CN108798598B - Electric heating method and device for oil well - Google Patents
Electric heating method and device for oil well Download PDFInfo
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- CN108798598B CN108798598B CN201810573590.5A CN201810573590A CN108798598B CN 108798598 B CN108798598 B CN 108798598B CN 201810573590 A CN201810573590 A CN 201810573590A CN 108798598 B CN108798598 B CN 108798598B
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001134 F-test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012067 mathematical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil well electric heating method and device, and belongs to the technical field of oil field development. By acquiring the load difference data of the production wells which are provided with the electric heating equipment and are to be completed with the electric heating method, when the first load difference and the second load difference accord with Y＝0.9150*X+14.4314，Y‑2≤Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium. And adjusting the electric heating method in time according to whether the oil well is waxed or not, monitoring the load difference of the oil well, and adjusting the electric heating method in time according to the load difference. The method has high accuracy in determining whether wax is deposited or not, so that continuous start and stop of the electric heating equipment caused by human factors can be avoided based on monitoring and adjustment in the determination process, the consumption of cables is reduced, well blockage caused by wax blockage is reduced, and economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield development, in particular to an oil well electric heating method and device.
Background
The wax precipitation of the oil well refers to that wax is separated out from crude oil and is gathered and adhered to the surface of oil well facilities in the oil extraction process. During oil production, oil wells can generate wax precipitation to different degrees along with the change of the temperature, pressure and chemical equilibrium of crude oil. The wax deposits are adhered to the surfaces of oil well facilities such as a pump cylinder, a piston, an oil pipe, a sucker rod and the like, and can reduce the flow area of oil flow, damage the internal structure of the pump, increase the flow resistance of crude oil and weaken the sealing property of the pump cylinder, thereby causing the production reduction of the oil well, the leakage of the pump and even the well blockage. The oil well is electrically heated, so that the temperature of crude oil in the oil pipe can be increased, wax precipitation on the inner wall of the oil pipe can be prevented, the viscosity of the crude oil can be reduced, and the fluidity of the crude oil can be changed. According to the crude oil physical property of the oil well, the combination of the underground rod and the underground pipe and the production data, on the premise of not influencing the normal production order, the oil well is electrically heated in time when the oil well is waxed, the underground heating cable can be effectively protected, well blockage caused by the wax blockage is reduced, and the production benefit is improved.
At present, the method which is widely applied in China qualitatively judges the wax precipitation condition according to the 'fat and thin' indicator diagram, and then adjusts the electric heating method of the oil well.
The method has high requirement on personnel knowledge, and the wax deposition of the oil well is not accurately judged, so that the established electric heating method can not only cause the continuous start and stop of electric heating equipment and high consumption of heating cables, but also cannot solve the problem of well blockage caused by wax blockage, and has low economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an oil well electric heating method and device. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, there is provided a method of electrically heating an oil well, the method comprising:
starting electrical heating on the target oil well;
monitoring the load difference of the target oil well, wherein the load difference is the difference between the maximum load of the suspension point and the minimum load of the suspension point of the oil pumping unit;
acquiring the load difference of the target oil well every other first preset time;
when the difference value between the load differences acquired in two adjacent times is less than 1 kilonewton, taking the load difference acquired in the last time as the first load difference of the target oil well;
stopping electrical heating of the target well;
acquiring a second load difference of the target oil well every second preset time;
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1When the wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well has wax precipitation;
when the target oil well is waxed, restarting electrical heating on the target oil well;
stopping electrical heating of the target well when the load difference of the target well is equal to the first load difference;
wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
In one possible implementation, the method further comprises:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2.
In one possible implementation, the first preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the second preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the initiating electrical heating of the target well comprises: the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
In another aspect, there is provided an electrical well heating apparatus, comprising:
the electric heating starting module is used for starting electric heating on the target oil well;
the load difference monitoring module is used for monitoring the load difference of the target oil well, and the load difference is the difference between the maximum load of the suspension point and the minimum load of the suspension point of the oil pumping unit;
the load difference acquisition module is used for acquiring the load difference of the target oil well every other first preset time;
the load difference obtaining module is further configured to, when a difference value between load differences obtained in two adjacent times is smaller than 1 kilonewton, take the last obtained load difference as a first load difference of the target oil well;
the electric heating stopping module is used for stopping electric heating of the target oil well;
the load difference obtaining module is further configured to obtain a second load difference of the target oil well every second preset time;
a wax precipitation determination module for determining if Y-2 ≦ Y is 0.9150X +14.4314 between the first load difference and the second load difference1When the wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well has wax precipitation;
the electric heating starting module is also used for restarting to electrically heat the target oil well when the target oil well is waxed;
the electric heating stopping module is also used for stopping electric heating of the target oil well when the load difference of the target oil well is equal to the first load difference;
wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
In one possible implementation, the well waxing determination module is further configured to:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2.
In one possible implementation, the first preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the second preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the electric heating start module is configured to: the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by obtaining already configured electric heatingWhen the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is not less than Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium. And adjusting the electric heating method in time according to whether the oil well is waxed or not, monitoring the load difference of the oil well, and adjusting the electric heating method in time according to the load difference. The method has high accuracy in determining whether wax is deposited or not, so that continuous start and stop of the electric heating equipment caused by human factors can be avoided based on monitoring and adjustment in the determination process, the consumption of cables is reduced, well blockage caused by wax blockage is reduced, and economic benefit is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for electrically heating an oil well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for electrically heating an oil well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric well heating device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an electrical well heating method provided by an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
101. the target well is electrically heated.
102. And monitoring the load difference of the target oil well, wherein the load difference is the difference between the maximum load of the suspension point and the minimum load of the suspension point of the pumping unit.
103. And acquiring the load difference of the target oil well every first preset time.
104. And when the difference value between the load differences acquired at two adjacent times is less than 1 kilonewton, taking the last acquired load difference as the first load difference of the target oil well.
105. The target well is stopped from being electrically heated.
106. And acquiring a second load difference of the target oil well every second preset time.
107. When the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2.
108. When the target well becomes waxy, the target well is restarted for electrical heating.
109. And when the load difference of the target oil well is equal to the first load difference, stopping the electric heating of the target oil well.
Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
By acquiring the load difference data of the production wells which are provided with the electric heating equipment and are to perfect the electric heating method, when the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium. And adjusting the electric heating method in time according to whether the oil well is waxed or not, monitoring the load difference of the oil well, and adjusting the electric heating method in time according to the load difference. The method has high accuracy for determining whether wax is deposited or not, so that the monitoring and adjustment based on the determination process can avoid peopleThe continuous start and stop of the electric heating equipment caused by factors reduces the consumption of cables, reduces the problem of well blockage caused by wax blockage, and improves the economic benefit.
In one possible implementation, the method further comprises:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2.
In one possible implementation, the first preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the second preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the initiating electrical heating of the target well comprises: the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an electrical well heating method provided by an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 2, the method includes:
201. the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
Wherein, the target oil well refers to a production oil well which is provided with an electric heating device and is to be completed with an electric heating method.
In embodiments of the invention, hollow rod electrical heating techniques may be employed to electrically heat the target well. The hollow rod electric heating technology is that a cable penetrates into an inner hole of a hollow sucker rod of an oil well pumping unit, the cable and the hollow rod form a loop, alternating currents with different frequencies are conducted on the cable during work, heat energy is generated on the wall of the hollow rod by utilizing an internal skin effect, and crude oil in an oil pipe is heated through heat conduction so as to improve the temperature of the crude oil in the oil pipe, reduce the viscosity of the crude oil and improve the fluidity of the crude oil, so that the crude oil with high viscosity, high freezing point and high wax content can be better mined.
202. And monitoring the load difference of the target oil well, wherein the load difference is the difference between the maximum load of the suspension point and the minimum load of the suspension point of the pumping unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, the current maximum load of the suspension point and the current minimum load of the suspension point of the oil well pump can be output by using the electronic power instrument and the matched equipment and software thereof. Of course, the load difference may be obtained in other manners, which is not limited in this embodiment.
For example, the electronic power meter and its associated equipment and software can be used to output a indicator diagram, and the indicator diagram can display the data of the maximum load of the suspension point and the maximum load of the suspension point at the corresponding time.
203. And acquiring the load difference of the target oil well every 10 minutes.
In the embodiment of the present invention, 10 minutes may be used as the first preset period, the load difference of the target oil well is obtained every 10 minutes, and the obtained load differences are compared. Therefore, the change condition of the load difference can be acquired in time, and the calculated amount is not too large.
Specifically, other times may be adopted as the first preset period according to the load difference variation of the target oil well, for example, any time within 1 minute to 10 minutes may be adopted as the first preset period, which is not limited in this embodiment.
204. And when the difference value between the load differences acquired at two adjacent times is less than 1 kilonewton, taking the last acquired load difference as the first load difference of the target oil well.
When the difference between the load differences acquired at two adjacent times is less than 1 kilonewton, the influence of the electric heating technology on the load difference is smaller along with the increase of the temperature, and the first load difference acquired at the moment represents the minimum load difference during the electric heating. For example, when the values of the load differences acquired in two adjacent times are 14.9kN and 14kN, 14kN is taken as the first load difference of the target oil well.
205. The target well is stopped from being electrically heated.
When the difference value between the load differences acquired twice in the adjacent process is less than 1 kilo-newton, the electric heating can be stopped temporarily, so that the production is not influenced, and the energy can be saved. For example, when the load difference obtained in two adjacent times is 14.9kN and 14kN, the target oil well is stopped from being electrically heated.
206. Every 1 minute, a second load differential for the target well is obtained.
And the second load difference is the maximum load difference when the target oil well can be normally produced without using an electric heating technology.
In the embodiment of the present invention, 1 minute may be used as the second preset period, and the load difference of the target oil well is obtained as the second load difference every 1 minute, and the second load difference may be combined with the first load difference to determine whether the target oil well is waxed. By adopting the 1 minute time interval for acquiring the load difference of the target oil well, the second load difference can be acquired in time when the oil well is waxed.
Specifically, other time may be used as the second preset period according to the load difference variation condition of the target oil well and the working requirement, for example, any time within 1 minute to 10 minutes may be used as the second preset period, which is not limited in this embodiment.
207. When the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
Wherein the preset condition between the first load difference and the second load difference is 0.9150X +14.4314, and Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1Y +2 is obtained by analyzing and processing by a mathematical method according to the load difference data of the oil well which is actually waxed, and has higher reliability.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the formula Y-0.9150 × X +14.4314 may be obtained by: load difference data of actually waxed oil wells are collected and subjected to linear fitting to obtain a linear regression equation Y of 0.9150X +14.4314, and the obtained linear regression equation Y of 0.9150X +14.4314 is verified.
First, a linear fitting process is specifically described:
for exampleLoad differential data for 44 production wells using electrical heating techniques can be collected to obtain the data shown in table 1. Wherein i represents a well number, XiMinimum load differential during electrical heating, Y, for well number iiThe maximum load difference, X, during the electric heating off state of the well numbered iiAnd YiThe units are all millennium.
TABLE 1
The load difference data of 44 wells is linearly fitted to obtain a linear regression equation, and other mathematical methods may also be fitted to the linear regression equation, which is not limited herein.
For example, a linear regression equation Y ═ aX + b may be established for the load difference data for 44 wells. Wherein Y represents a maximum load difference during the stop electric heating state; x represents a minimum load difference during electric heating; a is a regression coefficient; b is a regression constant.
The regression coefficient a and the regression constant b in this example were calculated by the least square method, and a linear regression equation was obtained:
Y＝0.9150*X+14.4314 (1)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the average number of xs in the 44 groups of data,
represents the average number of Y in 44 sets of data, and n represents the total number of i 44.
Second, verification can be performed based on a linear regression equation obtained by linear fitting. Specifically, the verification method may use a correlation coefficient R test, a significance t test of a regression coefficient, or a significance F test of a regression equation, or other methods, which is not limited in this embodiment. In the following, three test modes, such as a correlation coefficient R test, a regression coefficient significance t test, or a regression equation significance F test, are exemplified respectively:
for example, taking the correlation coefficient R test as an example, the correlation coefficient is an index of the degree of correlation between variables. The correlation coefficient R test method comprises the following steps:
in this embodiment, we find
Wherein, Yi' denotes a reaction of XiY obtained by substituting the above equation (1)iThe value is obtained.
In this embodiment, R — 0.9256 is greater than the threshold value 0.297, and the correlation coefficient R passes the test, which proves that the linear relationship between X and Y is established in this embodiment. The threshold value of 0.297 can be found in the correlation coefficient threshold value table.
For example, in the case of a significance t test using regression coefficients, the significance test of regression coefficients is used to test the significance of each parameter in the regression equation. The significance t-test of the regression coefficients includes:
in this embodiment, we find
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
denotes the average number of X in 44 groups of data, Yi' denotes a reaction of XiY obtained by substituting the above equation (1)iThe value is obtained.
In this example, t is 15.8822 is greater than 2.018, and the significance of the regression coefficient t passes the test, which justifies the linear assumption between variables X and Y in this example. Wherein the significance t value of 2.018 can be found by a significance t distribution table.
For example, taking the significance F-test using a regression equation for verifying the significance of the entire regression relationship as an example, the significance F-test of a regression equation includes:
in this embodiment, we find
Wherein, Yi' denotes a reaction of XiY obtained by substituting the above equation (1)iThe value of the one or more of,
represents the average of Y in 44 sets of data.
In this example, F-52.2557 is greater than 4.073 and the regression equation passes the significance F check. The regression equation was shown to better reflect the linear relationship between variables X and Y. Wherein, the significance F value of the regression equation can be found from the significance F distribution table of the regression equation.
In step 207, a linear regression equation is obtained according to the load difference data collected from the oil well that actually forms wax, the linear regression equation is used to guide the actual production, and the accuracy and the sensitivity of judging whether the target oil well forms wax are high. In one possible implementation, this step 207 may also be replaced by the following step:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium. The formula Y in the above implementation is X +15, Y-2 ≦ Y1Y +2 is obtained based on experience judgment, the method for judging the wax precipitation of the target oil well is intuitive, and whether the target oil well precipitates or not can be judged without carrying out large-scale calculation.
208. When the target well becomes waxy, the target well is restarted for electrical heating.
When the oil well is waxed, the oil well can still produce, but the production of the oil well in a waxed state for a long time can cause the sucker rod and the horsehead to be asynchronous, so that the production is influenced, and the target oil well is required to be electrically heated again in time.
209. And when the load difference of the target oil well is equal to the first load difference, stopping the electric heating of the target oil well.
Since the crude oil properties and production conditions of the same oil well do not change greatly in a short time, it is possible to determine whether the oil well can normally produce under the condition that the electric heating is temporarily stopped, using the first load difference, and stop the electric heating of the target oil well when the load difference of the target oil well is equal to the first load difference.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form the optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not described herein again.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, by acquiring the load difference data of the production oil well which is provided with the electric heating equipment and is to be perfected with the electric heating method, when the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is not less than Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium. And adjusting the electric heating method in time according to whether the oil well is waxed or not, monitoring the load difference of the oil well, and adjusting the electric heating method in time according to the load difference. The method has high accuracy in determining whether wax is deposited or not, so that continuous start and stop of the electric heating equipment caused by human factors can be avoided based on monitoring and adjustment in the determination process, the consumption of cables is reduced, well blockage caused by wax blockage is reduced, and economic benefit is improved.
The embodiment of the invention is applied to the production of a high-condensation oil well, can improve the accuracy of an oil well wax precipitation analysis method, reduce wax blockage, reduce the production-occupying time of shutdown operation of the oil well due to the wax precipitation well blockage, improve the utilization rate of electric energy, protect an underground heating cable, further reduce the cost of electric power resources and related materials, finely manage the oil well, improve the management level of the upgraded oil well and increase the efficiency.
The embodiment of the invention is applied for more than 350 well times on site, and the success rate is 100 percent. The reasonable electric heating system reduces the well clamping frequency by 21 well times, prolongs the service life of the cable by 150 days, prolongs the pump detection operation period by 68 days, saves 330 kilowatt-hours of electric quantity in three years, saves the peak-valley flat electricity charge price difference by 22 ten thousand yuan, reduces the cable material charge and the maintenance charge by 60 ten thousand yuan, reduces the fault cable operation by 625 tons of oil production, about 134 ten thousand yuan, saves the operation charge by 90 ten thousand yuan, and realizes the effect creation of 553.5 ten thousand yuan in total.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil well electric heating device provided by the embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 3, the apparatus includes:
and the electric heating starting module 301 is used for starting electric heating on the target oil well.
And a load difference monitoring module 302, configured to monitor a load difference of the target oil well, where the load difference is a difference between a maximum load of a suspension point of the pumping unit and a minimum load of the suspension point.
And a load difference acquiring module 303, configured to acquire the load difference of the target oil well every first preset time.
The load difference obtaining module 303 is further configured to, when a difference between two adjacent obtained load differences is smaller than 1 kn, take the last obtained load difference as the first load difference of the target oil well.
An electrical heating stop module 304 for electrically heating the target well stop.
The load difference obtaining module 303 is further configured to obtain a second load difference of the target oil well every second preset time.
A well waxing determination module 305 for determining when the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 ≦ Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2.
The electric heating starting module 301 is further configured to restart electric heating of the target well when the target well is waxed.
The electrical heating stop module 304 is further configured to stop electrical heating of the target well when the load difference of the target well is equal to the first load difference.
Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
In one possible implementation, the well waxing determination module 305 is further configured to:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2.
In one possible implementation, the first preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the second preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
In one possible implementation, the electrical heating start module 301 is configured to: the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
It should be noted that: in the electric heating device for an oil well provided by the above embodiment, only the division of the above function modules is exemplified when the oil well is electrically heated, and in practical application, the above function distribution can be completed by different function modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different function modules so as to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the oil well electric heating device provided by the embodiment and the oil well electric heating method embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and is not described again.
According to the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, by acquiring the load difference data of the production oil well which is provided with the electric heating equipment and is to be perfected with the electric heating method, when the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is more than or equal to Y1And when the oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y + 2. Wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing the second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium. Adjusting the electric heating method in time according to whether the oil well is waxed or not, monitoring the load difference of the oil well, and adjusting in time according to the load differenceAn electric heating method. The method has high accuracy in determining whether wax is deposited or not, so that continuous start and stop of the electric heating equipment caused by human factors can be avoided based on monitoring and adjustment in the determination process, the consumption of cables is reduced, well blockage caused by wax blockage is reduced, and economic benefit is improved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic device 400 may generate a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (CPUs) 401 and one or more memories 402, where the memory 402 stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor 401 to implement the methods provided by the method embodiments. Of course, the electronic device may further have components such as a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, and an input/output interface, so as to perform input/output, and the electronic device may further include other components for implementing the functions of the device, which is not described herein again.
In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium, such as a memory, is also provided that includes instructions executable by a processor in a computer device to perform a method of electrical well heating in the embodiments described below. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of electrically heating an oil well, the method comprising:
starting electrical heating on the target oil well;
monitoring the load difference of the target oil well, wherein the load difference is the difference between the maximum load of the suspension point and the minimum load of the suspension point of the oil pumping unit;
acquiring the load difference of the target oil well every other first preset time;
when the difference value between the load differences acquired in two adjacent times is smaller than 1 kilonewton, taking the last acquired load difference as a first load difference of the target oil well, wherein the first load difference is the minimum load difference of the target oil well during the electric heating period;
stopping electrical heating of the target well;
acquiring a second load difference of the target oil well every second preset time, wherein the second load difference is the maximum load difference of the target oil well during normal production without using an electric heating technology;
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1When the wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well has wax precipitation;
wherein the preset condition between the first load difference and the second load difference is 0.9150X +14.4314, and Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1Y +2 is less than or equal to, and is obtained by performing linear fitting according to the load difference data of the oil well which is actually waxed;
when the target oil well is waxed, restarting electrical heating on the target oil well;
stopping electrical heating of the target well when the load differential of the target well is equal to the first load differential;
wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing said second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well has wax precipitation.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second predetermined time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the initiating electrical heating of the target well comprises:
the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
6. An electrical oil well heating apparatus, comprising:
the electric heating starting module is used for starting electric heating on the target oil well;
the load difference monitoring module is used for monitoring the load difference of the target oil well, and the load difference is the difference between the maximum load of a suspension point and the minimum load of the suspension point of the oil pumping unit;
the load difference acquisition module is used for acquiring the load difference of the target oil well every other first preset time;
the load difference obtaining module is further configured to, when a difference between load differences obtained in two adjacent times is smaller than 1 kilonewton, take the last obtained load difference as a first load difference of the target oil well, where the first load difference is a minimum load difference during electric heating of the target oil well;
the electric heating stopping module is used for electrically heating the target oil well;
the load difference obtaining module is further configured to obtain a second load difference of the target oil well every second preset time, where the second load difference is a maximum load difference of the target oil well during normal production without using an electric heating technology;
a well wax deposition determining module for determining when Y-0.9150X +14.4314, Y-2Y ≦ Y is satisfied between the first load difference and the second load difference1When the wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well has wax precipitation;
wherein the preset condition between the first load difference and the second load difference is 0.9150X +14.4314, and Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1Y +2 is less than or equal to, and is obtained by performing linear fitting according to the load difference data of the oil well which is actually waxed;
the electric heating starting module is further used for restarting electric heating of the target oil well when the target oil well is waxed;
the electric heating stopping module is further used for stopping electric heating of the target oil well when the load difference of the target oil well is equal to the first load difference;
wherein Y represents the second load difference reference value, X represents the first load difference, and Y represents the second load difference reference value1Representing said second load difference, Y, X and Y1The units are all millennium.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the well waxing determination module is further configured to:
when the first load difference and the second load difference meet the condition that Y is X +15, Y-2 is less than or equal to Y1And when the wax precipitation rate is less than or equal to Y +2, determining that the target oil well has wax precipitation.
8. The device according to claim 6, wherein the first preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
9. The device according to claim 6, wherein the second preset time is 1 minute to 10 minutes.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the electrical heating activation module is configured to:
the target well was electrically heated using a hollow rod electrical heating technique.
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| CN201810573590.5A CN108798598B (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2018-06-06 | Electric heating method and device for oil well |
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| CN201810573590.5A CN108798598B (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2018-06-06 | Electric heating method and device for oil well |
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| RU2154732C1 (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-08-20 | Шилов Александр Александрович | Technique for working of face zone |
| CN102587861B (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2015-01-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | System and method for automatic electric heating control for oil pumping well |
| DE102014220709A1 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Mechanically supporting and electrically insulating mechanical connection |
| CN107816334B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2020-03-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for controlling heating of sucker rod |
| CN107724999B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-08-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method that the time is added in determining well wax clearing agent for oil |
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