CN1088141A - Spark machined precision plane and sphere new technology - Google Patents
Spark machined precision plane and sphere new technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1088141A CN1088141A CN 92107849 CN92107849A CN1088141A CN 1088141 A CN1088141 A CN 1088141A CN 92107849 CN92107849 CN 92107849 CN 92107849 A CN92107849 A CN 92107849A CN 1088141 A CN1088141 A CN 1088141A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of spark machined precision plane and sphere new technology, workpiece and tool-electrode are done gyration around being positioned at conplane two axial lines separately respectively simultaneously, solve the influence of export license to machining accuracy with the cylindrical shape tool-electrode.By the angle between workpiece and electrode two rotating shafts and electrode diameter decision sphere moulding radius of curvature and planar shaping precision.Compare with existing electric discharge machining method, this method is simple, the machining accuracy height, the workpiece spherical radius can be adjusted selected flexibly, can process the plane of various metal works, any large diameter convex-concave sphere, super hemisphere sphere, many step surfaces and multiple combination profile, precision reaches micron order, can realize the large tracts of land mirror finish.
Description
The present invention relates to the novel technical method of a kind of spark machined precision plane and sphere.Belong to spark machined (Electric Discharge Machining) technical field.
With the method for the invention add man-hour workpiece and tool-electrode do gyration around conplane two axis that are positioned at separately respectively simultaneously.Solve the influence of export license with rotating thin cylinder shape (whole or local) tool-electrode, by the angle between workpiece gyroaxis and the tool-electrode gyroaxis and tool-electrode diameter decision sphere shaping radius of curvature and planar-formed precision to machining accuracy.
The existing mechanical processing method, plane and sphere as some type of some metal material of finish turning, can reach the micron order size and the accuracy of form and position, but be difficult to reach mirror effect, for the material that hardens, usually can reach the Precision Machining requirement with method for grinding, yet some shape face for workpiece such as some hard-cutting materials such as carbide alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloys, as concave type facet, many steps face, recessed super hemisphere face, long radius sphere etc., no matter process with all difficult micron order plane and the sphere realized of turning, grinding or other machining process.
Existing spark erosion technique method can overcome the shortcoming of conventional mechanical processing method to metal material adaptability deficiency, but to precision plane, particularly big plane and various accurate sphere add man-hour, the geometric accuracy of workpiece and surface quality can not reach the requirement of micron order mirror finish simultaneously, existing forming electric spark worker technical method can processing work on less plane, but can not process bigger area or dark recessed precision plane or accurate many step surfaces of forming by some planes.Existing spark erosion technique can only process the sphere that general precision requires, can not process the high accuracy sphere, the subject matter that existing forming electric spark worker technical method exists is the forming requirements that the working motion mode can not adapt to precision plane and sphere, and the chip removal exhaust of processing district, the loss of tool-electrode and the problems such as influence of interelectrode capacity also are difficult to solve.General closed planar and protruding sphere on the existing Electric Discharge Wire-cutting Technology energy cut workpiece, but be subjected to the restriction of its working motion mode can not cut concave type plane, many steps of blind hole class ring-type plane, combination profile.Efficient is extremely low when processing protruding sphere, and also difficulty reaches high-precision requirement, and can not process concave spherical surface.
The objective of the invention is to solve existing spark erosion technique method and machining process long-standing the problems referred to above aspect processing precise plane and sphere, the novel technical method of a kind of spark machined precision plane and sphere is provided.
The invention provides the novel technical method of a spark machined precision plane and sphere, it is characterized in that tool-electrode and workpiece do gyration around self rotating shaft respectively, article two, gyroaxis is positioned at same plane and intersects at an angle, this angle equals zero degree and is used for processing plane when promptly two gyroaxises are parallel, this angle is used for processing sphere when being not equal to zero degree, tool-electrode or workpiece are done axial feed or additional again radial motion during processing plane, tool-electrode or workpiece are only made axial feed during the processing sphere, and the shape of tool-electrode is thin cylinder shape (whole or local).The barrel of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode turns round the axle center by workpiece during the processing integral planar, processes in the axial feed mode.During the ring plain of processing hollow or middle part projection the barrel of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode can by or not by workpiece revolution axle center, Local Convex sphere or concave spherical surface that machining shape is complete; thin cylinder shape tool-electrode axial feed is when the final position; its barrel turns round the axle center by workpiece, when processing convex annular sphere or annular concave spherical surface thin cylinder shape tool-electrode barrel can by or not by workpiece revolution axle center.
During with the method for the invention processing sphere, the angle between adjustment workpiece rotating shaft and the tool-electrode rotating shaft and the diameter of selection tool electrode obtain the spherical radius of needs, are guaranteed the forming accuracy of workpiece by the kinematic accuracy of equipment.
Building motion mode and principle following (referring to Fig. 1) during technical method processing plane of the present invention.Workpiece (1) is around axes O
1O
1Revolution.Tool-electrode (2) is around axes O
2O
2Revolution, these two axis are parallel to each other, and are usually located in the same plane parallel with the coordinate setting table face.
The a that sets up an office is the point that thin cylinder shape tool-electrode cylinder leading edge is protruded most, when electrode around the movement locus of the axle revolution time point a of self be one perpendicular to this electrode rotating shaft O
2O
2Circle, on the edge of work end face point b movement locus be one perpendicular to workpiece rotating shaft O
1O
1Circle, the edge alignment pieces axis of rotation of tool-electrode and make axial feed when tool-electrode and workpiece turn round simultaneously.As seen from Figure 2, the circus movement track of point a can cover the processed end face of whole work-piece in the circus movement track scope of a b, boss on the processed end face of workpiece will at first be removed by galvanic corrosion, in the axial feed process, the erosion face that is subjected to of workpiece is expanded gradually, forms a complete plane at last.The loss of tool-electrode itself makes its end face obtain automatic dressing in the process.Enter when normally stablizing machining state, the tool-electrode end forms narrow anchor ring, the alignment pieces end face carries out spark discharge processing, as shown in Figure 2 if thin cylinder shape electrode barrel turns round the axle center by workpiece, then can process integral planar (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3), if barrel then can not processed the plane (Fig. 4) of hollow or the ring plain (Fig. 5) of middle part projection by workpiece revolution axle center, if need the refine face of cylinder adjacent with the plane, can make the additional again radial motion of electrode, the geometrical precision on processed plane depends primarily on the dynamic accuracy of lathe and the depth of parallelism of workpiece rotating shaft and tool-electrode rotating shaft.
Processing during sphere the building motion mode and principle as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, workpiece (1) is around axes O
1O
1Revolution, tool-electrode (2) is around axes O
2O
2Revolution, axes O
1O
1And axes O
2O
2Be positioned at same plane, and intersect the θ angle, the plane at these two axis places is usually parallel with the coordinate setting table face, add the man-hour tool-electrode makes axial feed, establishes axes O
1O
1And axes O
2O
2Intersection point be that spherical radius that O, workpiece form after processing is that the external diameter of R, thin cylinder shape tool-electrode is d, shape Qu Zaitu and go up with the region representation that choice refreshments is arranged, because the axis of rotation O of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode
2O
2By workpiece centre of sphere O, therefore this electrode cylinder end face periphery can be fitted with the workpiece sphere, because its cross section was circular face, draws thus when sphere was cut mutually by arbitrary plane, need the allowance of ablation always to protrude outside sphere on the workpiece during processing beginning, the initial position of tool-electrode is along self rotating shaft slow astern segment distance.Shown in dotted line among Figure 10 and Figure 11, the surplus that needs on the rotating workpiece to remove in process is gradually by ablation, tool-electrode itself is because loss, simultaneously automatic dressing becomes narrow ring surface workpiece is carried out spark discharge processing, and be positioned at the workpiece globular interface with any part all can not isolate by ablation.Must form the sphere that needs at last.If the barrel of electrode turned round the axle center by workpiece when tool-electrode arrived final supplying position, then can process the Local Convex sphere (Figure 10) of complete shape, or localized indentation sphere (Figure 11), for convex annular sphere (Figure 16) and annular concave spherical surface (Figure 17), the electrode barrel can pass through or not turn round the axle center by workpiece.
Relation between sphere shaping geometric parameter
The part that choice refreshments is arranged among Figure 12 is the sphere that workpiece need be processed to form, and its spherical radius is R, and thin cylinder shape tool diameter is d, and the angle between the gyroaxis of workpiece and the gyroaxis of tool-electrode is θ, can draw following relational expression from figure:
sin θ＝d/2R
For the workpiece radius is the sphere of determined value, and along with the increase of selecting electrode diameter d for use, angle theta also needs corresponding increasing.
The selection of electric rules in the edm process:
Each stage in using technical method process of the present invention should be selected different electric rules, for the bigger workpiece of galvanic corrosion allowance, usually select the low-loss thick rules processing of electrode for use in the starting stage, to improve working (machining) efficiency, make the very fast shaping of workpiece, weaken rules gradually then, take into account two aspects of machining accuracy and surface roughness.Finally make both reach the technic index requirement simultaneously.
Compare technical method of the present invention with existing electrical spark working technical method following outstanding technological progress arranged:
1, the barrel leading edge of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode is turned round the axle center by workpiece in the generate forming mode, tool-electrode is around self rotating shaft revolution with make axial feed in the process, forms of motion is simple, the dynamic accuracy the when forming accuracy of plane and sphere depends primarily on the rotation of axle system.Present mechanical industry is the control technology of rotation precision to axle and has all developed into quite ripe degree near the practical mechanism of submicron order precision.Therefore the plane and the sphere that extremely help machining high-precision with the method for the invention.
2, add man-hour with technical method of the present invention, tool-electrode does not apply tangible active force to the processed position of workpiece, and the design and fabrication technology of therefore implementing device therefor of the present invention more easily solves.
3, can process concave type precision plane and accurate protruding, concave spherical surface easily with technical method of the present invention, process the requirement that this class profile is difficult to reach micron order processing usually with conventional method.
4, working solution liquid stream that forms in thin cylinder shape tool-electrode, working motion mode and layout, the process etc. makes chip removal, exhaust conditions in shape all the time, thereby prevent from effectively to cause the generation of arcing burn phenomenon to compare with common Electric Discharge Machining because of chip removal, exhaust are bad, the probability of secondary discharge obviously reduces.
5, thin cylinder shape tool-electrode manufactures and designs conveniently, the utilization rate height, and versatility is good, and cost is low, draws materials conveniently.Promptly can satisfy the demand with common copper material.
6, the geometry of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode and surface quality obtain automatic dressing by the loss of revolution and axial feed and electrode self, have thoroughly overcome the influence of the original geometric form precision of export license and electrode in the conventional Electric Discharge Machining to machining accuracy.Even the end face workmanship of tool-electrode is poor slightly, meeting automatic shaping in process, the surface quality of workpiece and electrode can improve synchronously, the original surface quality situation of surface roughness that workpiece is final and tool-electrode end face has nothing to do, and that is to say and can process the bright and clean surface of the work of final precision with original coarse tool-electrode.
When 7, processing bigger face type, owing to adopt thin cylinder shape (whole or local) electrode, the instantaneous discharge working (finishing) area is reduced relatively, capacitance between workpiece and tool-electrode is also corresponding to be reduced, be convenient to select very weak electric rules, help under minimum discharging gap, carrying out the large tracts of land mirror finish.
8, building motion mode letter refining, practical MECHANISM PRECISION is guaranteed easily, and the chip removal exhaust conditions is good, is convenient to realize in process the classification of electric rules or conversion continuously, can smooth transition up to microstoning from roughing fine finishining.
9, technology of the present invention is to some profile type processing of special material (as stainless steel, carbide alloy, brittle metal etc.) workpiece, and its working (machining) efficiency and precision are all above traditional electric discharge machining method and machining process.
The description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the building motion mode and the schematic diagram of processing plane.
The movement locus of a bit (a) on Fig. 2 specification tool electrode end surface outer rim and the some movement locus and the correlation thereof of (b) on the workpiece end face edge.
Processing mode shown in Figure 3 and layout can be processed the concave type plane, and cylinder electrode can also be processed the inner cylinder face that joins simultaneously, and the corner angle of joint are clear.
It shown in Fig. 4 the method for processing step hole, the disposable clamping of workpiece is to mandrel, tool-electrode divide several times displacements or change that electrode is processed to form the axiality in many stepped holes, each hole and each interplanar parallelism precision is very high, the corner angle of plane and face of cylinder joint are clear, O O is the axis of rotation of the tool-electrode after the displacement among the figure.
Shown in Figure 5 is the method for processing flat cannelure, the external cylindrical surface processing ring slot outside face of cylinder of using the cylindrical shape tool-electrode, the inboard face of cylinder of inner cylinder face processing cannelure with electrode, end face processing cannelure baseplane with electrode, when the size of electrode container wall thickness and groove width is matched when suitable, the ring-type baseplane flatness that forms is good, it is clear that the bottom land corner angle are shaped, and is specially adapted to the processing of end face raceway and sealed attachment part closed surface etc.
Shown in Figure 6 is the method for processing combination profile, and the disposable clamping of workpiece is processed each profile with the several electrodes gradation to mandrel.The coaxial precision height of each profile, the parallel accuracy height that the baseplane is mutual, the spacing tolerance is controlled easily, can reach the micron order precision.
Shown in Figure 7 is the method for the shouldered workpiece of processing, divides three phases to process.
Shown in Figure 8 is the method for processing excircles cannelure.The both sides of groove are that plane, bottom land are the faces of cylinder, and the shape of tool-electrode is slightly different with former described shape.Promptly tube both sides, the end are equivalent to two cylinders in the middle of cylinder at the tube end of cylindrical shape tool-electrode.
Promptly tube both sides, the end are equivalent to two cylinders in the middle of cylinder at the tube end.
Shown in Figure 9 is the method for the parallel thin slice in processing two sides.The two sides of workpiece polishes row in advance.Processing one side is earlier stood up workpiece the reprocessing another side then.Can process thickness with the method for the invention only is tens microns thin slices that the two sides is parallel.
Shown in Figure 10 is the method for the protruding sphere of processing.
Shown in Figure 11 is the method for processing concave spherical surface.
Figure 12 is used for explaining the functional relation between the angle theta three of workpiece spherical radius R, cylindrical shape tool-electrode diameter d and two widely different rotating shafts.
Sin θ=d/2R, or R=d/2sin θ.
Figure 13 represents to change the method for the different sphere of θ angle processing radius R when tool-electrode diameter d fixedly the time, and the three-dimensional cornerite of sphere will reduce with the increase of R.
R among the figure
1＜R
2; α
1＞α
2
The angle theta that Figure 14 represents two gyroaxises is the cylindrical shape tool-electrode processing sphere of d with diameter fixedly the time.The sphere that is processed to form during at I, II and three diverse locations of III when electrode end surface marks with choice refreshments.Under the situation of I and II, because the electrode container edge do not engage with the workpiece gyroaxis, the relational expression of sin θ=d/2R is no longer set up, and what be processed to form is to be the annular sphere of boundary with two parallel cuts.
Figure 15 shows that further tool-electrode tube edge does not engage with the workpiece rotating shaft, to the result who processes with the workpiece blank of fictitious outline encirclement.Around the gyroaxis of workpiece, can form the local crowning cone, but it does not influence the forming accuracy of land portions.
Figure 16 illustrates the protruding sphere master of processing part annular method.
Figure 17 illustrates the method for processing part annular concave spherical surface.
Figure 18 represents that two gyroaxises intersect 90 and spend the method for time processing symmetric figure part annular sphere.
Figure 19 illustrates the protruding super hemispherical method of processing.
Figure 20 illustrates the recessed super hemispherical method of processing.
Claims (5)
1, the technical method of a kind of spark machined precision plane or sphere, it is characterized in that tool-electrode and workpiece do gyration around self rotating shaft respectively, article two, gyroaxis is positioned at same plane and intersects at an angle, this angle equals zero degree and is used for processing plane when promptly two gyroaxises are parallel, this angle is used for processing sphere when being not equal to zero degree, tool-electrode or workpiece are done axial feed or additional again radial motion during processing plane, tool-electrode or workpiece are only made axial feed during the processing sphere, and the shape of tool-electrode is thin cylinder shape (whole or local).
2, the described technical method of claim 1, the barrel end face of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode turns round the axle center by workpiece when it is characterized in that processing integral planar, processes in the axial feed mode.
3, the described technical method of claim 1, when it is characterized in that processing the ring plain of hollow or middle part projection the barrel end face of thin cylinder shape tool-electrode can by or not by workpiece revolution axle center.
4, the described technical method of claim 1 is characterized in that Local Convex sphere or concave spherical surface that machining shape is complete, and when thin cylinder shape tool-electrode axial feed arrived the final position, its barrel end face turned round the axle center by workpiece.
5, the described technical method of claim 1, when it is characterized in that processing convex annular sphere or annular concave spherical surface thin cylinder shape tool-electrode barrel end face can by or not by workpiece revolution axle center.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92107849 CN1088141A (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | Spark machined precision plane and sphere new technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92107849 CN1088141A (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | Spark machined precision plane and sphere new technology |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1088141A true CN1088141A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92107849 Pending CN1088141A (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | Spark machined precision plane and sphere new technology |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102151920A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2011-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electrical discharge machining (EDM) method of super-hard micro-hemisphere couple part |
| CN103406610A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-27 | 东华大学 | Electric spark processing method for electrode with simple shape processing and formation shape |
| CN104368885A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-02-25 | 广东工业大学 | Electric spark and machine combined grinding method for ultrahard sphere |
| WO2016015092A1 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-04 | Integrity Engineering Solutions Pty Ltd | Fasteners |
| CN106270837A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | One utilizes liquid metals electro-discharge machining spherical die method |
| CN112222544A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-15 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Efficient machining electrode of honeycomb sealing ring and design method thereof |
| CN113814493A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-21 | 长春理工大学 | Electric spark machining device and method for three-degree-of-freedom spherical gear |
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1992
- 1992-12-16 CN CN 92107849 patent/CN1088141A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102151920B (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-06-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electrical discharge machining (EDM) method of super-hard micro-hemisphere couple part |
| CN102151920A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2011-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electrical discharge machining (EDM) method of super-hard micro-hemisphere couple part |
| CN103406610A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-27 | 东华大学 | Electric spark processing method for electrode with simple shape processing and formation shape |
| CN103406610B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-10-28 | 东华大学 | The electric discharge machining method of simple shape electrode machining forming shape |
| AU2015296888B2 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2019-08-01 | Integrity Engineering Solutions Pty Ltd | Fasteners |
| WO2016015092A1 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-04 | Integrity Engineering Solutions Pty Ltd | Fasteners |
| CN106795904B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2019-09-17 | 因特格瑞提工程方案有限公司 | Fastener |
| CN106795904A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2017-05-31 | 因特格瑞提工程方案有限公司 | fastener |
| US10316881B2 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2019-06-11 | Integrity Engineering Solutions Pty Ltd | Fasteners |
| CN104368885A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-02-25 | 广东工业大学 | Electric spark and machine combined grinding method for ultrahard sphere |
| CN106270837B (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2019-04-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | It is a kind of to utilize liquid metals electro-discharge machining spherical shape cavity plate method |
| CN106270837A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | One utilizes liquid metals electro-discharge machining spherical die method |
| CN112222544A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-15 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Efficient machining electrode of honeycomb sealing ring and design method thereof |
| CN112222544B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Efficient machining electrode of honeycomb sealing ring and design method thereof |
| CN113814493A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-21 | 长春理工大学 | Electric spark machining device and method for three-degree-of-freedom spherical gear |
| CN113814493B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-07-15 | 长春理工大学 | Electric spark machining device and method for three-degree-of-freedom spherical gear |
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