CN108796012A - The method for building photoresponse DNA nanostructure - Google Patents
The method for building photoresponse DNA nanostructure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108796012A CN108796012A CN201810616114.7A CN201810616114A CN108796012A CN 108796012 A CN108796012 A CN 108796012A CN 201810616114 A CN201810616114 A CN 201810616114A CN 108796012 A CN108796012 A CN 108796012A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods of structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure, include the following steps：Step 1 is synthetically prepared the phosphoramidite protection monomer that glycerine connects azobenzene using glycidol as raw material using three steps；Step 2 protects monomer as raw material, azobenzene is inserted into the designated position in design dna sequence by DNA synthesizer, obtains photosensitive DNA chain using phosphoramidite；Photosensitive DNA chain is added buffer solution system together with other implementation sequences, is put into PCR instrument (or thermal insulation cup) and anneals, obtain photoresponse DNA nanostructure by step 3；Step 4 observes DNA self-assembled nano structures by means such as atomic force microscope, and under ultraviolet light, nanostructure is scattered completely or partially, and under visible light illumination, nanostructure is restored.The method can easily prepare photoresponse DNA nanostructure, realize clean, efficient laser nano-control structure change.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to DNA field of nanometer material technology more particularly to a kind of methods of structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure.
Background technology
The molecular device and nanodevice constructed by DNA materials are with a wide range of applications.General dna nano-machine fills
Setting can be driven by the biological energy sources form such as digestion, strand displacement, and the forms such as heat, electricity or external ions can also be used to drive.Due to
The advantages that the safe, green of light energy source, remote-controllable, light-operated DNA materials become ideal energy input form.
In the prior art, it mainly realizes the unwinding of light-operated DNA by two kinds of means and hybridizes, be included in DNA skeletons to change
Learning key wedging photosensitive molecular influences base pairing or additional photoresponse and influences the small molecule of DNA hybridization.For system safety
The considerations of in terms of individual molecule effectiveness, is embedded in functional molecular by chemical bond and is substantially better than physics addition in the molecule.20 generation
Azobenzene functional group is wedged DNA sequence dna by Ji Mo, Japanese Asanuma and Komiyama etc. using Soviet Union's ammonia ol skeleton, passes through photograph
The light for penetrating different wave length, controls the unwinding of DNA double chain and hybridizes.It is in trans- structure under visible light by the azobenzene of skeleton wedging
Type can be plugged into base-pair bedding void, although double-spiral structure can be caused to slightly have torsional deformation, due to hydrophobicity azobenzene
Contribution to accumulation force can maintain or even increase the stability of DNA double helical structure；And azobenzene is in cis- after ultraviolet lighting
Configuration, due to the influence of volume steric hindrance, hydrogen bond action weakens between leading to base, and double-spiral structure is easy to be opened.But with doping
When azobenzene control is compared with length dna sequence, a small amount of optical functional element can not effectively realize it is light-operated, and after being inserted into multiple functional moleculars,
Since double-spiral structure twist distortion is serious, double-strand hybridization stability reduces.And it is different under the azobenzene room temperature for ammonia alcohol wedging of reviving
Structure ratio is low, and light control capacity is weak, and many work can only carry out at a relatively high temperature, seriously hinder azobenzene light
Respond the application of DNA.
Based on the above reason, the present inventor selects the glycerol molecule of small volume to synthesize novel azo for skeleton within 2013
Benzene adulterates DNA, reduces double-stranded torsional deformation after wedging azobenzene；Azobenzene is connected with ehter bond, improves photo-isomerisable
Change ratio and photic unwinding efficiency；Reversible light-operated unwinding at room temperature is realized, light-operated efficiency is substantially increased；Further research is real
The light-operated reversible strand displacement without chain consumption and by-product is showed, new material is provided for photosensitive DNA self assemblies.This new
On the basis of the photosensitive DNA materials of type, photoresponse DNA nanostructure is prepared, by laser nano-control structure change, realizes clean, nothing
Wound, efficient light stimulus response nano structure change have great researching value.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of method of structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure is provided, especially by change skeleton
Adulterate DNA chain with the photosensitive azobenzene of substitution modification azobenzene synthesizing new, realize at room temperature efficiently light-operated DNA unwindings with it is miscellaneous
It hands over, then by sequence design, photosensitive DNA chain and other auxiliary DNA chain is annealed and obtain photoresponse DNA nanostructure jointly.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical solutions：
Step 1：Using glycidol as raw material the phosphoramidite protection list that glycerine connects azobenzene is synthetically prepared using three steps
Body；
Step 2：It protects monomer as raw material using phosphoramidite, azobenzene is inserted by design dna sequence by DNA synthesizer
Designated position in row obtains photosensitive DNA chain；
Step 3：Buffer solution system is added together with other implementation sequences in photosensitive DNA chain, be put into PCR instrument (or heat preservation
Cup) in anneal, obtain photoresponse DNA nanostructure.
The above-mentioned photoresponse DNA nanostructure being prepared is observed DNA self assemblies by means such as atomic force microscope and is received
Rice structure, under ultraviolet light, nanostructure is scattered completely or partially, and under visible light illumination, nanostructure is restored.
Further, the step 1 is specific as follows：
The first step：4,4'- dimethoxytrityls are used under 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and triethylamine (TEA) catalysis
Chloromethanes (DMT-Cl) is reacted with the terminal hydroxy group of (R)-(+)-glycidol, protects terminal hydroxy group；
Second step：Make epoxy ring-opening with optical functional element 4- hydroxyazobenzenes or dimethyl azobenzene, is linked by ehter bond
To another terminal hydroxy group of glycerine, and expose the hydroxyl on secondary carbon；
Third walks：With the hydroxyl on phosphorus reagent protection secondary carbon, phosphoramidite esterification product, i.e. azobenzene phosphorous are obtained
Amide protects monomer (hereinafter referred to as photosensitive monomer is known as photosensitive base in insetion sequence).
Further, the step 2 is specific as follows：
Azobenzene phosphoramidite protection monomer is dissolved in dry acetonitrile in DNA synthesizes bottle, azobenzene phosphoramidite will be housed
The bottle and common nucleotides dA, dG, dC and dT phosphoramidite monomer for protecting monomer are mounted on DNA synthesizer, are synthesized by DNA
The DNA self assembly sequences that instrument inputs a design are synthesized.Product after synthesis is first subjected to ammonolysis, after with polyacrylamide
Amine gel electrophoresis (PAGE) purifies.
The DNA self assemblies sequence designed in the step 2 need to be inserted into photosensitive monomer in target unzipping part, and every chain is most
1 photosensitive base mostly can be designed every 2 conventional bases；It, can also be in two chains of hybridization to improve photosensitive base quantity
It is inserted into photosensitive base respectively.
Further, the step 3 is specific as follows：
Use TAE-Mg2+Buffer solution dissolves photosensitive DNA chain and other DNA sequence dnas, and is mixed according to a certain concentration, then
Mixed solution is annealed by setup program in PCR instrument, or is put into the thermal insulation cup for fill boiling water and anneals naturally, obtains light sound
Answer DNA nanostructure.
Further, the DNA nanostructure can be one-dimensional assembling, two dimension assembling or three-dimensional assembling self-assembled nanometer knot
Structure.
In conjunction with above-described embodiment, under liquid phase or gas phase state by atomic force microscope can be observed it is apparent it is one-dimensional,
Two dimension or three-dimensional structure.With ultraviolet light (365nm) irradiating sample 5min, atomic force microscope detection, nanostructure are then carried out
It scatters completely or partially.With visible light (450-800nm) irradiating sample 5min, atomic force microscope detection, nanometer are then carried out
Structure is restored.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：Using smaller glycerol molecule as skeleton, by submissive
Property ehter bond wedging azobenzene or dimethyl azobenzene, reduce doping DNA and structural distortion when natural complementary strand thereof, improve
The photoisomerization ratio of azobenzene functional group, so as to improve light-operated unwinding effect.It is inserted into multiple idols especially for long chain DNA
After pyridine, increase with the hybridization stability of natural complementary strand, realize at room temperature efficiently light-operated DNA unwindings and hybridize, to prepare
Photoresponse DNA nanostructure provides ideal photosensitive raw material.On the basis of this novel photosensitive DNA materials, it can facilitate
Prepare photoresponse DNA nanostructure, realize clean, efficient laser nano-control structure change
It should be appreciated that as long as aforementioned concepts and all combinations additionally conceived that describe in greater detail below are at this
Sample design it is not conflicting in the case of can be viewed as the disclosure subject matter a part.In addition, required guarantor
All combinations of the theme of shield are considered as a part for the subject matter of the disclosure.
Can be more fully appreciated from the following description in conjunction with attached drawing present invention teach that foregoing and other aspect, reality
Apply example and feature.The feature and/or advantageous effect of other additional aspects such as illustrative embodiments of the present invention will be below
Description in it is obvious, or by according to present invention teach that specific implementation mode practice in learn.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is not intended to drawn to scale.In the accompanying drawings, identical or approximately uniform group each of is shown in each figure
It can be indicated by the same numeral at part.For clarity, in each figure, not each component part is labeled.
Now, by example and the embodiments of various aspects of the invention will be described in reference to the drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the one-dimensional DNA nanostructure of photoresponse that according to embodiments of the present invention 1 method provided obtains, wherein (a) is
Assembling schematic diagram (vertical bar grey represents azobenzene)；(b) it is assembling test result；(c) it is that ultraviolet lighting part deconstructs；(d) it is
Ultraviolet lighting deconstructs completely；(e) it is that visible illumination structure restores schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the photoresponse two dimension DNA nanostructure that according to embodiments of the present invention 2 methods provided obtain, wherein (a) is
Assembling schematic diagram (vertical bar grey represents azobenzene)；(b) it is assembling test result；(c) it is that ultraviolet lighting part deconstructs；(d) it is
Visible light restores according to structure division.
Fig. 3 is the photoresponse three dimensional DNA nanostructure that according to embodiments of the present invention 3 methods provided obtain, wherein (a) is
Assembling schematic diagram (vertical bar grey represents azobenzene)；(b) it is assembling test result；(c) it is that ultraviolet lighting part deconstructs；(d) it is
It can be seen that illumination structure restores.
Specific implementation mode
In order to know more about the technology contents of the present invention, spy lifts specific embodiment and institute's accompanying drawings is coordinated to be described as follows.
Various aspects with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe the present invention in the disclosure, shown in the drawings of the embodiment of many explanations.
It is not intended to cover all aspects of the invention for embodiment of the disclosure.It should be appreciated that a variety of designs and reality presented hereinbefore
Those of apply example, and describe in more detail below design and embodiment can in many ways in any one come it is real
It applies, this is because design disclosed in this invention and embodiment are not limited to any embodiment.In addition, disclosed by the invention one
A little aspects can be used alone, or otherwise any appropriately combined be used with disclosed by the invention.
Embodiment 1：Build one-dimensional photoresponse DNA nanostructure
In the present embodiment, the step 1 is specific as follows：
The first step：4,4'- dimethoxytrityls are used under 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and triethylamine (TEA) catalysis
Chloromethanes (DMT-Cl) is reacted with the terminal hydroxy group of (R)-(+)-glycidol, protects terminal hydroxy group.
Second step：With optical functional element 4- hydroxyazobenzenes with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) under potassium carbonate catalysis
The open loop for carrying out epoxy group is reacted for medium back flow, another terminal hydroxy group of glycerine is linked to by ehter bond, and expose on secondary carbon
Hydroxyl.
Third walks：Under the catalysis of tetrazole, with the hydroxyl on phosphorus reagent protection secondary carbon, phosphoramidite esterification is obtained
Product, i.e. azobenzene phosphoramidite protect monomer.
In the present embodiment, the step 2 is specific as follows：Dry glycerine is connected to the Asia of azobenzene in DNA synthesizes bottle
Phosphamide protection monomer is dissolved in dry acetonitrile (concentration about 0.1M), and the phosphoramidite that azobenzene is connected equipped with glycerine is protected monomer
On DNA synthesizer, one is inputted by DNA synthesizer with common nucleotides dA, dG, dC and dT phosphoramidite monomer for bottle
The DNA self assembly sequences of design are synthesized, and (sequence such as table 1, X represent azobenzene, and assembling schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 1 (a), in azobenzene
When monomer couples, the reaction time should be greater than 300s.Synthesis terminates, and product is transferred to bottle, adds 28% ammonium hydroxide of 1ml, is placed in 50 DEG C
Constant temperature about 12h is protected convenient for DNA and is removed from carrier, and product is purified with PAGE.
Sequence used in the one-dimensional DNA nanostructure of 1 photoresponse of table
In the present embodiment, step 3 is specific as follows：Each DNA sequence dna is dissolved in buffer solution, is uniformly mixed, PCR is placed in
Instrument is annealed.Population of samples product is 30 μ l, and a concentration of 0.5 μM, buffer solution is 1 × TAE-Mg2+, wherein Mg2+For 12.5mM.Choosing
PCR instrument cycle of annealing is determined from 95 DEG C to 5 DEG C, time 6h.
In the present embodiment, under gas phase condition, apparent one-dimentional structure can be observed by atomic force microscope ---
Photosensitive DNA nano wires, as shown in Fig. 1 (b).It is 365nm with wavelength, power is in the ultraviolet light direct irradiation centrifuge tube of 10W
Then photosensitive DNA nano wires 5min carries out atomic force microscope detection, without apparent nanostructure, as shown in Fig. 1 (d), point
Analysis thinks that one-dimentional structure disintegrates.It is 525nm with wavelength, power is that the photosensitive DNA in the LED green light direct irradiation centrifuge tubes of 1W receives
Then rice noodles 5min carries out atomic force microscope detection, one-dimentional structure recovery can be observed, as shown in Fig. 1 (e).
Embodiment 2：The two-dimentional photoresponse DNA nanostructure of structure
In the present embodiment, described Step 1: step 2 is same as Example 1.
In the present embodiment, the DNA self assemblies sequence such as table 2 of design, X represent azobenzene, and assembling schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 2 (a).
Sequence used in 2 photoresponse two dimension DNA nanostructure of table
In the present embodiment, the step 3 is assembled comprising two steps, specific as follows：The first step by DNA sequence dna A1X2, A2,
A3, A4 are dissolved in buffer solution, are uniformly mixed, and from 95 DEG C to 5 DEG C, anneal merging PCR instrument 4h, is denoted as DXA3；By DNA sequence dna B1,
B2, B3, B4 are dissolved in buffer solution, are uniformly mixed, and from 95 DEG C to 5 DEG C, anneal merging PCR instrument 4h, is denoted as DXB；Population of samples accumulates
It is 100 μ l, a concentration of 1.0 μM, buffer solution is 1 × TAE-Mg2+, wherein Mg2+For 12.5mM.Second step from sample DXA3,
10 μ l are respectively taken in DXB, are uniformly mixed, and merging PCR instrument is from 42 DEG C to 4 DEG C, annealing time 12h.
In the present embodiment, the step 4 is specific as follows：Under gas phase condition, it can be observed by atomic force microscope
Apparent two-dimensional structure --- photosensitive DNA nanometers of plane, as shown in Fig. 2 (b).It is 365nm with wavelength, power is the LED of 100W
Then photosensitive DNA nano wires 5min in ultraviolet light direct irradiation centrifuge tube carries out atomic force microscope detection, only a small amount of micro-
Small nanostructure thinks that two-dimension plane structure part is disintegrated as shown in Fig. 2 (c).It is 520nm with wavelength, power is
Then photosensitive DNA nano wires 5min in the LED green light direct irradiation centrifuge tubes of 100W carries out atomic force microscope detection, can
Observe that part two-dimensional structure restores, size is less than initial nanometer plane, as shown in Fig. 2 (d).
Embodiment 3：The three-dimensional photoresponse DNA nanostructure of structure
In the present embodiment, described Step 1: step 2 is same as Example 1.
In the present embodiment, the DNA self assemblies sequence such as table 3 of design, X represent azobenzene, and assembling schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 3 (a).
Sequence used in 3 photoresponse three dimensional DNA nanostructure of table
In the present embodiment, the step 3 is specific as follows：Each DNA sequence dna is dissolved in buffer solution, is uniformly mixed, merging
PCR instrument is annealed.Population of samples product is 30 μ l, and a concentration of 0.5uM, buffer solution is 1 × TAE-Mg2+, wherein Mg2+For 12.5mM.
Add a small amount of boiling water in thermal insulation cup, is put into sample and anneals naturally, time 48h.
In the present embodiment, the step 4 is specific as follows：Under liquid-phase condition, it can be observed by atomic force microscope
Three-dimensional tubular structure --- photosensitive DNA nanotubes, as shown in Fig. 3 (b).The mercury lamp for being 120W with power after 365nm optical filters,
The photosensitive DNA nano wires 5min in centrifuge tube is irradiated, then carries out atomic force microscope detection, nanostructure becomes smaller, such as Fig. 3
(c) shown in, think that three-dimensional tubular structure portion disintegrates.The mercury lamp for being 120W with power after 575nm optical filters, irradiate from
Then photosensitive DNA nano wires 5min in heart pipe carries out atomic force microscope detection, it is extensive that most of tubular structure can be observed
Multiple, small part shape changes, as shown in Fig. 3 (d).
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as be without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, it is right according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made by above example, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention, all
Fall into the present invention claims protection domain in.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Using glycidol as raw material the phosphoramidite protection monomer that glycerine connects azobenzene is synthetically prepared using three steps；
Step 2：It protects monomer as raw material using phosphoramidite, azobenzene is inserted by DNA self assembly sequences by DNA synthesizer
In designated position, obtain photosensitive DNA chain；
Step 3：Buffer solution system is added in photosensitive DNA chain together with implementation sequence, then anneals, obtains photoresponse
DNA nanostructure.
2. the method for structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1 tool
Body is as follows：
The first step：Under 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and triethylamine (TEA) catalysis, with 4,4'- dimethoxytrityl chlorine
Methane (DMT-Cl) is reacted with the terminal hydroxy group of (R)-(+)-glycidol, protects terminal hydroxy group；
Second step：Make epoxy ring-opening with optical functional element 4- hydroxyazobenzenes or dimethyl azobenzene, is linked to by ehter bond sweet
Another terminal hydroxy group of oil, and expose the hydroxyl on secondary carbon；
Third walks：With the hydroxyl on phosphorus reagent protection secondary carbon, phosphoramidite esterification product, i.e. azobenzene phosphoramidite are obtained
Protect monomer.
3. the method for structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step 2 tool
Body is as follows：Azobenzene phosphoramidite protection monomer obtained by step 1 is dissolved in dry acetonitrile, by the bottle equipped with photosensitive monomer solution
With common nucleotides dA, dG, dC and dT phosphoramidite monomers input a design on DNA synthesizer, by DNA synthesizer
DNA self assembly sequences synthesized, purified with PAGE after synthetic product ammonolysis.
4. the method for structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2
DNA self assemblies sequence need to be inserted into photosensitive monomer in target unzipping part, and every chain at most can design 1 every 2 conventional bases
Photosensitive base.
5. the method for structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2,
It is inserted into photosensitive base respectively in two chains of hybridization.
6. the method for structure photoresponse DNA nanostructure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3 tool
Body is as follows：Use TAE-Mg2+Buffer solution dissolves photosensitive DNA chain and other DNA sequence dnas, and is mixed according to a certain concentration, then
Mixed solution is annealed by setup program in PCR instrument, or is put into the thermal insulation cup for fill boiling water and anneals naturally, obtains light sound
Answer DNA nanostructure.
7. the method that the structure according to claim 1,4 or 5 can respond DNA nanostructure, which is characterized in that the DNA
Nanostructure is the one-dimensional assembling containing photosensitive base, two dimension assembling or three-dimensional self assembly photosensitive nanostructures；Gained is photosensitive to be received
The part containing photosensitive base can be denaturalized after ultraviolet lighting in rice structure, and heteroduplex unwinding, nanostructure occurs apparent
Variation；Nanostructure after unwinding restores after visible light photograph or part reverts to initial one-dimensional, two-dimentional or three-dimensional self assembly
Photosensitive nanostructures.
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| US6255469B1 (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 2001-07-03 | New York University | Periodic two and three dimensional nucleic acid structures |
| CN101050228A (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2007-10-10 | 上海交通大学 | Method for constructing complicated Nano form by suing DNA molecule |
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