CN108798963A - Starting system based on fuel engines and automobile - Google Patents
Starting system based on fuel engines and automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108798963A CN108798963A CN201710287550.XA CN201710287550A CN108798963A CN 108798963 A CN108798963 A CN 108798963A CN 201710287550 A CN201710287550 A CN 201710287550A CN 108798963 A CN108798963 A CN 108798963A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- super capacitor
- switch
- unidirectional
- starter
- converters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
- F02N11/0866—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N2011/0881—Components of the circuit not provided for by previous groups
- F02N2011/0888—DC/DC converters
Abstract
A kind of starting system and automobile based on fuel engines, the system comprises：Super capacitor, unidirectional DC/DC converters, generator, starter and starting system controller, the starting system controller is connect with the super capacitor and the unidirectional DC/DC converters respectively, according to the start signal for starting the starter, and the output voltage of the super capacitor, control the unidirectional DC/DC converters on or off, in the unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting, the unidirectional DC/DC converters after the output voltage progress voltage conversion of the super capacitor to the starter to powering.The present invention program can effectively manage the energy of super capacitor storage, be conducive to extend power-on time of the super capacitor when starter starts, and the chance that accumulator is individually powered to starter be reduced, to extend the service life of accumulator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the starting technique field of automobile, especially a kind of starting system and vapour based on fuel engines
Vehicle.
Background technology
With the economic sustained and rapid development in China, automobile industry is become increasingly prosperous.Automobile primary currently on the market will be with fuel oil
Based on vehicle, power, including petrol engine and diesel engine are provided by fuel engines.
The common start mode of fuel engines starts for starter, when the driving gear on starter shaft flies with engine
When taking turns the ring tooth engagement on periphery, the electromagnetic torque that starter rotation generates passes to the bent axle of engine by flywheel, makes combustion
Oil turbine starts.
Existing starter mostly uses accumulator as energy supply unit, but the heavy current impact in starting process
Accumulator itself can be damaged.This is because starting initial instant, starter does not generate induced potential, causes to start
Immediate current is very big, and accumulator is large current discharge for a long time, will lead to accumulator plate hyperpolarization phenomenon, and then make the longevity
Life greatly shortens.
The above problem is more highlighted with the exploitation of start stop system.Specifically, due in running car, start
Machine has the considerable part time to be in idling mode, and there are about 5% fuel consumptions in the idling state, to reduce fuel consumption and row
It puts, start stop system is developed.Specifically, in automobile waiting signal lamp or traffic congestion, engine is automatically closed；When wanting
Continue when driving, let slip the clutch or to loosen the brake, engine is restarted immediately.Pass through the tune of start stop system
Section reaches and reduces generated fuel consumption and exhaust emissions under auto idle speed operating mode.In addition, driver is in release throttle
When pedal or brake make vehicle deceleration, extra energy will be generated, often all becomes heat and dissipate in air, by braking energy
Recycling, and then this portion of energy is re-used by generator, it charges to accumulator in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure, helps to carry
The fuel economy of high automobile.
Due to the application of start stop system, number of starts, the frequency of automobile increase, and lead to the frequency of accumulator cell charging and discharging also phase
Increase with answering, so that the life of storage battery is reduced to a greater extent.And since the arrangement space of accumulator is limited, closely, frequency
Numerous charge and discharge make heat accumulate, and then accumulator exposure is made to cause high temperature failure in the high temperature environment.Further,
When accumulator charges to other electrical loads, other electrical loads and entire automobile electric system will also be had an impact.
Super capacitor is expected to substitution accumulator as another energy supply unit.This is because super capacitor has charge and discharge
Electrical efficiency height (99% can be reached), have extended cycle life and (can reach 1,000,000 times), temperature applicable range it is wide by (- 40 DEG C~65
DEG C) the advantages of, it can efficiently utilize the power of transient state feedback braking.But compared with accumulator, super capacitor capacity is smaller, single
The finite energy of secondary charge and discharge causes in the Brake energy recovery in face of continuing big intensity, limited ability.Electric power storage in order to balance
The advantages of pond and super capacitor, the existing scheme for being used in conjunction with the two of the prior art, such as in a kind of composite energy storage technology
Accumulator and super capacitor is in parallel, start-up energy source is provided to be embodied as starter, and carry out Brake energy recovery.
But in the prior art, it is susceptible to because super capacitor energizes deficiency in automobile start, leads to accumulator
The case where individually carrying out high current power supply to engine, thus the problem of above-mentioned influence life of storage battery occurs again.This is because
During supplying energy, as electric energy exports, the output voltage of super capacitor will continuously decrease, until being reduced to work electric
When depressing limit value (such as 8V), in order to protect engine, super capacitor and other electrical loads not to be influenced by low pressure, it has to stop
Only super capacitor supplying power for outside.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of starting system and automobile based on fuel engines, according to super
The unidirectional DC/DC converters on or off of output voltage control of capacitance can effectively manage the energy of super capacitor storage,
It is conducive to extend power-on time of the super capacitor when starter starts, reduces the chance that accumulator is individually powered to starter,
To extend the service life of accumulator.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of starting system based on fuel engines, it is described
System includes super capacitor, unidirectional DC/DC converters, generator, starter and starting system controller, wherein the super electricity
The first end of appearance connects the first end of the starter, the second end of the super capacitor and the unidirectional DC/DC converters
First end connects, and the second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters connects the second end of the starter；The generator with it is described
Super capacitor is in parallel, is suitable for charging to the super capacitor；The starting system controller respectively with the super capacitor and institute
The connection of unidirectional DC/DC converters is stated, according to the output voltage for the start signal and the super capacitor for starting the starter,
The unidirectional DC/DC converters on or off is controlled, in the unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting, the unidirectional DC/DC becomes
Parallel operation after the output voltage progress voltage conversion of the super capacitor to the starter to powering.
Optionally, the starting system controller includes：Receiving unit is suitable for receiving the start signal；Comparing unit,
Suitable for receiving the output voltage of the super capacitor, and it is compared with predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and predetermined voltage threshold, it is described
Predetermined voltage threshold is higher than the predeterminated voltage lower limiting value；Control unit, according to the comparison result of the comparing unit and institute
It states start signal and controls the unidirectional DC/DC converters on or off.
Optionally, the output voltage of the super capacitor higher than the predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and is less than the predeterminated voltage
When threshold value, if the receiving unit receives the start signal, the described control unit control unidirectional DC/DC transformation
Device is connected, otherwise the described control unit control unidirectional DC/DC converters shutdown.
Optionally, it is less than predeterminated voltage lower limiting value, described control unit control in response to the voltage of super capacitor output
Make the unidirectional DC/DC converters shutdown.
Optionally, the embodiment of the invention also includes first switch, first end connects the second end of the super capacitor,
Second end connects the second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters, and the control terminal of the first switch is controlled by described control unit,
It is higher than the predetermined voltage threshold in response to the output voltage of the super capacitor, described control unit controls the first switch
Conducting, so that the super capacitor is powered via the first switch to the starter.
Optionally, the first switch includes electronic relay.
Optionally, the embodiment of the invention also includes accumulator, the first end of the accumulator connects the of the starter
One end, the second end of the accumulator connect the second end of the starter.
Optionally, when the first switch is connected, the generator is filled via the first switch to the accumulator
Electricity.
Optionally, the embodiment of the invention also includes second switches, and the second end of the accumulator is via the second switch
The second end of the starter is connected, the control terminal of the second switch is controlled by described control unit, in the second switch
When conducting, the accumulator is powered by the second switch to the starter.
Optionally, when the first switch and the second switch is connected, the generator is via the first switch and
Two switch to accumulator charging.
Optionally, the second switch includes electronic relay.
Optionally, the embodiment of the invention also includes electrical load, the first end of the electrical load connects the starter
First end, the second end of the electrical load connects the second end of the starter, and the super capacitor is via described first
It switchs and powers to the electrical load.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of automobile, the automobile include it is above-mentioned based on
The starting system of fuel engines.
Compared with prior art, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that：
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of starting system based on fuel engines, and the starting system may include super
Capacitance, unidirectional DC/DC converters, generator, starter and starting system controller, wherein the first end of the super capacitor
The first end of the starter is connected, the second end of the super capacitor is connect with the first end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters,
The second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters connects the second end of the starter；The generator and the super capacitor are simultaneously
Connection is suitable for charging to the super capacitor；The starting system controller respectively with the super capacitor and the unidirectional DC/DC
Converter connects, and according to the output voltage for the start signal and the super capacitor for starting the starter, controls the list
To DC/DC converter on or off, in the unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting, the unidirectional DC/DC converters are to described
The output voltage of super capacitor is powered after carrying out voltage conversion to the starter.Using the embodiment of the present invention, according to super electricity
The unidirectional DC/DC converters on or off of output voltage control of appearance can effectively manage the energy of super capacitor storage, have
It, can be with high current fast charging and discharging using the super capacitor conducive to power-on time of the super capacitor when starter starts is extended
Excellent performance, reduce when starter starts, accumulator individually to starter power chance, to avoid high current to storage
The impact of battery extends the service life of accumulator.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention carries out electricity using unidirectional DC/DC converters to the output voltage of the super capacitor
Pressure conversion, realizes supplying power for outside after so that super capacitor is passed through the unidirectional DC/DC converters, the stabilization of operating voltage may be implemented
Output.Specifically, as electric energy exports, the output voltage of super capacitor continuously decreases, and to realize that constant pressure is kept, can pass through
Variable DC voltage is converted into fixed DC voltage by unidirectional DC/DC converters, so protect entire automobile electric system and
Electrical load.
Further, the real-time example of the present invention is by controlling unidirectional DC/DC converters and the switching device in the starting system,
The energy supply ratio of super capacitor and accumulator can be adjusted according to the output voltage of super capacitor.Super capacitor output voltage compared with
Gao Shi provides space for the Brake energy recovery in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure, increases the combustion of vehicle by preferentially using super capacitor
Oily economy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic block diagram of starting system based on fuel engines in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of another starting system based on fuel engines in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic block diagram of another starting system based on fuel engines in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic block diagram of another starting system based on fuel engines in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart for the method that tail-off is controlled in a kind of start stop system in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart for the method that engine start is controlled in a kind of start stop system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As described in the background section, in the prior art, it is connected when by accumulator and super capacitor, is starter
There is provided start-up energy source when, frequently occur because super capacitor deficiency is energized in automobile start, cause accumulator individually to
Engine carries out the case where high current power supply, and then since frequent charge and discharge make the life of storage battery reduce.
The present inventor passes through the study found that the key of the above problem is in the prior art not to super capacitor
Energy supply situation and energy supply object are limited, and also can not just ensure that the operating voltage of super capacitor is in when needing super capacitor to work
It can working range.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of starting system based on fuel engines, and the starting system may include super
Capacitance, unidirectional DC/DC converters, generator, starter and starting system controller, wherein the first end of the super capacitor
The first end of the starter is connected, the second end of the super capacitor is connect with the first end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters,
The second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters connects the second end of the starter；The generator and the super capacitor are simultaneously
Connection is suitable for charging to the super capacitor；The starting system controller respectively with the super capacitor and the unidirectional DC/DC
Converter connects, and according to the output voltage for the start signal and the super capacitor for starting the starter, controls the list
To DC/DC converter on or off, in the unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting, the unidirectional DC/DC converters are to described
The output voltage of super capacitor is powered after carrying out voltage conversion to the starter.Using the embodiment of the present invention, according to super electricity
The unidirectional DC/DC converters on or off of output voltage control of appearance, can be reduced in the operating voltage of the super capacitor
When predetermined voltage threshold, limiting the super capacitor only can power to starter in the case where starter starts, not to it
Its electric appliance load is powered, and the also not supplying power for outside in the case where non-starter starts.To effectively manage super capacitor
The energy of storage is conducive to extend power-on time of the super capacitor when starter starts, can be big using the super capacitor
The excellent performance of electric current fast charging and discharging reduces the chance that accumulator is individually powered to starter, to avoid high current to storing
The impact of battery extends the service life of accumulator.
It is understandable to enable above-mentioned purpose, feature and the advantageous effect of the present invention to become apparent, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this
The specific embodiment of invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic block diagram of starting system based on fuel engines in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the starting system 10 based on fuel engines that the embodiment of the present invention proposes may include：Super electricity
Hold 101, unidirectional DC/DC converters 102, generator 103, starter 104 and starting system controller 105.
Wherein, the first end of the super capacitor 101 connects the first end of the starter 104, the super capacitor 101
Second end connect with the first end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters 102, the second ends of the unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 connects
Connect the second end of the starter 104.
It in specific implementation, can be by starting the braking energy of energy and recycling needed for estimation using the super of suitable capacity
Grade capacitance 101, as a unrestricted example, it is monomer series-connected to may be used 6 super capacitors, wherein each monomer capacitance
Amount is 1200F, forms the super capacitor of 200F.
The unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 are also referred to as Unidirectional direct-current and turn direct current (Direct Current/Direct
Current, DC/DC) converter, Switching Power Supply or switch adjuster, when conducting may be implemented to exist the DC voltage of input terminal
Output end is converted to the DC voltage of different voltages value, or the different DC voltage of input terminal is converted to the constant of output end
DC voltage, and turn-off current can be played the role of when off.It in embodiments of the present invention, can be by super capacitor 101
Working range in output voltage (8v~15v) be converted to constant voltage output, help to protect starter 104, other electrical
Load and entire automobile electric system.As a non-limitative example, for the vehicle electricity consumption system that constant voltage demand is 13.8v
System, it is 9V to 18V that input voltage range, which may be used, and the constant voltage being converted to is the unidirectional DC/DC converters of 13.8v
102。
The generator 103 is in parallel with the super capacitor 101, is suitable for charging to the super capacitor 101.Preferably,
When automobile brake slows down, the generator 103 can utilize the energy of braking recycling to charge to the super capacitor 101.
The starting system controller 105 connects with the super capacitor 101 and the unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 respectively
It connects, according to the output voltage for the start signal and the super capacitor 101 for starting the starter 104, controls described unidirectional
102 on or off of DC/DC converters.When the unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 are connected, the unidirectional DC/DC converters
The output voltage of 102 pairs of super capacitors 101 is powered after carrying out voltage conversion to the starter 104.As the unidirectional DC/
When DC converters 102 turn off, the super capacitor 101 will stop supplying power for outside, store dump energy.
In specific implementation, the super capacitor 101, unidirectional DC/DC converters 102, generator 103 and starter 104
Between can be connected by rigid line.The starting system controller 105 passes through Vehicle Controller local area network (Controller
Area Network, CAN) it is connect with the super capacitor 101 and the unidirectional DC/DC converters 102, and with vehicle body CAN
The form of signal get control starter 104 start start signal, speed, the electric current of super capacitor 101 and voltage signal,
The signal of unidirectional DC/DC converters 102, the tach signal etc. of generator 103 and starter 104.
In specific implementation, the starting system controller 105 may include receiving unit (not shown), comparing unit
(not shown) and control unit (not shown).Wherein, the receiving unit is suitable for receiving the start signal.The comparing unit
Suitable for receiving the output voltage of the super capacitor 101, and it is compared with predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and predetermined voltage threshold, institute
It states predetermined voltage threshold and is higher than the predeterminated voltage lower limiting value.Described control unit is suitable for the comparison knot according to the comparing unit
Fruit and the start signal control unidirectional 102 on or off of DC/DC converters.
Wherein, comparator may be used in the comparing unit, and described control unit may be used microcontroller, may be programmed and patrol
Collect device etc..The embodiment of the present invention does not carry out special limit to the specific implementation mode of receiving unit, comparing unit and control unit
System.
Further, higher than predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and it is less than predeterminated voltage in the output voltage of the super capacitor 101
When threshold value, if the receiving unit receives the start signal, the described control unit control unidirectional DC/DC transformation
Device 102 is connected, and otherwise the described control unit control unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 turn off.
Specifically, the predetermined voltage threshold is arranged to limit the supply object of the super capacitor 101, when super
When the output voltage of grade capacitance 101 is more than predetermined voltage threshold, the super capacitor 101 can be to entire automobile electric system and its
Its electrical load is powered.When the output voltage of super capacitor 101 is reduced to predetermined voltage threshold or less, the super capacitor
101 will retain remaining capacity, suspend supplying power for outside, super to ensure when needing super capacitor 101 to power to starter 104
The operating voltage of capacitance 101 is in can working range.
It is understood that if predetermined voltage threshold setting it is excessively high, will cause super capacitor 101 retain electricity mistake
It is more, it cannot but power to entire automobile electric system and other electrical loads in the case of electricity abundance, will be unable to make full use of super
The high characteristic of grade 101 efficiency for charge-discharge of capacitance, so as to cause the wasting of resources.If predetermined voltage threshold setting is too low, will cause
Keep the reservation electricity of super capacitor 101 very few, when electricity, which is as little as unable to supply starter 104, to be started, still has to adopt
It is powered to starter 104 with accumulator (not shown), to not have the effect for protecting accumulator from heavy current impact.
It is the vehicle electricity system of 13.8V, predeterminated voltage for requiring constant voltage as a unrestricted example
Threshold value could be provided as 10V.
The predeterminated voltage lower limiting value is the working range lower limiting value of the super capacitor 101, is super in order to limit
Capacitance 101 except working range supplying power for outside and be arranged.As a unrestricted example, for constant voltage demand
For the vehicle electricity system of 13.8V, predeterminated voltage lower limiting value could be provided as 8V.
When the super capacitor 101 output voltage higher than predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and less than predetermined voltage threshold constantly,
The super capacitor 101 can only power to starter 104 in the case where starter 104 starts, but not to other electric appliances
Load supplying.To effectively extend power-on time of the super capacitor 101 when starter 104 starts, the super electricity is utilized
The chance that accumulator is individually powered to starter 104 can be reduced with the excellent performance of high current fast charging and discharging by holding 101, to
Impact of the high current to accumulator is avoided, the service life of accumulator is extended.
Further, it is less than predeterminated voltage lower limiting value, the control in response to the voltage that the super capacitor 101 exports
The unit control unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 turn off.
Specifically, when the output voltage of super capacitor 101 is down to working range lower limiting value, in order to protect vehicle to be electrically
System and other electrical loads limit 101 supplying power for outside of super capacitor.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram of another starting system based on fuel engines in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, the starting system 20 based on fuel engines that the embodiment of the present invention proposes may include：Super capacitor 201, list
To DC/DC converters 202, generator 203, starter 204, starting system controller 205 and first switch 206.
Wherein, the first end of the first switch 206 connects the second end of the super capacitor 201, second end connection
The second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters 202, the control terminal of the first switch 206 are controlled by described control unit, response
It is higher than predetermined voltage threshold in the output voltage of the super capacitor 201, described control unit controls the first switch 206 and leads
It is logical, so that the super capacitor 201 is powered via the first switch 206 to the starter 204.
Specifically, the super capacitor 201 can be made directly to power to starter 204 by the conducting of first switch 206,
To improve power supply efficiency.Although keeping 201 constant pressure of the super capacitor defeated this is because unidirectional DC/DC converters 202 can play
The effect gone out, but electric current flows through unidirectional DC/DC converters 202 and can lead to energy loss, referring to Fig.1 in unidirectional DC/DC is become
The description of parallel operation 102, as non-limiting embodiment, the input voltage ranges of the unidirectional DC/DC converters 102 used for 9V extremely
18V, the constant voltage being converted to are 13.8V, and in the case where 100% loads, working efficiency is only 88%.
With continued reference to Fig. 2, the super capacitor 201 is adjusted by the shutdown of first switch 206 and is directly supplied to starter 204
Electricity helps to realize the electric current of bigger, starts faster, more efficient.
Further, it sets when the output voltage of super capacitor 201 is higher than predetermined voltage threshold first switch 206 to
Conducting, helps avoid externally directly powering in 201 not enough power supply of super capacitor, causes entire automobile electric system and electrical load
It is impaired.
Wherein, electronic relay, photoelectrical coupler, reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor etc. may be used in the first switch 206.
In specific implementation, the super capacitor 201, unidirectional DC/DC converters 202, generator 203,204 and of starter
It can be connected by rigid line between first switch 206.The starting system controller 205 passes through CAN and the super capacitor 201
And the unidirectional DC/DC converters 202 connect, and get what control starter 204 started in the form of vehicle body CAN signal
Electric current and voltage signal, the signal of unidirectional DC/DC converters 202, the generator 203 of start signal, speed, super capacitor 201
With 204 tach signal of starter, the signal etc. of first switch 206.
Starting system 30 of another as shown in Figure 3 based on fuel engines may include：It is super capacitor 301, unidirectional
DC/DC converters 302, generator 303, starter 304, starting system controller 305, first switch 306, accumulator 307.
Wherein, the first end of the accumulator 307 connects the first end of the starter 304, and the of the accumulator 307
Two ends connect the second end of the starter 304.
In specific implementation, the accumulator 307 can be always connected on the starter 304, be supplied for starter 304
Electricity.This is because the control by described control unit to unidirectional DC/DC converters 302, can control the super capacitor
301 when starter 304 is started it is in parallel with accumulator 307 to starter 304 power, namely avoid accumulator 307 individually to rise
Motivation 304 is powered, to reduce the possibility that heavy current impact accumulator 307 occurs.
In addition, when the first switch 306 is connected, the generator 303 is via the first switch 306 to the storage
Battery 307 charges.
In specific implementation, generator 303 can be selected to charge for accumulator 307 by controlling the first switch 306
Or charge for super capacitor 301, to adjust the energy supply ratio of super capacitor 301 and accumulator 307, utilize super capacitor 301
The high characteristic of efficiency for charge-discharge increases the fuel economy of vehicle by preferentially using super capacitor 301.And then utilize electric power storage
307 capacity of pond is larger, the more sufficient characteristic of the energy of single charge and discharge, using accumulator 307 to continuing the braking energy of big intensity
It is recycled, reaches better recovering effect.
It should be pointed out that in embodiments of the present invention, may be used the non-constant generator 303 of output voltage (such as
Output voltage is 10.6V to 16V).This is because by the control to the first switch 306, generator 303 can be controlled only
It charges to accumulator 307 when output voltage is higher than 307 voltage of accumulator.Specifically, the charge and discharge shape of accumulator 307
State is voluntarily adjusted by circuit voltage and 307 voltage status of accumulator, when 307 voltage of the accumulator is less than circuit voltage, is stored
Battery 307 charges, on the contrary then discharge.It, can be to avoid due to the generator by controlling the first switch 306
303 output voltage variation leads to 307 frequent charge and discharge of accumulator.
Further, the starting system 30 can also include second switch 308, the second end of the accumulator 307
The second end of the starter 304 is connected via the second switch 308, the control terminal of the second switch 308 is by the control
Unit control processed, when the second switch 308 is connected, the accumulator 307 is by the second switch 308 to the starting
Machine 304 is powered.
In specific implementation, the accumulator 307 can be controlled by second switch 308 to power to starter 304.Specifically
For, the second switch 308 can be turned off in 301 electricity abundance of the super capacitor, avoid starting in starter 304
When, cause heavy current impact accumulator 307, and when the output voltage of super capacitor 301 is higher, it is super by preferentially using
Capacitance 301 provides space for the Brake energy recovery in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure, increases the fuel economy of vehicle.
When the first switch 306 and second switch 308 are connected, the generator 303 is via the first switch 306
It charges to the accumulator 307 with second switch 308.
In specific implementation, can be controlled by the first switch 306 and second switch 308 generator 303 whether to
Accumulator 307 charges, such as can select to stop generator 303 to accumulator when 307 electricity of accumulator reaches certain condition
307 chargings, to realize that generator 303 is super capacitor 301 or is vehicle power supply.
Wherein, electronic relay, photoelectrical coupler, reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor etc. may be used in the second switch 308.
In specific implementation, the super capacitor 301, unidirectional DC/DC converters 302, generator 303, starter 304,
It can be connected by rigid line between first switch 306, accumulator 307 and second switch 308.The starting system controller 305
It is connect with the super capacitor 301 and the unidirectional DC/DC converters 302 by CAN, and in the form of vehicle body CAN signal
Get start signal, speed, the electric current of super capacitor 301 and voltage signal, unidirectional DC/DC that control starter 304 starts
The signal of converter 302, the tach signal of generator 303 and starter 304, the current and voltage signals of accumulator 307, first open
Close the signal etc. of 306 and second switch 308.
Starting system 40 of another as shown in Figure 4 based on fuel engines may include：It is super capacitor 401, unidirectional
DC/DC converters 402, generator 403, starter 404, starting system controller 405, first switch 406 and electrical load
407。
Wherein, the first end of the electrical load 407 connects the first end of the starter 404, the electrical load 407
Second end connect the second end of the starter 404, the super capacitor 401 is via the first switch 406 to the electricity
407 power supply of gas load.
In specific implementation, it is higher than predetermined voltage threshold, described control unit in response to the output voltage of super capacitor 401
Control the conducting of the first switch 406.In the case of 401 electricity abundance of super capacitor, via the first switch 406 to institute
The power supply of electrical load 407 is stated, helps, by preferentially using super capacitor 401, to increase the fuel economy of vehicle.
In specific implementation, the super capacitor 401, unidirectional DC/DC converters 402, generator 403, starter 404,
It can be connected by rigid line between first switch 406 and electrical load 407.The starting system controller 405 passes through CAN and institute
It states super capacitor 401 and the unidirectional DC/DC converters 402 connects, and got and controlled in the form of vehicle body CAN signal
Electric current and voltage signal, the letter of unidirectional DC/DC converters 402 of start signal, speed, super capacitor 401 that motivation 404 starts
Number, the signal etc. of the tach signal of generator 403 and starter 404, first switch 406.
By build simulation model to the starting system 10,20,30 and 40 based on fuel engines described in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 into
Row emulation, acquisition the result shows that：After the embodiment of the present invention is applied to ordinary vehicle type, oil consumption highest reduces 4%.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of automobile, the automobile includes described in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 based on fuel engines
Any one of starting system 10,20,30 and 40.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure of the starting system based on fuel engines be not limited to Fig. 1,2,
The concrete structure of above-mentioned four kinds of starting systems 10,20,30 and 40, can also do various equivalent transformation shown in 3 and 4.
Further, the activation system 10,20,30 and 40 based on fuel engines described in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 can be applied to open
Stop system.Specifically, when automobile is in idling operation, engine is automatically closed depending on vehicle-state；When continuing when driving,
According to the operation of driver, engine is restarted immediately.By the adjusting of start stop system, reaches and reduce under auto idle speed operating mode
Generated fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, energy saving purpose.
Specifically, comprehensive descision should be carried out to the state of vehicle, with determine whether being capable of shutdown or startup engine.Tool
For body, when driver is intended to start and stop, and vehicle meets start and stop restrictive condition, tail-off can be controlled or opened
It is dynamic.The start and stop intention can be opened by the range state of vehicle, steering wheel position, brake pedal aperture state, gas pedal
Degree state obtains；The start and stop restrictive condition includes：Main switch signal, start stop switch signal, speed ??signal, engine condition letter
Number, water temperature signal, super capacitor status signal, battery status signal, electrical demands status signal, automotive safety signal etc..
It is the flow for the method that tail-off is controlled in a kind of start stop system in the embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 5
Figure.The method of the control tail-off may comprise steps of S501 to S510：
Step S501：Detect vehicle-state.
In specific implementation, the vehicle-state includes engine condition, automobile gear level state, brake pedal aperture, vehicle
Speed, engine water temperature, the power of electrical load currently in use and storage battery charge state (State of Charge, SOC).
Wherein, the engine condition is used to indicate engine and is in idling operation or non-idling operation.Specifically,
It refers to that reasonable match system detaches and gas pedal is totally released that engine, which is in idling operation, and engine only overcomes itself
Resistance operates, without external output work.
The automobile gear level state is used to indicate vehicle and is in neutral gear or non-neutral gear.
The brake pedal aperture is used to indicate the depth of trampling of brake pedal, such as can use one 0~100% letter
Number state brake pedal aperture, 0 represents non-brake pedal, 100% represents brake pedal maximum opening of stepping on.
The engine water temperature is used to indicate the temperature of engine.Specifically, when the engine has the low temperature, cold start-up
Engine energy consumption is larger, and also larger to engine damage.In this case, it is not recommended that close engine.
The power of the electrical load currently in use is used to indicate whether that automotive interior has the high-power use to work
Electric appliance.Specifically, when the power of electrical load currently in use is larger, the accumulator will be unable to meet with super capacitor
Power demand.In this case, it is not recommended that close engine.
The accumulator SOC is used to indicate the remaining capacity of accumulator.Specifically, when accumulator remaining capacity is too low
When, in order to avoid the harm of battery over-discharge, it is not recommended that close engine.
Step S502：Judge whether engine is in idling.When judging result is to be, step S503 can be executed；Instead
It, then can execute step S501.
In specific implementation, when engine is in idling operation, meet the prerequisite item that engine is closed in start stop system
Part, and next step detection can be carried out.Conversely, when engine is not in idling operation, detection vehicle shape should be returned
The step of state, re-starts detection.
Step S503：Judge whether automobile gear level is neutral gear.When judging result is to be, step S504 can be executed；Instead
It, then can execute step S501.
In specific implementation, when automobile gear level is neutral gear namely gearbox and driving wheel are in being kept completely separate, engine
The condition for closing engine will not be met, and next step detection can be carried out to driving wheel output work.Conversely, working as vehicle shelves
When position is not in neutral gear, the step of detecting vehicle-state should be returned, detection is re-started.
Step S504：Judge whether brake pedal aperture is more than the first default aperture threshold value.It, can when judging result is to be
To execute step S505；Conversely, can then execute step S501.
In specific implementation, when brake pedal aperture be more than the first default aperture threshold value when namely brake pedal be operated,
It represents driver and has a mind to control vehicle and slow down or stop motion, meet the condition for closing engine, and can be into
Row detects in next step.Conversely, when brake pedal is not operated, the step of detecting vehicle-state should be returned, inspection is re-started
It surveys.
As a non-limitative example, the first default aperture threshold value of brake pedal can be set as 95%.
Step S505：Judge whether speed is less than the first preset vehicle speed threshold value.When judging result is to be, step can be executed
Rapid S506；Conversely, can then execute step S501.
In specific implementation, it when speed is less than the first preset vehicle speed threshold value, represents vehicle and slows down or stop transporting
It is dynamic, meet the condition for closing engine, and next step detection can be carried out.Conversely, when speed is still higher, should return
The step of detecting vehicle-state, re-starts detection.
As a non-limitative example, the first preset vehicle speed threshold value can be set as 0.
Step S506：Judge whether engine water temperature is more than preset temperature threshold.When judging result is to be, can execute
Step S507；Conversely, can then execute step S501.
In specific implementation, engine temperature is detected by engine water temperature, when engine temperature is higher, startup is started
The energy consumption of machine is smaller, and also smaller to engine damage, meets the condition for closing engine, and can carry out next step inspection
It surveys.Conversely, when the engine has the low temperature, the step of detecting vehicle-state should be returned, re-start detection.
As a non-limitative example, preset temperature threshold can be set as 46 DEG C.
Step S507：Judge whether that the power of electrical load currently in use is less than the first predetermined power threshold value.Work as judgement
As a result it is that when being, step S508 can be executed；Conversely, can then execute step S501.
In specific implementation, when the high-power electric appliance that automotive interior is not working, it can be determined that the electric power storage
Pond and super capacitor are possible to meet the power demand of vehicle, and then think that it meets the condition for closing engine, and can be with
Carry out next step detection.Conversely, the step of should returning to detection vehicle-state, re-start detection.
As a non-limitative example, the first predetermined power threshold value can be set as 100W.
Step S508：Judge whether accumulator SOC is more than the first default power threshold.It, can be with when judging result is to be
Execute step S509；Conversely, can then execute step S501.
In specific implementation, when accumulator remaining capacity is more, it can be determined that the accumulator has with super capacitor can
The power demand of vehicle can be met, and then think that it meets the condition for closing engine, and next step detection can be carried out.Instead
It, should return to the step of detecting vehicle-state, re-start detection.
As a non-limitative example, can set the first default power threshold as accumulator SOC be 0.5.
Step S509：Judge within the default stand-by period, whether driver does not operate vehicle.When judging result is
When being, step S510 can be executed；Conversely, can then execute step S501.
In specific implementation, if driver has the intention for closing engine, and do not have to vehicle in preset time
There is any operation, it is believed that it meets the condition for closing engine, and can carry out next step detection.Conversely, should return
The step of returning detection vehicle-state, re-starts detection.
As a non-limitative example, the default stand-by period can be set as 3s.This is because under urban traffic situation, gather around
Stifled phenomenon is commonplace, and setting the default stand-by period can be excessively frequent to avoid start and stop, is damaged to start stop system parts
And influence driving experience.
Step S510：Close engine.
In embodiments of the present invention, when intention of the driver with closing engine, and vehicle meets closing engine
When restrictive condition, tail-off is controlled, fuel consumption and discharge can be significantly decreased.
It is the flow for the method that engine start is controlled in a kind of start stop system in the embodiment of the present invention with reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 6
Figure.The method of the control engine start may comprise steps of S601 to S611：
Step S601：Detect vehicle-state.
In specific implementation, the vehicle-state includes brake pedal aperture, automobile gear level state, steering wheel position, just
In the power, accumulator SOC and speed of the electrical load used.
Wherein, the brake pedal aperture is used to indicate the depth of trampling of brake pedal, for example, can with one 0~
100% signal states brake pedal aperture, and 0 represents non-brake pedal, 100%, which represents brake pedal maximum of stepping on, opens
Degree.
The automobile gear level state is used to indicate vehicle and is in neutral gear or non-neutral gear.
The steering wheel position is used to indicate whether to detect that steering wheel rotates, represents driver and have intention to start and start
Machine.
The power of the electrical load currently in use is used to indicate whether that automotive interior has the high-power use to work
Electric appliance.Specifically, when the power of electrical load currently in use is larger, the accumulator will be unable to meet with super capacitor
Power demand.In this case, engine should be started.
The accumulator SOC is used to indicate the remaining capacity of accumulator.Specifically, when accumulator remaining capacity is too low
When, in order to avoid the harm of battery over-discharge, engine should be started.
Step S602：Judge whether brake pedal aperture is less than the second default aperture threshold value.It, can when judging result is to be
To execute step S608；Conversely, can then execute step S603.
In specific implementation, when brake pedal aperture be less than the second default aperture threshold value when namely brake pedal unclamp, generation
Table driver has a mind to start engine, should directly carry out the preparation before startup engine.Conversely, working as brake pedal not
When being released, it can continue to detect other vehicle-states.
As a non-limitative example, the second default aperture threshold value of brake pedal can be set as 5%.
Step S603：Judge whether automobile gear level is neutral gear.When judging result is to be, step S604 can be executed；Instead
It, then can execute step S608.
In specific implementation, when automobile gear level is neutral gear namely gearbox and driving wheel are in being kept completely separate, engine
Driver will not be represented to driving wheel output work, such case to have a mind to start engine, can continue to detect other vehicles
State.Conversely, when automobile gear level is not in neutral gear, represents driver and have a mind to start engine, should directly be started
Preparation before engine.
Step S604：Judge whether steering wheel rotational angle is more than predetermined angle threshold value.It, can be with when judging result is to be
Execute step S608；Conversely, can then execute step S605.
When detecting steering wheel rotation, represents driver and have a mind to control vehicle movement, need to start engine, it should
Directly carry out the preparation before startup engine.Conversely, and be not detected steering wheel rotation when, can continue to detect other vehicles
State.
As a non-limitative example, predetermined angle threshold value can be set as 3 degree.
Step S605：Judge whether the power of electrical load currently in use is higher than the second predetermined power threshold value.Work as judgement
As a result it is that when being, step S608 can be executed；Conversely, can then execute step S606.
In specific implementation, when automotive interior has the high-power electric appliance to work, it can be determined that the electric power storage
Pond is possible to can not meet the power demand of vehicle with super capacitor, and then thinks that it needs engine start, and should be straight
It taps into row and starts the preparation before engine.Conversely, and the high-power electric appliance to work is not detected, can continue to examine
Survey other vehicle-states.
As a non-limitative example, the second predetermined power threshold value can be set as 100W.
Step S606：Judge whether accumulator SOC is less than the second default power threshold.It, can be with when judging result is to be
Execute step S608；Conversely, can then execute step S607.
In specific implementation, when accumulator remaining capacity is less, it can be determined that the accumulator has with super capacitor can
The power demand of vehicle can be can not meet, and then think that it needs engine start, and should directly carry out startup engine
Preceding preparation.Conversely, can continue to detect other vehicle-states.
As a non-limitative example, can set the second default power threshold as accumulator SOC be 0.3.
Step S607：Judge whether speed is higher than the second preset vehicle speed threshold value.When judging result is to be, step can be executed
Rapid S608；Conversely, can then execute step S601.
In specific implementation, it when speed is higher than the second preset vehicle speed threshold value, represents vehicle setting in motion or slides speed
Degree is accelerated, and meets the condition for starting engine, and can carry out the preparation before startup engine.Conversely, working as speed still
When so relatively low, the step of detecting vehicle-state should be returned, detection is re-started.
As a non-limitative example, the second preset vehicle speed threshold value can be set as 0.
Step S608：Judge whether safety problem.When judging result is to be, represents and is not suitable for starting engine,
Flow terminates；Conversely, can then execute step S609.
In specific implementation, safety problem be used to indicate start engine can no influence driving safety, such as may include
Whether driver whether close by place or engine compartment cover.
Step S609：Judge whether super capacitor output voltage is more than predetermined voltage threshold.It, can when judging result is to be
To execute step S610；Conversely, can then execute step S611.
Step S610：Super capacitor starts engine.
Step S611：Accumulator starts engine.
It powers to starter to start more descriptions of engine in relation to super capacitor and accumulator, please refers to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4
The starting system 10,20,30 and 40 based on fuel engines, details are not described herein again.
In embodiments of the present invention, when intention of the driver with startup engine, and vehicle meets startup engine
When restrictive condition, engine should be controlled and started in time, it can be to avoid causing inconvenient driving experience.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment is can
It is completed with instructing relevant hardware by program, which can be stored in computer readable storage medium, to store
Medium may include：ROM, RAM, disk or CD etc..
Although present disclosure is as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any those skilled in the art are not departing from this
It in the spirit and scope of invention, can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be with claim institute
Subject to the range of restriction.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of starting system based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that including super capacitor, unidirectional DC/DC converters, hair
Motor, starter and starting system controller, wherein：
The first end of the super capacitor connects the first end of the starter, the second end of the super capacitor with it is described unidirectional
The first end of DC/DC converters connects, and the second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters connects the second end of the starter；
The generator is in parallel with the super capacitor, is suitable for charging to the super capacitor；
The starting system controller is connect with the super capacitor and the unidirectional DC/DC converters respectively, according to starting institute
State the start signal of starter and the output voltage of the super capacitor, the control unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting or pass
It is disconnected, in the unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting, the unidirectional DC/DC converters to the output voltage of the super capacitor into
It powers to the starter after the conversion of row voltage.
2. the starting system according to claim 1 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that the starting system control
Device includes：
Receiving unit is suitable for receiving the start signal；
Comparing unit, is suitable for receiving the output voltage of the super capacitor, and with predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and predetermined voltage threshold
It is compared, the predetermined voltage threshold is higher than the predeterminated voltage lower limiting value；
Control unit is suitable for controlling the unidirectional DC/DC according to the comparison result of the comparing unit and the start signal
Converter on or off.
3. the starting system according to claim 2 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that in the super capacitor
Output voltage is higher than the predeterminated voltage lower limiting value and when being less than the predetermined voltage threshold, if the receiving unit receives
The start signal, then the described control unit control unidirectional DC/DC converters conducting, otherwise described control unit control institute
State unidirectional DC/DC converters shutdown.
4. the starting system according to claim 2 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that in response to the super electricity
The voltage for holding output is less than predeterminated voltage lower limiting value, the described control unit control unidirectional DC/DC converters shutdown.
5. the starting system according to claim 2 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that further include：First switch,
Its first end connects the second end of the super capacitor, and second end connects the second end of the unidirectional DC/DC converters, described
The control terminal of first switch is controlled by described control unit, is higher than the default electricity in response to the output voltage of the super capacitor
Press threshold value, described control unit to control first switch conducting so that the super capacitor via the first switch to institute
State starter power supply.
6. the starting system according to claim 5 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that the first switch includes
Electronic relay.
7. the starting system according to claim 5 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that further include：Accumulator, institute
The first end for stating accumulator connects the first end of the starter, and the second end of the accumulator connects the second of the starter
End.
8. the starting system according to claim 7 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that led in the first switch
When logical, the generator charges via the first switch to the accumulator.
9. the starting system according to claim 7 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that further include：Second switch,
The second end of the accumulator connects the second end of the starter, the control terminal of the second switch via the second switch
It is controlled by described control unit, when the second switch is connected, the accumulator is by the second switch to the starting
Machine is powered.
10. the starting system according to claim 9 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that in the first switch
When being connected with second switch, the generator charges via the first switch and the second switch to the accumulator.
11. the starting system according to claim 9 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that the second switch packet
Include electronic relay.
12. the starting system according to claim 5 based on fuel engines, which is characterized in that further include：It is electrical negative
It carries, the first end of the electrical load connects the first end of the starter, and the second end connection of the electrical load is described to be risen
The second end of motivation, the super capacitor are powered via the first switch to the electrical load.
13. a kind of automobile, which is characterized in that include starting of claim 1~12 any one of them based on fuel engines
System.
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| CN201710287550.XA CN108798963B (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2017-04-27 | Starting system based on fuel engine and automobile |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110594069A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-12-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Engine starting and energy recovery system and control method thereof |
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