CN108770603B

CN108770603B - Positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture method

Info

Publication number: CN108770603B
Application number: CN201810361971.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄效光
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-04-20
Filing date: 2018-04-20
Publication date: 2022-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-20
Also published as: CN108770603A

Abstract

The invention provides a novel plant planting method, which comprises the following steps: the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture method includes connecting the thin and soft pipe ends of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe to the water supply device, inserting the hard and thick pipe ends of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe into soil, planting plant near the hard and thick pipe ends of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, extruding partial soil into the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe to prevent water from flowing away fast, collecting one water layer inside the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, growing partial soil roots into the water inside the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe and generating water roots in the water, so that partial roots of plant grow in the soil and partial roots grow in the water.

Description

Positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-hydroponic planting method, belonging to the technical field of new planting methods.

Background

At present, the planting modes of plants in China are divided into soil cultivation and water cultivation, the plants are difficult to fix by a water cultivation method, the technical requirement is high, the water utilization rate is low by the soil cultivation method, and the yield is low.

Disclosure of Invention

Aims to overcome the defects that the plants are difficult to fix and the technical requirement is high in the existing plant planting method by using a water culture planting method, and the water utilization rate and the yield are low in a soil culture planting method. The invention provides a novel plant planting method, which comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that the end of a thin hose of a positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is connected with a water supply device, the opening of the end of a hard and thick pipe of the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is downwards and vertically inserted into soil, plants are planted in the soil beside the end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, a part of the soil is squeezed into the front end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, water in the thin hose of the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe drops one drop by one drop into the soil at the front end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, and the dropped water can be gathered into a water layer on the soil at the front end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe. Due to the action of the capillary suction of the soil, the water in the water layer can penetrate through the soil at the front end of the hard thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe and penetrate into the soil near the roots of the plants, the plants can be continuously irrigated at an extremely low flow rate, part of soil roots of the plants can automatically grow into the water in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, and the water in the water layer can be deeper and becomes a deep water layer along with the growth of the roots of the plants in the water layer. After the roots of the plants grow into the water layer in the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, the roots can easily grow out of the water in the water, one part of the roots of the plants grow in the soil, and the other part of the roots grow in the water, so that the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture planting method is realized.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: one end of a thin hose of each positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is connected with a water supply device, the tail end of the thin hose of each positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is supported by a support, the support extends out of the highest point of the thin hose, and the highest points of the thin hoses are at the same horizontal height. The end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is vertically inserted to the position near the root of the plant, water in the fine and thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is dripped into the hard and thick pipe one drop at the highest position of the fine and thin hose in a drip irrigation mode to irrigate the soil-borne root of the plant, the root of the plant has the characteristic of water growth, the root of the plant can grow into the water in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, and thus, one part of the root of the plant is the soil-borne root and the other part of the root of the plant is the water root.

The main components of the invention are a water supply device and a positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe.

The positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is a pipe with openings at two ends, one end of the pipe is a thin hose, the other end of the pipe is a hard thick pipe, the thin hose is a section of slender hose connected with the hard thick pipe, the hard thick pipe is shorter, the hard thick pipe is very similar to a bottle without a bottle cap in shape, the front end of the hard thick pipe is thinner, the rear end of the hard thick pipe is thicker, and the bottom of the hard thick pipe is connected with the thin hose. The size of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is not strictly limited, and the reference size of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is as follows: the inner diameter of the thin hose is about 13 mm, the wall thickness is 1 mm, the inner diameter of the front end of the hard thick pipe is about 5 cm, the inner diameter of the rear end of the hard thick pipe is about 18 cm, the wall thickness is 1.5 mm, the length of the front end of the hard thick pipe is about 6 cm, the length of the rear end of the hard thick pipe is about 15 cm, and the length of the thin hose is determined according to actual conditions. The use method of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe comprises the following steps: one end of a thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is directly connected to a water outlet of the water supply device, and the front end of a hard and thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is vertically inserted into soil downwards. After the water-retaining pipe is inserted, some soil is squeezed into the front end of the hard thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, when drip irrigation is started, drip irrigation is carried out at positive pressure, a layer of water is gathered on the soil at the front end of the hard thick pipe, and the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe has the functions of water permeability and air impermeability. After a period of time, the position of the water outlet hose is lowered, the water level in the thin high barrel is slowly lowered, the water level in the thin high barrel is always lowered to the water outlet of the water outlet hose, the water level is always maintained at the water level to continuously supply water to each positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water pipe, and the water level is lower than the highest point of the thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water pipe. Therefore, water in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe can continuously seep and irrigate to soil outside the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe in a negative pressure state. In addition, the roots of the plants have the characteristic of growing towards water, the roots of the plants can penetrate through the soil in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes to grow into the water in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes, the water layer in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes is shallow at the beginning, and the water layer in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes can be deeper and deeper along with the growth of the roots of the plants in the water in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes. The roots of the plants can well grow in the water layer in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, so that one part of the plants is the soil roots and the other part of the plants is the water roots. The soil roots can absorb moisture, nutrients and oxygen in the soil, and also can play a role in fixing plants without lodging, and the water roots can absorb a large amount of moisture. The roots of the pure soil-cultured plants are difficult to absorb water, the pure water-cultured plants are difficult to fix, and the roots of the plants are difficult to absorb oxygen. The water supply device comprises a water tank, a water outlet hose, a thin high barrel and a water delivery pipe.

The use of the water supply device: 1. and (5) tidying and flattening the field. 2. The water tank is placed beside the thin high barrel and is supported, so that the bottom of the water tank is higher than the top of the thin high barrel. The top of the water tank is provided with a water inlet, a sealing cover is arranged on the water inlet, the lower part of the water tank is provided with a water outlet with a valve, the water outlet of the water tank is connected with a thick water outlet hose, and the water outlet hose is placed in the thin high barrel. 3. The water outlet of the thin high barrel is connected with a water delivery pipe. 4. The thin hoses of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes are connected to the water pipe, the tail ends of the thin hoses of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes are supported by a support, the support extends out of the highest point of one thin hose, and the highest points of the thin hoses are at the same horizontal height. 5. The hard thick pipe end of each positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is inserted into soil beside a plant to be irrigated, and when the front end of the hard thick pipe is inserted into the soil, some soil is squeezed into the front end of the hard thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe. After the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is inserted, the hard thick pipe is covered by soil, and light cannot enter the hard thick pipe (if the hard thick pipe is black and light-tight, the hard thick pipe can not be covered by soil). 6. After the sealing covers on the water inlet of the water tank are made, the valve on the water outlet of the lower part of the water tank is closed, water is filled into the water tank, after the water tank is filled with water, the sealing covers are closed, then the valve on the water outlet of the lower part of the water tank is opened, meanwhile, the water filled into the water tank flows into the thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water cultivation pipe through the water outlet hose, the thin high barrel and the water delivery pipe, the hard thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water cultivation pipe is slowly dripped into the top of the thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water cultivation pipe one drop by one drop, a thin layer of water is formed on the soil in the hard thick pipe, and the water in the hard thick pipe can slowly infiltrate into the soil beside the plants, so that the plants can be watered. The position of the pipe orifice of the water outlet hose in the thin high barrel is raised or lowered, so that the height of the water level in the thin high barrel can be changed, when the water level in the thin high barrel is higher than the highest point of the thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, positive pressure drip irrigation soil is formed, and when the water level in the thin high barrel is lower than the highest point of the thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, negative pressure drip irrigation soil is formed. The characteristic that the roots of the plants grow towards water along with the growth of the plants is that the roots of the plants can penetrate through the soil in the hard thick pipe and grow upwards into the water layer in the hard thick pipe for about 2 weeks, and the water layer in the hard thick pipe can be gradually deepened along with the increase of the roots of the plants growing in the shallow water layer in the hard thick pipe, so that the roots of the plants can well grow in the water (or nutrient solution) in the hard thick pipe. This allows the roots of the plants to grow partly in the soil and partly in the water. The advantages of this are: the soil rooting of the plant can fix the plant without lodging, and can absorb moisture, nutrients and oxygen in the soil, and the water rooting in the water in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe can absorb a large amount of moisture and nutrients.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture planting method of field plants, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe structure, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a plane surface of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe inserted into soil.

1. The water tank comprises a water tank body, 2, a sealing cover on a water inlet of the water tank body, 3, a water inlet of the water tank body, 4, water in the water tank body, 5, a valve of a water outlet, 6, a water outlet hose, 7, a water outlet hose port, 8, a water outlet of a thin and high barrel, 9, a water delivery pipe, 10, a thin hose, 11, a support, 12, a hard and thick pipe, 13, plants, 14, a water outlet of the water tank body, 15, a thin and high barrel, 16, water in the thin and high barrel, 17, the front end of the hard and thick pipe, 18, water in the thin and soft pipe, 19, water drops, 20, water in the hard and thick pipe, 21, soil roots, 22, water roots, 23 and soil.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

example one: the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture planting of field plants (13) can refer to the attached drawings 1 and 3 and 1, the soil (23) in the field is leveled, and the plants (13) are planted. 2. The thin high barrel (15) is placed stably at the field. 3. The water tank (1) is supported beside the thin high barrel (15), the bottom of the water tank (1) is higher than the top of the thin high barrel (15), a water outlet (14) of the water tank is connected with a water outlet hose (6) and is placed in the thin high barrel (15). 4. The water outlet (8) of the thin high barrel is connected with a water pipe (9), the water pipe (9) is horizontally placed in the field, and the tail end of the water pipe (9) is plugged by a plug. 5. All the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water pipes are connected to a water pipe (9) by the following connection method: one end of a thin hose (10) of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is connected with a water delivery pipe (9), after the connection is finished, the tail end of the thin hose (10) of each positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is supported by a support (11), the support extends out of the highest point of one thin hose (10), and the highest points of the thin hoses (10) are at the same horizontal height. 6. All the hard thick pipes (12) of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes are vertically inserted into soil (23) beside plants (13) in the field, when the hard thick pipes (12) of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes are inserted into the soil (23), the soil (23) can be squeezed into the front ends (17) of the hard thick pipes of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes, and the soil (23) squeezed into the pipe cavities of the front ends (17) of the hard thick pipes of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipes reaches a certain amount and cannot be too little. 7. After the water tank is manufactured, a sealing cover (2) on the water inlet of the water tank is opened, a valve (5) on the water outlet of the water tank is closed, water is filled into the water tank (1) from the water inlet of the water tank (3), and after the water tank (1) is filled with water, the sealing cover (2) on the water inlet of the water tank is tightly closed. 8. The water outlet hose (6) is placed into the thin and high barrel (15), the water outlet hose port (7) is lifted, the valve (5) on the water outlet of the water tank (1) is opened, the water (4) in the water tank can flow into the thin and high barrel (15) from the water outlet hose (6), and the water (16) in the thin and high barrel can flow into the water delivery pipe (9). When the water pipe (9) is filled with water, the water in the water pipe (9) flows into the thin hose (10) of each positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, the water (18) in the thin hose of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe starts to flow downwards at the highest point of the thin hose, finally the water drops (19) are dripped into the hard and thick pipe (12) in the form of water drops (19), the water drops (19) dripped into the hard and thick pipe (12) can be gathered into a thin water layer on the soil (23) at the front end (17) of the hard and thick pipe, after the water drops (19) are gathered into a thin water layer on the soil (23) at the front end (17) of the hard and thick pipe, the water outlet hose port (7) is lowered, the height of the water outlet hose port (7) is generally slightly lower than the highest point of the thin hose, at the moment, the air pressure in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is lower than the atmospheric pressure, therefore, the water (20) in the hard thick pipe can not seep into the soil quickly, but can only seep into the soil (23) slowly, thereby realizing the irrigation of the plants (13) in the field. The characteristic that the soil-borne roots (21) of the plants (13) grow towards water along with the growth of the plants (13), the roots of the plants (13) can penetrate through the soil (23) at the front ends (17) of the hard and thick pipes for about 2 weeks to grow upwards into the water layers in the hard and thick pipes (12) and grow water roots (22) in the water, and the more the plants grow in the water layers in the hard and thick pipes (12), the deeper the shallow water layers in the hard and thick pipes (12) can be slowly increased, so that the roots of the plants can grow in the water (20) (or nutrient solution) in the hard and thick pipes. This enables the roots of the plants (13) to grow partly in the soil (23) and partly in the water (20) in the hard thick pipe. The advantages of this are: the roots in the soil can not fix the plants (13) and can absorb moisture, nutrients and oxygen in the soil, and the roots in the water in the positive-negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe can absorb a large amount of moisture and nutrients.

Claims

1. A method for planting by drip irrigation and semi-water culture under positive and negative pressure is characterized in that the end of a thin hose of a drip irrigation water culture pipe under positive and negative pressure is connected with a water supply device, the end opening of a hard thick pipe of the drip irrigation water culture pipe under positive and negative pressure is inserted into soil vertically, a part of soil can be squeezed into the front end of the hard thick pipe of the drip irrigation water culture pipe under positive and negative pressure, after the drip irrigation water culture pipe under positive and negative pressure is inserted, the hard thick pipe is covered by soil, or the hard thick pipe is set to be black and light-tight; plants are planted beside a hard and thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, water in a thin and soft pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe can drip into soil at the front end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, the dripped water can be gathered into a water layer on the soil at the front end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, the water in the water layer can penetrate through the soil at the front end of the hard and thick pipe of the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe to permeate into the soil near the roots of the plants, the plants can be continuously irrigated at an extremely low flow rate, part of soil-grown roots of the plants can automatically grow into the water layer in the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe, water roots grow in the water, part of the roots of the plants grow in the soil, and the other part of the roots grow in the water, so that the positive and negative drip irrigation and semi-water culture method is realized.

2. The positive and negative pressure drip irrigation and semi-water culture planting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the positive and negative pressure drip irrigation water culture pipe is formed by connecting a thin hose and a hard thick pipe; the fine hose is a length of elongated hose; the hard thick pipe has a short length, a thin front end and a thick rear end, and the bottom of the hard thick pipe is connected with the thin hose.