CN108786815A - A kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts and its application in polyetheramine synthesis - Google Patents

A kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts and its application in polyetheramine synthesis Download PDF

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CN108786815A
CN108786815A CN201710300569.3A CN201710300569A CN108786815A CN 108786815 A CN108786815 A CN 108786815A CN 201710300569 A CN201710300569 A CN 201710300569A CN 108786815 A CN108786815 A CN 108786815A
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catalyst
mesoporous carbon
polyether polyol
reaction
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CN108786815B (en
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孙颖
徐杰
杜文强
石松
高进
赵丽
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/74Iron group metals
    • B01J23/755Nickel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B01J23/462Ruthenium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/72Copper
    • B01J35/61
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C213/00Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C213/02Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions involving the formation of amino groups from compounds containing hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/32Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08G65/321Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • C08G65/325Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with inorganic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C08G65/3255Ammonia

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts and its application in polyetheramine synthesis.For the catalyst using CMK-3 types mesoporous carbon as substrate, using infusion process, in its area load Ni, Ru, either Cu is one such or several metals, is used as catalyst after reduction.The catalyst can be the polyether polyol ammonification hydrogenation synthesis polyetheramine of 200-5000 with efficient catalytic number-average molecular weight, and wherein primary amine rate is up to 95% or more.Since the carrier has the characteristic of even mesoporous and higher specific surface, hydrogen, ammonia and polyether polyol in reaction process are preferably mixed in duct, required Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is low, the molecular weight of suitable substrates is wide, catalyst usage amount is low, thermal stability is good, and the service life of catalyst is long.

Description

A kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts and its application in polyetheramine synthesis
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical field, specifically a kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts and its polyetheramine synthesis in Application.
Background technology
Polyetheramine is that a kind of main chain is polyether structure, and end active functional group is the polymer of amido.Because polyetheramine is anti- A series of controllability of performances such as activity, toughness, viscosity and hydrophily is answered, and amido is supplied to polyetheramine and a variety ofization The possibility of object reaction is closed, special molecular structure imparts the excellent comprehensive performance of polyetheramine, current commercialized polyethers Amine includes simple function, difunctionality, trifunctional, a series of products of the molecular weight from 200 to 5000.It is compound in polyureas spraying, large size Material is made and the various fields such as epoxy curing agent are widely applied.The synthetic method of polyetheramine mainly has high pressure Catalytic ammoniation method, leaving group method, amino-butenate method and polyethers nitrile alkylation process etc..Catalytic ammoniation method synthesizing polyether amine Have many advantages, such as that product quality is stablized and more meets environmental requirement, is the main method of industrial production polyetheramine at present.At present Catalytic ammoniation method used in catalyst be largely the catalyst such as skeleton series, such as the disclosed catalysis of patent US3128311 Agent is skeleton nickel, and in 105713191 A of patent CN, catalyst is selected from Raney's nickel, thunder Buddhist nun cobalt, Lei Nitong, raney iron and Lei Ni At least one of nickel cobalt.But skeleton series, at present still there is total amine value is not high, primary amine rate is low.Molecular weight universality is not The problems such as high
Mesoporous carbon is a kind of novel non-silicon-based mesoporous material, has high-specific surface area (up to 2500m2/ g) and hole body Product (up to 2.25cm3/ g), it is expected to very much obtain important application in catalyst carrier, hydrogen storage material, electrode material etc., Therefore paid much attention to by people.Compared with pure mesoporous silicon material, meso-porous carbon material shows special property:There is high ratio Surface area, high porosity;Aperture size is adjustable in a certain range;Mesoporous various shapes, hole wall composition, structure and property can It adjusts;High thermal stability and hydrothermal stability can be obtained by optimum synthesis condition;It synthesizes simple, easy to operate, malicious without physiology Property.CMK-3 type mesoporous carbons are the meso-porous carbon materials prepared as hard template method using SBA-15, with ordered mesoporous pore canals knot Structure, aperture size 3.9nm, specific surface area is in 500-1500m2Within/g range, Kong Rong is between 0.7-1.5cc/g.It is more Orderly meso-hole structure provides internal-response site for reaction, and its longer pore passage structure has preferably fettered reaction bottom The diffusion of object is conducive to carry out more thoroughly reaction, so that product has higher primary amine rate.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts and its application in polyetheramine synthesis.The present invention is with CMK-3 Substrate, in its area load active metal as catalyst.The present invention is reaction using the more orderly mesopore orbit of mesoporous carbon Site has fettered the diffusion of reaction substrate, is conducive to the more thorough of reaction progress, so that product has higher primary amine Rate.
The catalyst is therein in its area load Ni, Ru or Cu using infusion process using CMK-3 types mesoporous carbon as substrate One or several kinds of metals use after reduction as catalyst.
According to catalyst of the present invention, it is characterised in that can prepare in accordance with the following steps:Enter PVP- in flask The aqueous solution of k90, is added one or several kinds of water soluble salts of Ni, Ru or Cu, and stirring is added CMK-3, stirs into dissolving For suspension, it is heated to 30-60 DEG C, preferably 35 DEG C, mixing time 1-12h, preferably 6h.NaBH is added later4, stirring Black solid is obtained by filtration in 10-60min, drying, you can obtain mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts.
According to the present invention, it is characterised in that:The mass fraction of the aqueous solution of the PVP-k90 is 0.5-30%, preferably It is 5%.The quality of the aqueous solution of the PVP-k90 is 5-100 times, preferably 9 times of CMK-3 mass.
Catalyst described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that:The total amount of Ni, Ru or Cu metal is The 0.5-20% of CMK-3.
According to the present invention, it is characterised in that:NaBH is added4Quality is 5-20 times, preferably 10 times of metal quality.
A kind of gold/mesoporous carbon catalyst described in claim 1 answering in being catalyzed polyether polyol catalyzed preparation of poly ether amines With.
According to the present invention, it is characterised in that:The reaction is still reaction.
According to the present invention, it is characterised in that:The number-average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 200-5000.
According to the present invention, it is characterised in that:Reaction temperature is 100-300 DEG C, preferably 220~250 DEG C;Reaction time is 1-12h, preferably 4h;The mesoporous carbon-based catalyst amount be polyether polyol quality 0.1-100%, preferably 0.5 ~2%;The reaction Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is 1-20MPa, preferably 5-8MPa;Polyether polyol and the weight ratio of liquefied ammonia are 1:0.1- 1, preferably 1:0.2-0.5.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Compared with traditional barium hydroxide catalyst, the compound with regular structure of the catalyst, specific surface area is high, and meso-hole structure is advantageous In the mixing of three, required Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is low, and the molecular weight of suitable substrates is wide, and catalyst usage amount is low, and thermal stability is good, The service life of catalyst is long.
Specific implementation mode:
Method provided by the invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, but the invention is not limited in any way.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the TEM electron microscopic pictures of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts A.
Fig. 2 is the nitrogen adsorption desorption curve of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts A.
The preparation of 1 materials A of embodiment
Enter the PVP-k90 aqueous solutions that 200g mass fractions are 10% in flask, 10g Ni (NO are added3)2·6H2O is stirred It mixes to dissolving, 15g CMK-3 powder is added, stirring becomes suspension, is heated to 35 DEG C, stirs 6h.20g is added later NaBH4, 30min is stirred, black solid is obtained by filtration, is dried, you can obtain mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts A.
The preparation of 2 material B of embodiment
Enter the PVP-k90 aqueous solutions that 200g mass fractions are 15% in flask, 5g RuCl are added3·3H2O, stirring is extremely 10g CMK-3 powder is added in dissolving, and stirring becomes suspension, is heated to 40 DEG C, stirs 8h.20g NaBH are added later4, stir 40min is mixed, black solid is obtained by filtration, is dried, you can obtain mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts B.
The preparation of 3 material C of embodiment
Enter the PVP-k90 aqueous solutions that 200g mass fractions are 15% in flask, 5g Cu (NO are added3)2·3H2O, stirring To dissolving, 10g CMK-3 powder is added, stirring becomes suspension, is heated to 30 DEG C, stirs 12h.20g NaBH are added later4, 20min is stirred, black solid is obtained by filtration, is dried, you can obtain mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts C.
The preparation of 4 material D of embodiment
Enter the PVP-k90 aqueous solutions that 200g mass fractions are 5% in flask, 2g Ni (NO are added3)2·6H2O, 3g Cu (NO3)2·3H2O is stirred to dissolving, and 10g CMK-3 powder is added, and stirring becomes suspension, is heated to 40 DEG C, stirs 12h.It 30g NaBH are added afterwards4, 60min is stirred, black solid is obtained by filtration, is dried, you can obtain mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts D.
Embodiment 5:
In Autoclaves for synthesis, the polyether polyol 100g that number-average molecular weight is 230 is added, catalyst A 10g are added, it is close Liquefied ammonia 50g is poured after closing autoclave, starts stirring, is heated to 220 DEG C, it is 8.0MPa to pour hydrogen to pressure, reacts 4h.Reaction After detach liquefied ammonia, obtain product D230, the total amine value of resulting product is 8.7meq/g, and primary amine rate is 99.8%.
Embodiment 6:
In Autoclaves for synthesis, the polyether polyol 100g that number-average molecular weight is 403 is added, catalyst B 10g are added, it is close Liquefied ammonia 100g is poured after closing autoclave, starts stirring, is heated to 260 DEG C, it is 6.5MPa to pour hydrogen to pressure, reacts 8h.Instead Liquefied ammonia is detached after answering, obtains product D403, and the total amine value of resulting product is 6.8meq/g, and primary amine rate is 99.2%.
Embodiment 7:
In Autoclaves for synthesis, the polyether polyol 100g that number-average molecular weight is 2000 is added, catalyst C 5g are added, it is close Liquefied ammonia 60g is poured after closing autoclave, starts stirring, is heated to 220 DEG C, it is 6.0MPa to pour hydrogen to pressure, reacts 8h.Reaction After detach liquefied ammonia, obtain product D2000, the total amine value of resulting product is 1.05meq/g, and primary amine rate is 99.1%.
Embodiment 8:
In Autoclaves for synthesis, the polyether polyol 100g that number-average molecular weight is 5000 is added, catalyst D 10g are added, Liquefied ammonia 30g is poured after enclosed high pressure kettle, starts stirring, is heated to 200 DEG C, and it is 9.0MPa to pour hydrogen to pressure, reacts 12h. Liquefied ammonia is detached after reaction, obtains product D5000, and the total amine value of resulting product is 0.54meq/g, and primary amine rate is 99.8%.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts, it is characterised in that:The catalyst utilizes infusion process using CMK-3 types mesoporous carbon as substrate In its area load Ni, Ru, either Cu is one such or two kinds or more metals, is used as catalyst after reduction.
2. catalyst described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that can prepare in accordance with the following steps:
Enter the aqueous solution of PVP-k90 in a reservoir, Ni, Ru either one kind of Cu or two kinds or more water soluble salt, stirring is added To dissolving, CMK-3 is added, stirring becomes suspension, is heated to 30-60 DEG C, preferably 35 DEG C, mixing time 1-12h, preferably For 6h;NaBH is added later4, 10-60min is stirred, black solid is obtained by filtration, is dried, you can obtain mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts.
3. catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The mass fraction of the aqueous solution of the PVP-k90 is 0.5-30%, preferably 5%;The quality of the aqueous solution of the PVP-k90 is 5-100 times, preferably 9 times of CMK-3 mass.
4. catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The total amount of Ni, Ru or Cu metal is CMK-3 0.5-20%.
5. catalyst according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:NaBH is added4Quality is 5-20 times of metal quality, Preferably 10 times.
6. a kind of application of mesoporous carbon-supported catalysts described in claim 1 in catalysis polyether polyol prepares polyetheramine.
7. applying according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The reaction is still reaction.
8. applying according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The polyether polyol is by ethylene oxide, propylene oxide Or admixtured polyether polyalcohol made from the aggregated reaction of one or two or more kinds in the raw materials such as epoxy butane;Divide equally suitable for number Polyether polyol of the son amount in 200-5000.
9. applying according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Reaction temperature be 100-300 DEG C, preferably 220~250 ℃;Reaction time is 1-12h, preferably 4h;The mesoporous carbon-based catalyst amount is the 0.1- of polyether polyol quality 100%, preferably 0.5~2%;The reaction Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is 1-20MPa, preferably 5-8MPa;Polyether polyol and liquefied ammonia Weight ratio be 1:0.1-1, preferably 1:0.2-0.5.
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