CN108802796B - Compact type broadband beam position detector for proton synchrotron - Google Patents
Compact type broadband beam position detector for proton synchrotron Download PDFInfo
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- CN108802796B CN108802796B CN201810680195.7A CN201810680195A CN108802796B CN 108802796 B CN108802796 B CN 108802796B CN 201810680195 A CN201810680195 A CN 201810680195A CN 108802796 B CN108802796 B CN 108802796B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
- G01T1/2914—Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of beam diagnosis of particle accelerators, and particularly relates to a compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron; the problems that the conventional beam position detector is narrow in bandwidth, cannot meet the requirement of measuring circle by circle and occupies large accelerator space are solved; the technical solution of the invention is as follows: a compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron comprises a vacuum cavity, a sleeve, two right-angled triangular electrodes, a first grounding ring, a second grounding ring, a signal pickup device and an isolating ring. The vacuum cavity comprises a rectangular vacuum box and quick-connection flanges arranged at two ends of the rectangular vacuum box, a sleeve is sleeved inside the rectangular vacuum box, two right-angled triangle electrodes are arranged inside the sleeve, an isolating ring is arranged between the two right-angled triangle electrodes, and the isolating ring can move along the axial direction of the vacuum cavity. The invention is arranged in the correction iron of the proton synchrotron for irradiation or medical treatment, and is used for measuring the proton position and the closed orbit one by one.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of beam diagnosis of particle accelerators, in particular to a compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron.
Background
A beam position detector (BPM) is a measuring element necessary for running and debugging of an accelerator, and accurate circle-by-circle position and closed-track measurement has important significance for optimization and research of the accelerator. For a proton synchronous ring accelerator for irradiation or medical treatment, the high-frequency of the proton synchronous ring accelerator changes from hundreds of kilohertz to megahertz, the spectrum width of a beam reaches dozens of megahertz, and a detector has good broadband performance to realize the measurement of the position of the beam circle by circle.
The research finds that the BPM broadband performance is mainly determined by the dependence of BPM sensitivity and null shift on frequency, and the fundamental reason is determined by the coupling capacitance between BPM electrodes and the earth capacitance of the BPM electrodes, and the smaller the coupling capacitance and the earth capacitance, the better the detector broadband performance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the existing BPM mainly includes: vacuum chamber 101, sleeve 102, right triangle electrode 103, first ground ring 104, second ground ring 105, signal pickup 106. The vacuum chamber 101 is provided with connecting flanges at both ends thereof for connecting with other components of the proton synchrotron. A sleeve 102 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 101, at least two right-angled triangular electrodes 103 are arranged in the sleeve 102, an inter-electrode gap 107 is arranged between the two right-angled triangular electrodes 103, the right-angled triangular electrodes 103 are groove-shaped, the bottom surface of each right-angled triangular electrode 103 is rectangular, the two side surfaces of each right-angled triangular electrode are right-angled triangular, and a signal pickup 106 is arranged on the bottom surface of each right-angled triangular electrode. The grounding rings 104 and 105 are arranged at two ends of the right-angled triangular electrode 103, so that the capacitance difference of the BPM electrode pair is reduced. Because all the bolt heads in the sleeve 102 are required to be lower than the inner surface of the right-angled triangle electrode 103, the bottom surface and the side surfaces of the right-angled triangle electrode 103 are provided with counter bores, the side surfaces of the two grounding rings are also provided with counter bores, and the bolts used on the right-angled triangle electrode 103 and the two grounding rings are both countersunk bolts.
Because the gap 107 between two right triangle electrodes 103 of the existing BPM is provided, the coupling capacitance between the BPM electrodes is large, and because the assembly error easily causes the capacitance difference, the bandwidth of the BPM is narrow, the BPM is only suitable for closed-track measurement and can not meet the requirement of accurate circle-by-circle measurement, and the existing BPM has large volume and needs to be independently arranged in a synchrotron, so the occupied space is also large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively solve the problems that the conventional beam position detector has narrow bandwidth, cannot meet the requirement of measuring the position circle by circle and occupies large space of an accelerator, the invention provides a compact wide-band beam position detector for a proton synchrotron.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron, comprising: vacuum cavity, sleeve, two right triangle electrodes, first ground loop, second ground loop, signal pickup, its special character lies in: the device also comprises an isolating ring; the vacuum cavity comprises a rectangular vacuum box and quick-connection flanges arranged at two ends of the rectangular vacuum box; a sleeve is sleeved in the rectangular vacuum box; two right-angled triangular electrodes are arranged in the sleeve; and an isolating ring matched with the interelectrode gap is arranged in the interelectrode gap of the two right-angled triangular electrodes, and the isolating ring can move along the axial direction of the vacuum cavity.
Furthermore, in order to adjust the isolating ring more conveniently and realize electric connection, a supporting sleeve is arranged between the isolating ring and the sleeve, a waist-shaped hole is axially formed in the isolating ring, and a bolt penetrates through the waist-shaped hole and the supporting sleeve and then is fastened on the sleeve.
Further, for better compensation of capacitance tolerance, the position of the isolating ring can be adjusted within a range of ± 1.5 mm.
Furthermore, in order to ensure more reliable electrode positioning, the beam position detector also comprises an insulating positioning assembly arranged between the right-angle triangular electrode and the sleeve; insulating locating component includes ceramic post and ceramic gasket, the ceramic post is the notch cuttype, and the centre is equipped with the through-hole, and in the counter sink of ceramic post tip insertion sleeve side, the second countersunk head bolt passed behind right triangle electrode, ceramic post and the ceramic gasket through nut and sleeve fastening.
Furthermore, the number of the insulation positioning assemblies is n, wherein n is more than or equal to 3.
Further, for higher processing precision, the right-angle triangular electrode is formed by folding a trapezoidal thin stainless steel plate.
Furthermore, the distance between the right-angled triangle electrode and the first and second grounding rings is 2 mm.
Furthermore, the support sleeve is made of stainless steel.
Further, in order to achieve better sealing performance, a sealing knife edge is arranged on the end face of the quick-connection flange and used for being matched with a copper gasket to achieve vacuum sealing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the beam position detector weakens the coupling between electrodes by arranging the isolating ring, and can compensate the earth capacitance tolerance of the electrodes by adjusting the position of the isolating ring, so that the detector has good broadband performance, can realize accurate measurement within the range of 0-60 MHz, and can realize accurate circle-by-circle position measurement; the beam position detector adopts a three-layer compact structure, and a vacuum box of the beam position detector is rectangular and can be directly placed in a correcting iron, so that the beam position detector occupies small space of an accelerator.
2. The isolating ring is provided with the waist-shaped hole, and the bolt is only required to be slightly unscrewed when the position of the isolating ring is adjusted, so that the operation is more convenient.
3. The adjustable range of the position of the isolating ring is +/-1.5 mm, the earth capacitance tolerance of the two right-angle triangular electrodes caused by machining or installation errors and the like can be compensated, the corresponding capacitance deviation adjusting capacity is 3.4pF, and the electrode capacitance difference is smaller.
4. The ceramic column is of a step type and is inserted into the sleeve, so that the positioning is more reliable.
5. The right-angled triangle electrode is formed by folding a trapezoidal thin stainless steel plate, so that the processing precision is higher.
6. The electric connection adopted by the beam position detector is realized through threaded connection or elastic compression, welding is not needed, and the manufacturing process is simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional beam position detector;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the connection of the signal detector to the right-angled triangular electrode in this embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the extraction electrode in this embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a connection diagram of the insulation positioning assembly in this embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the right-angled triangular electrode in this embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a spacer ring in this embodiment;
FIG. 10 is an assembly view of the embodiment with a correction iron;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 101-vacuum chamber, 102-sleeve, 103-right triangle electrode, 104-first ground ring, 105-second ground ring, 106-signal pickup, 107-inter-electrode gap, 201-vacuum chamber, 202-sleeve, 203-right triangle electrode, 204-first ground ring, 205-second ground ring, 206-signal pickup, 207-isolation ring, 208-rectangular vacuum box, 209-quick-connect flange, 210-inter-electrode gap, 211-support sleeve, 212-kidney-shaped hole, 213-bolt, 214-insulation positioning component, 215-ceramic post, 216-ceramic gasket, 217-first counter bore, 218-first counter-head bolt, 219-nut, 220-connection flange, 221-connection tube, 222-leading-out electrode, 223-second countersunk bolt, 224-electrode bottom surface, 225-cross recess, 226-coaxial joint, 227-third countersunk bolt, 228-electrode side surface, 229-second countersunk hole, 230-corrective iron.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the beam position detector includes a vacuum chamber 201, a sleeve 202, two right-angled triangular electrodes 203, an isolation ring 207, a first ground ring 204, a second ground ring 205, an insulating positioning assembly 214, and a signal pickup 206.
The outermost side of the beam position detector is provided with a vacuum cavity 201, the vacuum cavity 201 comprises a rectangular vacuum box 208 and quick-connection flanges 209 connected to the two ends of the rectangular vacuum box 208, the end faces of the quick-connection flanges 209 contain sealing knife edge characteristics, the quick-connection flanges are used for being matched with copper gaskets to achieve vacuum sealing, and the structure is convenient and quick to detach. A connecting flange 220 for fixing the signal pickup 206 is arranged on the side surface of the vacuum chamber 201, and the connecting flange 220 is fixed on the side wall of the vacuum chamber through a connecting pipe 221; the rectangular vacuum box 208 is sleeved with the sleeve 202, and the sleeve 202 is fastened on the side wall of the rectangular vacuum box 208.
Two right-angled triangular electrodes 203 are arranged in the sleeve 202, the right-angled triangular electrodes 203 are made of stainless steel materials, and the beam position is calculated according to the magnitude of induced current of the two right-angled triangular electrodes 203; the surface of the right-angled triangular electrode 203 is provided with 11 countersunk holes, 10 of which are used for connecting with the ceramic posts 215, and the rest 1 of which are used for connecting with the extraction electrode 222.
Two ends of the two right-angled triangle electrodes 203 are respectively provided with a first grounding ring 204 and a second grounding ring 205, the two grounding rings are fastened on the sleeve 202 through a second countersunk head bolt 223, and the distance between the two grounding rings and the right-angled triangle electrodes 203 is 2 mm.
A spacer ring 207 is arranged in an interelectrode gap 210 of the two right-angled triangular electrodes 203, the spacer ring 207 and the sleeve 202 are fastened through a bolt 213 and are electrically connected through a support sleeve 211 arranged on the bolt 213; the material of the support sleeve 211 is stainless steel, which ensures that the isolation ring 207 is grounded. Since the spacer ring 207 and the sleeve 202 are fastened by the bolts 213, the bolts 213 need only be slightly loosened to adjust the position of the spacer ring 207.
The signal pickups 206 are disposed on both electrode bottom surfaces 224, and the signal pickups 206 are fixed to the connecting flange 220.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the signal pickup 206 includes an extraction pole 222 and a coaxial connector 226, one end of the extraction pole 222 is electrically connected with the right-angled triangular electrode 203, and the other end is drilled with an inner hole and then cut into a cross-shaped groove 225, and is electrically connected with the coaxial connector 226; the extraction electrode 222 is made of beryllium bronze, has good elasticity, and can tightly clamp the inner core of the coaxial interface 226. When the coaxial connector is installed, the right-angled triangular electrode 203 and the extraction electrode 222 are fastened by the third countersunk head bolt 227, the coaxial connector 226 is sleeved with the copper gasket, and then the copper gasket is inserted into the hole with the cross groove 225 of the extraction electrode 222, and because the diameter of the inner hole of the extraction electrode 222 is slightly smaller than that of the inner core of the coaxial connector 226, the inner core of the coaxial connector 226 is continuously pressed by the extraction electrode 222 when the flange of the coaxial connector 226 is screwed down, so that reliable electric connection is realized.
As shown in fig. 7, an insulating positioning assembly 214 is arranged between the right-angled triangular electrode 203 and the sleeve 202, and the insulating positioning assembly 214 comprises a ceramic post 215 and a ceramic gasket 216; the ceramic column 215 is a stepped shaft, a through hole is formed in the center of the stepped shaft, the small end of the stepped shaft is inserted into a first counter bore 217 of the sleeve 202, the distance between the right-angled triangular electrode 203 and the sleeve 202 is completely determined by the length of the large end of the ceramic column 215, tolerance is guaranteed more easily, the first counter bolt 218 penetrates through the right-angled triangular electrode 203, the ceramic column 215, the sleeve 202 and the ceramic gasket 216 in sequence and then is fastened with the sleeve 202 through a nut 219, and the ceramic column 215 and the ceramic gasket 216 can guarantee insulation between the right-angled triangular electrode 203 and the sleeve 202.
As shown in fig. 8, the right-angled triangular electrode 203 is formed by bending a trapezoidal thin plate, and has a groove shape, the bottom surface 224 of the electrode is rectangular, the two side surfaces 228 of the electrode are right-angled triangular, and the bottom surface 224 and the side surfaces 228 of the electrode are both provided with second counter bores 229.
As shown in fig. 9, the cross section of the isolating ring 207 is a diamond, the waist-shaped holes 212 are axially formed in four side surfaces of the isolating ring 207, the width of the isolating ring 207 is 7mm, the effective length of each waist-shaped hole 212 is 3mm, the position adjustable range of the isolating ring 207 is ± 1.5mm, and the corresponding capacitance deviation adjusting capacity is 3.4 pF.
As shown in fig. 10, the entire detector is placed within the corrector iron 230, mounted as a unit with the corrector iron on the accelerator beam line.
According to the compact broadband beam position detector for the proton synchrotron accelerator, the adjustable isolation ring 207 is arranged, so that electrode coupling is weakened, and the position of the isolation ring 207 can be adjusted to compensate the electrode ground capacitance tolerance, so that the detector has good broadband performance; the detector has compact mechanical structure, the volume is equivalent to that of the vacuum pipeline, and the detector can be arranged in the correcting iron 230; the detector is electrically connected by using bolts or tightly pressed, so that welding in the assembly process is avoided, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the assembly and disassembly are convenient.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron, comprising: vacuum chamber (201), sleeve (202), two right triangle-shaped electrodes (203), first ground ring (204), second ground ring (205), signal pickup (206), its characterized in that:
the device also comprises an isolation ring (207) and an insulation positioning component (214); the vacuum cavity (201) comprises a rectangular vacuum box (208) and quick-connection flanges (209) arranged at two ends of the rectangular vacuum box (208); a sleeve (202) is sleeved in the rectangular vacuum box (208); two right-angled triangular electrodes (203) are arranged inside the sleeve (202);
an isolating ring (207) matched with the inter-electrode gap (210) is arranged in the inter-electrode gap (210) of the two right-angled triangular electrodes (203), and the isolating ring (207) can move along the axial direction of the vacuum cavity (201);
a support sleeve (211) is arranged between the isolating ring (207) and the sleeve (202), a waist-shaped hole (212) is axially arranged on the isolating ring (207), and a bolt (213) passes through the waist-shaped hole (212) and the support sleeve (211) and then is fastened on the sleeve (202);
the insulating positioning assembly (214) is arranged between the right-angled triangular electrode (203) and the sleeve (202); insulating locating component (214) includes ceramic post (215) and ceramic gasket (216), ceramic post (215) are the notch cuttype, and the centre is equipped with the through-hole, and in the tip of ceramic post (215) inserted first counter bore (217) of sleeve (202) side, and fastening through nut (219) and sleeve (202) behind first countersunk head bolt (218) passing right angle triangle-shaped electrode (203), ceramic post (215) and ceramic gasket (216) in proper order.
2. A compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron as recited in claim 1, wherein: the axial movement range of the isolating ring (207) is +/-1.5 mm.
3. A compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron as recited in claim 2, wherein: the number of the insulating positioning components (214) is n, wherein n is more than or equal to 3.
4. A compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron as recited in claim 3, wherein: the right-angle triangular electrode (203) is formed by folding a trapezoidal thin stainless steel plate.
5. The compact broadband beam position detector for the proton synchrotron of claim 4, wherein: the distance between the right-angle triangular electrode (203) and the first grounding ring (204) and the distance between the right-angle triangular electrode and the second grounding ring (205) are both 2 mm.
6. The compact broadband beam position detector for the proton synchrotron of claim 5, wherein: the supporting sleeve (211) is made of stainless steel.
7. A compact broadband beam position detector for a proton synchrotron as recited in any of claims 1-6, wherein: and a sealing knife edge is arranged on the end face of the quick-connection flange (209) and is used for being matched with a copper gasket to realize vacuum sealing.
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| CN201810680195.7A CN108802796B (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Compact type broadband beam position detector for proton synchrotron |
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| CN201810680195.7A CN108802796B (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Compact type broadband beam position detector for proton synchrotron |
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| CN108802796B true CN108802796B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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