Feeding equipment for cattle farm
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry mechanical equipment, and particularly discloses feeding equipment for a cattle farm.
Background
Generally, a cattle trough is a trough made of cement or steel plate and is placed in a fixed position, so that the height of the trough cannot be changed at will. Thus, there is a problem in that: the cattle fed in the feeding shed have different body shapes due to different feeding time, different cattle self-differences and the like, when the trough is placed on the ground, the cattle with a larger body shape need to kneel down to eat, and when the trough is placed at a high position, the cattle with a smaller body shape are difficult to eat due to the overhigh height of the trough.
In order to solve the above problems, the chinese patent application No. 201711125972.3 discloses a feeding trough convenient for feeding cattle of different sizes, which mainly comprises a bottom plate, wherein the upper surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the upper surface of the fixed block is fixedly connected with a driving device, one end of the driving device is fixedly connected with a trapezoidal plate, the lower surface of the trapezoidal plate is fixedly connected with a first sliding block, and the first sliding block is slidably connected in a first sliding groove formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate. According to the cattle raising trough, the motor is arranged, when the motor rotates forwards, the traction rope pulls the trapezoidal plate to move leftwards, so that the roller is pushed to move upwards, the box body moves upwards, when the motor rotates backwards, the box body can descend under the tension of the spring, the lifting of the feeding trough is completed, and the height of the feeding trough can be changed according to the size of the cattle. However, the invention patent has the problems that the worker is required to manually control the motor to work on site to adjust the height of the feeding trough when feeding every time, the automation degree is low, the workload of the worker is increased, the feeding efficiency of the cattle is reduced, and the invention is not suitable for popularization and use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide feeding equipment for a cattle farm, and solves the problem that the feeding efficiency of cattle is low because the position of an existing feeding trough cannot be automatically adjusted according to the body size of the cattle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the feeding equipment for the cattle farm comprises a rack, a feeding groove, a feeding fence fixedly installed on the ground, a groove formed in the ground, a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body arranged below the ground, wherein a pedal is connected in the groove in a sliding mode, a sealed cavity is formed by the pedal and the groove, and a first elastic piece is fixedly connected between the pedal and the bottom wall of the groove; a first piston is connected in the first cylinder body in a sliding mode, the first cylinder body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the first piston, a second elastic part is fixedly connected between the top wall of the upper cavity and the first piston, the lower cavity is communicated with a first water delivery pipe and a second water delivery pipe, one end, far away from the lower cavity, of the first water delivery pipe is connected to the sealed cavity, a supporting column is fixedly connected to the first piston, and one end, far away from the first cylinder body, of the supporting column is fixedly connected with the bottom of the feeding groove; a second piston is connected in the second cylinder body in a sliding mode, the second piston divides the second cylinder body into a left chamber and a right chamber, one end, far away from the lower chamber, of the second water delivery pipe is connected to the left chamber, liquid is contained in the left chamber, the lower chamber and the sealing cavity, a third elastic piece is fixedly connected between the side wall of the right chamber and the second piston, the second piston is fixedly connected with a first rack, and the first rack is meshed with a gear; a vertical through groove is formed in the feeding fence, a sliding plate is vertically and slidably connected in the through groove, a second rack is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding plate, which faces the feeding groove, and the second rack is meshed with the gear; the feeding device comprises a rack, a feeding fence, a sliding plate, a discharging pipe, a through hole and a discharging pipe, wherein the rack is fixedly provided with a storage box, feed is filled in the storage box, the bottom of the storage box is communicated with the discharging pipe, the discharging pipe transversely penetrates through the feeding fence, the sliding plate vertically penetrates through the discharging pipe, the sliding plate is provided with the through hole, and the through hole; one end of the discharging pipe, far away from the material storage box, is fixedly connected with a material conveying hose, and one end of the material conveying hose, far away from the discharging pipe, is fixed in the feeding groove.
The working principle of the basic scheme is as follows: after a cow steps on the pedal, the pedal slides towards the bottom wall direction of the groove under the action of gravity of the cow, liquid in the sealed cavity is pressed into the lower cavity of the first cylinder body through the first water delivery pipe, hydraulic pressure in the lower cavity is increased, the liquid in the lower cavity enters the left cavity of the second cylinder body through the second water delivery pipe, the hydraulic pressure in the left cavity is increased, the second piston is pushed to slide towards the right cavity direction, and further the first rack moves. When the second piston can not slide to the right cavity direction, hydraulic pressure in the lower cavity increases gradually, promotes first piston and slides to the upper cavity direction, and fixed connection takes place to remove at the support column on first piston, and the support column promotes the groove of raising to suitable height, realizes the height of raising the groove according to the size of the figure automatic adjustment of ox to make things convenient for the feed of ox.
The beneficial effect of this basic scheme lies in:
1. in the basic scheme, when a cow steps on the pedal, liquid in the sealed cavity is pressed into the lower cavity and the left cavity, so that hydraulic pressure in the lower cavity is increased, the first piston moves, the feeding trough moves, the body size of the cow and the moving distance of the feeding trough are in positive correlation, and the height of the feeding trough is automatically adjusted according to the body size of the cow, so that the cow can conveniently eat, and the feeding efficiency of the cow is improved; also make the hydraulic pressure increase in the left cavity simultaneously, realize the removal of slide to make through-hole and discharging pipe coincidence on the slide, realize the automatic unloading of fodder, avoid the staff manual to feeding the inslot and add the fodder, reduce staff's work load, improve the degree of automation of this equipment, and then further improve and raise efficiency.
2. In this basic scheme, leave the back when the ox from the footboard, first piston and second piston move under the effect of first elastic component, second elastic component and third elastic component respectively and reset, at this moment, the feeding trough follows first piston and moves and resets, and the slide also will move simultaneously and reset, through-hole on the slide no longer with the discharging pipe coincidence, the slide is with the discharging pipe shutoff, realizes the automatic stop unloading of fodder, further improves the degree of automation of this equipment.
Further, an electromagnetic valve is mounted on the discharge pipe and is in a normally open state; raise the inslot sliding connection and have the diaphragm, fixedly connected with fourth elastic component between diaphragm and the diapire of raising the groove, the diaphragm is close to and raises on one side of groove diapire fixed mounting have the negative plate, raise on the diapire of groove fixed mounting with the aligned positive plate in negative plate position, positive plate and negative plate connect to establish ties in the switch circuit of solenoid valve.
The fodder gets into the in-process of raising the inslot through discharging pipe and defeated material hose, it increases gradually to piling up the fodder on the diaphragm, the diaphragm slides to the diapire direction of raising the groove gradually, when negative plate on the diaphragm and the positive plate contact circular telegram of raising on the tank bottom wall, solenoid valve circular telegram work, the solenoid valve is in the off-state this moment, the solenoid valve is closed the discharging pipe, prevent the fodder in the storage case to continue to get into and raise the inslot, when avoiding the ox to stand on the footboard feed, the fodder lasts to get into and raises the inslot, cause the fodder to spill over and raise the fence, thereby avoid the waste of fodder, reduce.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the right cavity is fixedly connected with a limiting block.
The stopper can restrict the sliding distance of second piston, avoids the ox to stand the in-process of feed on the footboard, because the weight of ox increases because of the feed, leads to impress the liquid increase in the left cavity to lead to the slide to remove, thereby guarantee that the volume of the fodder that gets into in the unit interval raises the inslot is enough.
Furthermore, the upper chamber is communicated with a vent pipe, and one end of the vent pipe, which is far away from the upper chamber, extends out of the ground.
Because the upper chamber is communicated with the vent pipe, the air pressure in the upper chamber is communicated with the atmospheric pressure, and the resistance borne by the first piston in the sliding process is reduced.
Further, the first elastic piece, the second elastic piece, the third elastic piece and the fourth elastic piece are all springs.
The spring has the characteristics of low cost and long service life.
Further, one side of the pedal, which is far away from the bottom wall of the groove, is flush with the ground.
The cattle is prevented from being stumbled and injured by the pedals or being knocked to the air and fallen and injured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of a feeding apparatus for a cattle farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the feeding trough of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the feeding trough comprises a feeding trough 1, a feeding fence 2, a first cylinder 3, a first piston 301, an upper chamber 302, a lower chamber 303, a vent pipe 304, a second spring 305, a second cylinder 4, a second piston 401, a left chamber 402, a right chamber 403, a limiting block 404, a third spring 405, a pedal 5, a sealing chamber 6, a first spring 7, a first water delivery pipe 8, a second water delivery pipe 9, a supporting column 10, a first rack 11, a gear 12, a through groove 13, a sliding plate 14, a through hole 141, a second rack 15, a storage box 16, a discharge pipe 17, a delivery hose 18, an electromagnetic valve 19, a transverse plate 20, a fourth spring 21, a negative plate 22 and a positive plate 23.
The embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1, the feeding equipment for cattle farms comprises a frame, a feeding trough 1, a feeding fence 2 fixedly installed on the ground, a groove formed on the ground, and a first cylinder 3 and a second cylinder 4 arranged below the ground, wherein the first cylinder 3 is positioned between the groove and the second cylinder 4.
The vertical sliding connection has footboard 5 in the recess, and the upper surface of footboard 5 flushes with ground mutually, and footboard 5 and recess form sealed seal chamber 6, fixedly connected with first spring 7 between the diapire of the lower surface of footboard 5 and recess. A first piston 301 is slidably connected in the first cylinder 3, and the first piston 301 divides the first cylinder 3 into an upper chamber 302 and a lower chamber 303. The upper chamber 302 is communicated with a vent pipe 304, the upper end of the vent pipe 304 extends out of the ground, and a second spring 305 is fixedly connected between the top wall of the upper chamber 302 and the upper surface of the first piston 301. The lower cavity 303 is communicated with a first water pipe 8 and a second water pipe 9, the left end of the first water pipe 8 is connected to the sealing cavity 6, and the first water pipe 8 is communicated with the lower cavity 303 and the sealing cavity 6. The upper surface of the first piston 301 is fixedly connected with a support column 10, and the upper end of the support column 10 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the feeding trough 1.
A second piston 401 is connected in the second cylinder 4 in a sliding manner, the second piston 401 divides the second cylinder 4 into a left chamber 402 and a right chamber 403, the right end of a second water pipe 9 is connected to the left chamber 402, the second water pipe 9 is communicated with the lower chamber 303 and the left chamber 402, and liquid is contained in the left chamber 402, the lower chamber 303 and the sealed cavity 6. Fixedly connected with stopper 404 on the inner wall of right chamber 403, fixedly connected with third spring 405 between the right side wall of right chamber 403 and the right flank of second piston 401, the first rack 11 of right flank fixedly connected with of second piston 401, first rack 11 meshes there is gear 12.
Vertical logical groove 13 has been seted up in raising fence 2, and vertical sliding connection has slide 14 in leading to groove 13, fixedly connected with second rack 15 on the left side wall of slide 14, second rack 15 and gear 12 intermeshing. The frame fixed mounting has storage case 16, contains the fodder in the storage case 16, and the bottom of storage case 16 communicates there is discharging pipe 17. The discharge pipe 17 transversely penetrates through the feeding fence 2, the sliding plate 14 vertically penetrates through the discharge pipe 17, a through hole 141 is formed in the sliding plate 14, and the through hole 141 can coincide with the discharge pipe 17 in the moving process. The left end of the discharge pipe 17 is fixedly connected with a delivery hose 18, and the lower end of the delivery hose 18 is fixed in the feeding trough 1.
The discharge pipe 17 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 19, and the electromagnetic valve 19 is in a normally open state. Referring to fig. 2, a transverse plate 20 is vertically and slidably connected in the feeding trough 1, a fourth spring 21 is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the transverse plate 20 and the bottom wall of the feeding trough 1, a negative plate 22 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the transverse plate 20, a positive plate 23 aligned with the negative plate 22 is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the feeding trough 1, and the positive plate 23 and the negative plate 22 are connected in series in a switching circuit of the electromagnetic valve 19.
The specific work is as follows: after the ox steps on the pedal 5, the pedal 5 slides downwards under the action of the gravity of the ox, so that the volume of the sealed cavity 6 is reduced, the hydraulic pressure in the sealed cavity 6 is increased, the liquid in the sealed cavity 6 is pressed into the lower cavity 303 through the first water conveying pipe 8, the hydraulic pressure in the lower cavity 303 is increased, the liquid in the lower cavity 303 is pressed into the left cavity 402 through the second water conveying pipe 9, the hydraulic pressure in the left cavity 402 is increased, the second piston 401 is pushed to slide rightwards until the second piston 401 abuts against the limiting block 404, and the limiting block 404 prevents the second piston 401 from continuously sliding rightwards. When the second piston 401 slides to the right, the first rack 11 fixedly connected to the second piston 401 moves to the right, and at this time, the gear 12 rotates counterclockwise due to the mutual engagement of the first rack 11 and the gear 12, and the gear 12 and the second rack 15 are engaged with each other, so that the second rack 15 moves upward, and thus the sliding plate 14 fixedly connected to the second rack 15 slides upward in the through groove 13. Therefore, the through hole 141 on the sliding plate 14 is gradually overlapped with the discharge pipe 17, the sliding plate 14 does not block the discharge pipe 17 any more, and the feed in the storage tank 16 enters the feeding trough 1 through the discharge pipe 17 and the feed delivery hose 18 under the action of gravity, so that the automatic feeding of the feed is realized, and the workload of workers is reduced.
Above-mentioned in-process, the hydraulic pressure in the lower chamber 303 constantly increases, promotes first piston 301 and upwards slides, and fixed connection is at the support column 10 rebound on first piston 301, and support column 10 drives and raises groove 1 rebound, and the distance of removal depends on the size of ox: when the size of the cattle is small, the weight is light, the liquid in the sealing cavity 6 enters the lower cavity 303 in a small amount, and the rising height of the feeding trough 1 is low; when the size of ox is great, the weight is heavier, and the volume of cavity 303 is more under the liquid entering in the seal chamber 6, raises the height that groove 1 rises higher to this makes things convenient for the feed of ox, has avoided raising the inconvenient problem of the ox feed of the size difference that groove 1 height fixation leads to.
In-process of food on footboard 5 is stood at ox, because the fodder constantly gets into through discharging pipe 17 and defeated material hose 18 and raises groove 1 in, then the volume of the fodder of piling up on diaphragm 20 increases gradually, diaphragm 20 slides down gradually, diaphragm 20 downstream is followed to negative plate 22, when negative plate 22 and positive plate 23 contact circular telegram, solenoid valve 19 circular telegram work, solenoid valve 19 changes the off-state from normally open state into, with discharging pipe 17 shutoff, prevent that the fodder in the storage case 16 continues to get into raises inslot 1, avoid the in-process of ox station on footboard 5, add the fodder always and lead to the fodder to spill over and raise groove 1, thereby avoid the waste of fodder, reduce and raise the cost.
When the cattle leaves the pedal 5 after feeding, the pedal 5 is not applied with downward force any more, and then the pedal 5, the first piston 301 and the second piston 401 are slidably restored by the first spring 7, the second spring 305 and the third spring 405, respectively, and the feeding trough 1 is moved downward and restored. In the resetting process of the second piston 401, the first rack 11 moves leftwards, the gear 12 rotates clockwise due to the mutual meshing of the first rack 11 and the gear 12, and the second rack 15 moves downwards due to the mutual meshing of the gear 12 and the second rack 15, so that the sliding plate 14 is driven to move downwards to reset, the through hole 141 in the sliding plate 14 is gradually staggered with the discharge pipe 17 until the discharge pipe 17 is plugged by the sliding plate 14 again, and the automatic stopping of the feed discharging is realized.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.