CN108775718B - Design method of linear Fresnel reflector with maximum condensing ratio of biaxial tracker - Google Patents

Design method of linear Fresnel reflector with maximum condensing ratio of biaxial tracker Download PDF

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CN108775718B
CN108775718B CN201810251634.2A CN201810251634A CN108775718B CN 108775718 B CN108775718 B CN 108775718B CN 201810251634 A CN201810251634 A CN 201810251634A CN 108775718 B CN108775718 B CN 108775718B
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linear fresnel
fresnel reflector
heat collector
central axis
horizontal distance
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CN108775718A (en
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童超
白建波
李俊阳
姚命宏
曹飞
刘升
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Changzhou Campus of Hohai University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract

The invention relates to a design method of a linear Fresnel reflector with a maximum light concentration ratio of a biaxial tracker, which is carried out according to the following steps: determining the horizontal distance between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector; obtaining the corresponding relation between the included angle between the lens and the mirror field plane and the included angle between the connecting line between the center of the heat collector and the center of the lens and the mirror field plane according to the law of reflection; solving the width of the linear Fresnel reflector according to a triangular sine theorem; and determining the horizontal distance between the second linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector according to the horizontal distance between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis, and so on. According to the invention, the position parameters, the width and the inclination angle of each linear Fresnel reflector in the mirror field are accurately calculated, so that the maximum light concentration ratio is realized by utilizing the mirror field space to the maximum extent, the sunlight in a limited space is utilized to the maximum extent, and the heat collection performance is improved.

Description

Design method of linear Fresnel reflector with maximum condensing ratio of biaxial tracker
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a linear Fresnel reflector with a maximum light concentration ratio of a biaxial tracker, belonging to the field of geometric optics.
Background
Energy is the prime mover of human society development and the foundation on which human beings live. Due to the shortage of energy, the development of new energy and new energy technology become problems and challenges that all countries around the world must face to seek a sustainable development way.
Solar energy is a renewable clean energy source with huge energy, and all countries in the world pay attention to the research and development of solar energy utilization technology. The solar energy utilization technology is characterized in that a solar heat collector is adopted to collect, convert and store solar radiation energy for users to use, the conversion modes mainly comprise solar photoelectric conversion and solar photothermal conversion, and further comprise solar photochemical conversion and solar lighting, but the main utilization mode is solar photothermal utilization. A solar heat collector is a device for converting solar energy into working medium energy. The linear Fresnel reflection type heat collector is one of linear heat collectors, and compared with a commercially utilized trough type heat collector, the linear Fresnel reflector has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, high field utilization rate, low wind load of a reflector, simple control system and the like. One technical difficulty with linear fresnel reflectors, however, is that adjacent lenses present shading and shadowing problems, thereby limiting the commercial use of linear fresnel reflectors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a method for solving the maximum condensation ratio based on linear Fresnel reflectors on a biaxial tracker, and the width, the inclination angle and the distance between adjacent lenses of each linear Fresnel reflector in a mirror field are reasonably calculated on the premise of not blocking reflected light rays, so that the maximum condensation in a limited space is realized.
The design method of the linear Fresnel reflector with the maximum condensing ratio of the biaxial tracker comprises the following steps of:
1) determining the horizontal distance Q between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector1And the tilt angle α of the first linear Fresnel mirror1Wherein the inclination angle is an included angle between a lens of the linear Fresnel reflector and a lens field plane;
2) determining α the tilt angle of the nth linear Fresnel mirror according to the law of reflectionnAn angle β between the line connecting the center of the collector and the center of the lens and the plane of the mirror fieldnThe corresponding relationship of (a);
3) obtaining the width L of the nth linear Fresnel reflector according to the triangular sine theoremn；
4) Determining the horizontal distance Q between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector according to the step 1)1And the tilt angle α of the first linear Fresnel mirror1And calculating the horizontal distance Q between the second linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector by combining the steps 2) and 3)2Width L of the second linear Fresnel reflector2And angle of inclination α2And so on, the horizontal distance Q between the nth linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collectornWidth LnAnd angle of inclination αnThe horizontal distance Q between the (n-1) th linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collectorn-1And the tilt angle α of the (n-1) th linear Fresnel mirrorn-1And (4) determining.
Preferably, in step 2), the sunlight is perpendicularly incident to the mirror field, and the inclination angle α of the nth linear Fresnel mirrornAn included angle β between the line connecting the center of the heat collector and the center of the lens and the plane of the lens fieldnThe corresponding relationship of (a) is shown in formula (1):
Figure BDA0001607928020000021
preferably, the width L of the nth linear fresnel reflector is calculated according to the triangular sine theorem in step 3)nAs shown in equation (2):
Figure BDA0001607928020000022
namely, it is
Figure BDA0001607928020000023
Wherein L is0Is one half of the width of the biaxial tracker, and n is more than or equal to 1.
Preferably, the horizontal distance between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector in the step 4) is set to be Q1Setting the horizontal distance between the second linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector as Q2In this way, the horizontal distance between the n-1 th linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector is set to be Qn-1Setting the horizontal distance between the nth linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector as QnOn the premise that the lens width of the nth linear Fresnel reflector does not block the reflected light of the (n-1) th linear Fresnel reflector, the lens parameters of the linear Fresnel reflector calculated according to the following formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) maximize the condensing ratio, and the formulas (3) and (4) are as follows:
Figure BDA0001607928020000031
wherein n is greater than 1;
Figure BDA0001607928020000032
wherein H is the vertical distance between the heat collector and the mirror field plane.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a design method of a linear Fresnel reflector with a maximum light concentration ratio of a biaxial tracker, which realizes the maximum light concentration ratio by utilizing a mirror field space to the maximum extent, enables sunlight in a limited space to be utilized to the maximum, improves the heat collection performance, has simple lens design, proper price and easy control of a device, and is beneficial to promoting the development of a linear Fresnel collector.
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FIG. 1 is a design explanatory diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The linear Fresnel reflector device with the maximum condensing ratio of the biaxial tracker comprises a support, angle steel, a clamping piece and a linear Fresnel reflector, wherein as shown in figure 1, the design method of the linear Fresnel reflector comprises the following steps:
1) determining the horizontal distance Q between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector1And the tilt angle α of the first linear Fresnel mirror1Wherein the inclination angle is an included angle between a lens of the linear Fresnel reflector and a lens field plane;
2) determining α the tilt angle of the nth linear Fresnel mirror according to the law of reflectionnAngle β between the line connecting the center of the collector to the center of the lens and the plane of the lens fieldnThe corresponding relationship of (a) is shown in formula (1):
Figure BDA0001607928020000041
wherein n is more than or equal to 1;
3) obtaining the width L of the nth linear Fresnel reflector according to the triangular sine theoremnAs shown in equation (2):
Figure BDA0001607928020000042
namely, it is
Figure BDA0001607928020000043
Wherein L is0Is one half of the width of the biaxial tracker, and n is more than or equal to 1;
4) the horizontal distance between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector is set to be Q1Setting the horizontal distance between the second linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector as Q2In the process that the second lens moves leftwards from the position of the first lens at the beginning, the width of the second lens is calculated from the original reflected light ray shielding the tail end of the first lens to the reflected light ray not shielding the tail end of the first lens, and on the premise of not considering shielding, the special position that the width of the second lens does not shield the tail end reflected light ray of the first lens is selected for calculation to obtain the second lens
Figure BDA0001607928020000051
And can be obtained according to the formula (2),
Figure BDA0001607928020000052
the two formulas of formula (5) and (6) are equal to obtain
Figure BDA0001607928020000053
By analogy, the horizontal distance between the (n-1) th linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector is set as Qn-1Setting the horizontal distance between the nth linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector as QnOn the premise that the width of the lens of the nth linear Fresnel reflector does not shield the reflection light of the (n-1) th linear Fresnel reflector, the following formula is satisfied:
Figure BDA0001607928020000054
and is
Figure BDA0001607928020000055
Wherein H is the vertical distance between the heat collector and the mirror field plane, and the inclination angle α and the distance Q of the lens of each linear Fresnel reflector can be calculated in turn according to the formula (1) and the formula (3).
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (3)

1. The design method of the linear Fresnel reflector with the maximum condensing ratio of the biaxial tracker is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) determining the horizontal distance Q between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector1And the tilt angle α of the first linear Fresnel mirror1Wherein the inclination angle is an included angle between a lens of the linear Fresnel reflector and a lens field plane;
2) determining α the tilt angle of the nth linear Fresnel mirror according to the law of reflectionnAn angle β between the line connecting the center of the collector and the center of the lens and the plane of the mirror fieldnThe corresponding relationship of (a);
3) obtaining the width L of the nth linear Fresnel reflector according to the triangular sine theoremn；
Calculating the width L of the nth linear Fresnel reflector according to the triangular sine theorem in the step 3)nAs shown in equation (2):
Figure FDA0002293136360000011
namely, it is
Figure FDA0002293136360000012
Wherein L is0Is one half of the width of the biaxial tracker, and n is more than or equal to 1;
4) determining the horizontal distance Q between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector according to the step 1)1And the tilt angle α of the first linear Fresnel mirror1And calculating the horizontal distance Q between the second linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector by combining the steps 2) and 3)2Width L of the second linear Fresnel reflector2And angle of inclination α2And so on, the horizontal distance Q between the nth linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collectornWidth LnAnd angle of inclination αnThe horizontal distance Q between the (n-1) th linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collectorn-1And the tilt angle α of the (n-1) th linear Fresnel mirrorn-1And (4) determining.
2. The design method for the maximum concentration ratio linear Fresnel reflector of the biaxial tracker according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), sunlight is perpendicularly incident on the reflector field, and the inclination angle α of the nth linear Fresnel reflectornAn included angle β between the line connecting the center of the heat collector and the center of the lens and the plane of the lens fieldnThe corresponding relationship of (a) is shown in formula (1):
Figure FDA0002293136360000021
3. the design method of the linear Fresnel reflector with the maximum concentration ratio of the biaxial tracker according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal distance between the first linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector in the step 4) is set to be Q1Setting the horizontal distance between the second linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector as Q2In this way, the horizontal distance between the n-1 th linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector is set to be Qn-1Setting the horizontal distance between the nth linear Fresnel reflector and the central axis of the heat collector as QnOn the premise that the lens width of the nth linear Fresnel reflector does not block the reflected light of the (n-1) th linear Fresnel reflector, the lens parameters of the linear Fresnel reflector calculated according to the formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) maximize the condensing ratio, and the formulas (3) and (4) are as follows:
Figure FDA0002293136360000022
wherein n is greater than 1;
Figure FDA0002293136360000023
wherein H is the vertical distance between the heat collector and the mirror field plane.
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