CN1087979A

CN1087979A - Method for refuse incinerating treatment

Info

Publication number: CN1087979A
Application number: CN 92113621
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈怡�; 杨文果; 严勃; 吴豫
Original assignee: SPECIAL REFUSE BURNING SITE CHENGDU CITY
Current assignee: SPECIAL REFUSE BURNING SITE CHENGDU CITY
Priority date: 1992-12-11
Filing date: 1992-12-11
Publication date: 1994-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2007-12-11
Also published as: CN1051610C

Abstract

The present invention delivers to incinerator as oven dry gas and auxiliary air after the dirty air in the rubbish bunker is delivered to the heat exchanger preheating.Incinerator has reciprocating fire grate, is divided into oven dry, burning according to physics, chemical process, three districts of after-flame, and the fire grate in each district all has preheated air to enter.The combustion zone has the coal pulverizer coal powder injection combustion-supporting, and the flue gas end socket is arranged at its top, dry and burning produce gas through the high temperature sufficiently sterilised after heat exchanger, deduster, chimney enters atmosphere.But the various rubbish of extensive treatments are particularly suitable for handling the extraordinary rubbish in hospital, hotel.

Description

Method for refuse incinerating treatment

The present invention is relevant with destroying by fire of refuse, with the removing of combustion products or combustion residue or handle relevant, especially relevant with the hotel garbage burning processing method with the hospital that contains bacterium.

Existing garbage incineration method is with truck rubbish to be discharged in the rubbish bunker, sends rubbish to the rubbish hopper with garbage crane again, enters incinerator and incinerates.The long garden tubular of incinerator for tilting has the grate of tiltably-mounted, and rubbish enters directly burning of back from its upper end, and combustion gas enters the boiler heat exchange by the flue of upper end, and flue gas is again through electrostatic precipitator, is harmful to behind the gas absorption tower by smoke stack emission.Air is delivered to the steam regenerative air heater through pressure fan, and after temperature rose to about 200 ℃, it was combustion-supporting to enter incinerator by grate, and ashes are transported with crane after inclined grate falls into ash-discharging device and ashcan again.The method has following shortcoming:

1. the dirty smelly air in the rubbish bunker is unprocessed, and contaminated environment influences operator's health.

2. air preheat needs equipment in addition, and it is combustion-supporting that no auxiliary air enters incinerator.Equipment is once invested greatly, and operating cost is higher.

3. rubbish is not dry in advance, and incomplete combustion has a large amount of unburnt combustibles.The combustion gas temperature is on the low side, and the thermal efficiency is lower.

The incineration of garbage method that CN85105948A provides is that moist rubbish is directly mixed closely with dead flue gas, send many two covers garden bucket continuous stirring drying machines arranged side by side after the heating, enter the thermocompressor compression after the moisture content vaporization in the rubbish, the water vapour heat drying machine that utilizes rubbish itself to discharge, the water vapour that the heat of deficiency is discharged by turbine is supplied.Dry back rubbish send the incinerator hothouse directly to mix with the high-temp combustion gas of rising, and remaining moisture content vaporization rapidly becomes the high temperature combustibles of drying, falls to unloading on portable siege and high temperature air catalytic combustion through preheating.The shortcoming of this technology is the technological process complexity, and equipment investment is bigger.As 2400 tonnes of day disposals of refuse, needing the drying machine heating surface (area) (HS is 2000 square metres, and its diameter is in 4 meters, and then drying machine length reaches 320 meters, and equipment is huge, and peripheral heat loss is very considerable.Especially the drying garbage treatment temperature is not high, and Xiao Du processing gas is not easy to overflow contaminated environment, especially is unsuitable for handling hospital, the extraordinary rubbish in hotel.CN87103229A has done improvement to above-mentioned technology, be characterized in superheated vapor is directly imported drying machine, wherein the contained moisture content of rubbish is heated becomes steam, mix with superheated vapor in order to heating, derive drying machine, and import overheating steam heater, after being heated into superheated vapor, recirculation imports drying machine, the rubbish that continues to enter in order to drying.Use drying with superheated steam, the steam that not only heats usefulness must be overheated, and whole drying machine and mixed vapour must be in superheat state, just do not cause water vapor condensation, and the humidity of increase rubbish, therefore need a large amount of superheated vapors, the investment of its equipment and the consumption of the energy also are no small, and the pollution problem that dry processing produces gas is also unresolved.

It is higher to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of thermal efficiency, and the refuse exhaust-gas treatment is abundant, complete, and equipment investment is little, the rubbish continous treatment process that cost-performance ratio is high.Another object of the present invention is free from environmental pollution in processing procedure.

The present invention is achieved in that

Rubbish is transported in the bunker, and the garbage leachate in the bunker send cesspool to handle through water pump, and the dirty air in the bunker is delivered to after the heat-exchanging chamber preheating auxiliary air and oven dry air as incinerator by air-introduced machine.Propeller is delivered to incineration chamber's burner hearth with the rubbish in the bunker.

Incineration chamber is horizontal, and reciprocating fire grate is arranged, and its microscler burner hearth is divided into baking zone according to physics, chemical process, combustion zone, burning-out zone.All have the air of preheating to enter under the fire grate in each district, at baking zone as the oven dry air, at combustion zone and burning-out zone as auxiliary air.The coal pulverizer nozzle is facing to the center, combustion zone, and it is combustion-supporting suitably to spray into coal dust according to the combustibility of rubbish, flammable high as rubbish, and is shouldn't coal dust combustion-supporting.Rubbish after the oven dry is mainly in this regional internal combustion, and burner hearth has the flue gas end socket on this regional top, and combustion gas fully enters narrower flue after the burning again in the end socket inside turn.The rubbish that comes out from the combustion zone enters burning-out zone at the flue-dust retainer that falls of combustion-supporting following complete afterburnt of auxiliary air, and the belt conveyor below flue-dust retainer is delivered to big flue-dust retainer as ready.

High-temperature flue gas to the water for cooling device, cools to 300 °-400 ℃ through flue, and the dirty air of sending here to the heat exchanger preheating from trash repository through dust arrester then is again through smoke stack emission.

High-temperature flue gas can successively pass through water for cooling chamber, gravitational precipitator, cyclone dust collectors, heat exchanger, bubble dust collector, smoke stack emission.

The present invention is with baking zone, the combustion zone all concentrates in incineration chamber's burner hearth, dividing region is by physics, chemical reaction process decision, oven dry air and auxiliary air all are the dirty air through preheating, moist rubbish strong thermal radiation in hyperthermia drying air and burner hearth fully toasts drying, and drying effect is good.The gas that produces in the dry run in the combustion chamber through the high temperature sufficiently sterilised, free from environmental pollution.Apparatus arrangement is reasonable, and heat energy utilization is abundant, small investment.Operating cost is low.In combustion zone focus utilization extra power, heat is concentrated, and in addition the auxiliary air after the preheating and the setting of flue gas end socket and burning-out zone make sufficient combustion, the combustion gas temperature, and thermal efficiency height, waste gas, the lime-ash sterilization is fully.With after the dirty air preheat in the rubbish bunker as the auxiliary air of waste incineration and oven dry air, reduce of the pollution of dirty smelly air to atmosphere, improve working environment.Mechanization degree height of the present invention, garbage disposal is continuous, and equipment link in service is few, and fault is few.

Following is accompanying drawing of the present invention:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the process chart that is shown by equipment of the present invention

Following is embodiments of the invention:

Rubbish is transported by closed collection entrucking 24, pours in the seal type garbage bunker 3, by the grab bucket of driving 5 rubbish in the bunker is sent in the rubbish hopper 6, by hydraulic pusher 7 rubbish is advanced the incinerator burner hearth.Electrical centre control room 1 is arranged, driving control room 2.Sewage permeation in the rubbish bunker is delivered to the sewage disposal chamber that arrow C is represented to sewage collecting well 4 by water pump.The direction that the dirty air of rubbish bunker is represented from arrow A by air-introduced machine 18 is delivered to heat exchanger 20.

Incineration chamber is horizontal, and rubbish is delivered on the reciprocating fire grate 8, successively by baking zone, and combustion zone, burning-out zone.The nozzle of coal pulverizer 10 during blow-on, by igniting oil pump oil spout ignition, treats that incineration chamber's temperature raises facing to the center, combustion zone, and coal pulverizer is to the combustion zone Coal powder spray, coal dust firing, and the igniting oil pump stops oil spout, and reciprocal grate work moves to the combustion zone burning with rubbish.Air-introduced machine 19 work, high-temperature flue gas end socket 9 be detained after flue to water for cooling device 15, gravity settling chamber 16, cyclone dust collectors 17, heat exchanger 20, bubble dust collector 22 drains in the atmosphere to chimney 21.Water pump 25 is delivered to bubble dust collector 22 with water from circulating water pool from the direction that arrow D represents.

The direction that dirty smelly air in the rubbish bunker is represented from arrow B after the preheating in heat exchanger is sent into incinerator oven dry, burning, burning-out zone fire grate.Rubbish moves to the combustion zone after baking zone is by the oven dry of the thermal radiation in preheated air and the burner hearth combustion-supporting by coal dust and the preheated air under the fire grate that the Coal-disintegrating machine spray comes, the most rubbish of basic burning moves to burning-out zone, become lime-ash at the combustion-supporting abundant after-flame down of the auxiliary air of preheating, be enclosed on the belt conveyer 11 from little flue-dust retainer.Lime-ash by magnetic separation roller 12 magnetic separation after, deliver in the big flue-dust retainer 14 by elevator 13.Receive fortune car 23 by lime-ash and transport lime-ash.

Claims

1, method for refuse incinerating treatment, its feature comprises the steps:

1. rubbish is transported in the bunker, sewage send cesspool to handle through water pump in the storehouse, and the dirty smelly air in the storehouse is delivered to incinerator as oven dry gas and auxiliary air after delivering to the heat exchanger preheating by air-introduced machine,

2. incineration chamber is horizontal, reciprocating fire grate is arranged, according to physics, chemical process is divided into baking zone, the combustion zone, burning-out zone, the fire grate in each district all has preheated air to enter, at baking zone as the oven dry air, at combustion zone and burning-out zone as auxiliary air, the coal pulverizer nozzle is facing to the center, combustion zone, it is combustion-supporting suitably to spray into coal dust according to the combustibility of rubbish, and the flammable height as rubbish can not need coal dust combustion-supporting, the flue gas end socket is arranged at top, combustion zone, combustion gas is fully burnt in the end socket inside turn, enter narrower flue after the sterilization again, rubbish is dried at baking zone, move to the combustion zone burning, move to the burning-out zone after-flame again, lime-ash is delivered to the flue-dust retainer as ready

3. arrive the water for cooling chamber through adequately disinfected high-temperature flue gas by flue, deduster is discharged from chimney behind the heat exchanger,

2, method for refuse incinerating treatment according to claim 1 is characterized in that high-temperature flue gas successively passes through water for cooling chamber, gravitational precipitator, cyclone dust collectors, heat exchanger, bubble dust collector, smoke stack emission.