CN108797523B - Water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam - Google Patents
Water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN108797523B CN108797523B CN201810617398.1A CN201810617398A CN108797523B CN 108797523 B CN108797523 B CN 108797523B CN 201810617398 A CN201810617398 A CN 201810617398A CN 108797523 B CN108797523 B CN 108797523B
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam, which comprises: a foundation dam body comprising a water-facing slope and a water-backing slope corresponding to each other; a mobile dam placed on a water-facing slope; the bottom of the movable dam is hollow to form a water cushion containing cavity with an opening, and debris flow enters from the opening of the water cushion containing cavity; the bottom rear end of the movable dam is provided with a supporting bulge. The bottom front end of the movable dam is raised in the impact of debris flow, and the movable dam moves on the upstream slope under the assistance of the supporting protrusions. The movable dam moves upwards to be higher and retreat, so that a larger space is reserved for containing debris flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of debris flow safety protection, and particularly relates to a water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam.
Background
The dynamic pressure of the slurry of the debris flow and the impact force of the rock block are typical impact loads and are characterized by short action times (in milliseconds, microseconds or even nanoseconds) but generate extreme pressures that ultimately cause media movement, material failure and overall structural failure. At present, the main means for preventing and controlling the debris flow is to establish a debris flow blocking dam, completely block the debris flow by adopting a gravity type retaining wall, and add a diversion channel on the basis of the blocking dam to buffer the impact force of the debris flow.
However, the debris flow is mixed with a large amount of stones and trees in the movement process, and the diversion channel of the conventional debris flow blocking dam is easily blocked, so that the debris flow is accumulated. Under the condition of complex geological environment, the gravity type retaining wall bears the effect of special variable load, once the dam collapse damage occurs in the debris flow outbreak process, the expected prevention and control effect cannot be achieved, and the dam body and the blocked solid matters also become loose solid matter sources of the debris flow and directly participate in the debris flow movement, so that the flow and the destructiveness of the debris flow are increased, and even more unexpected disaster loss can be caused.
Due to the occurrence of the debris flow and the certainty of the level of the debris flow, a single debris flow prevention and treatment means is difficult to meet the prevention, treatment and control of the debris flow in different degrees. If a large and stable blocking dam is built, the problem of block impact force damage resistance of the traditional blocking dam can be effectively solved to a great extent, but the construction requirement is high, the building is difficult, the cost is increased in multiples, and the large-scale popularization and construction cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing debris flow prevention and control means are difficult to meet the debris flow prevention and control treatment of different degrees, and provides a water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam which is good in debris flow prevention and control effect and high in applicability.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam, which comprises:
a foundation dam body comprising a water-facing slope and a water-backing slope corresponding to each other;
a mobile dam placed on a water-facing slope; the bottom of the movable dam is hollow to form a water cushion containing cavity with an opening, and debris flow enters from the opening of the water cushion containing cavity; the bottom rear end of the movable dam is provided with a supporting bulge.
Preferably, the slope of the water-facing slope is slower than that of the backwater slope. The slope of the water-facing slope of a normal retaining dam is steep, so that the dam can bear the huge impact of debris flow.
And through this design, the slope of the water-facing slope is more slowly be convenient for remove the removal of dam, and simultaneously, the water-facing slope has the effect of direction, and the guide mud-rock flow is constantly towards the bottom front end impact of removing the dam. The slope of the backwater slope is steeper, and if the moving slope is flushed down from the base dam body by debris flow in an emergency, the moving slope falls beside the backwater slope; due to the drainage of the water-facing slope, the debris flow can be flushed out in a parabola shape, and the movable dam cannot be impacted, so that the movable dam is prevented from becoming solid matters in the debris flow, and further damage is avoided.
Preferably, the water cushion accommodating cavity comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity, and an opening of the front cavity is an opening of the water cushion accommodating cavity; the front cavity is communicated with the rear cavity through a flow limiting port.
Through this design, the overall structure in antechamber can hold bigger mud-rock flow and get into the water cushion and hold the chamber, is favorable to removing the dam and lifts, and then moves upward and retreat with removing the dam, effectively cushions the mud-rock flow. The rear cavity is communicated with the front cavity through a flow limiting opening, so that the water quantity is reduced and the water quantity enters the deep part of the water cushion accommodating cavity. Allowing the water cushion to remain active longer.
Preferably, the movable dam is further provided with another counterweight cavity with an opening, and the counterweight cavity is used for containing a weighting medium and increasing the self weight of the movable dam.
A hollow counterweight cavity is additionally arranged on the movable dam, and a counterweight medium is additionally arranged in the counterweight cavity, so that the whole mass of the movable dam can be adjusted. The weight of the movable dam can be correspondingly increased according to the local debris flow grade or the actual condition. Ensuring the prevention and control safety of the debris flow. Meanwhile, before the movable dam is used, the counterweight cavity is in an empty state, so that the movable dam is convenient to transport.
Preferably, the support protrusion is embodied as a rear wheel hinged to the bottom rear end of the moving dam by a steel shaft. Through secondary design, through design and experiment, realize the feasibility that a rear wheel assistance removed the dam and remove, change the support arch originally into rolling friction by sliding friction, reduce the frictional force that removes the dam, better remove on the water-facing slope and do not pour by the mud-rock flow.
Preferably, a guide rail matched with the rear wheel is arranged on the water-facing slope. Through the design, the guide rail is matched with the rear wheel, and specific guiding movement can be realized under the condition of high load. Because the movable dam bears the impact force of debris flow unevenly, the movable dam is prevented from being impacted, turned and the like through guide rail guiding and limiting.
Preferably, the opening of the counterweight cavity is provided with a sealing block.
Preferably, the weighting medium is water, sand or a sand-water mixture.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the movable dam is placed on the water-facing slope of the base dam body. When debris flow occurs, the debris flow impacts the movable dam and enters from the opening of the water cushion cavity. Part of the impact force of the debris flow acts inside the water cushion chamber, causing the front end of the mobile dam to be lifted. With the aid of the supporting projections, the mobile dam slides on the water-facing slope. The movable dam moves upwards to be higher and retreat, so that a larger space is reserved for containing debris flow.
Meanwhile, the invention adopts the self weight of the movable dam to buffer the debris flow. When the movable dam is lifted by the impact force of the debris flow to move, the movable dam offsets the impact of a considerable portion of the debris flow by means of the self weight. Compared with the existing debris flow protection means, the debris flow protection device has better debris flow prevention and control effect and impact resistance.
2. The base dam body is stabilized on the ground, and the water-facing slope of the base dam body has a guiding function: the bottom front end that the guide mud-rock flow impacted the removal dam then raises the removal dam, and the impact force is alleviated in the relative motion of removing the dam, makes it be difficult to be destroyed and fall down by the mud-rock flow. Meanwhile, if the debris flow fades, the bottom of the debris flow loses thrust, and the debris flow is stabilized at the current position. The water cushion slope-moving type height-increasing adjustable counterweight dam is high in overall stability.
3. Impact force in the debris flow weakening process can be weakened, upward thrust of the movable dam body is reduced, and the movable dam can automatically fall back gradually under the combined action of gravity and the supporting protrusions. Or after the debris flow is removed or cleaned, the next round of debris flow protection can be implemented through artificial auxiliary reset.
4. The continuous rise of the mobile dam on the foundation dam body increases the resistance to debris flow. Forming a debris flow protection means with the function similar to that of a large-scale blocking dam. However, the combination mode has relatively low construction requirements, and the movable dam can be transported and placed on the foundation dam body after being additionally manufactured.
5. Through the mode that sets up a plurality of removal dam combinations on the base dam body to and change the specification size of removing the dam, make the cushion move the slope formula and increase the application scope height of adjustable counter weight dam, can adapt to the protection that carries out the debris flow under a great deal of environmental condition, can use widely on a large scale, carry out the debris flow.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment 1 of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the invention:
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment 1 of the water-cushioned slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation view of a movable dam of embodiment 1 of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a force simulation analysis diagram of embodiment 1 of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment 2 of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment 2 of the water-cushioned slope-shifting heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a force simulation analysis diagram of embodiment 2 of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment 3 of the water-cushioned slope raising adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic elevation view of a movable dam of embodiment 3 of the water-cushioned slope-shifting heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment 4 of the water-cushioned slope raising adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic elevation view of a movable dam of embodiment 4 of the water-cushioned slope-shifting heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 5 of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the invention.
In the figure: 1-base dam body, 11-upstream slope, 12-downstream slope, 13-guide rail, 2-movable dam, 21-water cushion cavity, 211-front cavity, 212-rear cavity, 213-flow restriction port, 22-supporting bulge, 23-counterweight cavity, 231-sealing cover and 232-counterweight medium.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the embodiment 1 includes a foundation dam body 1 and a movable dam 2. The movable dam 2 is movably arranged on the base plate body, under the impact of debris flow, the movable dam 2 moves upwards, and a larger space is allowed to resist the impact force of the debris flow and the buffering debris flow.
The base dam body 1 is formed by pouring steel beams and concrete. The base dam body 1 is provided with a water-facing slope 11 and a backwater slope 12 which correspond to each other, and the cross section of the base dam body 1 is in a trapezoid shape. The water-facing slope 11 is a side wall which bears the impact of debris flow, but the slope of the water-facing slope is gentle, and the slope of the backwater slope 12 is steep.
The movable dam 2 is formed by pouring steel beams and concrete with strength higher than C40, and the bottom surface of the movable dam matches the water-facing slope 11. The movable dam 2 comprises an upstream surface and a downstream surface; the dam body near the upstream surface at the bottom of the movable dam 2 is the front end of the bottom, and the dam body near the downstream surface is the rear end of the bottom.
Specifically, the front end of the bottom of the movable dam 2 is hollow to form a water cushion cavity 21 with an opening; the opening of the water cushion accommodating cavity 21 is in a bell mouth shape, and the opening is arranged on the upstream surface of the movable dam 2. The only convex arc edge at the rear end of the bottom of the movable dam 2 is the supporting protrusion 22. When the bottom front end is lifted by the debris flow, the moving dam 2 slides on the upstream slope by means of the support projection 22.
Preferably, the surface of the water-facing slope 11 is recessed to form a groove-shaped guide rail 13, which matches the slope of the water-facing slope 11. The supporting protrusion 22 matches with the guide rail 13, and the upward movement and the guiding function of the limiting moving dam 2 are achieved. The support protrusion 22 is disposed in the concave guide rail 13, so that the bottom surface of the movable dam 2 is more attached to the water-facing slope 11. Meanwhile, the support protrusions 22 reduce the contact area of the bottom surface of the movable dam 2 with the water-facing slope 11, facilitating the automatic falling of the movable dam 2.
Working principle of example 1:
the movable dam is placed on the water-facing slope of the base dam body. When debris flow occurs, the debris flow impacts the movable dam and enters from the opening of the water cushion cavity. As shown in the force analysis diagram of fig. 4, a part of the impact force of the debris flow acts on the inside of the water cushion cavity, so that the front end of the moving dam is lifted. Under the assistance of the supporting protrusion, the movable dam moves on the upstream slope.
The upward movement of the movable dam is increased and retreated, so that a larger space is reserved for containing debris flow, and meanwhile, the impact force of the debris flow is buffered. The water-facing slope of the base dam body has a guiding function, debris flow is guided to impact the front end of the bottom of the movable dam, and the movable dam is kept lifted. Meanwhile, the movable dam cannot be flushed down by debris flow under the gravity of the movable dam. Until the debris flow weakens, the impact force weakens in the weakening process, the upward thrust of the movable dam body is reduced, and the movable dam can automatically fall back gradually under the combined action of gravity and the supporting protrusions.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the embodiment 2 is similar to the structure of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the support protrusion is specifically a rear wheel, and the guide rail 13 is matched with the rear wheel.
Specifically, the rear end of the bottom of the movable dam 2 is hinged with two rear wheels through a steel shaft, and the rear wheels are hinged at the bottom of the movable dam 2 in an embedded manner. The rear wheel is formed by placing a steel beam in a prototype steel fine barrel and pouring concrete for curing.
The water-facing slope 11 is concave inwards to form a group of guide rails 13 which are parallel to each other. The guide rail 13 is matched with the rear wheel, and the upward movement of the limiting movable dam 2 has a guiding effect on the rear wheel. The embedded rear wheel is combined with the concave guide rail 13, so that the bottom surface of the movable dam 2 is more attached to the water-facing slope 11.
Through design and experiment, realize the feasibility that a rear wheel assistance removed the dam and remove, change the support arch originally into rolling friction by sliding friction, reduce the frictional force that removes the dam, better move on the upstream slope and do not pour by the mud-rock flow. Meanwhile, the automatic falling of the movable dam is facilitated.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 8 to 9, the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the embodiment 3 is similar to the structure of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the water cushion accommodating chamber 21 of embodiment 3 comprises a front chamber 211 and a rear chamber 212, and the front chamber 211 is communicated with the rear chamber 212 through a flow restriction port 213.
Specifically, the middle portion of the water cushion accommodating chamber 21 is formed with a raised edge protruding inward, and the raised edge divides the water cushion accommodating chamber 21 into a front chamber 211 and a rear chamber 212. The front cavity 211 and the rear cavity 212 are arranged in parallel in sequence from the opening of the water cushion accommodating cavity 21. The spacing between the rim and the inner wall defines a restriction 213 that connects the front chamber 211 to the rear chamber 212.
The opening of the front cavity 211 is the opening of the water cushion accommodating cavity 21 and is in a horn mouth shape. The inner wall of the front cavity gradually converges from the opening to the flow restriction opening. The opening of the rear cavity is a flow restriction port 213, and is communicated with the front cavity 211 through the flow restriction port 213.
The working principle of the water cushion accommodating cavity of the embodiment 3 is as follows:
the water cushion cavity comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity. The overall structure of the front cavity can accommodate larger debris flow to enter the water cushion accommodating cavity, the impact force of the debris flow is concentrated and borne to lift the front end of the bottom of the movable dam, and upward movement and backward movement of the movable dam are achieved. The rear cavity is communicated with the front cavity through a flow limiting opening, so that the water quantity is reduced and the water quantity enters the deep part of the water cushion accommodating cavity. The water cushion has longer action retention time, fully pushes the movable dam to reserve larger bearing space, and is also favorable for realizing automatic falling of the movable dam.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 10 to 11, the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the embodiment 4 is similar to the structure of the embodiment 3, and the difference is that: the top dam body of the movable dam 2 is hollow to form a counterweight cavity 23 with an opening.
Specifically, the top dam body of the movable dam 2 is further provided with a counterweight cavity 23 which is independent from the water cushion cavity 21, and when the movable dam is manufactured, the top of the movable dam is filled through a core mold, and then casting molding is performed. The weight cavity 23 is filled with a weight medium 232, and the weight medium 232 is water, sand or a water-sand mixture.
Preferably, the opening of the weight chamber is provided with a sealing block 231, isolating the weight chamber 23 from the outside.
A hollow counterweight cavity is additionally arranged on the movable dam, and a counterweight medium is additionally arranged in the counterweight cavity, so that the whole mass of the movable dam can be adjusted. The weight of the movable dam can be correspondingly increased according to the local debris flow grade or the actual condition. Ensuring the prevention and control safety of the debris flow.
Meanwhile, before the movable dam is used, the counterweight cavity of the movable dam is in an empty state. Due to the fact that the geographic position and the environmental condition of the retaining dam are built, the empty counterweight cavity reduces the mass of the movable dam, transportation is facilitated, and the construction requirement is correspondingly reduced.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 12, the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of the embodiment 5 is similar to the structure of the embodiment 4, and the difference is that: a plurality of movable dams 2 with different specifications are arranged on the water-facing slope of the base dam body 1.
Specifically, a plurality of movable dams 2 are placed on an upstream slope 11 of the base dam body 1, and a plurality of groups of guide rails 13 matched with the movable dams 2 are arranged on the upstream slope 11.
Due to the environmental conditions of complex geology in China, the construction of the water-cushion slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam is influenced. If the device is only in a resisting mode of a movable dam, the device is not scientific and cannot be applied to complex geographic environments.
However, a corresponding moving dam is placed on the oncoming slope by the certainty of the debris flow grade and the impact position of the flow direction thereof, and the like. For example, a moving dam with a large width, a long length and a large mass is placed at a main impact position of the debris flow, and a moving dam with a small specification is placed around the moving dam. The specification of the movable dam can be adjusted correspondingly according to the actual environment adjustment.
Through this mode, the application degree of adjustable counter weight dam is increased to water cushion formula of moving slope height is high. The movable dam is adjusted according to the environmental conditions, so that the movable dam can be constructed and used in different environments in a targeted manner, and the debris flow prevention effect is good.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a water cushion moves slope formula and increases adjustable counter weight dam which characterized in that includes:
a foundation dam body comprising a water-facing slope and a water-backing slope corresponding to each other;
a mobile dam placed on a water-facing slope; the bottom of the movable dam is hollow to form a water cushion containing cavity with an opening, and debris flow enters from the opening of the water cushion containing cavity; the rear end of the bottom of the movable dam is provided with a supporting bulge;
the slope of the water-facing slope is slower than that of the backwater slope;
the water cushion accommodating cavity comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity, and the opening of the front cavity is the opening of the water cushion accommodating cavity; the front cavity is communicated with the rear cavity through a flow limiting port; the movable dam is further provided with another counterweight cavity with an opening, and the counterweight cavity is used for containing a weight increasing medium and increasing the self weight of the movable dam.
2. The water-filled slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the supporting bulge is a rear wheel which is hinged to the rear end of the bottom of the movable dam through a steel shaft.
3. The water-filled slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the opening of the water cushion accommodating cavity is in a horn mouth shape.
4. The water-filled slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
and a guide rail matched with the supporting bulge is arranged on the water-facing slope.
5. The water-filled slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
and a sealing block is arranged at an opening of the counterweight cavity.
6. The water-filled slope-shifting type heightening adjustable counterweight dam of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the weight increasing medium is water, sand or a sand-water mixture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810617398.1A CN108797523B (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810617398.1A CN108797523B (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108797523A CN108797523A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108797523B true CN108797523B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810617398.1A Expired - Fee Related CN108797523B (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Water cushion slope-moving type heightening adjustable counterweight dam |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU5538699A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-01-09 | Forskningsparken I As | A portable flood barrier |
| JP2001099686A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-13 | Fujikura Ltd | Optical monitoring apparatus and optical fiber sensor |
| CN1472393A (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-02-04 | 彭大雄 | Energy absorbed mud flow preventing method and arrangement |
| CN2560680Y (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2003-07-16 | 庄士贵 | Dam |
| CN102002938B (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-06 | 李布尔 | Combined hollow plastic sheet-pile |
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Effective date of registration: 20200420 Address after: 315725 22 Dongxi Park Road, Xinqiao Town, Xiangshan County, Ningbo, Zhejiang Applicant after: XIANGSHAN XINGQI ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: In the village of new town of Xiangshan County in Zhejiang province 315725 Ningbo City 4 Group No. 75 Applicant before: Li Chunya |
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