CN108808907A - The electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines of one kind and electric machine control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines and electric machine control systems, the automobile-used switched reluctance machines of electrical salf-walking, including shell and the rotor in shell and stator, the stator includes around circumferentially spaced multiple stator tooths and the stator slot between the stator tooth, it is wound with three-phase windings successively on the stator tooth, current in opposite is connected on the winding of adjacent stators tooth, so that the magnetic direction that adjacent winding generates is opposite.Compared with prior art, the magnetic density of the switched reluctance machines is high, and reluctance torque is big, the power density height of motor, good environmental adaptability, reliability height, service life length, simple production process, at low cost.It can be widely used in electric vehicle.

Description

The electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines of one kind and electric machine control system

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical fields of motor, are related to the electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines of one kind and electric machine control system

Background technology

With the continuous development of China's economy, the pollution of environment is more and more obvious, therefore, energy-saving and emission-reduction are not only visitor See the needs of economic development, the even more needs of human ecology development of civilization.Automobile industry is key pillars of the national economy industry, But as the main source of municipal pollution, the energy shortage thus brought and problem of environmental pollution will more for the discharge of its tail gas It is prominent, therefore vehicle exhaust is reduced to municipal pollution, it develops new-energy automobile and countries in the world has been caused greatly to be paid attention to.

Electric vehicle is that an energy consumption is low, and environmental pollution is small, disclosure satisfy that public demand, pulls the novel production of domestic demand Industry.Currently, World Main Auto producing country accelerates to dispose one after another, using development new-energy automobile as national strategy, accelerate to promote Technical research and industrialization, while greatly developing and promoting and applying automobile energy-saving technology.It is well known that electric vehicle promoted and applied Key is that the battery of electric vehicle, the quality of battery largely determine the course continuation mileage of electric vehicle.And electric vehicle It is limited to battery technology and practical service environment, battery capacity fails to reach perfect condition always, therefore, in battery capacity The course continuation mileage of electric vehicle is improved under the premise of limited as far as possible as where the key problem in technology in electric vehicle evolution.

The hub driven motor of high power electric vehicle generally uses permanent magnet synchronous motor and motor in axial magnetic field at present, generally Seldom use switched reluctance machines.

The performance of these three motors is analyzed below：1, motor in axial magnetic field is complicated, and production cost is high, practical Application value is not high.2, switched reluctance machines in the prior art are generally made into inner rotor motor form, outer rotor wheel hub electricity Machine, which has no, to be used.The low-speed stability of switched reluctance machines as internal rotor application, noise, power density are still not so good as permanent magnetism Synchronous motor.3, permanent magnet synchronous motor there is easy demagnetization, low speed operational efficiency is low, the service life is shorter, maintainability is poor etc. Disadvantage.

In addition, the magnetic direction of adjacent winding is identical on Stators for Switched Reluctance Motors tooth in the prior art, make each Winding independently forms a small magnetic field (please referring to Fig. 5), its magnetic density of the field form of this kind of winding is low, leads to reluctance torque Small, the power density of motor is low.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of electronic automotive controls to solve shortcoming present in background technology Reluctance motor and electric machine control system.

To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines, including shell and it is set to Rotor in shell and stator, the stator include around circumferentially spaced multiple stator tooths and between the stator tooth Stator slot, be wound with three-phase windings successively on the stator tooth, current in opposite connected on the winding of adjacent stators tooth, with Keep the magnetic direction that adjacent winding generates opposite.

For a kind of optimization of the invention, each phase winding in the three-phase windings includes at least three exits, Wherein described at least three exit includes two end exits positioned at winding both ends and the pre-determined bit among winding At least one middle part exit set.

A kind of optimization for the present invention, the electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines are outer rotor default sub-motor or interior Rotor external stator motor.

A kind of optimization for the present invention, the rotor are the rotor of the pole (8 × n), and the stator is determining for (12 × n) slot Son；Wherein, n is the positive integer more than or equal to 2.

A kind of optimization for the present invention, each phase of three-phase windings include three exits.

A kind of optimization for the present invention, the precalculated position are the midpoint of each single item winding.

In order to solve the above technical problems, originally returning a kind of electronic automobile-used switched Reluctance Motor Control System of offer comprising Switched reluctance machines described in any one of driver and above-described embodiment；The driver includes working condition selecting module, The working condition selecting module is used to select whole windings or the position between being located at two end exits of the three-phase windings Part between end exit and midpoint exit or between the exit of midpoint works, so that the switching magnetic-resistance Motor realizes different torque outputs.

Compared with prior art, the magnetic density of the switched reluctance machines is high, and reluctance torque is big, the power density of motor It is height, good environmental adaptability, reliability height, service life length, simple production process, at low cost.It can be widely used in electric vehicle.

Description of the drawings

The structure composition block diagram of Fig. 1 Switched Reluctance Motors；

Fig. 2 is the switched reluctance machines and its three-phase windings schematic diagram of outer-rotor structure；

Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of switched reluctance machines in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of stator winding；

Fig. 5 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of single winding in prior art method of accessing；

Fig. 6 is stator and rotor relative position and phase winding inductance curve figure；

Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing of rotor toothing first preferred embodiment；

Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of the second preferred embodiment of rotor toothing；

Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing of rotor toothing third preferred embodiment；

Figure 10 is the enlarged drawing of the 4th preferred embodiment of rotor toothing；

Figure 11 is the curve graph that inductance changes with corner in the prior art；

Figure 12 is the curve graph that the inductance of switched reluctance machines crown structure of the present invention changes with corner；

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram for the notch that filler is covered on rotor slot；

Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram that filler is filled in rotor slot；

Figure 15 is the composition frame chart of switched Reluctance Motor Control System；

Figure 16 is the electrical block diagram of working condition selecting module；

Figure 17 is the switched reluctance machines and its three-phase windings schematic diagram of inner rotor core；

Figure 18 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of switched reluctance machines in Figure 17；And

Figure 19 is a kind of schematic diagram of preferred inner rotor core.

Specific implementation mode

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present invention is described in further detail.It is emphasized that following implement Example is merely to illustrate the present invention, but is not defined to the scope of the present invention.Likewise, following embodiment is only the portion of the present invention Point embodiment and not all embodiments, the institute that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts There are other embodiments, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Term " first ", " second ", " third " " in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned attached drawing The (if present)s such as four " are for distinguishing similar object, without being used to describe specific sequence or precedence.It should manage The data that solution uses in this way can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so that the embodiment of the present invention described herein for example can be to remove Sequence other than those of illustrating or describe herein is implemented.In addition, term " comprising " and " having " and theirs is any Deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing the process of series of steps or unit, method, system, production Product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to clearly to list step or unit, but may include not listing clearly or for this The intrinsic other steps of processes, method, product or equipment or unit a bit.

A kind of composition frame chart of governing system of electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines is as shown in Figure 1, the governing system is general Including switched reluctance machines 100, power inverter 200, controller 300 and position sensor 400.About governing system each group At the control process between unit, within the scope of the understanding of those skilled in the art, and will not be described here in detail.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines, which is three-phase Switched reluctance machines, including shell and the field spider in shell and salient pole stator, be wound on the tooth of stator ABC three-phases around Group.

Preferably, each phase in ABC three-phase windings includes at least three exits, is drawn including two ends End is located at winding both ends, further includes at least one middle part exit, which is located at a certain position among winding, In this way, when a certain exit in middle part and one of end exit are accessed circuit, then each phase winding only has part logical Electricity work, and when two end exits are accessed circuit, then each phase winding is all powered on, to realize to the shape that works The adjusting of state.

For example, each phase in ABC three-phase windings is the three-phase windings for having midpoint, middle part exit is and winding Midpoint is connected, then winding can all access circuit and work, and corresponds to the normal operating conditions of motor, can also be with it Half access circuit works, and corresponds to motor assist working condition.ABC three-phase windings can be arranged in including multiple Portion's exit, the working condition of such motor then can there are many gears to adjust.

Preferably, switched reluctance machines can be the default sub-motor of outer rotor in the present embodiment, wherein as shown in Fig. 2, Stator includes around circumferentially spaced multiple stator tooths and the stator slot between stator tooth；Rotor includes around circumferentially disposed Multiple rotor tooths and the rotor slot between rotor tooth.The rotor 410 can be that outer rotor, the stator 420 of 16 poles are 24 The inner stator of slot.

As shown in Fig. 2, the sequence coiling of ABCABC...... can be used in the default sub-motor of 16 pole external-rotor, 24 slot, totally 24 The element of winding, three-phase windings respectively have 8 concatenated elements of winding, and the element of winding using more insulated copper wires and around will thoroughly do away with more Edge copper wire is split into two halves, such 8 concatenated elements of winding, but formed and around two parts, altogether there are two line head end and two Line tail end, using one pair of which line head end and line tail end as the end exit for the phase winding, then by another pair line head end with Line tail end and after connecing, as the midpoint exit of the phase winding, therefore ABC three-phase windings be have the three-phase of midpoint exit around Group.Certainly, in other embodiments, each single item in three-phase windings is also provided with multiple middle part exits, and extraction location It is also not necessarily limited at the midpoint of winding, within the scope of the understanding of those skilled in the art, details are not described herein again.

Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of switched reluctance machines in Fig. 2.Preferably, fixed in the present embodiment The ratio between the slot bottom width L10 of son and the width L8 of stator tooth are 1~1.25, and groove depth D1 is 2~4 times of facewidth L8.This design can Stock utilization to ensure motor is high, and vibrations and noise are small.This is because switched reluctance machines do not use permanent magnet, only make With iron core and copper wire, when its copper consumption is suitable with iron, the stock utilization highest of motor.And switched reluctance machines are determined When the slot bottom width of son and the width ratio of stator tooth are 1, it is believed that its copper consumption is suitable with iron, slot bottom width and stator The width ratio of tooth is more than 1, then can put more copper wire.But if the width of slot bottom width and stator tooth is than excessive, when groove depth is At 2~4 times of the facewidth, it is meant that the width of stator tooth is too narrow, and after winding is powered on tooth, stator and rotor are in strong magnetic pull Under effect, vibrations and noise are easy tod produce.The value range of the width ratio of the groove depth of stator of the present invention, tooth and slot, effectively ensures The stock utilization of motor is high, namely improves the power density of motor, and inhibits vibrations and noise.

Preferably, the width L6 of the width of rebate L7 of outer rotor and rotor tooth meets：L7/L6 is 1~0.75, and groove depth D2 is 20~30 times of air gap delta between rotor 410 and stator 420.This structure design of rotor and the slot bottom width L10 of stator with it is fixed The ratio between width L8 of sub- tooth is 1~1.25, and groove depth D1 is that 2~4 times of the design of facewidth L8 matches, and leads to switch of the present invention Reluctance motor it is bigger than Conventional switched reluctance motor with the ratio between maximum induction Lmax and minimum inductance Lmin Lmax/Lmin values More, inductance of the invention is than up to 6~8, and Conventional switched reluctance motor can only achieve 2.5~4.5 or so.Due to switching magnetic The output torque inductance for hindering motor is bigger than high meaning, and the output torque of motor is just big, namely significantly improved motor power it is close Degree.Wherein, the width of the air gap delta between rotor and stator can be designed as δ=(0.25~0.5) mm in the present embodiment.

Further, in order to improve the power density of motor, the winding production in the present embodiment on the adjacent stators tooth of stator It is logical to be compared to traditional winding on the contrary, referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of stator winding for raw magnetic direction The magnetic direction of method for electrically, the winding on adjacent stators tooth is identical, so that each winding is independently formed a small magnetic field, please refers to figure 5, Fig. 5 be the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of single winding in prior art method of accessing；The electricity of the winding of adjacent stators tooth in the present embodiment Direction is flowed on the contrary, so that the magnetic direction of adjacent winding generation is opposite；This kind of method of accessing can make between adjacent stators winding Magnetic field is collectively formed, such structure can improve magnetic density, reluctance torque is made to become larger, and then improve the power density of motor. The step mode of this kind of winding is not only applicable to the electric machine structure of 16 pole, 24 slot in the present embodiment, and it is (8 to be equally applicable to rotor × n) pole rotor, stator is the electric machine structure of the stator (wherein, n is positive integer more than or equal to 2) of (12 × n) slot.

Curve that the inductance of conventional motors changes with corner as shown in fig. 6, there are the constant minizone of inductance, the section Do not generate torque.In order to reduce the section, the utilization rate of motor, the both sides design of each rotor tooth of rotor of the present invention are improved For unsymmetric structure, for example the angle design of the two of rotor tooth crown is different angle etc..Then the inductance of motor is with corner The section of the curve of variation becomes smaller, or even disappears.And at least one of two crowns of rotor tooth can be designed as obtuse angle.

It is further preferred that also referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing of rotor toothing first preferred embodiment, this reality The crown 4101 applied in two crowns of the rotor tooth in example is designed to obtuse angle, another crown 4102 be designed as acute angle or Person right angle.Wherein, the depth D3 at rotor crown obtuse angle can be 1~2 times of air gap delta, and the width D 4 at rotor crown obtuse angle can be with It is the 1/10~1/5 of the width L6 of rotor tooth, it, can be significantly if motor is sequentially powered to three-phase windings by the direction at obtuse angle Reduce the noise of motor.

In addition, in other embodiments, two crowns of rotor tooth can also be designed as obtuse angle, be designed as acute angle or The structure type of person's acute angle and right angle collocation, as long as ensureing that the both sides of rotor tooth are unsymmetric structure.Further referring to Fig. 8-Figure 10, Fig. 8 are the enlarged drawings of the second preferred embodiment of rotor toothing, and Fig. 9 is rotor toothing third preferred embodiment Enlarged drawing and Figure 10 be the 4th preferred embodiment of rotor toothing enlarged drawing；Wherein, rotor tooth in Fig. 8 embodiments Both sides crown one is arc structure 4101, another is top rake structure 4102, and top rake position forms two obtuse angles；Fig. 9 is implemented The both sides crown of rotor tooth one is acute angle or right-angle structure 4101 in example, another is horn structure 4102 outstanding, and The both sides crown of rotor tooth one is acute angle or right-angle structure 4101 in Figure 10 embodiments, another crown is nearby equipped with one The structure 4102 of groove.The structure of several rotor tooths is only listed above, and the purport that the present invention protects is the both sides of rotor tooth For unsymmetric structure.Certainly, in other embodiments, no longer can also one by one be arranged herein there are many rotor toothing changed It lifts.

1 and Figure 12 are please referred to Fig.1, Figure 11 is the curve graph that inductance changes with corner in the prior art, and Figure 12 is the present invention The curve graph that the inductance of switched reluctance machines crown structure changes with corner, it is obvious that the crown design structure in the present invention, The section for the curve that inductance changes with corner becomes smaller (figure label X is position), or even disappears, i.e., does not generate the section of torque very It is small or even disappear, from greatly enhancing the magnetic flux utilization rate of motor, and then increase the output torque of motor.

Preferably, filler can also be set inside the notch of rotor slot or rotor slot, the air to reduce rotor hinders Power.The filler (covering) needs to be the exhausted magnetic material that insulate, for example plastics, fiberglass or composite material etc..

Also referring to Figure 13 and Figure 14, Figure 13 and Figure 14 are the schematic diagrames of two kinds of filler setting structures, wherein Figure 13 It is the schematic diagram for the notch that covering is covered on rotor slot, Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram that filler is filled in rotor slot.

Covering 500 can be the banded structure for being pasted onto 430 notch of rotor slot in Figure 13, and covering 500 can be one It is whole to be covered in all rotor slots 430 of entire rotor, can also be segmental structure covering part rotor slot 430, in ability Within the scope of the understanding of field technique personnel, and will not be described here in detail.

Filler 500 is to be filled in voussoir in rotor slot 430 in Figure 14, preferably fills and leads up rotor slot 430.In filler 500 when being filled in rotor slot, and be connected smoothly (figure between filler 500 and acute angle or the rotor tooth of right angle crown structure It is marked in 14 at 510 positions)；And it (is marked in Figure 14 by cambered surface between filler 500 and the rotor tooth of obtuse angle crown structure At 520 positions) transition connection.It can be ensured by seamlessly transitting structure connection between this filler 500 and both sides rotor tooth The whole lateral surface of rotor is smooth structure, achievees the purpose that reduce air drag to the greatest extent.

Further, in order to allow filler 500 to be reliably embedded in corresponding rotor slot, in the side of rotor tooth On the locating slot (being not marked in figure) that can be provided with, correspondingly, the side of filler 500 is equipped with to be adapted with positioning slot structure Positioning protrusion 530, the cooperation of the positioning protrusion 530 and locating slot realizes that the clamping to filler 500 positions, and then ensures filling Object 500 is reliably embedded in corresponding rotor slot.Certainly, a kind of locator protrusions of arc structure is only illustrated in Figure 14 530, it is, of course, also possible to for dovetail configuration etc., as long as can ensure that filler 500 can be stablized inlays or be connected to rotor slot It is interior, it will not enumerate herein.

In addition the present invention also provides a kind of control system of switched reluctance machines, it is switching magnetic-resistance to please refer to Fig.1 5, Figure 15 The composition frame chart of electric machine control system；The system includes switched reluctance machines 510 and driver 520, wherein switched reluctance machines 510 can be the switched reluctance machines of previous embodiment description.

The driver 520 includes at least working condition selecting module 521, and the working condition selecting module 521 is for selecting Three-phase windings be located between two end exits whole windings between end exit and midpoint exit or in Part between point exit works, so that switched reluctance machines realize different torque outputs.

The working condition selecting module 521 include at least three first switches, three second switches, three thirds switch, Three the first fly-wheel diodes, three the second fly-wheel diodes and three third fly-wheel diodes, wherein three first switches Collector connect the anode of power supply, emitter is separately connected an end exit of a corresponding phase winding, and three second are opened The collector of pass is separately connected another end exit of a corresponding phase winding, and emitter connects the cathode of power supply, three The collector of third switch is separately connected the midpoint exit of a corresponding phase winding, and emitter connects the cathode of power supply, three The cathode of first fly-wheel diode is separately connected the collector for the first switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected, and anode connects respectively The collector for the second switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected is connect, the cathode of three the second fly-wheel diodes is separately connected correspondence The emitter of first switch that is connected of a phase winding, anode is separately connected the second switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected Emitter, the cathode of three three fly-wheel diodes is separately connected the current collection for the first switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected Pole, anode are separately connected the collector for the third switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected.

For example, as shown in figure 16, above-mentioned working condition selecting module 521 may include 3 auxiliary power switch V7, V8, V9 and 3 auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9, are back work state when auxiliary power switch participates in work；It is auxiliary It is normal operating conditions when power switch being helped to be stopped.

When ABC three-phase windings are the three-phase windings with midpoint (i.e. by taking the midpoint exit of winding as an example), V1, V2, V3 is the upper bridge arm power switch of A, B, C three-phase windings respectively, and collector connects the anode of power supply Us；Its emitter connect respectively A, B, the input terminal of C three-phase windings, and be connected respectively with the cathode of fly-wheel diode VD4, VD5, VD6, then by fly-wheel diode The anode of VD4, VD5, VD6 connect the cathode of power supply Us.A, the output end of B, C three-phase windings connect respectively lower bridge arm power switch V4, The collector of V5, V6, and being connected respectively with the anode of fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2, VD3, then by fly-wheel diode VD1, The cathode of VD2, VD3 connect the anode of power supply Us.And the emitter of power switch V4, V5, V6 connect the cathode (power ground) of power supply Us. So constitute the power driving circuit of three-phase switch reluctance machine；A, the midpoint exit of B, C three-phase windings respectively with auxiliary work( The collector of rate switch V7, V8, V9 are connected, and are connected respectively with the anode of auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9, then The anode that the cathode of fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9 will be assisted to meet power supply Us.

When normal operating conditions, auxiliary power switch V7, V8, V9 shutdown is allowed to be stopped, three-phase switch reluctance machine is driven V1~V6 power switch of movement controller works normally, and A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine can be made all to throw Enter work；When back work state, V1~V3 and V7~V9 auxiliary power of three-phase switch reluctance machine drive control device is allowed to open Normal work is closed, and power switch V4, V5, V6 shutdown is stopped, and makes A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine 1/2 the number of turns winding devote oneself to work.When due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, and the total number of turns of motor is big, The torque that motor generates is big, and rotating speed is low；When back work state, only 1/2 the number of turns of motor participates in work, and the torque of motor is small But rotating speed is high；The two cooperation realizes two grades of electrodeless variable-speeds.

The drive control device 520 of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine can be when motor acquisition input speed, profit With the position sensor of switched reluctance machines, the change rate for enabling it change with position angle in three-phase windings inductance, region, to phase The power switch for the three-phase windings answered carries out switch control, realizes generator operation.The drive control device 520 can according to turn Speed, control switched reluctance machines are run under normal operating conditions and back work state；When normal operating conditions, allows and assist work( Rate switch V7, V8, V9 shutdown is stopped, the normal work of V1~V6 power switch of the drive control device of three-phase switch reluctance machine Make, A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine can be made all to devote oneself to work；When back work state, three-phase is allowed to open V1~V3 and V7~V9 the auxiliary power switch for closing the drive control device of reluctance motor work normally, and power switch V4, V5, V6 Shutdown is stopped, and 1/2 the number of turns winding of A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine is made to devote oneself to work.Due to normal When working condition, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, and the total number of turns of motor is big, and motor adapts to high-torque, rotating speed low state；Auxiliary When working condition, only 1/2 the number of turns of motor participates in work, and motor adapts to small torque high-speed state；The two cooperation realizes Low-speed generator is run and the operation of high tacho generator.

The outstanding advantages that three-phase switch reluctance machine is run as generator in the present embodiment are：Completely not due to tooth socket The location torque that effect generates；In addition possess low-speed generator operation and high tacho generator operational mode, high efficiency power generation Region it is very wide.

Switched reluctance machines structure in the embodiment of the present invention effectively increases the power density of switched reluctance machines, reduces The torque ripple and noise of switched reluctance machines have especially wide efficiency operation region.The switched reluctance machines do not have completely There is the location torque generated due to slot effect, run as generator, the region of high efficiency power generation is very wide.

In addition, when working condition selecting module 521 selects the middle part lead-out wire of access winding other positions, it can also group Different transforming gear forms is closed out to be no longer described in detail one by one herein within the scope of the understanding of people in the art.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of switched reluctance machines of internal rotor outer stator structure, please refers to Figure 17, Figure 17 are the switched reluctance machines and its three-phase windings schematic diagram of inner rotor core.Preferably, the switch in the embodiment Reluctance motor be 16 poles with 16 rotor tooths internal rotor and with 24 slot external stator motors of 24 stator slots.Figure acceptance of the bid Numbers 210 be stator, and 220 be rotor.

Likewise, 16 pole internal rotor, the 24 slot external stator motor can be used the sequence coiling of ABCABC......, totally 24 The element of winding, three-phase windings respectively have 8 concatenated elements of winding, and the element of winding using more insulated copper wires and around will thoroughly do away with more Edge copper wire is split into two halves, such 8 concatenated elements of winding, but formed and around two parts, altogether there are two line head end and two Line tail end, using one pair of which line head end and line tail end as the end exit for the phase winding, then by another pair line head end with Line tail end and after connecing, as the midpoint exit of the phase winding, therefore ABC three-phase windings be have the three-phase of midpoint exit around Group.Certainly, in other embodiments, each single item in three-phase windings is also provided with multiple middle part exits, and extraction location It is also not necessarily limited at the midpoint of winding, within the scope of the understanding of those skilled in the art, details are not described herein again.

It is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of switched reluctance machines in Figure 17 also referring to Figure 18, Figure 18.Preferably, this implementation The ratio between width L1 of the width of rebate L2 of stator and stator tooth is 1~1.25 in example, and groove depth D5 is 2~4 times of facewidth L1.This Design can ensure that the stock utilization of motor is high, and vibrations and noise are small.This is because switched reluctance machines do not use permanent magnet, Iron core and copper wire, when its copper consumption is suitable with iron, the stock utilization highest of motor is only used only.And switching magnetic-resistance is electric When the width of rebate of the stator of machine and the width ratio of stator tooth are 1, it is believed that its copper consumption is suitable with iron, width of rebate It is more than 1 with the width ratio of stator tooth, then can puts more copper wire.But if the width of width of rebate and stator tooth than excessive, when When groove depth is 2~4 times of the facewidth, it is meant that the width of stator tooth is too narrow, and after winding is powered on tooth, stator and rotor are strong Under magnetic pull effect, vibrations and noise are easy tod produce.The value range of the width ratio of the groove depth of stator of the present invention, tooth and slot, has Effect ensures that the stock utilization of motor is high, namely improves the power density of motor, and inhibits vibrations and noise.

Preferably, the width L4 of the width of rebate L5 of outer rotor and rotor tooth meets：L5/L4 is 1~0.75, and groove depth D6 is 20~30 times of air gap delta between rotor 220 and stator 210.This structure design of rotor and the width of rebate L5 of stator with it is fixed The ratio between width L4 of sub- tooth is 1~1.25, and groove depth D5 is that 2~4 times of the design of facewidth L1 matches, and leads to switch of the present invention Reluctance motor it is bigger than Conventional switched reluctance motor with the ratio between maximum induction Lmax and minimum inductance Lmin Lmax/Lmin values Much, inductance of the invention is than up to 6~8, and Conventional switched reluctance motor can only achieve 2.5~4.5 or so.Due to opening The output torque inductance for closing reluctance motor is bigger than high meaning, and the output torque of motor is just big, namely has significantly improved the work(of motor Rate density.Wherein, the width of the air gap delta between rotor and stator can be designed as δ=(0.25~0.5) in the present embodiment mm。

In order to further increase the power density of motor, the winding in the present embodiment on the adjacent stators tooth of stator also uses The opposite current control form of magnetic direction is generated, specific field form and principle ask the correlation in parameter above-described embodiment to be retouched It states, details are not described herein again.

It is a kind of schematic diagram of preferred inner rotor core to please refer to Fig.1 9, Figure 19, it is preferable that the rotor in the present embodiment Tooth both sides crown is likewise designed as the different structure of angle, about the structure feature of rotor tooth crown, please refers to above-mentioned reality The associated description in example is applied, details are not described herein again.

In addition, filler (figure label 600) can be equally set in rotor slot, and to reduce the air drag of rotor, figure It has only been indicated in although and has been provided with filler 600 at one, should be that filler 600 is all set in all rotor slots.And it closes In the technical characteristics such as the setting structure of filler 600 and material, the associated description in above-described embodiment is also please referred to, herein also It is not repeated.

One optimum embodiment of inner rotor core motor

Switched reluctance machines in the present embodiment include field spider, salient pole stator and drive control device etc., wherein are turned Son is 16 poles, stator is 24 slots.

It is 1/0.8 that the present embodiment, which takes the ratio between the width of rebate of stator and the width of stator tooth, and groove depth is 3 times of the facewidth.This Design effectively ensures that the stock utilization of motor is high, namely improves the power density of motor, and inhibits vibrations and noise.

The present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine, the width of rebate angle of the rotor of 16 poles and the ratio between the width of rotor tooth are 0.8, groove depth is 25 times of air gap delta.This design structure of rotor can make inductance than up to 7, and Conventional switched reluctance motor is only 2.5~4.5 or so can be reached.Since the output torque inductance of switched reluctance machines is bigger than high meaning, the output torque of motor is just Greatly, namely the power density of motor has been significantly improved.

A crown in two crowns of each rotor tooth of rotor is designed to obtuse angle simultaneously, another is acute angle. The section for the curve that then inductance of motor changes with corner becomes smaller, or even disappears.If motor is by the direction at obtuse angle sequentially to three Phase winding is powered, and can also significantly reduce the noise of motor.

The width of air gap delta between the rotor of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine, stator is δ=0.25mm, rotor The depth at tooth crown obtuse angle is 0.3mm, and the width at obtuse angle is the 1/6 of the width of rotor tooth.

ABC three-phase windings are wound on the tooth of the present embodiment stator, ABC three-phase windings are the three-phase windings for having midpoint.Three The distribution sequence of phase winding is respectively A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C- totally 24 The element of winding, three-phase windings respectively have 8 concatenated elements of winding；The element of winding using more insulated copper wires and around will thoroughly do away with more Edge copper wire is split into two halves, such 8 concatenated elements of winding, but formed and around two parts, altogether there are two line head end and two Line tail end, using one pair of which head end and tail end as the exit for the phase winding, then by another pair head end, tail end and after connecing, As the midpoint exit of the phase winding, therefore ABC three-phase windings are the three-phase windings for having midpoint.

Three-phase switch reluctance machine in the present embodiment is inserted with wedge to reduce air drag and noise in the slot of rotor The material of block, voussoir can be plastic and glass fibrous composite etc..

(6 are please referred to Fig.1 in the drive control circuit figure of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine), V1, V2, V3 difference It is the upper bridge arm power switch of A, B, C three-phase windings, collector connects the anode of power supply Us；Its emitter meets A, B, C tri- respectively The input terminal of phase winding, and being connected respectively with the cathode of fly-wheel diode VD4, VD5, VD6, then by fly-wheel diode VD4, The anode of VD5, VD6 connect the cathode of power supply Us.A, the output end of B, C three-phase windings, connect respectively lower bridge arm power switch V4, V5, The collector of V6, and being connected respectively with the anode of fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2, VD3, then by fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2, The cathode of VD3 connects the anode of power supply Us.And the emitter of power switch V4, V5, V6 connect the cathode (power ground) of power supply Us.Such as This constitutes the power driving circuit of common three-phase switch reluctance machine；A, the midpoint exit of B, C three-phase windings, respectively with it is auxiliary It helps the collector of power switch V7, V8, V9 to be connected, and is connected respectively with the anode of auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9, Then the anode that the cathode of fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9 will be assisted to meet power supply Us.

The drive control device of three-phase switch reluctance machine increases 3 auxiliary power switches and 3 auxiliary in the present embodiment Fly-wheel diode is back work state, when auxiliary power switch is stopped, for just when auxiliary power switch participates in work Normal working condition.When normal operating conditions, auxiliary power switch V7, V8, V9 shutdown is allowed to be stopped, threephase switch magnetic resistance electricity V1~V6 power switch of the drive control device of machine works normally, and can make A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine All devote oneself to work；When back work state, make the V1~V3 and V7~V9 of the drive control device of three-phase switch reluctance machine auxiliary Power switch is helped to work normally, and power switch V4, V5, V6 shutdown is stopped, and makes A, B, C of three-phase switch reluctance machine 1/2 the number of turns winding of three-phase windings is devoted oneself to work.When due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, motor Total number of turns is big, and the torque that motor generates is big, and rotating speed is low；When back work state, only 1/2 the number of turns of motor participates in work, electricity The torque of machine is small but rotating speed is high；The two cooperation realizes two grades of electrodeless variable-speeds.

When due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, and the total number of turns of motor is big, the torque that motor generates Greatly, rotating speed is low.When normal operating conditions, it can ensure slow-speed of revolution section, motor has a high efficiency platform, and rotating speed is close to high velocity Efficiency is lower gradually, and controller is switched to back work state according to speed feedback at this time.

When back work state, only 1/2 the number of turns of motor participates in work, and the torque of motor is small but rotating speed is high.Backman When making state, motor can ensure that there is high efficiency platform in high rotating speed section (4000~9000 revs/min), motor, although when turning The nearly low regime efficiency of quick access is lower gradually, but controller and is switched to normal operating conditions according to speed feedback at this time, obtains low The high efficiency platform of fast area's (0~4000 rev/min).As it can be seen that the cooperation of two kinds of working conditions realizes two grades of electrodeless variable-speeds, expand The high efficiency region in motor real work region is opened up.Therefore, the actual efficiency platform of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine Many wider than Conventional switched reluctance motor.

The present embodiment switched reluctance machines efficiency curve is specified in 125-50% nominal speed ranges, and in 50-300% In torque range, efficiency is not less than 86%, peak efficiency 97%.

Switched reluctance machines structure in the embodiment of the present invention effectively increases the power density of switched reluctance machines, reduces The torque ripple and noise of switched reluctance machines have especially wide efficiency operation region.

The present invention also provides a kind of wheel, which is driven using switched reluctance machines, and the switched reluctance machines are such as Switched reluctance machines described in preceding embodiment.

It should be noted that the above various embodiments belongs to same inventive concept, the description of each embodiment emphasizes particularly on different fields, Not detailed place, can refer to the description in other embodiment described in separate embodiment.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment is can It is completed with instructing relevant hardware by program, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, storage Medium may include：Flash disk, read-only memory (Read-OnlyMemory, ROM), random access device (RandomAccessMemory, RAM), disk or CD etc..

It is provided for the embodiments of the invention switched reluctance machines above and system is described in detail, it is used herein Principle and implementation of the present invention are described for specific case, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand The method and its core concept of the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, having There will be changes in body embodiment and application range, in conclusion the content of the present specification should not be construed as to the present invention Limitation.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines, it is characterised in that including shell and the rotor in shell and stator, institute It includes on circumferentially spaced multiple stator tooths and the stator slot between the stator tooth, the stator tooth to state stator It is wound with three-phase windings successively, current in opposite is connected on the winding of adjacent stators tooth, so that the magnetic field that adjacent winding generates Direction is opposite.

2. electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each in the three-phase windings Phase winding includes at least three exits, wherein at least three exit includes drawing positioned at two ends at winding both ends Outlet and among the winding precalculated position at least one middle part exit.

3. electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the switched reluctance machines are outer The default sub-motor of rotor or internal rotor external stator motor.

4. electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the rotor is turning for the poles 8 × n Son, the stator are the stator of 12 × n slots；Wherein, n is the positive integer more than or equal to 2.

5. electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the three-phase windings are each mutually equal Including three exits.

6. electronic automobile-used switched reluctance machines according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the precalculated position is described every The midpoint of one winding.

7. a kind of electronic automobile-used switched Reluctance Motor Control System, it is characterised in that any including driver and claim 2-6 Switched reluctance machines described in；The driver includes working condition selecting module, and the working condition selecting module is used for Select whole windings between two end exits of the three-phase windings or positioned at end exit and midpoint exit Between or midpoint exit between part work so that the switched reluctance machines realize the output of different torques.