CN108801911B - Method for measuring water content of solid by measuring deformation of solid - Google Patents
Method for measuring water content of solid by measuring deformation of solid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108801911B CN108801911B CN201811017705.9A CN201811017705A CN108801911B CN 108801911 B CN108801911 B CN 108801911B CN 201811017705 A CN201811017705 A CN 201811017705A CN 108801911 B CN108801911 B CN 108801911B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- driving mechanism
- sliding table
- horizontal sliding
- electrode driving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/10—Measuring moisture content, e.g. by measuring change in length of hygroscopic filament; Hygrometers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the water content of a solid by measuring the deformation of the solid, which comprises the following steps: 1: controlling the first electrode and the second electrode to move synchronously with the solid, and enabling the first electrode and the second electrode to be positioned right above the solid; 2: controlling the first electrode and the second electrode to move downwards;3: detecting the time t when the first electrode and the second electrode contact the solid1Counting the number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism; 4: detecting the moment t when the forces of the first and second electrodes towards the solid reach a predetermined value2Stopping counting the number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism; 5: calculating the water content of the solid; 6: controlling the electrode driving mechanism to return to the original position; 7: and controlling the horizontal sliding table to return to the original position. The method for measuring the water content of the solid by measuring the deformation of the solid can realize the on-line measurement of the water content of the solid on a production line.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method for measuring the water content of a solid by measuring the deformation of the solid.
Background
The moisture content of the solids can affect the quality and storage of the solids, particularly for food-like objects such as tortillas. However, at present, in mass production, the moisture content of the solid can only be detected by adopting a sampling inspection mode, and because the internal and external moisture contents of the dried solid on a production line are inconsistent, generally, only a dehydration measurement method can be adopted, namely, the moisture content of the solid is lost by drying, the moisture content is obtained by dividing the mass of the lost moisture by the initial mass, the measurement time is long, the quality control of the product is very unfavorable, and an apparatus and a method capable of measuring the moisture content of the solid on line are urgently needed in production. Compared with the measurement method of the patent (patent number: 2018109759843), how to explore a new way for measuring the water content of the solid and obtain more accurate measurement precision is one of the technical problems to be solved by the patent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for measuring the water content of a solid by measuring the deformation of the solid using the same apparatus as that of the patent (patent No. 2018109759843).
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the apparatus described in the patent (patent No. 2018109759843) used in the method is as follows:
the utility model provides a device of on-line measuring solid moisture content, includes detection device support, electrode mechanism, electrode actuating mechanism, horizontal slip table, solid detection switch and control system.
The solids are transported horizontally by a transport mechanism.
The electrode mechanism comprises two electrodes insulated from each other: a first electrode and a second electrode, the bottom surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode are aligned and parallel to the plane of the conveying mechanism for placing the solid, the first electrode and the second electrode are made of conductive materials, such as red copper, stainless steel and the like, and both are connected to the control system.
The electrode driving mechanism comprises an electrode driving mechanism motor, an electrode driving rotation-to-linear movement mechanism, an electrode driving mechanism guide rail, a first sliding block, a second sliding block, a first sliding block connecting piece, a second sliding block connecting piece, a limiting column, an electrode driving mechanism spring, an electrode driving mechanism zero position switch, an electrode driving mechanism base and a pressure detection switch.
The electrode driving mechanism motor is a pulse signal controlled motor, such as a stepping motor or an alternating current servo motor, and is connected to a computer in the control system through a motor driver.
The electrode driving mechanism motor and the electrode driving mechanism guide rail are fixedly arranged on the electrode driving mechanism base, and the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail is perpendicular to the plane of the solid placed on the transmission mechanism.
The electrode driving rotation-to-linear movement mechanism comprises an electrode driving mechanism coupler, an electrode driving mechanism lead screw and an electrode driving mechanism nut coupled with the electrode driving mechanism lead screw, the electrode driving mechanism lead screw is fixed on an electrode driving mechanism base through a bearing, the axis of the electrode driving mechanism lead screw is parallel to the axis of an electrode driving mechanism guide rail, the electrode driving mechanism lead screw is connected to an output shaft of an electrode driving mechanism motor through the electrode driving mechanism coupler, the electrode driving mechanism nut is fixed on a first sliding block, and the first sliding block is installed on the electrode driving mechanism guide rail and can slide along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail.
The electrode driving rotation-to-linear movement mechanism converts angular displacement of a motor of the electrode driving mechanism into linear displacement of the first sliding block along a guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism.
The second sliding block is positioned below the first sliding block and is also arranged on the guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism and can slide along the guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism, a first sliding block connecting piece and a second sliding block connecting piece are respectively and fixedly arranged on the first sliding block and the second sliding block, a limiting column and an electrode driving mechanism spring are arranged between the first sliding block connecting piece and the second sliding block connecting piece along the direction parallel to the guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism, the electrode driving mechanism spring realizes the flexible connection of the first sliding block connecting piece and the second sliding block connecting piece and has the function of enabling a first electrode and a second electrode in an electrode mechanism connected with the lower end of the second sliding block connecting piece to be in flexible contact with a solid to be detected below the electrode mechanism and providing continuous pressure; the limiting column is used for limiting the maximum distance between the first sliding block connecting piece and the second sliding block connecting piece, so that the initial deformation of the electrode driving mechanism spring can be limited, the working stroke of the first sliding block is reduced, and the measuring time is shortened; the second sliding block and the second sliding block connecting piece can move linearly along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail along with the first sliding block and the first sliding block connecting piece under the action of the electrode driving mechanism spring and the limiting column.
The electrode mechanism is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the second sliding block connecting piece and can move along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail along with the second sliding block connecting piece and the second sliding block.
And a pressure detection switch is arranged between the first slide block or the first slide block connecting piece and the second slide block or the second slide block connecting piece, the pressure detection switch can be fixedly arranged on any one of the first slide block, the first slide block connecting piece, the second slide block and the second slide block connecting piece and is used for detecting the relative displacement between the first slide block connecting piece and the second slide block connecting piece so as to detect the deformation and the elastic force of the spring of the electrode driving mechanism, and the installation position of the pressure detection switch is required to ensure that the output state of the pressure detection switch is changed when the force of the first electrode and the second electrode pressing to the solid reaches a set value.
The pressure detection switch may be a mechanical travel switch, a photoelectric switch, a capacitive proximity switch or an inductive proximity switch.
The output of the pressure detection switch is connected to the control system. And during each measurement, the control system controls the electrode driving mechanism to drive the first electrode and the second electrode to move downwards, so that the first electrode and the second electrode are pressed on the solid, the output of the pressure detection switch is detected simultaneously, and when the output state of the pressure detection switch is changed, the first electrode and the second electrode stop moving downwards.
The pressure detection switch is used for detecting the force of the first electrode and the second electrode pressing towards the solid, and is simple, reliable and low in cost.
The electrode driving mechanism zero position switch is used for detecting a zero displacement point of linear displacement of the first sliding block, the first sliding block is at the zero displacement point at the moment when the first sliding block moves upwards from the lower side and approaches the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch and the output signal of the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch jumps, and the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch is fixedly installed on the electrode driving mechanism base.
The electrode driving mechanism zero position switch can be a mechanical travel switch, a photoelectric switch, a capacitance proximity switch or an inductance proximity switch.
The horizontal sliding table comprises a horizontal sliding table motor, a horizontal sliding table rotating-to-linear motion mechanism, a horizontal sliding table guide rail, a horizontal sliding table sliding block, a horizontal sliding table zero position switch and a horizontal sliding table base.
The horizontal sliding table motor is a motor with controllable speed, such as a stepping motor or an alternating current servo motor or a direct current servo motor, and is connected to a computer in the control system through a motor driver.
The horizontal sliding table motor and the horizontal sliding table guide rail are fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding table base, the direction of the horizontal sliding table guide rail is parallel to the direction of conveying the solid by the conveying mechanism, and the horizontal sliding table base is fixedly installed on the detection device support and located above the conveying mechanism.
The horizontal sliding table rotating and converting linear motion mechanism comprises a horizontal sliding table coupler, a horizontal sliding table lead screw and a horizontal sliding table nut coupled with the horizontal sliding table coupler, the horizontal sliding table lead screw is fixed on a horizontal sliding table base through a bearing, the axis of the horizontal sliding table lead screw is parallel to the axis of a horizontal sliding table guide rail, the horizontal sliding table lead screw is connected to an output shaft of a horizontal sliding table motor through the horizontal sliding table coupler, the horizontal sliding table nut is fixed on a horizontal sliding table sliding block, and the horizontal sliding table sliding block is installed on the horizontal sliding table guide rail and can be followed by the horizontal sliding table.
The horizontal sliding table rotation-to-linear movement mechanism converts angular displacement of the horizontal sliding table motor into linear displacement of the horizontal sliding table sliding block along the horizontal sliding table guide rail.
The horizontal sliding table zero-position switch is fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding table base or the detection device support and used for detecting a zero displacement point of linear displacement of the horizontal sliding table sliding block, the horizontal sliding table sliding block moves backwards from the front of the solid transmission direction (the solid transmission direction is forward) and approaches the horizontal sliding table zero-position switch and leads to the time when an output signal of the horizontal sliding table zero-position switch jumps, and the horizontal sliding table sliding block is located at the zero displacement point.
The zero position switch of the horizontal sliding table can be a mechanical travel switch, a photoelectric switch, a capacitance proximity switch or an inductance proximity switch.
The electrode driving mechanism base is fixedly arranged on the horizontal sliding table sliding block directly or through an electrode driving mechanism connecting plate.
The detection device support is arranged on a measurement site and is positioned to ensure that the first electrode and the second electrode are positioned above the solid body transmitted by the transmission mechanism and are not in contact with the solid body when not measuring.
And in the process that the first electrode and the second electrode are pressed towards the solid and stop and leave the solid, the horizontal sliding table drives the first electrode and the second electrode to synchronously move with the solid to be detected in the moving direction of the conveying mechanism, so that the conveying of the solid is not influenced.
The solid detection switch is fixedly arranged on the transmission mechanism bracket or the detection device bracket and is positioned behind the first electrode and the second electrode, namely the solid firstly passes through the solid detection switch and then reaches the lower parts of the first electrode and the second electrode; in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, the distance between the solid detection switch and the centers of the first electrode and the second electrode is slightly larger than half of the maximum size of the solid, and the installation height of the solid detection switch is required to ensure that the solid can be detected.
The solid detection switch is used for detecting the arrival and the departure of the solid on the conveying device, and when the solid arrives at or departs from the detection position of the solid detection switch, the output state of the solid detection switch is changed. The solid detection switch can be a photoelectric switch, including a correlation photoelectric switch and a reflection photoelectric switch, and can also be a capacitance proximity switch or an inductance proximity switch.
Preferably, the solid state detection switch is a laser photoelectric switch, that is, a photoelectric switch in which the light emitting source is a laser. The laser has good monochromaticity, thin light beam and high intensity, and is particularly suitable for detecting small solid, and in addition, the influence of ambient light is small.
The solid detection switch is connected to the control system, and the control system receives signals of the solid detection switch and controls the first electrode and the second electrode to accurately press the solid.
The control system comprises a computer, a resistance measurement circuit, two motor drivers and a display. The resistance measuring circuit comprises a divider resistor and a follower, the follower can be realized by an operational amplifier, one end of the divider resistor is connected with a power supply, the other end of the divider resistor is connected with the first electrode and the input of the follower, the second electrode is grounded, and the output of the follower is connected to the computer; the solid detection switch, the pressure detection switch, the zero position switch of the horizontal sliding table and the zero position switch of the electrode driving mechanism are all connected to the computer; the control ends of the two motor drivers are connected to the computer, and the other ends of the two motor drivers are respectively connected with the electrode driving mechanism motor and the horizontal sliding table motor; the display is also connected with the computer and used for displaying the measurement result.
The difference between the device and the device of the patent (patent number: 2018109759843) in use is that, at each measurement, the control system controls the electrode driving mechanism to drive the first electrode and the second electrode to move downwards, so that the first electrode and the second electrode are pressed on the solid body, the output of the pressure detection switch is detected, when the output state of the pressure detection switch is changed, the downward movement of the first electrode and the second electrode is stopped,
at this time, the control system does not need to detect the resistance of the solid between the first electrode and the second electrode to measure the water content of the solid.
The measurement principle of the method of the invention is as follows,
for some types of the solids, the deformation amounts of the solids with different water contents are different under the same pressure, generally, the deformation amount is small when the water content is low, and the deformation amount is large when the water content is high, and the relation between the deformation amount and the water content of the solids under the same pressure is found through experiments, namely, the water content of the solids can be measured by detecting the deformation amount of the solids under the same pressure.
For example, vermicelli cakes with the moisture content of 10-14% have the characteristics, and in production practice, workers often press the vermicelli cakes by hands to judge the moisture content, but the manual measurement mode is not accurate and depends on the experience and subjective assumption of the workers.
According to the method for detecting the moisture content of the vermicelli cake, two mutually insulated electrodes are used for pressing the solid to be detected.
Whether the electrodes contact the solid or not can be detected by using the two electrodes, the two electrodes are insulated before contacting the solid, theoretically, the resistance is infinite, after contacting the solid, the resistance becomes a finite value, and the specific size depends on the solid to be detected and the lowest water content of the solid.
The electrode depression and elevation is driven using an electric mechanism driven by a motor controlled by a pulse signal so as to calculate the stroke of the electric mechanism by counting the number of the pulse signals.
And a spring is arranged between the electric mechanism and the electrode, the spring flexibly presses the solid, the deformation of the spring determines the pressure of the electrode on the solid, and whether the pressure of the electrode on the solid reaches a preset value is detected by detecting the deformation of the spring.
And when the electrode is pressed down each time, counting the number of the pulse signals after the electrode is detected to be contacted with the solid, stopping pressing down and counting after the deformation of the spring is detected to reach a preset value, and calculating the pressing distance of the electrode according to the counted number of the pulses, namely the deformation of the solid.
Before the first electrode and the second electrode contact the solid, the first electrode and the second electrode are open-circuited, and the resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is the insulation resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode; when the first electrode and the second electrode contact the solid within a certain water content range, the resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is obviously different, and the specific value depends on the water content of the solid.
In the process that the electrode driving mechanism drives the first electrode and the second electrode to descend, the resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is detected in a circulating mode, when the resistance is detected to be obviously smaller than the insulation resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are judged to be in contact with the solid, and the moment is recorded as t1。
The time when the force of the first electrode and the second electrode to the solid reaches a set value is the time when the output state of the pressure detection switch changes, and the time is recorded as t2。
At time period t1≤t<t2In the above method, the displacement amount d of the first electrode and the second electrode in the direction along the guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism is equal to the deformation amount of the solid.
The electrode mechanism is fixedly mounted on the second slider connection piece, so that, during the time period t1≤t<t2In the above, the displacement d of the first electrode and the second electrode in the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail is equal to the displacement d of the second slider link member2。
The second slide block connecting piece is connected to the first slide block connecting piece through an electrode driving mechanism spring and a limiting column, and the time period t is t in each measurement1≤t<t2In the above arrangements, the relative deformation amounts of the springs of the electrode driving mechanism are the same, that is, the relative displacements of the second slider link and the first slider link are the same, and let it be dSThis value can be measured in advance.
The first slider connecting piece is fixed on the first slider for a time period t1≤t<t2In the front, its displacement d1The number N of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism by the counting control system in the time periodPDetecting, if the displacement of the first slider corresponding to one pulse signal along the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail is delta, d1＝NP*δ。
In summary, in the time period t1≤t<t2In (c), the deformation amount of the solid is:
d＝d2＝d1–dS＝NP*δ-dS。
in the above formula, δ and dSAre all constant, therefore, d and NPThere is a linear relationship between them.
In order to detect the water content of the solid by measuring the deformation of the solid, before starting the measurement, a calibration experiment is firstly carried out to obtain a time period { t: t }1≤t<t2The number N of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism by the control system in the centerPCorrespondence with the water content H of the solid: h ═ f (N)P)。
Obtaining N by calibration test fittingPRelationship with H: h ═ k × NP+ b, where k and b are the calibration coefficients.
The invention relates to a method for measuring the water content of a solid by measuring the deformation of the solid, which adopts the device for measuring the water content of the solid on line.
The measuring process specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the control system circularly detects signals of the solid detection switch, and when the second jump of the output of the solid detection switch is detected, the horizontal sliding table is controlled to drive the electrode driving mechanism and the electrode mechanism which are arranged on the horizontal sliding table to start to move along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism after time delay, so that the first electrode and the second electrode are positioned right above the detected solid and are relatively static and move synchronously with the solid along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism;
step 2: the control system controls the electrode driving mechanism to drive the first electrode and the second electrode to move downwards;
and step 3: the control system circularly detects the resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, when the resistance is obviously smaller than the insulation resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, the counting control system starts to count the number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism, and the time is recorded as t1；
And 4, step 4: the control system circularly detects the signal of the pressure detection switch, when the output state change of the pressure detection switch is detected, the electrode driving mechanism is controlled to stop driving the first electrode and the second electrode to descend, the stop counting control system controls the number of pulse signals for the motor of the electrode driving mechanism to rotate, and the time is recorded as t2；
And 5: time interval t1≤t<t2The number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism by the control system in the center is NPAnd calculating the water content H ═ f (N) of the solidP) And displaying the measurement result on a display;
step 6: the control system controls the electrode driving mechanism to drive the first electrode and the second electrode to ascend until an output signal of a zero position switch of the electrode driving mechanism jumps, and controls the electrode driving mechanism to stop moving;
and 7: and the control system controls the horizontal sliding table to stop moving along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism, and controls the horizontal sliding table to move along the opposite direction of the movement of the transmission mechanism instead until the output signal of the zero position switch of the horizontal sliding table jumps, and the control system controls the horizontal sliding table to stop moving.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is: the first electrode and the second electrode can be guaranteed to be accurately pressed to the solid, the transmission of the solid is guaranteed not to be influenced in the measuring process, and under the premise, the measuring time period { t:1≤t<t2and the control system controls the number of pulse signals for the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism, so that the water content of the solid is accurately measured.
Because the pressure of the first electrode and the second electrode acts on the whole solid during measurement, the water content of the solid obtained by measurement according to the technical scheme is the whole water content of the solid and comprises a surface layer and an inner part.
Compared with the method described in the patent (patent number: 2018109759843), the method is applicable to solids with good correlation between strength and water content, such as vermicelli cakes, and the characteristic that the strength of the solids changes along with the water content is more remarkable in a certain range of the water content, so that higher measurement accuracy can be obtained by using the method. For example, in the example of the present invention, there is a smaller measurement deviation for the vermicelli cake having the moisture content of 10% -14% as compared with example 1 of the patent (patent No. 2018109759843).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall configuration of an apparatus for measuring the water content of solids on-line mounted on a conveyor in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic views of the structure of a horizontal sliding table in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an electrode driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an electrode mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a resistance measurement circuit in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the principle of measuring the amount of deformation of the solid in the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 9(a) shows the timing when the first electrode and the second electrode just contact the solid, and fig. 9(b) shows the timing when the output state of the pressure detection switch changes.
In fig. 1-9, the part names represented by the reference numerals are listed below: 1. the device comprises a transmission mechanism, 2, a detection device bracket, 3, a horizontal sliding table, 4, an electrode driving mechanism, 5, an electrode mechanism connecting column, 6, an electrode mechanism, 7, a solid, 8, a solid detection switch, 9 and a control system.
1-1 parts of a transmission mechanism motor, 1-2 parts of a transmission mechanism bracket, 1-3 parts of a transmission mechanism conveyor belt, 1-4 parts of a transmission mechanism conveyor belt supporting plate.
3-1 parts of a horizontal sliding table motor, 3-2 parts of a horizontal sliding table screw rod, 3-3 parts of a horizontal sliding table sliding block, 3-4 parts of a horizontal sliding table guide rail, 3-5 parts of an electrode driving mechanism connecting plate, 3-6 parts of a horizontal sliding table zero position switch, 3-7 parts of a horizontal sliding table base, 3-8 parts of a horizontal sliding table coupler, 3-9 parts of a horizontal sliding table nut, and 3-10 parts of a horizontal sliding table zero position switch support.
3-7-1 parts of a horizontal sliding table base bottom plate, 3-7-2 parts of a horizontal sliding table base left side plate, 3-7-3 parts of a horizontal sliding table base middle plate, 3-7-4 parts of a horizontal sliding table base right side plate.
4-1 parts of an electrode driving mechanism motor, 4-2 parts of an electrode driving mechanism coupler, 4-3 parts of an electrode driving mechanism lead screw, 4-4 parts of an electrode driving mechanism nut, 4-5 parts of a first sliding block, 4-6 parts of an electrode driving mechanism guide rail, 4-7 parts of an electrode driving mechanism base, 4-8 parts of an electrode driving mechanism zero position switch, 4-9 parts of an electrode driving mechanism zero position switch support, 4-10 parts of a first sliding block connecting piece, 4-11 parts of a second sliding block, 4-12 parts of a second sliding block connecting piece, 4-13 parts of a limiting column, 4-14 parts of an electrode driving mechanism spring, 4-15 parts of a pressure detection switch, 4-16 parts of a pressure detection switch support.
4-7-1, 4-7-2 parts of a base bottom plate of the electrode driving mechanism, 4-7-3 parts of an upper side plate of the base of the electrode driving mechanism, 4-7-4 parts of a middle plate of the base of the electrode driving mechanism and a lower side plate of the base of the electrode driving mechanism.
4-10-1, a first slider connecting piece first side plate, 4-10-2 and a first slider connecting piece second side plate.
4-12-1, the bottom of the second sliding block connecting piece groove, 4-12-2, the upper groove wall of the second sliding block connecting piece, 4-12-3 and the lower groove wall of the second sliding block connecting piece.
6-1, a first electrode, 6-2, a second electrode, 6-3 and an electrode mounting plate.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The direction in this example explains: the direction of the solid 7 is forward, and the direction opposite to the direction of the solid is backward; and, the left and right are in the left-to-right direction in fig. 1-9 depending on the position of the device in the figures.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the device for measuring the moisture content of the solid on line comprises a detection device bracket 2, an electrode mechanism 6, an electrode driving mechanism 4, a horizontal sliding table 3, an electrode mechanism connecting column 5, a solid detection switch 8 and a control system 9.
As shown in fig. 1, a solid 7 to be detected (a spinning cake in this embodiment) is horizontally transported by a transport mechanism 1, the transport mechanism 1 includes a transport mechanism motor 1-1, a transport mechanism bracket 1-2, a transport mechanism conveyor belt 1-3, and a transport mechanism conveyor belt supporting plate 1-4, the transport mechanism motor 1-1 drives the transport mechanism conveyor belt 1-3 to move along the arrow direction shown in fig. 1, and the transport mechanism conveyor belt supporting plate 1-4 supports the transport mechanism conveyor belt 1-3 from below.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the electrode mechanism 6 includes a first electrode 6-1, a second electrode 6-2, and an electrode mounting plate 6-3, the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the bottom surfaces thereof are aligned, and is parallel to the upper surface of the transmission mechanism conveyor belt 1-3, the upper parts of the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are respectively provided with two threaded holes in the vertical direction, the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are fixed on the lower side of the electrode mounting plate 6-3 through screws, the side surface of the first electrode 6-1 is parallel to the side surface of the second electrode 6-2, the electrode mounting plate 6-3 is also provided with a vertical mounting hole, and the electrode mechanism 6 is fixed on the electrode driving mechanism 4 through the electrode mechanism connecting column 5.
The first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are both made of conductive materials, such as red copper, stainless steel and the like; the electrode mounting plate 6-3 uses a bakelite plate (phenolic plastic laminate) to achieve electrical insulation between the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the electrode driving mechanism 4 comprises an electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1, an electrode driving rotation-to-linear movement mechanism, an electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6, a first sliding block 4-5, a second sliding block 4-11, a first sliding block connecting piece 4-10, a second sliding block connecting piece 4-12, a limiting column 4-13, an electrode driving mechanism spring 4-14, an electrode driving mechanism zero position switch 4-8, an electrode driving mechanism base 4-7 and a pressure detection switch 4-15.
The electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 is a stepping motor.
The electrode driving mechanism base 4-7 comprises an electrode driving mechanism base bottom plate 4-7-1 with a long edge vertically arranged, an electrode driving mechanism base upper side plate 4-7-2 and an electrode driving mechanism base lower side plate 4-7-4 which are horizontally arranged, and an angular electrode driving mechanism base middle plate 4-7-3, wherein the electrode driving mechanism base upper side plate 4-7-2 and the electrode driving mechanism base lower side plate 4-7-4 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the electrode driving mechanism base bottom plate 4-7-1, the electrode driving mechanism base middle plate 4-7-3 is fixed on the electrode driving mechanism base bottom plate 4-7-1 through the side plates and is close to the upper end of the electrode driving mechanism base bottom plate 4-7-1, the other side plate is in the horizontal direction.
The electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 is fixed above the upper side plate 4-7-2 of the electrode driving mechanism base, an output shaft of the electrode driving mechanism motor vertically penetrates through a hole in the middle of the upper side plate 4-7-2 of the electrode driving mechanism base, a cylindrical electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6 is fixed on the upper side plate 4-7-2 of the electrode driving mechanism base and the lower side plate 4-7-4 of the electrode driving mechanism base, and the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the conveying belt 1-3 of the conveying mechanism.
The electrode driving rotation-to-linear movement mechanism comprises an electrode driving mechanism coupler 4-2, an electrode driving mechanism lead screw 4-3 and an electrode driving mechanism nut 4-4 coupled with the electrode driving mechanism lead screw, wherein the electrode driving mechanism lead screw 4-3 is fixed in a hole on a larger side plate of an electrode driving mechanism base middle plate 4-7-3 and a hole on an electrode driving mechanism base lower side plate 4-7-4 through two bearings and is connected to an output shaft of an electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 through the electrode driving mechanism coupler 4-2, the electrode driving mechanism coupler 4-2 is positioned between the electrode driving mechanism base upper side plate 4-7-2 and the electrode driving mechanism base middle plate 4-7-3, and the electrode driving mechanism nut 4-4 is fixed on a rectangular first sliding block 4-5 and penetrates through the first sliding block 4-4 in the vertical direction 5, a first slide block 4-5 is arranged on an electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6 through a hole on the first slide block 4-5 penetrating through the two sides of the first slide block 4-5 along the vertical direction and two linear bearings, and can slide along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6, and an electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 drives an electrode driving mechanism screw rod 4-3 to rotate, so as to drive an electrode driving mechanism nut 4-4 coupled with the electrode driving mechanism screw rod 4-3 and the first slide block 4-5 to move linearly up and down.
A cuboid second slide block 4-11 is positioned below the first slide block 4-5, a vertical through hole is arranged at the middle position of the cuboid second slide block for a lead screw 4-3 of an electrode driving mechanism to freely pass through, the second slide block 4-11 is also arranged on a guide rail 4-6 of the electrode driving mechanism through a hole which penetrates through the second slide block 4-11 along the vertical direction and two linear bearings and can slide along the guide rail 4-6 of the electrode driving mechanism, an angular first slide block connecting piece 4-10 is fixed on the first slide block 4-5 through a first slide block connecting piece first side plate 4-10-1, the plane of a first slide block connecting piece second side plate 4-10-2 is vertical to the direction of the guide rail 4-6 of the electrode driving mechanism, a round hole is arranged on the first slide block connecting piece, and a groove-shaped second slide block connecting piece 4-12 is fixed on the second slide block 4-11 through a second slide block connecting piece groove The plane of the upper groove wall 4-12-2 of the second slide block connecting piece and the lower groove wall 4-12-3 of the second slide block connecting piece is vertical to the direction of the guide rail 4-6 of the electrode driving mechanism, the upper groove wall 4-12-2 of the second slide block connecting piece is also provided with a round hole, the lower end of a limit column 4-13 is fixed in the round hole on the upper groove wall 4-12-2 of the second slide block connecting piece by two nuts, the limit column 4-13 upwards passes through the round hole on the second side plate 4-10-2 of the first slide block connecting piece and can slide up and down in the round hole, the upper end is a hexagonal head with the size larger than that of the round hole on the second side plate 4-10-2 of the first slide block connecting piece, and plays a role of limiting the maximum distance between the first slide block connecting piece 4-10, the axis of the limiting column 4-13 is parallel to the axis of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6, and the electrode driving mechanism spring 4-14 is sleeved on the limiting column 4-13 and is positioned between the second side plate 4-10-2 of the first sliding block connecting piece and the upper groove wall 4-12-2 of the second sliding block connecting piece.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the electrode mechanism 6 is fixed in the hole on the lower groove wall 4-12-3 of the second slider connecting piece through the electrode mechanism connecting column 5, is positioned at the lower side of the second slider connecting piece 4-12, and can move up and down along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6 along with the second slider connecting piece 4-12 and the second slider 4-11.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a pressure detection switch 4-15 is installed between the second side plate 4-10-2 of the first slider connecting part and the upper groove wall 4-12-2 of the second slider connecting part, the pressure detection switch 4-15 is a mechanical travel switch, and is fixed on the second side plate 4-10-2 of the first slider connecting part through an angular pressure detection switch bracket 4-16 for detecting the relative displacement between the first slider connecting part 4-10 and the second slider connecting part 4-12, so as to detect the deformation and the elastic force of the spring 4-14 of the electrode driving mechanism, and the installation position of the pressure detection switch 4-15 is ensured to change when the force of the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 pressing against the solid 7 reaches a set value.
As shown in fig. 4, the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch 4-8 is an inductive proximity switch, and is configured to detect a zero displacement point of the linear displacement of the first slider 4-5, at a time when the first slider 4-5 moves upward from the lower side to approach the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch 4-8 and causes a jump of an output signal thereof, the first slider 4-5 is at the zero displacement point, and the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch 4-8 is fixedly mounted on the electrode driving mechanism base 4-7 through the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch bracket 4-9.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the horizontal sliding table 3 comprises a horizontal sliding table motor 3-1, a horizontal sliding table rotation-to-linear movement mechanism, a horizontal sliding table guide rail 3-4, a horizontal sliding table slider 3-3, a horizontal sliding table zero position switch 3-6 and a horizontal sliding table base 3-7.
The horizontal sliding table motor 3-1 is a stepping motor;
the horizontal sliding table base 3-7 comprises a horizontal sliding table base bottom plate 3-7-1 with a long edge horizontally arranged, a horizontal sliding table base left side plate 3-7-2 and a horizontal sliding table base right side plate 3-7-4 which are vertically arranged, and an angular horizontal sliding table base middle plate 3-7-3, wherein the horizontal sliding table base left side plate 3-7-2 and the horizontal sliding table base right side plate 3-7-4 are respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the horizontal sliding table base bottom plate 3-7-1, the horizontal sliding table base middle plate 3-7-3 is fixed on the horizontal sliding table base bottom plate 3-7-1 through a smaller side plate, and the larger side plate is positioned in the vertical direction close to the left end of the horizontal sliding table base bottom plate 3-7-1.
The horizontal sliding table motor 3-1 is fixed on the left side of the left side plate 3-7-2 of the horizontal sliding table base, an output shaft horizontally penetrates through a hole in the middle of the left side plate 3-7-2 of the horizontal sliding table base, the cylindrical horizontal sliding table guide rail 3-4 is fixed on the left side plate 3-7-2 of the horizontal sliding table base and the right side plate 3-7-4 of the horizontal sliding table base, the direction of the horizontal sliding table guide rail 3-4 is parallel to the movement direction of the transmission mechanism 1, and the horizontal sliding table base 3-7 is fixedly installed on the detection device support 2 and is positioned above the transmission mechanism 1.
The rotary-to-linear motion mechanism of the horizontal sliding table comprises a horizontal sliding table coupler 3-8, a horizontal sliding table lead screw 3-2 and a horizontal sliding table nut 3-9 coupled with the horizontal sliding table coupler, wherein the horizontal sliding table lead screw 3-2 is fixed in a hole on a larger side plate of a middle plate 3-7-3 of a horizontal sliding table base and a hole on a right side plate 3-7-4 of the horizontal sliding table base through two bearings and is connected to an output shaft of a horizontal sliding table motor 3-1 through the horizontal sliding table coupler 3-8, the horizontal sliding table coupler 3-8 is positioned between the left side plate 3-7-2 of the horizontal sliding table base and the larger side plate of the middle plate 3-7-3 of the horizontal sliding table base, the horizontal sliding table nut 3-9 is fixed in a hole on a cuboid horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3 penetrating through the middle of the horizontal sliding table, the horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3 is installed on the horizontal sliding table guide rail 3-4 through a hole which penetrates through the two sides of the horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3 along the horizontal direction and two linear bearings, and can slide along the horizontal sliding table guide rail 3-4, the horizontal sliding table motor 3-1 drives the horizontal sliding table screw rod 3-2 to rotate, and further drives the horizontal sliding table nut 3-9 coupled with the horizontal sliding table screw rod 3-2 and the horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3 to move linearly.
The horizontal sliding table zero-position switch 3-6 is an inductive proximity switch, is fixedly arranged on a horizontal sliding table base 3-7 through a horizontal sliding table zero-position switch support 3-10 and is used for detecting a zero displacement point of linear displacement of the horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3, and the horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3 is positioned at the zero displacement point when the horizontal sliding table sliding block 3-3 moves backwards from the front of the transmission direction of the solid 7 (the transmission direction of the solid 7 is forward) and approaches the horizontal sliding table zero-position switch 3-6 to cause the jump of an output signal of the horizontal sliding table sliding block.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the electrode driving mechanism base 4-7 is fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding table slider 3-3 through the electrode driving mechanism connecting plate 3-5.
As shown in FIG. 1, the detecting device holder 2 is installed at a measuring site at a position where the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are located above the solid 7 transported by the transporting mechanism 1 and do not contact the solid 7 when not measuring.
As shown in fig. 1, the solid detection switch 8 is a correlation laser photoelectric switch, which includes an emitting part and a receiving part, and is respectively and fixedly installed on the transmission mechanism supports 1-2 at the two sides of the transmission mechanism conveyor belt 1-3, and is located behind the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2, i.e. the solid 7 firstly passes through the solid detection switch 8, and then reaches the lower parts of the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2; the solid detection switch 8 is located at a distance slightly greater than half the maximum size of the solid 7 from the centers of the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 in the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 1, the installation height of the solid detection switch 8 is such that the solid 7 can be detected, and the output state of the solid detection switch 8 changes when the solid 7 reaches or leaves the detection position of the solid detection switch 8.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the control system 9 includes a computer, a resistance measurement circuit, two motor drivers and a display. The resistance measuring circuit comprises a voltage dividing resistor R0And a follower, a voltage dividing resistor R0One end is connected with a power supply VmThe other end is connected with the input of the first electrode 6-1 and the follower, the second electrode 6-2 is grounded, and the output of the follower is connected to the computer; the solid detection switch 8, the pressure detection switches 4-15, the zero position switches 3-6 of the horizontal sliding table and the zero position switches 4-8 of the electrode driving mechanism are all connected to the computer; the control ends of the two motor drivers are connected to the computer, and the other ends of the two motor drivers are respectively connected with an electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 and a horizontal sliding table motor 3-1; the display is also connected with the computer.
In this embodiment, the power supply VmIs 5V, a voltage-dividing resistor R0Is 10M omega, the follower is realized by a CA3140 operational amplifier, and the output voltage of the follower is set as V1The resistance R of the solid 7x＝V1R0/(Vm-V1)。
The computer adopts STM32F407ZET6 microcontroller, and it has up to 7I/O ports, has 16 passageway 12 bit ADC (analog-to-digital converter), the computer respectively adopts a direction signal and a pulse signal to control electrode actuating mechanism motor 4-1 and horizontal slip table motor 3-1 through two motor drive, and the display chooses LCD1602 for use, through parallel interface with the computer is connected.
The method for measuring the water content of the solid by measuring the deformation of the solid adopts the device for measuring the water content of the solid on line.
In this embodiment, the insulation resistance R between the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2AWhen the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 come into contact with the solid 7 having a water content of 10%, the resistance R therebetween is 31M ΩB＝6.9MΩ，RAAnd RBIntermediate value of RCAbout 19M omega.
FIG. 9(a) shows a time t when the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 just contact the solid 71FIG. 9(b) shows the time t at which the output state of the pressure detecting switches 4 to 15 changes2In FIG. 9, d is a time period { t: t }1≤t<t2The amount of deformation of the solid 7 in (f) is equal to the amount of displacement of the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 in the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide 4-6 in the period of time, and also equal to the amount of displacement d of the second slider link 4-12 in the period of time2(ii) a During this time period, the relative displacement d between the second slider link 4-12 and the first slider link 4-10SThe same is true for each measurement, which corresponds to a preset value of the force with which the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are pressed against the solid 7 for each measurement.
The first slider connection 4-10 is fixed to the first slider 4-5 for a time period t1≤t<t2In the front, its displacement d1The number N of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 by the numerical control system 9 in the period of time may be set to NPDetecting, recording the displacement of the first slide block 4-5 corresponding to the pulse signal along the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail 4-6 as delta, and then d1＝NP* δ。
In summary, in the time period t1≤t<t2In the preceding paragraph, the deformation of the solid 7 is:
d＝d2＝d1–dS＝NP*δ-dS。
in the above formula, δ and dSAre all constant, therefore, d and NPThere is a linear relationship between them. Before the measurement is started, a calibration experiment is firstly carried out, and a time period { t: t }is obtained1≤t<t2The number N of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 by the control system 9 in the centerPThe correspondence with the moisture content H of the solid 7, for example, for the vermicelli cake with the moisture content between 10% and 14% in the present example, the experiment finds NPHas a linear relation with H, four samples are taken, and the (N) is measured by experimentsPH) data were (3908, 10.70%), (4967, 11.51%), (5852, 12.16%) and (7971, 13.73%) respectively, and fitting gave NPRelationship with H: h ═ k × NP+ b, where k and b are the scaling factors, k is 7.51 x 10-6， b＝0.0776。
The measuring process specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the control system 9 detects the signal of the solid detection switch 8 in a circulating manner, when the output of the solid detection switch 8 is detected to jump for the second time, the horizontal sliding table 3 is controlled to drive the electrode driving mechanism 4 and the electrode mechanism 6 which are arranged on the horizontal sliding table to start to move along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism 1 after time delay, so that the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 are positioned right above the detected solid 7 and are relatively static and move synchronously with the solid 7 along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism 1, the time delay time depends on the position of the solid detection switch 8, the positions of the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2, the size of the solid, the speed of the transmission mechanism transmission belt 1-3 and the acceleration and the final speed of the horizontal sliding table 3, and the time delay time in the embodiment is 1.6 seconds;
step 2: the control system 9 controls the electrode driving mechanism 4 to drive the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 to move downwards;
and step 3: the control system 9 cyclically detects the resistance between the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2, when it detects that said resistance is less than RCAt the moment, the start counting control system 9 controls the number of pulse signals for the electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 to rotate, and the time is t1；
And 4, step 4: the control system 9 circularly detects the signals of the pressure detection switches 4-15, controls the electrode driving mechanism 4 to stop driving the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 to descend when detecting that the output state of the pressure detection switches is changed, and stops the counting control system 9 to control the number of pulse signals for the electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 to rotate, wherein the moment is t2；
And 5: time interval t1≤t<t2The number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the electrode driving mechanism motor 4-1 by the control system 9 in the center is NPThe water content H ═ k × N of the solid 7 was calculatedP+ b, and displaying the measurement result on the display;
step 6: the control system 9 controls the electrode driving mechanism 4 to drive the first electrode 6-1 and the second electrode 6-2 to ascend until an output signal of a zero position switch 4-8 of the electrode driving mechanism jumps, and the control system 9 controls the electrode driving mechanism 4 to stop moving;
and 7: the control system 9 controls the horizontal sliding table 3 to stop moving along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism 1, instead, the control system controls the horizontal sliding table 3 to move along the opposite direction of the movement of the transmission mechanism 1 until the output signals of the zero position switches 3-6 of the horizontal sliding table jump, and the control system 9 controls the horizontal sliding table 3 to stop moving.
Taking 5 vermicelli cakes with the water content of 10-14%, and detecting the water content of each vermicelli cake by using the device and the detection method of the embodiment to obtain a result H1Then, water content detection is carried out by adopting a water loss measurement method to obtain a result H2Of five samples (H)1,H2) The measurement results were as follows: (10.69, 10.70), (11.41,11.45), (11.48,11.52), (12.53,12.67), (13.75,13.73), the maximum deviation is 0.14, accord with the measurement accuracy requirement of the food industry, the device of the invention can carry on the real-time online measurement moisture content while guaranteeing the measurement accuracy.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as the subject matter of any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for measuring the water content of a solid by measuring the deformation of the solid,
the water content of the solid is measured by adopting a device for measuring the water content of the solid on line,
the device comprises a detection device bracket, an electrode mechanism, an electrode driving mechanism, a horizontal sliding table, a solid detection switch and a control system;
the electrode mechanism comprises a first electrode and a second electrode which are insulated from each other, the bottom surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode are aligned, and are parallel to the plane of the conveying mechanism for placing the solid, and the first electrode and the second electrode are both connected to the control system;
the electrode driving mechanism comprises an electrode driving mechanism motor, an electrode driving rotary-transformation linear motion mechanism, an electrode driving mechanism guide rail, a first slide block, a second slide block, a first slide block connecting piece, a second slide block connecting piece, a limiting column, an electrode driving mechanism spring, an electrode driving mechanism zero position switch, an electrode driving mechanism base and a pressure detection switch, wherein the electrode driving mechanism motor is a pulse signal controlled motor, the electrode driving mechanism motor and the electrode driving mechanism guide rail are fixedly arranged on the electrode driving mechanism base, the direction of the electrode driving mechanism guide rail is vertical to the plane of a transmission mechanism for placing the solid, the first slide block and the second slide block are both arranged on the electrode driving mechanism guide rail and can linearly move along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail, the second slide block is positioned below the first slide block, and the electrode driving rotary-transformation linear motion mechanism is connected with the electrode driving mechanism motor and the first slide block, the rotary motion of a motor of the electrode driving mechanism is converted into the linear motion of a first slide block along a guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism, a first slide block connecting piece and a second slide block connecting piece are respectively and fixedly arranged on the first slide block and the second slide block, a limiting column and an electrode driving mechanism spring are arranged between the first slide block connecting piece and the second slide block connecting piece along the direction parallel to the guide rail of the electrode driving mechanism, the limiting column is used for limiting the maximum distance between the first slide block connecting piece and the second slide block connecting piece, a pressure detection switch is arranged between the first slide block or the first slide block connecting piece and the second slide block or the second slide block connecting piece, the pressure detection switch can be fixedly arranged on any one of the first slide block, the first slide block connecting piece, the second slide block and the second slide block connecting piece, and the installation position of the pressure detection switch is ensured when the force of the first electrode and the second electrode pressing the solid reaches a set, the output state of the pressure detection switch is changed, the output of the pressure detection switch is connected to the control system, the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch is fixedly arranged on the electrode driving mechanism base and used for detecting a zero displacement point of the linear displacement of the first sliding block, the output of the electrode driving mechanism zero position switch is connected with the control system,
the electrode driving rotary-transformation linear motion mechanism comprises an electrode driving mechanism coupler, an electrode driving mechanism lead screw and an electrode driving mechanism nut coupled with the electrode driving mechanism lead screw, wherein the electrode driving mechanism lead screw is fixed on an electrode driving mechanism base through a bearing, the axis of the electrode driving mechanism lead screw is parallel to the axis of an electrode driving mechanism guide rail, the electrode driving mechanism lead screw is connected to an output shaft of an electrode driving mechanism motor through the electrode driving mechanism coupler, the electrode driving mechanism nut is fixed on a first sliding block, and the first sliding block is arranged on the electrode driving mechanism guide rail and can slide along the electrode driving mechanism guide rail;
the electrode mechanism is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the second sliding block connecting piece;
the horizontal sliding table comprises a horizontal sliding table motor, a horizontal sliding table rotating and converting linear motion mechanism, a horizontal sliding table guide rail, a horizontal sliding table sliding block, a horizontal sliding table zero position switch and a horizontal sliding table base, wherein the horizontal sliding table motor and the horizontal sliding table guide rail are fixedly arranged on the horizontal sliding table base, the direction of the horizontal sliding table guide rail is parallel to the direction of conveying the solid by the transmission mechanism, the horizontal sliding table motor is a motor with controllable speed, an output shaft of the horizontal sliding table motor is connected with the horizontal sliding table rotating and converting linear motion mechanism, the horizontal sliding table sliding block is driven by the horizontal sliding table rotating and converting linear motion mechanism to linearly move along the horizontal sliding table guide rail, the horizontal sliding table zero position switch is fixedly arranged on the horizontal sliding table base or a detection device bracket, is used for detecting a zero displacement point of the linear displacement,
the horizontal sliding table rotating-converting linear motion mechanism comprises a horizontal sliding table coupler, a horizontal sliding table lead screw and a horizontal sliding table nut coupled with the horizontal sliding table coupler, the horizontal sliding table lead screw is fixed on a horizontal sliding table base through a bearing, the axis of the horizontal sliding table lead screw is parallel to the axis of a horizontal sliding table guide rail, the horizontal sliding table lead screw is connected to an output shaft of a horizontal sliding table motor through the horizontal sliding table coupler, the horizontal sliding table nut is fixed on a horizontal sliding table sliding block, and the horizontal sliding table sliding block is installed on the horizontal sliding table guide rail and can slide along the horizontal sliding table guide rail;
the electrode driving mechanism base is fixedly arranged on the horizontal sliding table sliding block;
the horizontal sliding table base is fixedly arranged on the detection device bracket and is positioned above the transmission mechanism;
the detection device bracket is arranged at a measurement site and is positioned to ensure that the first electrode and the second electrode are positioned above the solid transmitted by the transmission mechanism and are not contacted with the solid when not measuring;
the solid detection switch is fixedly arranged on a bracket of the transmission mechanism or a bracket of the detection device and is positioned behind the first electrode and the second electrode, namely the solid firstly passes through the solid detection switch and then reaches the lower parts of the first electrode and the second electrode; the installation height of the solid detection switch is required to ensure that the solid can be detected, and the output of the solid detection switch is connected with a control system;
the control system comprises a computer, a display, a resistance measuring circuit and two motor drivers; the resistance measuring circuit comprises a divider resistor and a follower, the follower is realized by an operational amplifier, one end of the divider resistor is connected with a power supply, the other end of the divider resistor is connected with the first electrode and the input of the follower, the second electrode is grounded, and the output of the follower is connected to the computer; the solid detection switch, the pressure detection switch, the zero position switch of the horizontal sliding table and the zero position switch of the electrode driving mechanism are all connected to the computer; the control ends of the two motor drivers are connected to the computer, and the other ends of the two motor drivers are respectively connected with the electrode driving mechanism motor and the horizontal sliding table motor;
in the expression of the device, front and back means that the direction of the solid is forward and the reverse direction of the solid is backward;
the measurement steps using the above device are as follows:
step 1: the control system circularly detects signals of the solid detection switch, and when the second jump of the output of the solid detection switch is detected, the horizontal sliding table is controlled to drive the electrode driving mechanism and the electrode mechanism which are arranged on the horizontal sliding table to start to move along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism after time delay, so that the first electrode and the second electrode are positioned right above the detected solid and are relatively static and move synchronously with the solid along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
before the measurement is started in the step 1, a calibration experiment is firstly carried out to obtain the number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism by the control system in the time period from the contact of the first electrode and the second electrode with the solid to the change of the output state of the pressure detection switchN P Water content with solidHThe corresponding relation of (1):H=f(N P )，
obtained by fitting a calibration testN P AndHthe relationship between:H=k*N P +bin the formulakAndbis a calibration coefficient;
then, starting the operation of step 1;
step 2: the control system controls the electrode driving mechanism to drive the first electrode and the second electrode to move downwards;
and step 3: the control system circularly detects the resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, when the resistance is detected to be obviously smaller than the insulation resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, the counting control system starts to count the number of pulse signals for controlling the motor of the electrode driving mechanism to rotate, and the time is recorded ast 1；
And 4, step 4: the control system circularly detects the signal of the pressure detection switch, when the output state of the pressure detection switch is detected to be changed, the electrode driving mechanism is controlled to stop driving the first electrode and the second electrode to descend, the stop counting control system controls the number of pulse signals for the motor of the electrode driving mechanism to rotate, and the time is recorded ast 2；
And 5: time period recordt:t 1≤t<t 2The number of pulse signals for controlling the rotation of the motor of the electrode driving mechanism by the control system in the center isN P Calculating the water content of the solidH=f(N P ) And displaying the measurement result on a display;
step 6: the control system controls the electrode driving mechanism to drive the first electrode and the second electrode to ascend until an output signal of a zero position switch of the electrode driving mechanism jumps, and controls the electrode driving mechanism to stop moving;
and 7: and the control system controls the horizontal sliding table to stop moving along the moving direction of the transmission mechanism, and controls the horizontal sliding table to move along the opposite direction of the movement of the transmission mechanism instead until the output signal of the zero position switch of the horizontal sliding table jumps, and the control system controls the horizontal sliding table to stop moving.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811017705.9A CN108801911B (en) | 2018-09-01 | 2018-09-01 | Method for measuring water content of solid by measuring deformation of solid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811017705.9A CN108801911B (en) | 2018-09-01 | 2018-09-01 | Method for measuring water content of solid by measuring deformation of solid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108801911A CN108801911A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108801911B true CN108801911B (en) | 2020-06-02 |
Family
ID=64081801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811017705.9A Active CN108801911B (en) | 2018-09-01 | 2018-09-01 | Method for measuring water content of solid by measuring deformation of solid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108801911B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109323955A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 衢州学院 | A kind of Hu shaddock superiority and inferiority detector |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2490580Y (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2002-05-08 | 张友信 | Portable quickly electrical measuring instrument for fresh cocoon dry shell quantity |
| JP4830111B2 (en) * | 2007-02-22 | 2011-12-07 | 国立大学法人佐賀大学 | Hardness and wetness identification device |
| KR101007421B1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-01-12 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Method and Apparatus for Measuring the Water Potential of Powdered Solid Samples |
| CN102721709A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-10 | 长春市龙应科技开发有限公司 | Device and method for detecting grain moisture content based on microwave technique |
| CN207488162U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-12 | 何北坤 | A kind of Water Content in Oil measuring device |
| CN107727573B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-04-17 | 锡林郭勒盟羊羊牧业股份有限公司 | Food detection meat water content detection device |
-
2018
- 2018-09-01 CN CN201811017705.9A patent/CN108801911B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108801911A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109100396B (en) | Device and method for measuring solid water content on line | |
| CN103736675A (en) | Battery sorting system and sorting method | |
| CN108801911B (en) | Method for measuring water content of solid by measuring deformation of solid | |
| CN204009028U (en) | Magnet mgnetic observations device | |
| CN107462175A (en) | A kind of lucite thickness testing device and its detection method | |
| CN114754662A (en) | Automatic detection device and detection method for wall thickness of pipe | |
| CN208205977U (en) | A kind of thickness gauge for cloth | |
| CN107389005B (en) | Automatic measuring instrument for bearing inner hole | |
| CN113500461B (en) | Thickness on-line measuring instrument for copper pipe production line | |
| CN115265457A (en) | Linear rolling guide rail pair straightness detection device and method | |
| CN213875938U (en) | Proximity switch detection device | |
| CN108692646B (en) | Bearing outer ring raceway groove measuring device | |
| CN103116129A (en) | Automobile switch testing equipment | |
| CN207036055U (en) | A kind of self-operated measuring unit for measuring sanitary ware dimensions length | |
| CN220626411U (en) | Testing device for mining speed sensor | |
| CN215218370U (en) | Bursting strength tester | |
| CN221055721U (en) | Optical detection equipment for thickness of plate | |
| CN220933086U (en) | Surface contact type electrostatic potential testing device | |
| CN209910627U (en) | Battery cell length detection device | |
| CN108593716A (en) | A kind of device and method of quick measurement solid aqueous rate | |
| CN217506568U (en) | Spring coil number detection device | |
| CN109443266A (en) | A kind of building prefabricated components outer dimension self-operated measuring unit | |
| CN219656914U (en) | Automatic calibration device for electric vortex sensor | |
| CN219694107U (en) | Square bar overall dimension measuring equipment | |
| CN215812333U (en) | Carbon brush friction coefficient test platform |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: A method of measuring the moisture content of a solid by measuring its deformation Effective date of registration: 20211214 Granted publication date: 20200602 Pledgee: Yantai financing guarantee Group Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Yantai University Registration number: Y2021980014841 |
|
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20220317 Granted publication date: 20200602 Pledgee: Yantai financing guarantee Group Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Yantai University Registration number: Y2021980014841 |