CN108802445A - A kind of program controled power source and method of intelligent grid digitizer qualification - Google Patents
A kind of program controled power source and method of intelligent grid digitizer qualification Download PDFInfo
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- CN108802445A CN108802445A CN201710146051.9A CN201710146051A CN108802445A CN 108802445 A CN108802445 A CN 108802445A CN 201710146051 A CN201710146051 A CN 201710146051A CN 108802445 A CN108802445 A CN 108802445A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/28—Provision in measuring instruments for reference values, e.g. standard voltage, standard waveform
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of program controled power source of intelligent grid digitizer qualification, the rogowski coil mutual inductances device and iron-core coil mutual inductor are mounted on primary coil；The signal sampling device output end of rogowski coil mutual inductance devices is connect by digital integrator with mutual inductance self-correcting instrument；The signal sampling device output end of iron-core coil mutual inductor is connect with mutual inductance self-correcting instrument; also disclose method of calibration; program controled power source generates waveform signal using high-precision D/A cards; and carry out power amplification with high-power voltage amplifier, high-power electric current amplifier; Self-Protection Subsystem is intelligently overheated by power amplifier, effectively increases the reliability and service life of program controled power source.Therefore program controled power source has the characteristics that standardization, intelligence, high reliability, high-performance, meets a variety of demands of intelligent grid correlated digital equipment performance verification.
Description
Technical field
It is for intelligent grid correlated digital equipment performance the invention belongs to intelligent grid equipment dependability testing field
Verification provides high reliability, the high-performance of required various three-phase voltages, current power signal or other test desired signals
Program controled power source.
Background technology
2012, national smart grid construction had gone up as national strategy, in the great scientific and technological industrialization engineering of intelligent grid
Under " 12th Five-Year Plan " ad hoc planning pushes, China has completed the construction of thousands of digital intelligent substations at present.It is same with this
When, digitizer starts large-scale application, and the mode of electrical energy measurement is also changed into the modern times from traditional analog signal metering
The digitalized electric energy metering based on IEC61850 digital communication protocols changed.With digital intelligent Substation Automation System
Popularization and engineering construction, digitizer is also more and more extensive in the application of substation, the function to digitizer and property
It can require higher and higher.
Currently, the digital electrical energy measurement structure based on digitizer gradually starts to replace traditional electrical energy measurement pattern,
But people are deep not enough to the research of the hardware composition of digitizer, function module, data transmission and data processing method
Enter.Certain pilot projects therein do not fully consider the own characteristic and practical operation situation of digitizer, to number
It is not comprehensive enough to change the test of equipment metering performance, leads to digitizer in operation and can still encounter more metering correlation to ask
Topic.
Currently, there is an urgent need for carrying out digitizer metering performance appraisement system key technology research, and program controled power source can be with
For intelligent grid correlated digital equipment performance verification provide required various three-phase voltages, current power signal or other
Desired signal is tested, has the characteristics that standardization, intelligence, high reliability, high-performance, it is Targets to meet digitizer
The a variety of demands that can be tested.Program controled power source ensure that the test of digitizer metering performance provides indispensable signal source and pushes
Related key technical research can fast and accurately be implemented, the development tool of practical application and intelligent grid to digital electrical energy measurement
It is significant.
Invention content
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention is provided as intelligent grid correlated digital equipment
Qualification provides the program controled power source of required various three-phase voltages, current power signal or other test desired signals,
It especially proposes Rogowski coil and iron-core coil measurement in a closed series unit and fuzzy feedback control algorithm improves output
The high efficiency power amplifier of signal stabilization and accuracy and adaptive power supply designs and based on more physical parameter model
The designs such as overheat Self-Protection Subsystem are to ensure the intelligentized reliability and service life for improving invention.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes：
A kind of program controled power source of intelligent grid digitizer qualification, including primary coil, rogowski coils
Mutual inductor, iron-core coil mutual inductor, digital integrator and mutual inductance self-correcting instrument, the rogowski coil mutual inductances device and
Iron-core coil mutual inductor is mounted on primary coil；The signal sampling output end of rogowski coil mutual inductance devices is by number product
Device is divided to be connect with mutual inductance self-correcting instrument；The signal sampling output end of iron-core coil mutual inductor connects with mutual inductance self-correcting instrument
It connects.
The digital integrator is integrated attenuation and exports the digital integrator of DC isolation.
Its method verified includes the following steps：
The first step uses Rogowski using coil current mutual inductor as normalized current sensor first；Accurate noninductive resistance
Partial pressure acquires program controled power source output waveform as normal voltage sensor；
The voltage of detection, current signal and normalized current, voltage signal are fed back to fuzzy-adaptation PID control by second step simultaneously
System constitutes closed loop feedback control, keeps output more accurate and stablizes；
Third step, the electric current of closed loop feedback control output, voltage signal export analog signal through high-precision D/A cards；
4th step, analog signal are amplified through power amplifier generates A, B, C three-phase voltage, current power signal.
Technical solution using the present invention, high-precision Rogowski coil current transformer as normalized current sensor,
Accurate noninductive resistance partial pressure acquires program controled power source output waveform as normal voltage sensor；Voltage, the current signal of detection
Fuzzy PID Control System is fed back to simultaneously with normalized current, voltage signal, is constituted closed loop feedback control, is kept output more accurate
And stabilization；Electric current, the voltage signal of closed loop feedback control output export analog signal through high-precision D/A cards；Analog signal passes through
Power amplifier amplification generates A, B, C three-phase voltage, current power signal.
Compared with the prior art, acquisition of technology effect of the present invention is：
This power source is using high-precision Rogowski coil (Rogowski coil and iron-core coil measurement in a closed series unit) electricity
Current transformer is as normalized current sensor
This power source can reach 0.1% measurement accuracy using precision resistance partial pressure as normal voltage sensor, frequency band and
Response meets the requirements；
A kind of new digital based on direct current offset analysis and negative feedback control is devised in high-precision Rogowski coil
Integral algorithm and based on integrated attenuation and output DC isolation new digital integral algorithm new digital integral algorithm product
Divide device to ensure high precision；
The power signal generator software output control module of this power source uses high-precision D/A cards and fuzzy-adaptation PID control
System constitutes closed loop feedback control, keeps output more accurate and stablizes.
Overheat protecting system intelligence of this power source with adaptive power supply power amplifier and based on more physical parameter models
The raising service life and performance of change.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 show principle of the invention block diagram；
Fig. 2 show the high precision current transformer schematic diagram based on Rogowski coil and iron-core coil in the present invention；
Fig. 3 show Rogowski coil schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 4 show analogue integrator of the present invention；
Fig. 5 show the new digital integral algorithm based on direct current offset analysis and negative feedback control in the present invention and designs
Figure；
Fig. 6 show in the present invention new digital integral algorithm design drawing based on integrated attenuation and output DC isolation；
Fig. 7 show fuzzy controller functional block diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 8 show PID control schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 9 show the band adaptive power supply power amplifier realization principle block diagram of the present invention；
Figure 10 show D/A cards small voltage output and power control signal output curve diagram；
Figure 11 show the output of D/A card imbalance of three-phase voltage and power control signal output curve diagram；
Figure 12 show the overheat protecting system software flow pattern the present invention is based on more physical parameter models；
Figure 13 show the fever model figure of power amplifier；
Figure 14 show the heat transmission illustraton of model of power amplifier.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments,
The present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, technology involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below is special
Sign can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Embodiment：
The present invention carries out specific embodiment party so that program controled power source exports corresponding three-phase current, voltage power signals as an example
The explanation of formula.Specific implementation step is as follows：
Program controled power source software is may be programmed as shown in Figure 1, being developed the present invention is based on LabVIEW virtual instruments, generates three-phase
Voltage, current waveform signal or random waveform signal, using high-precision D/A cards export analog signal, through power amplification generate A,
B, C three-phase voltages, current power signal.High-precision Rogowski coil current transformer is designed to sense as normalized current
Device, accurate noninductive resistance partial pressure acquire power waveform generator output waveform as normal voltage sensor, and with fuzzy
PID control system adjusts output, ensures the Stability and veracity of power signal output.High-precision Rogowski coil electric current
Mutual inductor integrates the output of PCB design Rogowski coil with new digital integrator, to restore tested current signal
Waveform improves Rogowski coil Accuracy Class of Current Transformer and stability.Since Rogowski coil is easy once to be led
Line position influences, and long-time stability are poor, designs under low frequency, mutual to Rogowski coil electric current with iron-core coil mutual inductor
The mutual inductance of sensor is corrected.Rogowski coil Accuracy Class of Current Transformer is further increased by automatic correcting method,
As standard transducer for measuring electric current output.The voltage of detection, that current signal also feeds back to power signal generator is soft
Part output control module constitutes closed loop feedback control, keeps output more accurate and stablizes.
According to S1, since Rogowski coil is easy to be influenced by a lead location, long-time stability are poor, if
It counts under low frequency, the mutual inductance of Rogowski coil current transformer is corrected with iron-core coil mutual inductor.By certainly
Bearing calibration further increases Rogowski coil Accuracy Class of Current Transformer, defeated for measuring electric current as standard transducer
Go out.Its key feature as shown in Fig. 2, using iron-core coil accuracy it is high, do not influenced by conductor position the advantages of, in 50Hz
It when electric current, uses the output of iron-core coil as standard, and analyzes the mutual inductance error of Rogowski coil, if error is excessive,
The mutual inductance of Rogowski coils is calibrated in time.After Rogowski coil is calibrated, with Rogowski lines
Circle is used as standard current transformer, for measuring the current signal in broad frequency range.
According to S1, integrator is very heavy in high accuracy Rogowski coil current transducer signal processing procedure
The link wanted.According to fig. 3 and likesThe output of Rogowski coils is the differential signal of tested electric current,
Rogowski output signals cannot directly react the waveform of tested electric current, need the output for connecing integrator to Rogowski coil
Signal integration, to restore and the directly proportional waveform of tested current signal.Therefore, high accuracy Rogowski coil electricity
Current transformer be unable to do without high accuracy, the integrator design of high stability.
The feedback resistance larger using a resistance value in parallel in integrating capacitor general at present, as shown in Figure 4.Feedback electricity
Resistance can provide feedback channel for bias voltage, therefore can effectively inhibit the influence of bias voltage.When the resistance value foot of feedback resistance
When enough big, the response of this integrator is close to ideal integrator.Due to the presence of feedback resistance, the integrator is to low frequency signal
Amplification factor is very big, after some time it is possible to reach many times of power frequency component amplification factor, therefore low-frequency interference signal may influence
To the normal work of integrating circuit.In order to inhibit low-frequency disturbance, there is scholar to improve integrator.
The amplitude-frequency response of integrating circuit with feedback resistance can be preferable in entire frequency range and true integral
It is close, but the problem is that low-frequency gain is excessive, for integrating circuit input terminal minimum low frequency or direct current signal, all
Can be greatly enlarged times, cause product to go out saturation.Improve low-frequency gain integrating circuit amplitude-versus-frequency curve and ideal when frequency is higher
Integral coincide, and decreases than first two integrating circuit in low-band gain, but does not completely eliminate low-frequency range to product
The influence that parallel circuit is brought.In addition, improved two kinds of circuits are effect is bad compared with true integral in terms of phase-frequency response, no
Just it is 90 ° of phase as ideal integrator.Also researcher devises the integrating circuit based on low-pass filter,
The low frequency characteristic of integrator is can obviously improve, but its phase-frequency response curve is caused to increase with true integral gap, is needed to phase
Position is adjusted.
According to S2, therefore high-precision Rogowski coil current transformer uses new digital integral algorithm to PCB
Design Rogowski coil output is integrated, and to restore tested current signal waveform, improves Rogowski coil Current Mutual Inductance
Device accuracy and stability.Based on this design with the new digital integral algorithm based on direct current offset analysis and negative feedback control
The new digital integral algorithm designed with the new digital integral algorithm based on integrated attenuation and output DC isolation can be more
Good is applied to Rogowski coil mutual inductor.
According to S3, using the new digital integral algorithm based on direct current offset analysis and negative feedback control：In order to gram
Take influence of the DC component to digital integration in signal, it is proposed that a kind of improvement Al-Alaoui based on direct current negative-feedback principle
Integral algorithm eliminates the constant DC component in digital integration input signal by way of negative-feedback, to reduce digital product
The error divided.Principle is as shown in figure 5, e1 (t) is the input signal of A/D converter, wherein may contain DC component. e2
(t) it is the output signal of digital integrator, it is straight in digital integrator output due to the influence of DC component in input signal
Flow component can add up, and cause the DC component in e2 (t) much larger than the DC component in e1 (t).E3 (t) is digital integrator
DC component in output signal can be extracted by low-pass filter.E4 (t) is finally to eliminate DC component influence
Output signal.
According to S3, using the new digital integral algorithm based on integrated attenuation and output DC isolation：For Al-
Alaoui integral algorithms can carry out input signal DC component integral accumulation case, propose based on integrated attenuation and defeated
The new digital integral algorithm for going out DC isolation introduces decay coefficient K [113], and the new digital integral algorithm of design is
Work as e2-DC(T)-Ke2-DC(T-10)=10e1-DC(T) when, the decaying of output DC component caused by decay coefficient K
Equal to input signal DC component when, design new digital integral output direct current offset be up to stationary value, will not continue to
Increase to infinite.At this point, digital integration output signal direct current offset is：
e2-DC(T)=e1-DC(T)/(1-K) (3-24)
With iir filter and DC content analysis module (designing same 3.3.1), the straight of integral output signal is extracted
Flow component subtracts direct current signal with subtracter, i.e.,
e3(kT)=e2(kT)-e2-DC(kT) (3-25)
Detailed design is as shown in Figure 6.The new digital integrator of design prevents integral defeated by introducing decay coefficient K
Go out the accumulation of e2 (kT) direct current offset to infinity, then by exporting the design of DC isolation, automatically by the stabilization in e2 (kT)
Direct-flow offset weight be kept to 0.For the transient state attenuating dc component that itself may contain in input signal, IIR low pass filtereds
Wave device and DC content analysis module can filter out the DC waveform of the decaying of this transient state, will not be filtered out, output signal
For complete transient-wave.
According to S1, voltage, the current signal of detection also feed back to power signal generator software output control mould
Block constitutes closed loop feedback control, keeps output more accurate and stablizes.Fuzzy controller functional block diagram is as shown in fig. 7, wherein
What standard current signal sampling was used is the normalized current sampling unit calibrated based on Rogowski coil mutual inductance, standard
What voltage sample used is precision resistance partial pressure.Input is digital quantity, through PCI6733 high-precision D/A card output signals, then
It is exported after high-power voltage amplifier and the amplification of high-power electric current amplifier.PCI4472 high-precision As/D cards acquire output signal, change
It is used to export Rogowski coil into Al-Alaoui arithmetic of digital integral and carries out digital integration, reduction current waveform.Iron core
Coil signal samples and the sampling of measuring resistance divider is then sent directly into fuzzy controller.Entire control system realizes
Full-digital control, fuzzy-adaptation PID control and Detection task, Rogowski arithmetic of digital integral are to be completed by software, and set
Faulty alarm and defencive function.System hardware circuit is simple, at low cost, and reliability is high.
S8：According to S7, fuzzy controller is by computer implemented, using digital IIR filters mode.
PID controller is controlled by ratio, integration control and differential control three parts and form, and is a second order lead and lag correction dress
It sets.PID controller has the features such as simple, to be easy to parameter tuning, is used widely in the industrial production.So-called PID control
Be proportional-integral-differential (PID) control be by the ratio (P) of deviation, integral (I) and differential (D) be made up of linear combination
Controlled quentity controlled variable controls controlled process, and basic principle is as shown in Figure 8.
Deviation e (t) is constituted to customization r (t) and real output value y (t)：
E (t)=r (t)-y (t)
PID control rule：
Its transmission function form：
In formula：KP is proportionality coefficient；TI is integration time constant；TD is derivative time constant.
Proportional component generates control action according to the proportional regulating system controlled quentity controlled variable of departure, with this, reduces deviation.
Integral element for eliminating static difference, improve system without margin.Differentiation element is according to the variation tendency regulating system control of departure
Amount processed introduced the correction signal of an early stage in advance before deviation signal has greatly changed, and it is dynamic to get quickening system
Make speed, reduces the effect of regulating time.
As shown in Figure 1, after signal synthesizes, current signal and voltage signal are enlarged by power amplifier.Its
In, using high current linear amplifier PA12A power amplifiers, output rated value is 5A or 1A, output current for current signal amplification
Ranging from ± 9A；Voltage signal amplification using high voltage linear amplifier PA91 power amplifiers, output rated value be 100V or
57.7V, output voltage range are ± 180V.It is the stability of current amplification and voltage power amplifier, reliable in program controled power source design
Property, it is directly related to the performance of program controled power source.Therefore, using the high efficiency power amplifier with adaptive power supply and based on more
The overheat protecting system of physical parameter model ensures the safe and stable operation of power discharging device.
According to S6, its functional block diagram of the high efficiency power amplifier with adaptive power supply as shown in figure 9, with
Output voltage source power amplifier power supply control signal US-u, CH1, CH2, CH3 are logical in the channels LabVIEW software-driven D/A card CH0
Road exports three-phase voltage waveform uA (t), uB (t), uC (t), and the channels CH4 output current source power amplifier power supply controls signal US-
I, CH5, CH6, CH7 channel three-phase current waveform iA (t), iB (t), iC (t), meanwhile, out-put supply control signal (US-u,
US-i)。
By taking three-phase voltage source as an example, when output voltage amplitude is smaller, D/A cards export the power supply signal of low amplitude value simultaneously
US-u, as shown in Figure 10；When output voltage amplitude is larger, D/A cards export the power supply signal of amplitude simultaneously.Shown in Figure 11
To simulate imbalance of three-phase voltage operating mode, maximum amplitude phase is subject in the setting of power control signal.To ensure that waveform does not lose
Very, it is set in software
Us-u=1.2Up
(3-46)
Wherein UpFor in A, B, C three-phase waveform, a phase of amplitude maximum.
According to S6, the overheat protecting system strategic process figure based on more physical parameter models is as shown in figure 12.To journey
The operation principle of control power source carry out analysis can be obtained voltage source use and the fever model of current source power amplifier respectively such as
Shown in Figure 13 (1), (2).
Figure 13 (1) is the fever model of voltage source power amplifier, and V1 is the operating voltage of power amplifier, R1For
Its load resistance, V2For the output voltage of voltage source；Figure 13 (2) is the fever model of current source power amplifier, V3For work(
The operating voltage of rate amplifier, R2For the sample resistance in current source circuit, R5For the load resistance of current source, I2For current source
It is defeated
Go out electric current, then the dissipated power point of voltage source power amplifier and current source power amplifier
It is not：
P2=I2·(V3-R2I2-R3I2)=I2V2-(R2+R3)I2 2(3-48) voltage source power amplifier and electric current
The heat part that source power amplifier generates radiates by the cooling fin installed additional, and another part passes through fan cooling, remaining
Part will promote power amplifier temperature to increase.Heat transmission model of the voltage with current source power amplifier can be obtained
Respectively as shown in Figure 14 (1), (2).Ru1、RI1What is indicated is that heat is formed from power amplifier through cooling fin transmission heat
Thermal resistance, RU2、RI2To be formed by thermal resistance, C to surrounding air heat dissipation by fanU1、CU2Respectively current source is put with power
The thermal capacity of big device and voltage source.Real time temperature T of the voltage source with current source power amplifier can be calculated from aboveU、
TIRespectively:
It can be obtained after above-mentioned two formula is carried out discrete parsing
Wherein：
RUqFor the equivalent thermal resistance of voltage source power amplifier, tUqFor its thermal time constant, RIqIt is put with power for current source
The equivalent thermal resistance of big device, tIqFor its thermal time constant.Formula (3-47), (3-48) substitution formula (3-51), (3-52) can be obtained,
With environment temperature (can be measured by temperature sensor) for initial temperature, occur in conjunction with multichannel power-type random waveform
The run time of device is iterated to calculate by above-mentioned two formula and can calculate voltage source and use and current source power amplifier
Real-time temperature values.The real time temperature of software automatic decision power amplifier carries out corresponding overheat if more than protection temperature and protects
Shield strategy.
The above is only the specific implementation mode of program controled power source of the present invention, make skilled artisans appreciate that
Or realize the present invention, it can be using the present invention as intelligent grid IEC61850 Protocol Digital equipment according to claims
The power source of dependence test, a variety of modifications carried out for this civilization example are apparent to those skilled in the art
, the method applied in the present invention and principle can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, in others
It is realized in example.Therefore, the present invention will not be restricted to case study on implementation shown in this article, and be to fit to it is disclosed herein
The principle widest range consistent with features of novelty.
Finally illustrating, the above is only embodiment, only illustrates technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although
With reference to embodiment to the detailed description that carries out of the present invention, the general technical staff of this field should be appreciated that all the present invention's
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc. made by within spirit and principle, should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of program controled power source of intelligent grid digitizer qualification, including primary coil, rogowski coils are mutual
Sensor, iron-core coil mutual inductor, digital integrator and mutual inductance self-correcting instrument, it is characterised in that：The rogowski coils
Mutual inductor and iron-core coil mutual inductor are mounted on primary coil；The signal sampling device output end of rogowski coil mutual inductance devices
It is connect with mutual inductance self-correcting instrument by digital integrator；The signal sampling device output end of iron-core coil mutual inductor and mutual inductance system
Number self-correcting instrument connection.
2. a kind of program controled power source of intelligent grid digitizer qualification according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The digital integrator is integrated attenuation and exports the digital integrator of DC isolation.
3. a kind of method of intelligent grid digitizer qualification, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
The first step uses Rogowski using coil current mutual inductor as normalized current sensor first；Accurate noninductive resistance partial pressure
Program controled power source output waveform is acquired as normal voltage sensor；
The voltage of detection, current signal and normalized current, voltage signal are fed back to Fuzzy PID Control System by second step simultaneously,
Closed loop feedback control is constituted, keep output more accurate and is stablized；
Third step, the electric current of closed loop feedback control output, voltage signal export analog signal through high-precision D/A cards；
4th step, analog signal are amplified through power amplifier generates A, B, C three-phase voltage, current power signal.
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| CN113655261A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-16 | 南通大学 | Novel nested micro-current transformer and use method thereof |
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| CN113433502A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-24 | 武汉市华英电力科技有限公司 | Capacitance and inductance tester calibration method and device based on waveform simulation |
| CN113655261A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-16 | 南通大学 | Novel nested micro-current transformer and use method thereof |
| CN113655261B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-12-22 | 南通大学 | Nested micro-current transformer and use method thereof |
| CN116577536A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-11 | 烟台东方威思顿电气有限公司 | Three-phase alternating current standard source based on waveform-amplitude separation control |
| CN116577536B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-09-15 | 烟台东方威思顿电气有限公司 | Three-phase alternating current standard source based on waveform-amplitude separation control |
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