CN108798671A - A kind of system and method for control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow - Google Patents
A kind of system and method for control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010073310 Occupational exposures Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000675 occupational exposure Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003257 radon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of system and methods of control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow, wherein system includes terminal modulator, the first temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature/pressure sensor, frequency conversion fan, air duct, draught head regulation and control air door, flowmeter, air duct includes connected flexible air duct and rigid air duct, and the first temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature/pressure sensor, flowmeter, frequency conversion fan, draught head regulation and control air door are connected with terminal modulator；Air duct is set in air return lane；Frequency conversion fan outlet is connected with air duct lower end or upper end, and draught head regulates and controls air door and is set to rigid air duct hypomere or epimere, and flowmeter is set to rigid air duct epimere or hypomere, and the first temperature/pressure sensor is set to excavation, and the second temperature/pressure sensor is set to transportation roadway along the pulse.The present invention can control the radon seepage flow in mine heap, minimize seepage flow Radon eduction amount, reduce stope ventilation amount, energy saving, reduce the radon release amount of stope mine heap Radon eduction amount, mine ventilation cost and entire uranium mine to external environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon Seepage Control Technique field, more particularly to a kind of controls
The system and method for underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow.
Background technology
In uranium mining, radon and radon daughter in mine air are the main source items of uranium ore worker's occupational exposure, by
In ore storage there are the diffusion and migration of radon and radon daughter, the main source of uranium mine Radon and radon daughter is had become.
For using the uranium mine of shrinkage stoping, falls every time after mine and to release about 1/3 Caving System amount by bottom discharging bell mouth, from
And causing the ore kept in mineral building more, the exposed area of ore is larger.It is all in mine heap that the activity duration of worker is most of
On, since the permeability of ore storage is preferable, the exposed area of ore is larger, and the time of stacking is longer, is precipitated within the unit interval
Radon gas it is all more than other mining methods that current uranium mine is applied, to make worker health greatly endangered.
In order to make the ventilation quality of the Work places such as uranium ore underground stope be up to state standards, existing uranium mine ventilation design
The method that method mainly uses stronger ventilation air quantity or forces pump drainage mine heap to generate radon using traditional local fan, does not consider stope
Influence of the gas flow to Radon eduction amount in mine heap volume of cargo in storage and heap also fails to consider that the variation of mine heap stockpiling height is logical to stope
The influence of air quantity and ventilation resistance.Existing this stronger ventilation air quantity or the method for forcing pump drainage mine heap to generate radon not only increase
Ventilation volume, and also increase the outside row's radon amount of entire stope, the requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction cannot be met.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, it is quick-fried provide a kind of control underground uranium mine stope
The local mechanical ventilating system and method for broken uranium ore heap radon seepage flow are controlled using frequency conversion fan as ventilation power in mine heap
Radon seepage flow minimizes the seepage flow Radon eduction amount of mine heap, and then reduces the ventilation quantity of stope；And make frequency conversion fan discharge quantity of fan and work
Reach reasonable demand as efficiency, it is energy saving, advantageously reduce the Radon eduction amount of stope mine heap, the ventilation cost of mine and whole
Radon release amount from a uranium mine to external environment, simultaneously for more flexible, accommodation for traditional local mechanical draft type
More extensively.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
It is a kind of control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow system, its main feature is that including terminal modulator,
First temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature/pressure sensor, frequency conversion fan, air duct, draught head regulation and control air door, flowmeter, wherein air duct packet
Include connected flexible air duct and rigid air duct, the output end of the first temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature/pressure sensor and flowmeter with
Terminal modulator is electrically connected, and the input terminal that frequency conversion fan, draught head regulate and control air door is electrically connected with terminal modulator；Air duct is set to
In air return lane；Along the pulse the one end of transportation roadway far from air duct is sealed equipped with baffle；
Frequency conversion fan outlet is connected with air duct lower end, and draught head regulates and controls air door and is set to rigid air duct hypomere, and flowmeter is set to
Rigid air duct epimere, the first temperature/pressure sensor are set in excavation and are exported relatively with air duct, and the second temperature/pressure sensor is set to
Along the pulse in transportation roadway, and the second temperature/pressure sensor and the first temperature/pressure sensor are in same vertical line；
Alternatively,
Frequency conversion fan outlet is connected with air duct upper end, and draught head regulates and controls air door and is set to rigid air duct epimere, and flowmeter is set to
Rigid air duct hypomere, the first temperature/pressure sensor is set in excavation and, second temperature/pressure sensor opposite with frequency conversion fan entrance
In transportation roadway along the pulse, and the second temperature/pressure sensor and the first temperature/pressure sensor are in same vertical line.
Terminal modulator has the function of three monitorings, two regulation and control, wherein the first temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature/pressure sensor, stream
Data measured by the gauge air quantity of frequency conversion fan (monitoring) can be shown by sensing elements in terminal modulator, terminal modulator
The opening degree that the frequency of frequency conversion fan is adjusted by sensing elements, adjusts draught head regulation and control air door.The present invention passes through frequency conversion wind
The gas differential pressure of machine and draught head regulation and control airdoor control stope ventilation amount and uranium ore heap upper and lower surface, minimizes the radon that mine heap generates
By seepage flow to the amount of precipitation of stope working space, the gas flow speed in mine heap is made to be close to zero, reduce entire mine to
The radon release amount of outside ambient air, flexibly and easily, fan operation is efficient, and the scope of application is more extensive, and it is logical to improve stope
The stability and reliability of wind.
Further, draught head regulation and control air door is set to rigid air duct hypomere, and is with draught head regulation and control air door installation site
The ratio between rigid air duct lower-upper length of separation is 5：1；Flowmeter is set to rigid air duct epimere, and is with flowmeter installation site
The ratio between rigid air duct lower-upper length of separation is 1：5；
Alternatively, draught head regulation and control air door is set to rigid air duct epimere, and it is boundary with draught head regulation and control air door installation site
The ratio between rigid air duct lower-upper length of point is 1：5；Flowmeter is set to rigid air duct hypomere, and is boundary with flowmeter installation site
The ratio between rigid air duct lower-upper length of point is 5：1.
The first temperature/pressure sensor is set in excavation and exports opposite, the first temperature with air duct as a preferred method,
Pressure sensor exports 6m apart from air duct；
Alternatively, the first temperature/pressure sensor is set in excavation and, first temperature/pressure sensor opposite with frequency conversion fan entrance
Apart from frequency conversion fan entrance 6m.
First temperature/pressure sensor is located at the steady air current position of excavation.
The stope is shrinkage method stope as a preferred method,.
Based on the same inventive concept, the control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium is utilized the present invention also provides a kind of
The method that the system of mine heap radon seepage flow is controlled, includes the following steps：
Step 1, by draught head regulation and control air door open to horizontal plane angle at 45 °；
Step 2 seeks the vertical height Δ H between the first temperature/pressure sensor and the second temperature/pressure sensor；
Step 3, terminal modulator control frequency conversion fan and open；The first temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature/pressure sensor will simultaneously
Testing result is sent to terminal modulator, and it is P to obtain the air pressure that the first temperature/pressure sensor detectsA, the gas temperature that detects
For tA, the air pressure that the second temperature/pressure sensor detects is PB, the gas temperature that detects be tB；
Step 4 is averaging temperature t=(tA+tB)/2 obtain the saturated moist air density p that temperature is ta；
Step 5, terminal modulator control frequency conversion fan and are adjusted from low grade to top grade, the first temperature/pressure sensor, the second temperature and pressure
Sensor gives the static air pressure numeric feedback measured to terminal modulator, and terminal modulator is by adjusting the work of frequency conversion fan frequently
Rate is so that PB-PA=ρaG Δs H, wherein g is acceleration of gravity；
Step 6 after excavation operation, withdraws from the operating personnel in excavation, closes frequency conversion fan and starts
Ore drawing operation；After band ore drawing operation, air duct is lengthened to stope, while the position of the first temperature/pressure sensor of corresponding adjustment；Weight
Multiple step 1~step 5, restarts the operation of excavation.
Further, in step 5, when terminal modulator is by adjusting the working frequency of frequency conversion fan so that PB-PA=
ρaWhen g Δ H, the rotating speed of frequency conversion fan is N0, flowmeter monitor frequency conversion fan at this time operation air quantity be Q0；Judge stope institute
Required airflow and Q0Between magnitude relationship,
If stope institute required airflow is Q0, then draught head regulation and control air door opening degree remain stationary；
If stope institute required airflow is Q2, and Q2> Q0：It is N according to frequency conversion fan rotating speed0Corresponding fan performance curve and change
Frequency fan operation air quantity Q0, determine the operating point a (Q of frequency conversion fan actual motion0, P0), according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct resistance
COEFFICIENT K0And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；It is (Q that operating condition is found out on fan performance curve figure2, P0) corresponding change
Frequency rotation speed of fan N2, according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct resistance coefficient K2And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；Compare K0With K2
Between magnitude relationship, terminal modulator slowly adjusts the opening degree of draught head regulation and control air door, while being monitored by flowmeter
The operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan, until the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan is Q2；Stop regulating and controlling draught head the adjusting of air door at this time,
Frequency conversion fan running operating point b (Q2, P0), the static pressure difference between A points and B points meets in uranium ore heap without radon seepage flow requirement, air quantity
Meet stope design or required airflow requirement.
If stope institute required airflow is Q1, and Q1< Q0：It is N according to frequency conversion fan rotating speed0Corresponding fan performance curve and change
Frequency fan operation air quantity Q0, determine the operating point a (Q of frequency conversion fan actual motion0, P0), according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct resistance
COEFFICIENT K0And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；It is (Q that operating condition is found out on fan performance curve figure1, P0) corresponding change
Frequency rotation speed of fan N1, according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct resistance coefficient K1And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；Compare K0With K1
Between magnitude relationship, terminal modulator adjusts the opening degree of draught head regulation and control air door, while monitoring frequency conversion by flowmeter
The operation air quantity of wind turbine, until the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan is Q1；Stop regulating and controlling draught head the adjusting of air door, frequency conversion at this time
Fan operation operating point c (Q1, P0), the static pressure difference between A points and B points meets in uranium ore heap without radon seepage flow requirement, and air quantity also meets
Stope design or required airflow requirement.
Further, ore density, ore uranium grade U, U Ra equilibrium COEFFICIENT K are learnt before ventilationP, ore-rock emanation coefficient
The diffusion length H of radon in Se, explosion mine heapk, mine heap surface area S, vent air inlet air bring radon amount M intoR, protolith exposure be precipitated
Radon amount MY, stope inlet air radon consistence C0；
Unit of account volume Caving System heap generates the ability α for the radon that can migrate：α=2.562 × 10-3ρUKpSe, calculate pure expansion
Surface area is the explosion uranium ore heap Radon eduction amount M of S under the conditions of dissipatingD：
As mine heap actual height H≤HkWhen, MD=α HS；
As mine heap actual height H > HkWhen, MD=α HkS；
In formula：HkFor the diffusion length of radon in explosion mine heap,λ=2.1 × 10-6s-1For the decay series of radon
Number, D is diffusion coefficient；
Calculate total row's radon amount MP：MP=MD+MR+MY；MRRadon amount is brought into for vent air inlet air；
Computational theory arranges radon ventilation quantity QS：ClFor stope radon consistence limit value, C0It is dense for stope inlet air radon
Degree；
Stope institute required airflow Q=1.2QS。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
First, the percolation flow velocity in controllable mine heap is close to zero, and minimizes radon that mine heap generates by seepage flow to stope
The amount of precipitation of working space reduces harm of the radon to operating personnel in Underground working site.
Second, the present invention can be adopted using local mechanical method of ventilation relative to original central fan system according to each
The variation of uranium taste, the surface area under the different pure diffusion conditions of stope is different, adjusts fan delivery, copes under different condition
Stope air quantity demand, rationally the ventilation quantity of effective control stope, reaches energy-efficient purpose.
Third reduces the radon consistence value in exhaust airflow, reduces the radon release of entire mine outwardly surrounding air
Amount arranges radon radiation hazradial bundle caused by removing shaft ambient enviroment to reduce mine.
4th, wind pressure, Boiler pressure control are realized using frequency conversion fan speed governing, improve the stability of stope ventilation and reliable
Property, the monitoring performance and high reliability of system perfecting improve work efficiency, reduce the workload of maintenance and maintenance, save
The maintenance cost of equipment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is underground mining stope ascensional ventilation schematic diagram before installation frequency conversion fan and air duct.
Fig. 2 is underground mining stope descentional ventilation schematic diagram before installation frequency conversion fan and air duct.
Fig. 3 is the ascensional ventilation schematic diagram using system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the descentional ventilation schematic diagram using system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is rigid air duct sectional view.
Fig. 6 is air duct characteristic curve and fan performance curve figure.
Wherein, 1 is air return lane, and 2 be excavation, and 3 be the first temperature/pressure sensor, and 4 be air duct, and 5 be flexible air duct, and 6 are
Explosion uranium ore heap, 7 regulate and control air door for draught head, and 8 be rigid air duct, and 9 be frequency conversion fan, and 10 be the second temperature/pressure sensor, and 13 are
Along the pulse transportation roadway, 14 be baffle, and 17 be seepage direction, and W is terminal modulator, and M is flowmeter, and P is wind pressure；Q is air quantity, curve
K0, K1, K2 are air duct characteristic curve, and L0, L1, L2 are fan performance curve, and N0, N1, N2 are respectively corresponding rotating speed, a, b, c
Point is the actual condition point of wind turbine.
Specific implementation mode
The purpose of the present invention is to solve such as attached drawing 1, attached underground uranium mine shrinkage method stope ventilation methods shown in Fig. 2
In terms of radon seepage flow in controlling stope explosion uranium ore heap the problem of.Since there are the pressure losses in air supply process for direct route well, lead
Causing 6 upper and lower surface of explosion uranium ore heap has a larger pressure difference, and there are air-flows inside mine heap by (seepage direction 17 is as shown in the figure),
Increase the amount of precipitation of radon in mine heap.The present invention is to regulate and control 6 upper and lower surface of explosion uranium ore heap by local mechanical method of ventilation
Draught head makes the gas flow speed in mine heap be close to zero, minimize mine heap generate amount of precipitation from radon to stope working space,
Stope ventilation air quantity is reduced, and then reduces the radon release amount of ventilation cost and mine to external environment.
As shown in Figure 1, when mine uses ascensional ventilation mode, under the original ventilating system of stope, due to direct route well
Middle ventilation resistance hCAPresence, leading to 6 upper and lower surface of mine heap, there are certain pressure differences so that the inside of explosion uranium ore heap 6 is formed
Gas flow.Under the action of draft, there are the seepage flow of radon in uranium ore heap 6, increase the precipitation of stope surface radon, cause
The radon that mine heap 6 is precipitated enters excavation.If can be by adjusting inside 6 upper and lower surface draught head controlled blasting uranium ore heap 6 of mine heap
Percolation flow velocity be zero, then can greatly reduce the precipitation of mine heap surface radon.
As shown in Fig. 2, when mine uses descentional ventilation mode, under the original ventilating system of stope, due to direct route well
Middle ventilation resistance hCAPresence, leading to 6 upper and lower surface of mine heap, there are certain pressure differences so that the inside of explosion uranium ore heap 6 is formed
Gas flow.Under the action of draft, there are the seepage flow of radon in uranium ore heap 6, the precipitation for retaining uranium ore heap radon is increased, is led
It causes to retain the radon in mine heap 6 and enters transportation roadway 13 along the pulse.If can be by adjusting 6 upper and lower surface draught head controlled blasting uranium ore of mine heap
Percolation flow velocity inside heap 6 is zero, then can greatly reduce the precipitation of radon inside mine heap.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the system of control underground uranium mine shrinkage method stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow includes terminal
Modulator W, the first temperature/pressure sensor 3, the second temperature/pressure sensor 10, frequency conversion fan 9, air duct 4, draught head regulation and control air door 7, flow
M is counted, wherein air duct 4 includes connected flexible air duct 5 and rigid air duct 8, the first temperature/pressure sensor 3, the second temperature/pressure sensor 10
Be electrically connected with terminal modulator W with the output end of flowmeter M, frequency conversion fan 9, draught head regulation and control air door 7 input terminal with
The W electrical connections of terminal modulator；Air duct 4 is set in air return lane 1；Along the pulse the one end of transportation roadway 13 far from air duct 4 is equipped with 14 envelope of baffle
Mouthful.
As shown in figure 3, when using ascensional ventilation mode, frequency conversion fan 9 (be set to along the pulse transmit 13 left end of lane) outlet with
4 lower end of air duct is connected, and draught head regulates and controls air door 7 and is set to rigid 8 hypomere of air duct, and flowmeter M is set to 8 epimere of rigid air duct, and first
Temperature/pressure sensor 3 is set in excavation 2 and is exported relatively with air duct 4, and the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 is set to transportation roadway 13 along the pulse
It is interior, and the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 and the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 are in same vertical line.
Preferably, draught head regulates and controls air door 7 in 8 hypomere of rigid air duct, and is point with draught head regulation and control 7 installation site of air door
The ratio between 8 lower-upper length of rigid air duct of boundary's point is 5：1；Flowmeter M is set to 8 epimere of rigid air duct, and with flowmeter M installation sites
It is 1 for the ratio between 8 lower-upper length of rigid air duct of separation：5.
Preferably, the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 is set in excavation 2 and is exported relatively with air duct 4, the first temperature/pressure sensor
3 export the steady air current position of excavation 2 at 6m apart from air duct 4.
As shown in figure 4, when using descentional ventilation mode, frequency conversion fan 9 (at being set on the left of 6 upper surface of explosion uranium ore heap)
Outlet is connected with 4 upper end of air duct, and draught head regulates and controls air door 7 and is set to 8 epimere of rigid air duct, and flowmeter M is set under rigid air duct 8
Section, the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 is in excavation 2 and opposite with 9 entrance of frequency conversion fan, and the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 is set to edge
In arteries and veins transportation roadway 13, and the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 and the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 are in same vertical line.Preferably, air pressure
Difference regulation and control air door 7 is set to 8 epimere of rigid air duct, and regulates and controls 7 installation site of air door as on the rigid air duct 8 of separation using draught head
Lower length ratio is 1：5；Flowmeter M is set to 8 hypomere of rigid air duct, and using flowmeter M installation sites as the rigid wind of separation
The ratio between 8 lower-upper lengths of cylinder are 5：1.
Preferably, the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 be set to excavation 2 in steady air current position and with 9 entrance of frequency conversion fan
Relatively, the steady air current position of the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 excavation 2 at 9 entrance 6m of frequency conversion fan.
Terminal modulator W has the function of three monitorings, two regulation and control, wherein the first temperature/pressure sensor 3, the second temperature/pressure sensor
10, the data measured by flowmeter M (air quantity of monitoring frequency conversion fan) can be shown by sensing elements in terminal modulator W, eventually
The frequency of frequency conversion fan 9 is adjusted by sensing elements, adjusts the opening degree that draught head regulates and controls air door 7 by end modulator W.The present invention
Regulate and control the gas differential pressure that air door 7 controls stope ventilation amount and explosion uranium ore heap upper and lower surface by frequency conversion fan 9 and draught head, most
The radon that smallization mine heap generates, to the amount of precipitation of stope working space, makes the gas flow speed in mine heap be close to by seepage flow
Zero, the radon release amount of entire mine outwardly surrounding air is reduced, flexibly and easily, fan operation is efficient, and the scope of application is more
Extensively, the stability and reliability of stope ventilation are improved.
Control underground uranium mine shrinkage method stope explosion uranium ore heap radon osmotic control method of the present invention, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, when initial, by draught head regulation and control air door 7 open to horizontal plane angle at 45 °.
Step 2, according to the digging manufacturing schedule of excavation 2, asks the first temperature and pressure to pass when excavation 2 needs operation
Vertical height Δ H between sensor 3 (being set to A points) and the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 (being set to B points).
Step 3, terminal modulator W control frequency conversion fans 9 are opened；First temperature/pressure sensor 3, the second temperature and pressure sensing simultaneously
Testing result is sent to terminal modulator W by device 10, and it is P to obtain the air pressure that the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 detectsA, detect
Gas temperature is tA, the air pressure that the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 detects is PB, the gas temperature that detects be tB。
Step 4 seeks the mean temperature t=(t of air between A points and B pointsA+tB)/2, since underground stope air humidity is approximate
It is 100%, obtains the saturated moist air density p that temperature is ta。
Step 5, terminal modulator W control frequency conversion fan 9 and are slowly adjusted from low grade to high-grade, the first temperature/pressure sensor 3,
The static air pressure numerical value measured is fed back to terminal modulator W, terminal regulation and control by the second temperature/pressure sensor 10 by data sensor line
Device W is by adjusting the working frequency of frequency conversion fan 9 so that PB-PA=ρaG Δs H, wherein g is acceleration of gravity；Frequency conversion at this time
The rotating speed of wind turbine 9 is N0, without seepage flow in mine heap.
Step 6, flowmeter M monitor that the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan 9 at this time is Q0；Judge stope institute's required airflow and Q0It
Between magnitude relationship,
If stope institute required airflow is Q0, then air quantity meet the requirements, draught head regulation and control air door 7 opening degree remain stationary；
If stope institute required airflow is Q2, and Q2> Q0：It is N according to 9 rotating speed of frequency conversion fan0Corresponding fan performance curve L0
Air quantity Q is run with frequency conversion fan 90, determine the operating point a (Q of 9 actual motion of frequency conversion fan0, P0), according to P=KQ2Obtain wind
4 resistance coefficient K of cylinder0And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；It is (Q that operating condition is found out on fan performance curve figure2, P0)
9 rotating speed N of corresponding frequency conversion fan2, according to P=KQ2Obtain 4 resistance coefficient K of air duct2And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；
Compare K0With K2Between magnitude relationship, terminal modulator W slowly adjusts the opening degree of draught head regulation and control air door 7, while passing through stream
Gauge M monitors the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan 9, until the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan 9 is Q2；Stop at this time to draught head tune
Control the adjusting of air door 7,9 running operating point b (Q of frequency conversion fan2, P0), the static pressure difference between A points and B points meets in uranium ore heap without radon
Seepage flow requirement, air quantity also meet stope design or required airflow requirement.
If stope institute required airflow is Q1, and Q1< Q0：It is N according to 9 rotating speed of frequency conversion fan0Corresponding fan performance curve L0
Air quantity Q is run with frequency conversion fan 90, determine the operating point a (Q of 9 actual motion of frequency conversion fan0, P0), according to P=KQ2Obtain wind
4 resistance coefficient K of cylinder0And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；It is (Q that operating condition is found out on fan performance curve figure1, P0)
9 rotating speed N of corresponding frequency conversion fan1, according to P=KQ2Obtain 4 resistance coefficient K of air duct1And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；
Compare K0With K1Between magnitude relationship, terminal modulator W slowly adjusts the opening degree of draught head regulation and control air door 7, while passing through stream
Gauge M monitors the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan 9, until the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan 9 is Q1；Stop at this time to draught head tune
Control the adjusting of air door 7,9 running operating point c (Q of frequency conversion fan1, P0), the static pressure difference between A points and B points meets in uranium ore heap without radon
Seepage flow requirement, air quantity also meet stope design or required airflow requirement.
Step 7 after 2 operation of excavation, withdraws from the operating personnel in excavation 2, closes frequency conversion fan 9 simultaneously
Start ore drawing operation；After band ore drawing operation, air duct 4 is lengthened to stope, while the position of the first temperature/pressure sensor 3 of corresponding adjustment
It sets；Step 1~step 5 is repeated, P is madeB-PA≈ρaG Δ H, while air quantity is met the requirements, and restarts the operation of excavation.
Before opening frequency conversion fan 9 every time, draught head should all be regulated and controled air door 7 and opened to the position with horizontal plane angle at 45 °
It sets.
Before ventilation, it need to know to learn ore density p (kg/m3), ore uranium grade U (%), U Ra equilibrium COEFFICIENT KP, mine
The diffusion length H of radon in rock emanation coefficient Se, explosion mine heapk, mine heap surface area S (m2), vent air inlet air bring radon amount M intoR、
The radon amount M that protolith exposure is precipitatedY, stope inlet air radon consistence C0。
In the present invention, the choosing principles of 9 air quantity of frequency conversion fan are as follows：
6 surface precipitation rate of radon of explosion uranium ore heap includes seepage flow eduction rate and diffusional precipitation rate two parts, calculation formula：
Wherein, J is 6 surface precipitation rate of radon of explosion uranium ore heap, unit Bq/ (m2·s)；JDFor 6 diffusion into the surface of explosion uranium ore heap
Precipitation rate of radon, unit Bq/ (m2·s)；JVTo be 6 surface seepage flow precipitation rate of radon of explosion uranium ore heap, unit Bq/ (m2·s)；η is quick-fried
The porosity of broken uranium ore heap 6；D is the diffusion coefficient of radon in explosion uranium ore heap 6, m2/s；C is that the hole radon of explosion uranium ore heap 6 is dense
Degree, unit Bq/m3；For Hamilton operator；K is the permeability of medium, unit m2；μ is the coefficient of viscosity of fluid, unit
Pas；P is pressure, unit Pa；ρaFor the density of saturated moist air, units/kg/m3；G is acceleration of gravity, unit m/s2。
When 6 upper and lower surface draught head of explosion uranium ore heap is ρaG Δs H (Δ H is the vertical height of the points of the face A on the basis of 0-0)
When, JV=0.Then formula (1) becomes：
In the exploitation process of uranium ore, the height of explosion uranium ore heap 6 can be gradually increasing the height until certain, at this time explosion
The diffusion precipitation rate of radon on 6 surface of uranium ore heap also constantly changes, and explosion uranium ore heap radon consistence is distributed its change procedure and meets following public affairs
Formula：
In formula (3)：α is the ability that unit volume Caving System heap generates the radon that can migrate, and unit is Bq/ (m3·s)；λ=2.1
×10-6s-1For the decay coefficient of radon, x is length of the mine heap surface into mine heap, unit m.
The ability α that unit volume Caving System heap generates the radon that can migrate can be calculated by formula (4)：
α=2.562 × 10-3ρUKpSe (4)
Due to radon in diffusion process there are decay process, pure diffusion conditions following table area is S (unit m2) explosion uranium
6 Radon eduction amount M of mine heapDIt is calculated as follows：
As mine heap actual height H≤HkWhen, MD=α HS (5)
As mine heap actual height H > HkWhen, MD=α HkS (6)
In formula：HkFor the diffusion length of radon in explosion mine heap,D is diffusion coefficient.
Less than or equal to η Da, (Da is the diffusion coefficient of Radon to the diffusion coefficient D of radon, is 1.05 in explosion uranium ore heap 6
×10-5m2/ s), design the diffusion coefficient of radon in explosion uranium ore heap 6 when calculating by D=η Da (η takes 0.33).Then diffusion length HK
=1.28m, diffusion coefficient can also be calculated by actual measured results.
Except the radon amount M that explosion uranium ore heap 6 is precipitated in stopeDOutside, also vent air inlet air brings radon amount M intoRIt is exposed with protolith
The radon amount M that face is precipitatedY, therefore stope always arranges radon amount MPFor：
MP=MD+MR+MY (7)
In order to ensure stope operating environment radiation safety, it is necessary to assure air draft radon consistence is no more than radon consistence controlling value.
Computational theory arranges radon ventilation quantity QS(unit m3/s)：
Cl(it is set as 2.7kBq/m for stope radon consistence limit value3), C0It (can be by 1.0kBq/ in design for stope inlet air radon consistence
m3It calculates, can also survey determination).
It is certain in the exposed area of regular period, explosion uranium ore heap 6, due to controlling the seepage flow Radon eduction amount of mine heap, mine
Heap is precipitated radon amount and will be greatly reduced, and radon amount M is precipitated in stopeDAlso it will be greatly reduced.According to formula (8), ensureing mine ventilation
Under the premise of mass conservation, i.e. (Cl-C0) remain unchanged, then stope arranges radon ventilation quantity QSAlso it will be greatly decreased.
For the safety allowance for ensuring certain, stope institute required airflow, i.e. 9 air quantity of frequency conversion fan (unit m3/s)：
Q=1.2QS (9)
In actual design, the radon consistence of actual measurement stope air inlet and the radon consistence and radon that radon amount, mine heap generate can also be used
Amount calculates and determines that stope always arranges radon amount MP, and then determine by formula (8) and (9) air quantity of frequency conversion fan.
In the present invention, the choosing principles of 9 wind pressure of frequency conversion fan are as follows：
The outer required ventilation resistance overcome of the main windage for considering wind turbine itself of calculating and wind turbine of 9 total head of frequency conversion fan,
Including on-way resistance hyWith local resistance hj, wind turbine send wind by air duct 4 can be by the ventilation resistance overcome needed for designated position
Following formula calculates：
In formula (10)：hfFor ventilation resistance, unit Pa；hyFor on-way resistance, unit Pa；hjFor local resistance, unit
For Pa；SlFor the equivalent cross-section area of air duct, unit m2；L is the equivalent perimeter of air duct, unit m；ρaFor saturated moist air
Density, unit kg/m3；ε is coefficient of frictional resistance, unit Ns2/m4；ξ is coefficient of partial resistance, zero dimension；L is to send
Wind is along Cheng Changdu, unit m；Q0For fan operation air quantity, unit m3/s。
It enablesThen publicity (10) can abbreviation be：
hf=hy+hj=KQ0 2 (11)
In the exploitation process of uranium ore, explosion uranium ore heap 6 also will constantly increase the height until certain, in this process
The height of constantly regulate air funnel 4 is needed, this also leads to the increase of resistance in 9 air supply process of frequency conversion fan, then needs constantly to adjust
9 frequency of frequency conversion fan is saved to meet PB-PA=ρagΔH(PAFor the pressure of A points, PBFor the pressure of B points).
In Fig. 3, ascensional ventilation meets following publicity：
PC+P-hf=PA+ρagΔH (12)
In formula：PCFor the pressure of C points；P is the pressure that wind turbine provides.
It is zero to make A, B point-to-point transmission percolation flow velocity so that PB-PA=ρaG Δ H, and PB≈PC, then meet following formula：
P=hf=KQ0 2 (13)
In Fig. 4, descentional ventilation is zero to make A, B point-to-point transmission percolation flow velocity so that PB-PA=ρaG Δ H, and PB≈PC, then
Also it should meet formula (13).
The embodiment of the present invention is described with above attached drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than limitation, those skilled in the art
Under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, it can also make very much
Form, within these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of system of control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow, which is characterized in that including terminal modulator
(W), the first temperature/pressure sensor (3), the second temperature/pressure sensor (10), frequency conversion fan (9), air duct (4), draught head regulate and control air door
(7), flowmeter (M), wherein air duct (4) include connected flexible air duct (5) and rigid air duct (8), the first temperature/pressure sensor
(3), the output end of the second temperature/pressure sensor (10) and flowmeter (M) is electrically connected with terminal modulator (W), frequency conversion fan (9),
The input terminal of draught head regulation and control air door (7) is electrically connected with terminal modulator (W)；Air duct (4) is set in air return lane (1)；Along the pulse
It is sealed equipped with baffle (14) one end of transportation roadway (13) far from air duct (4)；
Frequency conversion fan (9) outlet is connected with air duct (4) lower end, and draught head regulates and controls air door (7) and is set to rigid air duct (8) hypomere, stream
Gauge (M) is set to rigid air duct (8) epimere, and the first temperature/pressure sensor (3) is set in excavation (2) and is exported with air duct (4)
Relatively, the second temperature/pressure sensor (10) is set in transportation roadway (13) along the pulse, and the second temperature/pressure sensor (10) is passed with the first temperature and pressure
Sensor (3) is in same vertical line；
Alternatively,
Frequency conversion fan (9) outlet is connected with air duct (4) upper end, and draught head regulates and controls air door (7) and is set to rigid air duct (8) epimere, stream
Gauge (M) is set to rigid air duct (8) hypomere, the first temperature/pressure sensor (3) be set in excavation (2) and with frequency conversion fan (9)
Entrance is opposite, and the second temperature/pressure sensor (10) is set in transportation roadway (13) along the pulse, and the second temperature/pressure sensor (10) and the first temperature
Pressure sensor (3) is in same vertical line.
2. the system of control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Draught head regulates and controls air door (7) and is set to rigid air duct (8) hypomere, and is boundary with draught head regulation and control air door (7) installation site
The ratio between rigid air duct (8) lower-upper length of point is 5：1；Flowmeter (M) is set to rigid air duct (8) epimere, and is pacified with flowmeter (M)
Holding position is that the ratio between rigid air duct (8) lower-upper length of separation is 1：5；
Alternatively,
Draught head regulates and controls air door (7) and is set to rigid air duct (8) epimere, and is boundary with draught head regulation and control air door (7) installation site
The ratio between rigid air duct (8) lower-upper length of point is 1：5；Flowmeter (M) is set to rigid air duct (8) hypomere, and is pacified with flowmeter (M)
Holding position is that the ratio between rigid air duct (8) lower-upper length of separation is 5：1.
3. the system of control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
First temperature/pressure sensor (3) is set in excavation (2) and opposite with air duct (4) outlet, the first temperature/pressure sensor (3) away from
6m is exported from air duct (4)；
Alternatively,
First temperature/pressure sensor (3) is set in excavation (2) and, first temperature/pressure sensor opposite with frequency conversion fan (9) entrance
(3) apart from frequency conversion fan (9) entrance 6m.
4. the system of control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The stope is shrinkage method stope.
5. a kind of be using control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow as described in any one of Claims 1-4
The method that system is controlled, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, by draught head regulation and control air door (7) open to horizontal plane angle at 45 °；
Step 2 seeks the vertical height Δ H between the first temperature/pressure sensor (3) and the second temperature/pressure sensor (10)；
Step 3, terminal modulator (W) control frequency conversion fan (9) and open；The first temperature/pressure sensor (3), the second temperature and pressure pass simultaneously
Testing result is sent to terminal modulator (W) by sensor (10), and it is P to obtain the air pressure that the first temperature/pressure sensor (3) detectsA、
The gas temperature detected is tA, the air pressure that the second temperature/pressure sensor (10) detects is PB, the gas temperature that detects be tB；
Step 4 is averaging temperature t=(tA+tB)/2 obtain the saturated moist air density p that temperature is ta；
Step 5, terminal modulator (W) control frequency conversion fan (9) and are adjusted from low grade to top grade, the first temperature/pressure sensor (3), the
The static air pressure numeric feedback measured is given terminal modulator (W), terminal modulator (W) to pass through adjusting by two temperature/pressure sensors (10)
The working frequency of frequency conversion fan (9) is so that PB-PA=ρaG Δs H, wherein g is acceleration of gravity；
Step 6 after excavation (2) operation, withdraws from the operating personnel in excavation (2), closes frequency conversion fan (9)
And start ore drawing operation；After band ore drawing operation, air duct (4) is lengthened to stope, while the first temperature/pressure sensor of corresponding adjustment
(3) position；Step 1~step 5 is repeated, the operation of excavation is restarted.
6. the method for control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
In step 5, when terminal modulator (W) is by adjusting the working frequency of frequency conversion fan (9) so that PB-PA=ρagΔH
When, the rotating speed of frequency conversion fan (9) is N0, flowmeter (M) monitor frequency conversion fan (9) at this time operation air quantity be Q0；Judge stope
Institute's required airflow and Q0Between magnitude relationship,
If stope institute required airflow is Q0, then draught head regulation and control air door (7) opening degree remain stationary；
If stope institute required airflow is Q2, and Q2> Q0：It is N according to frequency conversion fan (9) rotating speed0Corresponding fan performance curve and frequency conversion
Wind turbine (9) runs air quantity Q0, determine the operating point a (Q of frequency conversion fan (9) actual motion0, P0), according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct
(4) resistance coefficient K0And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；It is (Q that operating condition is found out on fan performance curve figure2, P0)
Corresponding frequency conversion fan (9) rotating speed N2, according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct (4) resistance coefficient K2And corresponding local air duct characteristic
Curve；Compare K0With K2Between magnitude relationship, terminal modulator (W) adjust draught head regulation and control air door (7) opening degree, simultaneously
The operation air quantity that frequency conversion fan (9) is monitored by flowmeter (M), until the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan (9) is Q2；
If stope institute required airflow is Q1, and Q1< Q0：It is N according to frequency conversion fan (9) rotating speed0Corresponding fan performance curve and frequency conversion
Wind turbine (9) runs air quantity Q0, determine the operating point a (Q of frequency conversion fan (9) actual motion0, P0), according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct
(4) resistance coefficient K0And corresponding local air duct characteristic curve；It is (Q that operating condition is found out on fan performance curve figure1, P0)
Corresponding frequency conversion fan (9) rotating speed N1, according to P=KQ2Obtain air duct (4) resistance coefficient K1And corresponding local air duct characteristic
Curve；Compare K0With K1Between magnitude relationship, terminal modulator (W) adjust draught head regulation and control air door (7) opening degree, simultaneously
The operation air quantity that frequency conversion fan (9) is monitored by flowmeter (M), until the operation air quantity of frequency conversion fan (9) is Q1。
7. such as the method for control underground uranium mine stope explosion uranium ore heap radon seepage flow described in claim 5 or 6, feature exists
In learning ore density p, ore uranium grade U, U Ra equilibrium COEFFICIENT K before ventilationP, ore-rock emanation coefficient Se, in explosion mine heap
The diffusion length H of radonk, mine heap surface area S, vent air inlet air bring radon amount M intoR, protolith exposure be precipitated radon amount MY, stope
Inlet air radon consistence C0；
Unit of account volume Caving System heap generates the ability α for the radon that can migrate：α=2.562 × 10-3ρUKpSe, calculate pure diffusion conditions
Following table area is explosion uranium ore heap (6) Radon eduction amount M of SD：
As mine heap actual height H≤HkWhen, MD=α HS；
As mine heap actual height H > HkWhen, MD=α HkS；
In formula：HkFor the diffusion length of radon in explosion mine heap,λ=2.1 × 10-6s-1For the decay coefficient of radon, D
For diffusion coefficient；
Calculate total row's radon amount MP：MP=MD+MR+MY；MRRadon amount is brought into for vent air inlet air；
Computational theory arranges radon ventilation quantity QS：ClFor stope radon consistence limit value, C0For stope inlet air radon consistence；
Stope institute required airflow Q=1.2QS。
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| CN111855902A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating in-situ fluidized mining of deep metal ore |
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| CN105569708A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 南华大学 | Ventilation design method for controlling seepage of radon generated by blasting uranium ore heap in stope |
| CN106523014A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-03-22 | 金诚信矿业管理股份有限公司 | Ventilation system for underhand-cutting-and-filling-method high-temperature stope and method |
| RU2616022C1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-04-12 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" | Thermoshaft high-viscosity oil development method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105569708A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 南华大学 | Ventilation design method for controlling seepage of radon generated by blasting uranium ore heap in stope |
| RU2616022C1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-04-12 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" | Thermoshaft high-viscosity oil development method |
| CN106523014A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-03-22 | 金诚信矿业管理股份有限公司 | Ventilation system for underhand-cutting-and-filling-method high-temperature stope and method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111855902A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating in-situ fluidized mining of deep metal ore |
| CN111855902B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-05-14 | 北京科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating in-situ fluidized mining of deep metal ore |
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