CN108775978A - A kind of static prestressed monitoring apparatus and method based on PZT - Google Patents
A kind of static prestressed monitoring apparatus and method based on PZT Download PDFInfo
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- CN108775978A CN108775978A CN201810488696.5A CN201810488696A CN108775978A CN 108775978 A CN108775978 A CN 108775978A CN 201810488696 A CN201810488696 A CN 201810488696A CN 108775978 A CN108775978 A CN 108775978A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of static prestressed monitoring device and method based on PZT, described device includes upper computer module and slave computer module, the voltage signal that the method acquires PZT intelligence washer equivalent circuits by slave computer module is transmitted to host computer progress data analysis, realize static prestressed monitoring, cycle of oscillation using signal and static prestressed correspondence calculated prestressing force, the monitoring method provides reliable methods and techniques for static prestressed measurement, and only need the excitation of single signal and signal acquisition, it enormously simplifies measurement procedure and reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to structure static state prestressed monitoring technical field, more particularly to a kind of static prestressing force based on PZT
Monitoring device and method.
Background technology
In recent years, it is always (the elastic monitoring of such as bolt, anchor rod anchored state in monitoring structural health conditions that static prestressing force, which measures,
Monitoring etc.) hot issue.Static prestressed measurement and monitoring are mainly carried out using waveguide method and impedance method at present.Two kinds of sides
Method is problematic in that in technology realization：It is receiving and delivery bay that waveguide method at least needs two intelligent aggregates, measurement result in the measurements
Between prestressing force and stress wave transmission medium wave impedance comprehensive response, can not determine it is by which kind of factor shadow in Practical Project
It rings；Impedance method is more demanding to measuring apparatus, and measuring apparatus is needed to have the output of wide band swept-frequency signal and high-precision letter
Number ability in sampling, the relationship between structural mechanical impedance and PZT admittance is nonlinear in addition, and the selection for analyzing frequency band is often compared
It is more difficult.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of static prestressed monitoring device and method based on PZT, leads to
The installation PZT intelligence washers in measurand are crossed, is encouraged using PZT and receives signal and realize static prestressed monitoring, utilized
The concussion period of signal calculates static prestressing force with static prestressed correspondence.
To achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a kind of static prestressed monitoring device based on PZT, and described device includes
Upper computer module 1 and slave computer module 2；
The upper computer module 1 includes that control terminal setting module 11, data communication module 12 and data store processing module
13, the control terminal setting module 11 is for being arranged control terminal parameter, and the data communication module 12 is for realizing host computer mould
The data exchange of block 1 and slave computer module 2, the data storage processing module 13 is for storing handle data communication module 12
The data of reception；
The pulse that the slave computer module 2 includes PZT intelligence washer 21, is connected with 21 power end of PZT intelligence washer
Signal excitation module 22, the acquisition module 23 being connected with 21 signal end of PZT intelligence washer are believed with the acquisition module 23
Number connected USB transmission module 24 in end；
The data communication module 12 of the upper computer module 1 is connected with the USB transmission module 24 of slave computer module 2.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the PZT intelligence washer 21 by two flat metal rings 211 and clamps in metal annular groove
Piezoceramic transducer PZT212 composition.
The static prestressed monitoring method based on PZT that invention additionally discloses a kind of, the described method comprises the following steps：
In S1, upper computer module 1 after control terminal setting module 11 sender's pulse signal to PZT intelligence washer 21, then by
Acquisition module 23 acquires the voltage signal at 21 both ends of PZT intelligence washer, and data communication module is sent back to by USB transmission module 24
12, data storage is finally carried out by data storage processing module 13 and processing is analyzed；
S2, the voltage signal that PZT intelligence washer 21 under different pre-stressed states is acquired by acquisition module 23, and pass through number
Data storage is carried out according to storage processing module 13 and processing analysis calculates cycle of oscillation, and it is fast to establish signal decaying respectively by calibration
Slow and cycle of oscillation and static prestressing force relationship；
S3, step S1 is repeated, acquires the decaying speed ginseng of the voltage signal of PZT intelligence washer 21 under unknown pre-stressed state
Number realizes static prestressed dynamic monitoring using step S2's as a result, static prestressing force is calculated.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the square pulse signal that the excitation width that upper computer module 1 is sent out in step S1 is 4 μ s,
The square pulse signal can be adjusted according to different detection objects.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step S2, the voltage signal u of intelligent washer 21c(t) it is：Wherein, PZT intelligence washer is equivalent to rlc circuit, by a resistance R
With a capacitance C series connection, UsFor unit step input signal,Amplitude Use-αtIt is to make exponential damping at any time, α is known as attenuation coefficient, and α is bigger, and decaying is faster；α is smaller, and decay slower, ωdIt is decaying
The angular frequency of oscillation, ωdBigger, cycle of oscillation is smaller, ωdSmaller, cycle of oscillation is bigger, within the scope of certain driving frequency, with
It the static pressure that PZT is born to increase, equivalent resistance R and equivalent capacity C reduce, then ωdIt is linearly increasing, owing resistance
Under the effect of Buddhist nun's excitation chain, it can be held on quantitative measurment PZT by the decaying speed or cycle of oscillation of signal on analysis PZT
The pressure received.
A kind of static prestressed monitoring device and method based on PZT of the present invention, has the advantages that：First, and wave
Dynamic method is compared, and the present invention only needs an intelligent washer that static prestressed monitoring can be realized, and reduces connecting line and reduction
The cost of static prestressed monitoring.The monitoring method is based on equivalent circuit thought and realizes static prestressed dynamic monitoring and survey
Amount provides reliable methods and techniques for static prestressed measurement；Second is that compared with impedance method, the present invention only needs single
Signal encourages and signal acquisition, enormously simplifies measurement procedure and reduces cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of static prestressed monitoring installation drawing based on PZT of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is PZT intelligence washer structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the equivalent rlc circuit illustraton of model of PZT intelligence washer of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the elastic lab diagram of bolt of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the elastic voltage oscillogram of bolt of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of static prestressed monitoring method flow diagram based on PZT of the present invention.
Description of the drawings：1- upper computer modules, 11- control terminal setting modules, 12- data communication modules, 13- data stores
Manage module, 2- slave computer modules, 21-PZT intelligence washers, 22- pulse signals excitation module, 23- acquisition modules, 24-USB biographies
Defeated module, 211- flat metal rings, 212- piezoceramic transducers PZT.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the present invention provides a kind of static state based on PZT
Prestressed monitoring device, as shown in Figure 1, described device includes upper computer module 1 and slave computer module 2；
The upper computer module 1 includes that control terminal setting module 11, data communication module 12 and data store processing module
13, the control terminal setting module 11 is for being arranged control terminal parameter, and the data communication module 12 is for realizing host computer mould
The data exchange of block 1 and slave computer module 2, the data storage processing module 13 is for storing handle data communication module 12
The data of reception；
Wherein, control terminal setting module 11, main setup parameter are excitation signal pulse width, the sampling of acquisition module 23
Frequency and sampling length, the data storage processing module 13 to the data of reception store and real-time waveform shows convenient for straight
Analysis data are seen, data analysis is FFT to signal first, extracts basic frequency of signal, then data are preserved, can pass through host computer number
Wave data reproduction is carried out according to playback function.
The pulse that the slave computer module 2 includes PZT intelligence washer 21, is connected with 21 power end of PZT intelligence washer
Signal excitation module 22, the acquisition module 23 being connected with 21 signal end of PZT intelligence washer are believed with the acquisition module 23
Number connected USB transmission module 24 in end；
The data communication module 12 of the upper computer module 1 is connected with the USB transmission module 24 of slave computer module 2.
Wherein, the PZT intelligence washer 21 by two flat metal rings 211 and clamps the piezoelectric ceramics biography in metal annular groove
Sensor PZT212 compositions.
It is most widely used specifically, piezoceramic transducer (PZT) has become in structural healthy monitoring system research
A kind of intelligence sensor, effect be realized in building structure and mechanical engineering structural damage detection electric energy and mechanical energy it
Between mutual conversion.Piezoelectric effect is the distinctive attribute of piezoelectric material, and the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric material is certain useless
Apply pressure on the crystal of symmetrical centre, crystal medium is caused to polarize, positive and negative charge occur in crystal both ends；Inverse piezoelectric effect be
Crystal both ends apply electric field, and crystal is caused to deform.It therefore can be using direct piezoelectric effect using piezoelectric material as sensor
The deformation of perceptual structure object, using inverse piezoelectric effect using piezoelectric material as the deformation of driver control structural objects.Piezoelectricity
Material can not only make transmitting transducer but also can do reception energy converter.
As shown in Fig. 2, two flat metal rings of processing, slot on a becket, wherein by piezoceramic transducer
(PZT) in embedded metal annular groove, another becket of overlying ensures that PZT is not destroyed by external force, and two beckets combine to form PZT
Intelligent washer.
For PZT under the action of static pressure, PZT intelligence washer can be equivalent to RLC circuit models, be carried out using transformer
The PZT excitation equivalent circuits of power amplification can regard a Second-Order RLC Filter Circuit equivalent circuit as, and wherein transformer secondary output inductance is L1,
PZT can regard the series connection of a resistance R and a capacitance C as, and as shown in Fig. 3, equivalent resistance R and equivalent capacity C are sent out
Raw regular variation, in centainly excitation interval range, equivalent resistance R reduces with the increase of static pressure, equivalent capacity C
Decline with the increase of static pressure.Based on this, under the conditions of underdamping exciting, using PZT as a member in rlc circuit
Part, the signal at the both ends record PZT are realized by real-time signal Analysis decaying speed or cycle of oscillation to static prestressed prison
It surveys.
Voltage signal is：
Wherein, uc(t) it is voltage signal, UsFor unit step input signal,
Amplitude Use-αtIt is to make exponential damping at any time, α is known as attenuation coefficient, and α is bigger, and decaying is faster；α is smaller, and decaying is slower；ωd
It is the angular frequency of damped oscillation, ωdBigger, the concussion period is smaller, ωdSmaller, cycle of oscillation is bigger.In certain driving frequency model
In enclosing, as the static pressure that PZT is born increases, equivalent resistance R and equivalent capacity C reduce, then ωdIt is linearly increasing.
Therefore, it under the effect of underdamping excitation chain, can be quantified by the decaying speed or cycle of oscillation of signal on analysis PZT
Measure the pressure born on PZT.
It is further illustrated by embodiment below, in order to verify the reliable of prestressed monitoring of the invention static and measurement
Property, it devises an elastic experiment of bolt and is verified.
It is illustrated in figure 4 the Installation Example of the elastic experiment of bolt, intelligent washer is placed between bolt and steel plate, passes through rotation
The different static pre-stressed states of bolt tightness characterization, pumping signal is the unipolarity square wave that amplitude is 48V, width is 4 μ s
Pulse.Fig. 5 is to measure the prestressed PZT intelligence washer sensing voltage waveform of bolt using the present invention, and 6 times waveform corresponds to respectively：
20NM,40NM,60NM,80NM,100NM.Statistical signal cycle of oscillation is respectively：0.716us,0.706us,0.7 04us,
0.698us, 0.694,0.684us, and signal decaying slows down successively with the increase of torque, and details are shown in vertical line position.
The static prestressed monitoring method based on PZT that invention additionally discloses a kind of, the described method comprises the following steps, such as scheme
Shown in 6：
In S1, upper computer module 1 after control terminal setting module 11 sender's pulse signal to PZT intelligence washer 21, then by
Acquisition module 23 acquires the voltage signal at 21 both ends of intelligent washer, and data communication module is sent back to by USB transmission module 24
12, data storage is finally carried out by data storage processing module 13 and processing is analyzed；
S2, the voltage signal that PZT intelligence washer 21 under different pre-stressed states is acquired by acquisition module 23, and pass through number
Data storage is carried out according to storage processing module 13 and processing analysis calculates cycle of oscillation, and it is fast to establish signal decaying respectively by calibration
Slow and cycle of oscillation and static prestressing force relationship；
S3, step S1 is repeated, acquires the decaying speed ginseng of the voltage signal of PZT intelligence washer 21 under unknown pre-stressed state
Number realizes static prestressed dynamic monitoring using step S2's as a result, static prestressing force is calculated.
Wherein, the square pulse signal that the excitation width that upper computer module 1 is sent out in step S1 is 4 μ s, the square pulse letter
It number can be adjusted according to different detection objects.
Wherein, in step S2, the voltage signal u of intelligent washer 21c(t) it is：
Wherein, PZT intelligence washer is equivalent to rlc circuit, by a resistance R and a capacitance C series connection, UsBelieve for unit Stepped Impedance Resonators
Number,Amplitude Use-αtIt is to make exponential damping at any time, α is known as attenuation coefficient, and α is bigger,
Decaying is faster；α is smaller, and decay slower, ωdIt is the angular frequency of damped oscillation, ωdBigger, cycle of oscillation is smaller, ωdIt is smaller, it shakes
It is bigger to swing the period, within the scope of certain driving frequency, as the static pressure that PZT is born increases, and equivalent resistance R and equivalent
Capacitance C reduces, then ωdIt is linearly increasing, under the effect of underdamping excitation chain, the decaying of signal on analysis PZT can be passed through
Speed or cycle of oscillation carry out the pressure born on quantitative measurment PZT.
The part not illustrated in specification is the prior art or common knowledge.Present embodiment is merely to illustrate the hair
It is bright, rather than limit the scope of the invention, the modifications such as equivalent replacement that those skilled in the art make the present invention are recognized
To be fallen into invention claims institute protection domain.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of static prestressed monitoring device based on PZT, which is characterized in that described device include upper computer module (1) and
Slave computer module (2)；
The upper computer module (1) includes control terminal setting module (11), data communication module (12) and data storage processing mould
Block (13), the control terminal setting module (11) for being arranged control terminal parameter, the data communication module (12) for realizing
The data exchange of upper computer module (1) and slave computer module (2), the data storage processing module (13) is for storing processing number
The data received according to communication module (12)；
The arteries and veins that the slave computer module (2) includes PZT intelligence washer (21), is connected with PZT intelligence washer (21) power end
Rush the acquisition module (23) and the acquisition mould that signal encourages module (22), is connected with PZT intelligence washer (21) signal end
The connected USB transmission module (24) of block (23) signal end；
The data communication module (12) of the upper computer module (1) is connected with the USB transmission module (24) of slave computer module (2).
2. a kind of static prestressed monitoring device based on PZT according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PZT intelligence
Washer (21) is made of the piezoceramic transducer PZT (212) of two flat metal rings (211) and pincers in metal annular groove.
3. a kind of static prestressed monitoring method based on PZT, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps：
In S1, upper computer module (1) after control terminal setting module (11) sender's pulse signal to PZT intelligence washer (21), then
The voltage signal that PZT intelligence washer (21) both ends are acquired by acquisition module (23), data are sent back to by USB transmission module (24)
Communication module (12) finally carries out data storage by data storage processing module (13) and processing is analyzed；
S2, the voltage signal that PZT intelligence washer (21) under different pre-stressed states is acquired by acquisition module (23), and pass through number
Data storage is carried out according to storage processing module (13) and processing analysis calculates cycle of oscillation, and signal decaying is established by calibration respectively
Speed and cycle of oscillation and static prestressing force relationship；
S3, step S1 is repeated, acquires the decaying speed ginseng of the voltage signal of PZT intelligence washer (21) under unknown pre-stressed state
Number realizes static prestressed dynamic monitoring using step S2's as a result, static prestressing force is calculated.
4. a kind of static prestressed monitoring method based on PZT according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step S1
The square pulse signal that the excitation width that position machine module (1) is sent out is 4 μ s, the square pulse signal can be according to different detection object tune
It is whole.
5. a kind of static prestressed monitoring method based on PZT according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step S2,
The voltage signal u of PZT intelligence washer (21)c(t) it is：Wherein, PZT
Intelligent washer is equivalent to rlc circuit, by a resistance R and a capacitance C series connection, UsFor unit step input signal,Amplitude Use-αtIt is to make exponential damping at any time, α is known as attenuation coefficient, and α is got over
Greatly, decay faster；α is smaller, and decay slower, ωdIt is the angular frequency of damped oscillation, ωdBigger, cycle of oscillation is smaller, ωdIt is smaller,
Cycle of oscillation is bigger, and within the scope of certain driving frequency, the static pressure born with PZT increases, and equivalent resistance R and waits
Effect capacitance C reduces, then ωdIt is linearly increasing, under the effect of underdamping excitation chain, it can be declined by analyzing signal on PZT
Subtract speed or cycle of oscillation carrys out the pressure born on quantitative measurment PZT.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110375900A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-10-25 | 长江大学 | A kind of method and system using ultrasonic coda wave energy quantitative assessment bolt-connection state |
| CN111579355A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-25 | 湖北震泰建设工程质量检测有限责任公司 | Concrete cast-in-place pile static load test unbalance loading monitoring method based on piezoelectric impedance frequency shift |
| CN112850492A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-28 | 华南理工大学 | Monitoring control system for luffing halter anti-drop bolt of movable arm tower crane |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110375900A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-10-25 | 长江大学 | A kind of method and system using ultrasonic coda wave energy quantitative assessment bolt-connection state |
| CN111579355A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-25 | 湖北震泰建设工程质量检测有限责任公司 | Concrete cast-in-place pile static load test unbalance loading monitoring method based on piezoelectric impedance frequency shift |
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| CN112850492A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-28 | 华南理工大学 | Monitoring control system for luffing halter anti-drop bolt of movable arm tower crane |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108775978B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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