CN108798807A - A kind of three-level power generation of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction and seawater desalination system and its method of comprehensive utilization - Google Patents
A kind of three-level power generation of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction and seawater desalination system and its method of comprehensive utilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN108798807A CN108798807A CN201810540577.XA CN201810540577A CN108798807A CN 108798807 A CN108798807 A CN 108798807A CN 201810540577 A CN201810540577 A CN 201810540577A CN 108798807 A CN108798807 A CN 108798807A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/04—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled condensation heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of power generation of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level and seawater desalination systems, including electricity generation system and seawater desalination system, electricity generation system include LNG circulating pumps, sea water pump；Level-one generator unit, including level-one working medium evaporator, first turbine, level-one LNG evaporator, level-one working medium pump；Two level generator unit, including two level working medium evaporator, second turbine, two level current divider, two level LNG evaporator, secondary mixer, two level working medium pump；Three-level generator unit, including three-level working medium evaporator, three level steam turbines, three-level current divider, three-level LNG evaporator, three-level mixer, three-level working medium pump, heat exchanger, three-level LNG evaporator；Seawater desalination system includes heat exchanger, level Four LNG evaporator, crystallizer, washer and melter；Further relate to the method for comprehensive utilization of above system.The advantage of the invention is that：The present invention can ensure the matching of generating working medium and the temperature of cold energy needed for sea water desalination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power generation of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level and seawater desalination systems, further relate to above-mentioned power generation and seawater
The method of comprehensive utilization of desalination system.
Background technology
Energy-saving and environment-friendly today is being advocated, natural gas is used widely with the spatter property of itself.Due to current natural gas
It is mainly transported by cargo ship in the form of LNG using preceding, and is being supplied to user that can be gasified in receiving station before
At gaseous state, and a large amount of cold energy will be discharged during gasifying, if this part cold energy is not used, energy can be caused
Significant wastage.Therefore it recycles and becomes very significant using this part of cold energy.
With the high speed development of global economy and the rapid growth of population, demand of the countries in the world to water also increasingly increases
Add, freshwater resources shortage has become global problem.Desalination technology has become most of country and ground in the world at present
Cope with the important means that freshwater resources lack in area.Low temperature process desalination technology is simple for process, is a kind of reliable desalination technology.
For the circumstances that current China's Coastal Areas freshwater resources lack, realizes that seawater freezing is desalinated using LNG cold energy, can not only save
The a large amount of electric energy consumed by mechanical refrigeration in traditional freezing are saved, the competitiveness of seawater freezing desalination technology is improved, and
For improving the economic benefit of China's LNG energy industries and being of great immediate significance to environmental protection etc..
That has announced or used both at home and abroad at present has using the sea water desalination scheme of LNG cold energy：Shen Qingqing（Shen Qing
Clearly, Lin Wensheng, Gu Anzhong, it is low using the indirect freezing method sea water desalination flow and its preliminary analysis [J] of LNG cold energy that Huang builds people
Temperature and superconduction, 2009, (04):10-13.）Describe a kind of indirect freezing method carrying out sea water desalination using LNG cold energy, this side
The advantages of case has system consumption energy relatively low, lighter to the corrosion of material, and there is no scale problems.But there is also such as system bulks
It is larger, larger heat exchanger area is needed, the deficiencies of heat exchange efficiency is relatively low.
Huang Meibin（Huang Meibin, Lin Wensheng, Gu Anzhong, Huang build people LNG cold energy for refrigerant contact method sea water desalination
[J] Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering, 2008, (S2):204-209.）A kind of concrete scheme of the directly freezed method using LNG cold energy is proposed,
This scheme discusses the problems such as flow of seawater desalination system, the selection of intermediate refrigerant, determination of major parameter.But this scheme is
Iso-butane by -150 DEG C of LNG directly with -5 DEG C exchanges heat, and the damage in heat exchanger is larger, therefore the cold energy profit in whole system
It is relatively low with rate.
Field Kun（Field Kun, Xu Wendong, Liang Jiayun, all LNG cold energy of Li Junli, Xiong Fan for desalination technology research with
Engineering Design [J] coal gas and heating power, 2015, (03):20-25.）Refrigerant is in direct contact freezing with R410A as cold
The refrigerant mediate contact freezing of matchmaker compares, the discovery situation identical with the cold of Absorption by Sea Water in the cold that LNG discharges
Under, the scheme that direct method desalinizes seawater is better than indirect method sea water desalination scheme.
The above research is that the cold energy of LNG is all used in sea water desalination scheme, does not account for different potential temperature cold energy
Utilization, only simply recycled part cold energy, caused the waste of a large amount of cold energy.For different potential temperature LNG cold energy,
It needs synthesis that different recovery methods is taken to carry out LNG cold energy ladders to utilize.
Through retrieval, existing patent uses the utilization of LNG cold energy ladders, such as patent CN102967099B and
CN104803432A, but CN102967099B be the cold energy of cold energy and LNG in generating working medium is placed on it is multiple relatively independent
Cycle in utilize, the equipment needed for whole system is more, increases the complexity of system；CN104803432A proposes one
Kind utilizes 5 grades of systems of LNG cold energy, since this system is more complex, for not applicable to the very high FSRU of space requirement；And
In CN104803432A, LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity only simply to be connected in series with the relationship of seawater desalination system, is
Because it is difficult the Temperature Matching with cold energy needed for sea water desalination that it, which sends out the cold energy of first order generating working medium discharged,.
Therefore, the complexity of a kind of equipment that can be reduced needed for whole system of research and development and its system, and can be smooth
Ensure the matched LNG cold energy of the temperature of cold energy needed for generating working medium and sea water desalination for generate electricity with seawater desalination system and its
Method of comprehensive utilization is necessary.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of power generation of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level and seawater desalination systems, and
The method of comprehensive utilization of its above-mentioned power generation and seawater desalination system enough reduces the complexity of the equipment and its system needed for whole system
Degree, and can smoothly ensure the matching of generating working medium and the temperature of cold energy needed for sea water desalination.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：A kind of three-level power generation of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction is light with seawater
Change system, innovative point are：Including electricity generation system and seawater desalination system；
The electricity generation system includes a LNG booster pumps, a sea water pump, further includes being sequentially distributed in longitudinal array
Level-one generator unit, the level-one generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the level-one working medium steaming to form closed loop
Device, first turbine, level-one LNG evaporator, level-one working medium pump and the level-one generating working medium recycled in the closed loop are sent out,
In, the both ends of level-one working medium evaporator all have a pair of of level-one heat source input terminal, level-one heat source output terminal, the level-one heat of one end
Source input terminal is connected with level-one working medium pump, and the level-one heat source output terminal of the other end is connected with first turbine, and the level-one LNG steams
The both ends of hair device all have a pair of of level-one heat source input terminal, level-one heat source output terminal, the level-one heat source input terminal of one end and one
Level steam turbine is connected, and the level-one heat source input terminal of the other end is connected with LNG circulating pumps, the level-one heat source output terminal and level-one of one
Working medium pump is connected；
Two level generator unit, the two level generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the two level working medium steaming to form closed loop
Send out device, second turbine, two level current divider, two level LNG evaporator, secondary mixer, two level working medium pump and in the closed loop
The two level generating working medium of middle cycle, wherein the both ends of two level working medium evaporator all have a pair of of secondary source of heat input terminal, two level heat
The secondary source of heat input terminal of source output terminal, one end is connected with two level working medium pump, the secondary source of heat output end and two level of the other end
Steam turbine is connected, and there are one input terminal, three output ends, input terminal is connected two level current divider tool with second turbine, wherein
One output end is connected with the level-one heat source input terminal of the one end that is connected with first turbine in level-one working medium evaporator, the two level
The both ends of LNG evaporator all have a pair of of secondary source of heat input terminal, secondary source of heat output end, and there are three inputs for secondary mixer tool
End, an output end, the secondary source of heat input terminal of two level LNG evaporator one end and another output end phase of two level current divider
Even, the secondary source of heat output end of the two level LNG evaporator other end is connected with the one of input terminal of secondary mixer, two level heat
Source input terminal is connected with the level-one heat source output terminal of the one end that is connected with first turbine in level-one LNG evaporator, secondary mixer
In another input terminal and the level-one heat source output terminal of the one end that is connected with level-one working medium pump in level-one working medium evaporator be connected,
Output end is connected with two level working medium pump；
Three-level generator unit, the three-level generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the three-level working medium steaming to form closed loop
It hair device, three level steam turbines, three-level current divider, three-level LNG evaporator, three-level mixer, three-level working medium pump, heat exchanger and closes at this
The three-level generating working medium recycled in loop back path, wherein there are one output end, two input terminals, output ends for three-level hybrid instrument
It is connected with three-level working medium pump, one of input terminal and the two level of the one end that is connected with two level working medium pump in two level working medium evaporator heat
Source output terminal is connected, and the both ends of heat exchanger are respectively provided with two three-level heat source input terminals, two three-level heat source output terminals, one end
A three-level heat source input terminal be connected with three-level working medium pump, point in another three-level heat source input terminal and seawater desalination system
It flows device to be connected, a three-level heat source output terminal of the other end is connected with a heat source input terminal of three-level working medium evaporator；It is another
A three-level heat source output terminal is connected with the mixer in seawater desalination system, and the both ends of three-level working medium evaporator are respectively provided with two
One three-level heat source input terminal of three-level heat source input terminal, two three-level heat source output terminals, one end is connected with heat exchanger, another
A three-level heat source input terminal is connected with sea water pump, and a three-level heat source output terminal of homonymy is connected with three level steam turbines, three fractions
Utensil is flowed there are one input terminal, two output ends, and input terminal is connected with three level steam turbines, one of output end and two level work
It is connected with the secondary source of heat input terminal of second turbine homonymy in matter evaporator, one end of the three-level LNG evaporator has two
A three-level heat source input terminal, a three-level heat source output terminal, and one of end three-level heat source input terminal and three level shunts
Another output end of device is connected, another three-level heat source input terminal is connected with the remaining output end of two level current divider, and three
The other end tool of grade LNG evaporator is there are two three-level heat source output terminal, a three-level heat source input terminal, and the three-level heat source at the end
Input terminal is connected with the secondary source of heat output end for one end homonymy that is connected with two level current divider in two level LNG evaporator, and the end is wherein
A three-level heat source output terminal be connected with the remaining output end of secondary mixer, another three-level heat source output terminal and three
Another output end of grade mixer is connected；
The seawater desalination system includes mixer, current divider, heat exchanger, sea water desalination working medium pump, sea water pump, level Four LNG steamings
Send out device, crystallizer, washer and melter, the heat exchanger be arranged in series in three-level working medium pump and three-level working medium evaporator it
Between, heat exchanger also has another input terminal and another output end, and the crystallizer one side wall and bottom centre are respectively provided with
It is respectively provided with output end, the output end and crystallizer of level Four LNG evaporator on input terminal, crystallizer upper end center and another side wall
The input terminal of side wall is connected, and has also been arranged in series mixer and sea water desalination working medium pump on the connected pipeline；Crystallizer top
The output end in portion is connected with the input terminal of level Four LNG evaporator, and has been arranged in series current divider on the connected pipeline；Crystallizer
The output end of side wall is connected with washer bottom.The level Four LNG evaporator has input terminal and output end, the current divider
Output end is connected with the input terminal of level Four LNG evaporator, the input terminal phase of the corresponding output end of level Four LNG evaporator and mixer
Even；The three-level LNG evaporator is arranged in series between three-level current divider and three-level mixer, while being also arranged in series in two level
Between LNG evaporator and level Four LNG evaporator；
It has also been arranged in series pumping brine pump between crystallizer and washer, has been arranged in series and has drawn water between melter and washer
Also there is an ice crystal output end and strong brine output end, the ice crystal output end to be connected with melter setting for pump, washer, thawing
Also there are two output ends, an output end to be connected with the input terminal at crystalliser feet center for device bottom, another output end and pumping seawater
Pump is connected.
Further, the level-one generating working medium is R1150.
Further, the two level generating working medium is R23.
Further, the three-level generating working medium is R290.
Further, the sea water desalination working medium is iso-butane.
The method of comprehensive utilization of a kind of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level power generation and seawater desalination system, innovative point are：It is described
Method of comprehensive utilization is that high-grade LNG cold energy is converted to electric energy using electricity generation system first, is then absorbed simultaneously using refrigerant
Cold energy after the completion of electricity generation system in LNG and third level generating working medium, then by refrigerant be sent into the crystallizer of seawater desalination system with
Seawater direct heat transfer, and complete desalting process.
Further, the step of method of comprehensive utilization is specially：
a）Generating working mediums at different levels absorb cold energy of liquefied natural gas liquefaction：It will be forced into 8MPa close to the liquefied natural gas of normal pressure, at
High pressure LNG, high pressure LNG exchange heat in LNG evaporator with gaseous state generating working mediums at different levels, and generating working mediums at different levels absorb the cold energy of LNG
All liquefaction afterwards；
b）Rankine cycle generates electricity：In level-one generator unit, the generating working medium after liquefying in level-one LNG evaporator passes through working medium
Pump is pressurized to 0.27MPa, into heating up in level-one working medium evaporator, subsequently into expansion work in turbo-expander, and drives
Generating set generates electricity；Generating working medium steam after expansion comes back in level-one LNG evaporator and exchanges heat with LNG, completes one and follows
Ring；
In two level generator unit, the generating working medium after liquefaction is pressurized to 0.57MPa by working medium pump, is steamed into grade two level working medium
It heats up in hair device, subsequently into expansion work in turbo-expander, and generating set is driven to generate electricity；Generating working medium after expansion is steamed
Vapour is divided into three strands, respectively enters the cold energy that LNG and first order working medium are absorbed in two LNG evaporators and a working medium evaporator,
Become re-mixing into one logistics by secondary mixer after liquid, reenters working medium pump supercharging and complete a cycle；
In three-level generator unit, the generating working medium after liquefaction is pressurized to 0.73MPa by working medium pump, into heat exchanger and seawater
Desalinate working medium heat exchange, after generating working medium releases cold energy, recycle heat source seawater heat up in three-level working medium evaporator, then into
Enter expansion work in turbo-expander, and generating set is driven to generate electricity；Gaseous state generating working medium after expansion is divided into two strands, respectively into
Enter in two level working medium evaporator and three-level LNG evaporator and absorb the second working medium and the cold energy of LNG, is mixed by three-level after becoming liquid
Clutch re-mixes into one logistics, reenters working medium pump supercharging and completes a cycle；
C) third level generating working medium with complete the LNG cooling seawater desalination systems simultaneously after electrification technique：It is absorbed in heat exchanger
The sea water desalination working medium of third level generating working medium cold energy and absorb LNG cold energy after electrification technique in level Four LNG evaporator
Sea water desalination working medium be mixed to form one logistics, enter crystallizer after working medium pump supercharging, cold energy passes to seawater by working medium
Afterwards, from crystallizer flow out, be divided into two streams, one enter heat exchanger absorb third level generating working medium cold energy, another stock into
Enter in level Four LNG evaporator absorb electrification technique after LNG cold energy, complete one cycle；
d）Desalting process：Sea water desalination working medium absorbs LNG with after the cold energy in third level generating working medium, makes own temperature
Reduce, then in a crystallizer with precooled sea water mixing, seawater heat release at this time freeze, become brine ice, sea water desalination work
Matter endothermic gasification becomes steam, and after completing this process, seawater is automatically separated with sea water desalination working medium, the sea water desalination after gasification
Working medium is divided into two strands, respectively enters level Four LNG evaporator with LNG cold energy is absorbed in heat exchanger and completes a cycle；Brine ice
It then is separated into ice crystal and strong brine by being pumped into scrubbing tower, ice crystal finally enters back into melter heat absorption fusion, ultimately becomes light
Water.
The advantage of the invention is that：LNG cold energy of the present invention, will be cold in generating working medium for power generation and seawater desalination system
It can be placed in the same cycle and utilize with the cold energy of LNG, reduce the equipment needed for whole system in this way, reduce answering for system
Miscellaneous degree；Meanwhile so that the cold energy that third level working medium discharges can in heat exchanger outlet temperature by controlling third level generating working medium
With the Temperature Matching with cold energy needed for sea water desalination, LNG discharges after can utilizing third level generating working medium and electrification technique simultaneously
Cold energy to seawater desalination system cooling.
LNG cold energy of the present invention is for generating electricity and the method for comprehensive utilization of seawater desalination system, in the original of cascaded utilization of energy
It manages, high-grade part is used for sea water desalination, realizes LNG cold energy for the cold energy generation that generates electricity, low-grade part in LNG cold energy
Efficient cascade utilization；And using third level working medium and LNG simultaneously as the cold energy of seawater desalination system, opposite power generation cycle and sea
The common of water desalination is connected in series with, and the heat exchange amount provided in crystallizer can improve 65.1%, by the shape for influencing sea water pump wasted work
Formula can make the net output work of electricity generation system improve 3.9%.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction the three-level power generation and seawater desalination system of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The following examples can make professional and technical personnel that the present invention be more fully understood, but therefore not send out this
It is bright to be limited among the embodiment described range.
A kind of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level power generation as shown in Figure 1 and seawater desalination system, including electricity generation system and seawater it is light
Change system.
Electricity generation system includes a LNG booster pumps 1, a sea water pump 14, further includes being sequentially distributed in longitudinal array
Level-one generator unit, the level-one generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the level-one working medium evaporation to form closed loop
Device 5, first turbine 8, level-one LNG evaporator 2, level-one working medium pump 11 and the level-one power generation work recycled in the closed loop
Matter, wherein the both ends of level-one working medium evaporator 5 all have a pair of of level-one heat source input terminal, level-one heat source output terminal, one end
Level-one heat source input terminal is connected with level-one working medium pump 11, and the level-one heat source output terminal of the other end is connected with first turbine 8, described
The both ends of level-one LNG evaporator 2 all have a pair of of level-one heat source input terminal, level-one heat source output terminal, the level-one heat source of one end
Input terminal is connected with first turbine 8, and the level-one heat source input terminal of the other end is connected with LNG circulating pumps 1, the level-one heat source of one
Output end is connected with level-one working medium pump.
In above-mentioned generator unit, level-one generating working medium uses R1150.R1150 conducts are used for level-one generating working medium
Coolant media, with LNG temperature using more matching, system run all right is securely and reliably convenient for construction.
Two level generator unit, the two level generator unit include include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the two level to form closed loop
Working medium evaporator 6, second turbine 9, two level current divider 16, two level LNG evaporator 3, secondary mixer 18, two level working medium pump 12
And the two level generating working medium recycled in the closed loop, wherein the both ends of two level working medium evaporator 6 all have a pair of of two level heat
The secondary source of heat input terminal of source input terminal, secondary source of heat output end, one end is connected with two level working medium pump 12, the two level of the other end
Heat source output terminal is connected with second turbine 9, the tool of two level current divider 16 there are one input terminal, three output ends, input terminal with
Second turbine 9 is connected, the level-one of one of output end and the one end that is connected with first turbine 8 in level-one working medium evaporator 5
Heat source input terminal is connected, and the both ends of the two level LNG evaporator 3 all have a pair of of secondary source of heat input terminal, secondary source of heat output
End, the tool of secondary mixer 18 there are three input terminal, an output end, the secondary source of heat input terminal of 3 one end of two level LNG evaporator with
Another output end of two level current divider 16 is connected, and the secondary source of heat output end of 3 other end of two level LNG evaporator is mixed with two level
The one of input terminal of 18 devices is connected, secondary source of heat input terminal be connected one in level-one LNG evaporator 2 with first turbine 8
The level-one heat source output terminal at end is connected, another input terminal in secondary mixer 18 in level-one working medium evaporator 5 with level-one
Working medium pump 11 be connected one end level-one heat source output terminal be connected, output end is connected with two level working medium pump 12.
In above-mentioned generator unit, two level generating working medium uses R23.For two level generating working medium using R23 as refrigerant
Medium, with LNG temperature using more matching, system run all right is securely and reliably convenient for construction.
Three-level generator unit, the three-level generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the three-level working medium to form closed loop
Evaporator 7, three-level current divider 17, three-level LNG evaporator 4, three-level mixer 15, three-level working medium pump 13, changes three level steam turbines 10
Hot device 19 and the three-level generating working medium recycled in the closed loop, wherein three-level mixer 15 tool there are one output end, two
Input terminal, output end are connected with three-level working medium pump 13, in one of input terminal and two level working medium evaporator 6 with two level working medium
The secondary source of heat output end for pumping 12 connected one end is connected, and the both ends of heat exchanger 19 are respectively provided with two three-level heat source input terminals, two
One three-level heat source input terminal of a three-level heat source output terminal, one end is connected with three-level working medium pump 13, another three-level heat source
Input terminal is connected with the current divider 23 in seawater desalination system, and a three-level heat source output terminal and the three-level working medium of the other end are evaporated
One heat source input terminal of device 7 is connected, another three-level heat source output terminal is connected with the mixer 21 in seawater desalination system.Three
The both ends of grade working medium evaporator 7 are respectively provided with two three-level heat source input terminals, two three-level heat source output terminals, one of one end
Three-level heat source input terminal is connected with heat exchanger 19, another three-level heat source input terminal is connected with sea water pump 14, one three of homonymy
Grade heat source output terminal is connected with three level steam turbines 10, and there are one input terminal, two output ends, input terminals for the tool of three-level current divider 17
It is connected with three level steam turbines 10, it is hot with the two level of 9 homonymy of second turbine in one of output end and two level working medium evaporator 6
Source input terminal is connected, and there are two three-level heat source input terminal, a three-level heat source outputs for one end tool of the three-level LNG evaporator 4
End, and one of end three-level heat source input terminal is connected with another output end of three-level current divider 17, another three-level
16 remaining output ends of heat source input terminal and two level current divider are connected, and there are two three for the other end tool of three-level LNG evaporator 4
Grade heat source output terminal, a three-level heat source input terminal, and with two in the three-level heat source input terminal at the end and two level LNG evaporator 3
Level shunt device 16 be connected one end homonymy secondary source of heat output end be connected, the one of three-level heat source output terminal in the end and two level
18 remaining output ends of mixer are connected, another output end of another three-level heat source output terminal and three-level mixer 15
It is connected.
In above-mentioned generator unit, three-level generating working medium uses R290.For three-level generating working medium using R290 as cold
Medium, with LNG temperature using more matching, system run all right is securely and reliably convenient for construction.
Seawater desalination system include mixer 23, current divider 21, heat exchanger 19, level Four LNG evaporator 20, crystallizer 24,
Washer 26 and melter 27, heat exchanger 19 are arranged in series between three-level working medium pump 15 and three-level working medium evaporator 7, heat exchanger
19 also have another input terminal and output end, and 24 one side wall of crystallizer and bottom centre are respectively provided with input terminal, crystallizer 24
It is respectively provided with output end on upper end center and another side wall, the output end of heat exchanger 19 is connected with the input terminal of crystallizer side wall,
And mixer 21 and sea water desalination working medium pump 22 also it have been arranged in series on the connected pipeline；The output end at the top of crystallizer 24 with
The input terminal of heat exchanger 19 is connected, and has been arranged in series current divider 23 on the connected pipeline；Level Four LNG evaporator 20 has defeated
Enter end and output end, the output end of current divider 23 is connected with the input terminal of level Four LNG evaporator 20, and level Four LNG evaporator 20 is right
The output end answered is connected with the input terminal of mixer 21；The three-level LNG evaporator 4 is arranged in series in three-level current divider 17 and three
Between grade mixer 15, while being also arranged in series between two level LNG evaporator 3 and level Four LNG evaporator 20.
It has also been arranged in series between crystallizer 24 and washer 26 and has taken out brine pump 25, between melter 27 and washer 26
It is arranged in series suction pump 28, washer 26 also has an ice crystal output end and strong brine output end, ice crystal output end and thawing
Device 27, which is connected, to be arranged, and 27 bottom of melter also has two output ends, the input terminal phase of an output end and 24 bottom centre of crystallizer
Even, another output end is connected with sea water pump 29 is taken out.
The three-level power generation of above-mentioned LNG cold energy longitudinal direction and the method for comprehensive utilization of seawater desalination system are able to reality by following step
It is existing：
Liquefied natural gas（LNG）A mole group become：95% methane, 3% ethane, 2% propane.Crystallizer 46 export refrigerant temperature be-
5 DEG C, third level generating working medium is -10 DEG C in 1 outlet temperature of heat exchanger, and level-one generating working medium is R1150, and two level generating working medium is
R23, three-level generating working medium are R290, and sea water desalination working medium is iso-butane.
LNG cold energy uses are as follows：
（1）Generating working medium absorbs cold energy of liquefied natural gas liquefaction
175t/h, 0.1MPa, -162 DEG C of LNG is pressurized to 8MPa, high pressure LNG temperature rises to -158 using LNG circulating pumps 5
DEG C, it then sequentially enters level-one LNG evaporator 2, two level LNG evaporator 3 and three-level LNG evaporator 4 and is changed with generating working mediums at different levels
Heat；First order generating working medium be R1150, the 66.1t/h in level-one LNG evaporator 2, -102.6 DEG C, the R1150 of 0.11MPa with
LNG exchanges heat, and all liquefies after the cold energy of R1150 absorptions LNG, becomes -104.6 DEG C of liquid；It is flowed out from level-one LNG evaporator 2
LNG temperature rises to -107.6 DEG C, subsequently into two level LNG evaporator 3 and 70.4t/h, -80.53 DEG C, the R23 of 0.11MPa
It exchanges heat, all liquefies after the cold energy of R23 absorptions LNG, become -82.53 DEG C of liquid；The LNG flowed out from two level LNG evaporator 3
Temperature rise is to -85.53 DEG C, simultaneously and 97.1t/h subsequently into three-level LNG evaporator 4, -40.55 DEG C, the R290 of 0.11MPa
And 16.59t/h, -80.53 DEG C, the R23 of 0.11MPa exchanges heat, and all liquefies after the cold energy of R290 absorptions LNG, becomes -42.55 DEG C
Liquid, R23 absorb LNG cold energy after all liquefy, become -82.53 DEG C of liquid.
（2）Rankine cycle generates electricity
In three-level generator unit, the three-level generating working medium R290 in the circulatory system enters after the pressurization of three-level working medium pump 13
In heat exchanger 19, becoming state is（0.73Mpa, -10 DEG C）R290, subsequently into working medium evaporator 7,20 DEG C of seawater warp
Sea water pump 14 is turned into after pressurizeing（0.75Mpa, 20.05 DEG C）Enter in three-level working medium evaporator 7 as heat source afterwards, liquid power generation
Working medium R290 is heated up through level pressure in the three-level working medium evaporator 7, i.e., with（20 DEG C, 0.75MPa）Seawater carry out heat exchange after
Become gaseous state outflow three-level working medium evaporator 7, gaseous state generating working medium R290 enters three level steam turbines, 10 external work done through pipeline and sends out
Electricity, steam exhaust after generating working medium R290 acting divide into three-level current divider 17 for two parts after the discharge of three level steam turbines 10, and one
Part（139.4t/h）As heat source enter in the two level working medium evaporator 6 in two level generator unit with two level generating working medium R23
Exchange heat, at this time R23 by（- 82.31 DEG C, 0.57MPa）State becomes（- 45.55 DEG C, 0.57MPa）State；Another part
（97.08t/h）R290 equally enters as heat source in the three-level LNG evaporator 4 in three-level generator unit, final two parts power generation
Working medium R290 reaches identical temperature, pressure（- 42.55 DEG C, 0.11MPa）, enter three-level working medium after the mixing of three-level mixer 15
Pump 13, such circulating generation.
In two level generator unit, the liquid generating working medium R23 in two level working medium pump 18 enters two level working medium through pipeline and steams
Device 6 is sent out, after the heat that the release of three-level generator unit circulating generation working medium R290 is absorbed in two level working medium evaporator 6, is become
Gaseous state enters 9 external work done of second turbine power generation through pipeline, and generating working medium R290 is in second turbine 9 after expansion work
Steam exhaust enters two level current divider 16 and divides for three parts, and a part enters the level-one working medium in level-one generator unit as heat source and evaporates
In device 5, which accounts for the 0.62 of total flow, and R1150 is by state at this time（- 104.5 DEG C, 0.26MPa）Become state（- 85.5 DEG C,
0.26MPa）, also heat source enters two level LNG evaporator 3 for second part conduct, and last part still enters three-level hair as heat source
In three-level LNG evaporator 4 in electric unit, carried out with NG together with a part of three-level generator unit circulating generation working medium R290
Heat exchange, the generating working medium R23 warps flowed out from two level LNG evaporator 3, three-level LNG evaporator 4 and two level working medium evaporator 5
Secondary mixer 18 is flowed into through pipeline in two level working medium pump 12 after mixing, such circulating generation.
In level-one generator unit, the liquid generating working medium R1150 in level-one working medium pump 11 enters level-one working medium through pipeline and steams
Device 5 is sent out, after absorbing the heat that circulating generation working medium R23 discharges in two level generator unit in level-one working medium evaporator 5, becomes gas
State（- 85.53 DEG C, 0.27Mpa）Enter first turbine 8 and externally work done power generation through pipeline, generating working medium R1150 is in level-one vapour
Steam exhaust in turbine 8 after expansion work enters in level-one LNG evaporator 2, the generating working medium flowed out from level-one LNG evaporator 2
R1150 is flowed into through pipeline in level-one working medium pump 11, such circulating generation.
（3）LNG after the completion of third level generating working medium and electrification technique cooling simultaneously
By level Four LNG evaporator 20,61.29t/h, -40 DEG C, the iso-butane of 0.13MPa is flowed out with step 2 from heat exchanger 19
Iso-butane mixing, mass flow reaches 101.2t/h；Iso-butane at this time passes through sea water desalination working medium pump 22, is forced into
Then 0.205MPa flows into crystallizer 24, crystallizer 24 can provide the heat exchange amount of 12125KW at this time, is finally flowed from crystallizer 24
The iso-butane gone out is divided into two strands and respectively enters level Four LNG evaporator 20, in heat exchanger 19 with the LNG after the completion of electrification technique with
And the heat exchange of third level generating working medium, complete a cycle.
（4）Desalting process
Sea water desalination working medium iso-butane absorbs LNG with after the cold energy in third level generating working medium, so that own temperature is reduced, then
It freezes with precooled sea water mixing, at this time seawater heat release in crystallizer 24, becomes brine ice, sea water desalination working medium heat absorption gas
Change becomes steam（The substantially latent heat exchanged）, after completing this process, seawater is automatically separated with sea water desalination working medium, after gasification
Sea water desalination working medium be divided into two strands, respectively enter level Four LNG evaporator 20 and in heat exchanger 19 absorb LNG followed with the third level
The cold energy of ring working medium completes a cycle；Brine ice is then separated into ice crystal and dense salt by taking out the feeding scrubbing tower 26 of brine pump 25
Water, ice crystal finally enter back into the heat absorption fusion of melter 27, ultimately become fresh water.
According to the operation of this example, using 175t/h, -162 DEG C, the LNG of 0.1MPa can be by cold energy generation to FSRU
4566.62KW electric power is provided, while providing 12125KW heat exchange amounts to seawater desalination system, is i.e. seawater desalination system can provide
98.77t fresh water.According to calculating, LNG electrification technique is connect with desalination process according to simple series system, system energy
4394.69KW electric power and 59.81t fresh water are provided.It can be seen that whole system can be made to send out only using the scheme that this example provides
Electricity improves 3.9%, and fresh water yield improves 65.1%.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, above-described embodiment and explanation
Merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in book, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has
Various changes and modifications, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention
It is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of LNG cold energy longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity and seawater desalination system, it is characterised in that：Including electricity generation system and sea water desalination
System；
The electricity generation system includes a LNG booster pumps, a sea water pump, further includes being sequentially distributed in longitudinal array
Level-one generator unit, the level-one generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the level-one working medium steaming to form closed loop
Device, first turbine, level-one LNG evaporator, level-one working medium pump and the level-one generating working medium recycled in the closed loop are sent out,
In, the both ends of level-one working medium evaporator all have a pair of of level-one heat source input terminal, level-one heat source output terminal, the level-one heat of one end
Source input terminal is connected with level-one working medium pump, and the level-one heat source output terminal of the other end is connected with first turbine, and the level-one LNG steams
The both ends of hair device all have a pair of of level-one heat source input terminal, level-one heat source output terminal, the level-one heat source input terminal of one end and one
Level steam turbine is connected, and the level-one heat source input terminal of the other end is connected with LNG circulating pumps, the level-one heat source output terminal and level-one of one
Working medium pump is connected；
Two level generator unit, the two level generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the two level working medium steaming to form closed loop
Send out device, second turbine, two level current divider, two level LNG evaporator, secondary mixer, two level working medium pump and in the closed loop
The two level generating working medium of middle cycle, wherein the both ends of two level working medium evaporator all have a pair of of secondary source of heat input terminal, two level heat
The secondary source of heat input terminal of source output terminal, one end is connected with two level working medium pump, the secondary source of heat output end and two level of the other end
Steam turbine is connected, and there are one input terminal, three output ends, input terminal is connected two level current divider tool with second turbine, wherein
One output end is connected with the level-one heat source input terminal of the one end that is connected with first turbine in level-one working medium evaporator, the two level
The both ends of LNG evaporator all have a pair of of secondary source of heat input terminal, secondary source of heat output end, and there are three inputs for secondary mixer tool
End, an output end, the secondary source of heat input terminal of two level LNG evaporator one end and another output end phase of two level current divider
Even, the secondary source of heat output end of the two level LNG evaporator other end is connected with the one of input terminal of secondary mixer, two level heat
Source input terminal is connected with the level-one heat source output terminal of the one end that is connected with first turbine in level-one LNG evaporator, secondary mixer
In another input terminal and the level-one heat source output terminal of the one end that is connected with level-one working medium pump in level-one working medium evaporator be connected,
Output end is connected with two level working medium pump；
Three-level generator unit, the three-level generator unit include passing sequentially through pipeline to connect the three-level working medium steaming to form closed loop
It hair device, three level steam turbines, three-level current divider, three-level LNG evaporator, three-level mixer, three-level working medium pump, heat exchanger and closes at this
The three-level generating working medium recycled in loop back path, wherein there are one output end, two input terminals, output ends for three-level hybrid instrument
It is connected with three-level working medium pump, one of input terminal and the two level of the one end that is connected with two level working medium pump in two level working medium evaporator heat
Source output terminal is connected, and the both ends of heat exchanger are respectively provided with two three-level heat source input terminals, two three-level heat source output terminals, one end
A three-level heat source input terminal be connected with three-level working medium pump, point in another three-level heat source input terminal and seawater desalination system
It flows device to be connected, a three-level heat source output terminal of the other end is connected with a heat source input terminal of three-level working medium evaporator；It is another
A three-level heat source output terminal is connected with the mixer in seawater desalination system, and the both ends of three-level working medium evaporator are respectively provided with two
One three-level heat source input terminal of three-level heat source input terminal, two three-level heat source output terminals, one end is connected with heat exchanger, another
A three-level heat source input terminal is connected with sea water pump, and a three-level heat source output terminal of homonymy is connected with three level steam turbines, three fractions
Utensil is flowed there are one input terminal, two output ends, and input terminal is connected with three level steam turbines, one of output end and two level work
It is connected with the secondary source of heat input terminal of second turbine homonymy in matter evaporator, one end of the three-level LNG evaporator has two
A three-level heat source input terminal, a three-level heat source output terminal, and one of end three-level heat source input terminal and three level shunts
Another output end of device is connected, another three-level heat source input terminal is connected with the remaining output end of two level current divider, and three
The other end tool of grade LNG evaporator is there are two three-level heat source output terminal, a three-level heat source input terminal, and the three-level heat source at the end
Input terminal is connected with the secondary source of heat output end for one end homonymy that is connected with two level current divider in two level LNG evaporator, and the end is wherein
A three-level heat source output terminal be connected with the remaining output end of secondary mixer, another three-level heat source output terminal and three
Another output end of grade mixer is connected；
The seawater desalination system includes mixer, current divider, heat exchanger, sea water desalination working medium pump, sea water pump, level Four LNG steamings
Send out device, crystallizer, washer and melter, the heat exchanger be arranged in series in three-level working medium pump and three-level working medium evaporator it
Between, heat exchanger also has another input terminal and another output end, and the crystallizer one side wall and bottom centre are respectively provided with
There is output end, output end and the crystallizer side wall of level Four LNG evaporator on input terminal, crystallizer upper end center and another side wall
Input terminal be connected, and be also arranged in series mixer and sea water desalination working medium pump on the connected pipeline；At the top of crystallizer
Output end is connected with the input terminal of level Four LNG evaporator, and has been arranged in series current divider on the connected pipeline；Crystallizer side wall
Output end be connected with washer bottom,
The level Four LNG evaporator has input terminal and output end, the output end of the current divider defeated with level Four LNG evaporator
Enter end to be connected, the corresponding output end of level Four LNG evaporator is connected with the input terminal of mixer；The three-level LNG evaporator series connection
It is arranged between three-level current divider and three-level mixer, while is also arranged in series in two level LNG evaporator and level Four LNG evaporator
Between；
It has also been arranged in series pumping brine pump between crystallizer and washer, has been arranged in series and has drawn water between melter and washer
Also there is an ice crystal output end and strong brine output end, the ice crystal output end to be connected with melter setting for pump, washer, thawing
Also there are two output ends, an output end to be connected with the input terminal at crystalliser feet center for device bottom, another output end and pumping seawater
Pump is connected.
2. LNG cold energy according to claim 1 longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity and seawater desalination system, it is characterised in that：Described one
Grade generating working medium is R1150.
3. LNG cold energy according to claim 1 longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity and seawater desalination system, it is characterised in that：Described two
Grade generating working medium is R23.
4. LNG cold energy according to claim 1 longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity and seawater desalination system, it is characterised in that：Described three
Grade generating working medium is R290.
5. LNG cold energy according to claim 1 longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity and seawater desalination system, it is characterised in that：The sea
It is iso-butane that water, which desalinates working medium,.
6. a kind of method of comprehensive utilization for realizing LNG cold energy described in claim 1 longitudinal direction three-level power generation and seawater desalination system,
It is characterized in that：The method of comprehensive utilization is that high-grade LNG cold energy is converted to electric energy using electricity generation system first, then sharp
It absorbs LNG and the cold energy in third level generating working medium after the completion of electricity generation system simultaneously with refrigerant, then refrigerant is sent into sea water desalination
The crystallizer of system and seawater direct heat transfer, and complete desalting process.
The method of comprehensive utilization with seawater desalination system 7. LNG cold energy according to claim 6 longitudinal direction three-level generates electricity, it is special
Sign is：The step of method of comprehensive utilization is specially：
a）Generating working mediums at different levels absorb cold energy of liquefied natural gas liquefaction：It will be forced into 8MPa close to the liquefied natural gas of normal pressure, at
High pressure LNG, high pressure LNG exchange heat in LNG evaporator with gaseous state generating working mediums at different levels, and generating working mediums at different levels absorb the cold energy of LNG
All liquefaction afterwards；
b）Rankine cycle generates electricity：In level-one generator unit, the generating working medium after liquefying in level-one LNG evaporator passes through working medium
Pump is pressurized to 0.27MPa, into heating up in level-one working medium evaporator, subsequently into expansion work in turbo-expander, and drives
Generating set generates electricity；Generating working medium steam after expansion comes back in level-one LNG evaporator and exchanges heat with LNG, completes one and follows
Ring；
In two level generator unit, the generating working medium after liquefaction is pressurized to 0.57MPa by working medium pump, is steamed into grade two level working medium
It heats up in hair device, subsequently into expansion work in turbo-expander, and generating set is driven to generate electricity；Generating working medium after expansion is steamed
Vapour is divided into three strands, respectively enters the cold energy that LNG and first order working medium are absorbed in two LNG evaporators and a working medium evaporator,
Become re-mixing into one logistics by secondary mixer after liquid, reenters working medium pump supercharging and complete a cycle；
In three-level generator unit, the generating working medium after liquefaction is pressurized to 0.73MPa by working medium pump, into heat exchanger and seawater
Desalinate working medium heat exchange, after generating working medium releases cold energy, recycle heat source seawater heat up in three-level working medium evaporator, then into
Enter expansion work in turbo-expander, and generating set is driven to generate electricity；Gaseous state generating working medium after expansion is divided into two strands, respectively into
Enter in two level working medium evaporator and three-level LNG evaporator and absorb the second working medium and the cold energy of LNG, is mixed by three-level after becoming liquid
Clutch re-mixes into one logistics, reenters working medium pump supercharging and completes a cycle；
C) third level generating working medium with complete the LNG cooling seawater desalination systems simultaneously after electrification technique：It is absorbed in heat exchanger
The sea water desalination working medium of third level generating working medium cold energy and absorb LNG cold energy after electrification technique in level Four LNG evaporator
Sea water desalination working medium be mixed to form one logistics, enter crystallizer after working medium pump supercharging, cold energy passes to seawater by working medium
Afterwards, from crystallizer flow out, be divided into two streams, one enter heat exchanger absorb third level generating working medium cold energy, another stock into
Enter in level Four LNG evaporator absorb electrification technique after LNG cold energy, complete one cycle；
d）Desalting process：Sea water desalination working medium absorbs LNG with after the cold energy in third level generating working medium, makes own temperature
Reduce, then in a crystallizer with precooled sea water mixing, seawater heat release at this time freeze, become brine ice, sea water desalination work
Matter endothermic gasification becomes steam, and after completing this process, seawater is automatically separated with sea water desalination working medium, the sea water desalination after gasification
Working medium is divided into two strands, respectively enters level Four LNG evaporator with LNG cold energy is absorbed in heat exchanger and completes a cycle；Brine ice
It then is separated into ice crystal and strong brine by being pumped into scrubbing tower, ice crystal finally enters back into melter heat absorption fusion, ultimately becomes light
Water.
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| CN109989828A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 东北大学 | A kind of LNG Power Vessel gas turbine low nitrogen burning system |
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| CN115217540A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-10-21 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Power generation and refrigeration house ice-making cogeneration system for cascade coupling recovery of LNG cold energy |
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Application publication date: 20181113 |