CN108762765B - Development board program compiling and downloading method based on contiki system - Google Patents

Development board program compiling and downloading method based on contiki system Download PDF

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CN108762765B
CN108762765B CN201810569621.XA CN201810569621A CN108762765B CN 108762765 B CN108762765 B CN 108762765B CN 201810569621 A CN201810569621 A CN 201810569621A CN 108762765 B CN108762765 B CN 108762765B
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CN108762765A (en
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焦亚男
马杰
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Hebei University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a development board program compiling and downloading method based on a contiki system, which is characterized in that visual C + + software is used for compiling under a windows system, Jlink software is used for downloading, a Python automatic test framework is adopted to finish the operation of visual C + + and Jlink and finish one-key compiling and downloading.

Description

Development board program compiling and downloading method based on contiki system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Contiki Internet of things operating systems, and particularly relates to a development board program compiling and downloading method based on a Contiki system.
Background
The internet of things is that sensors are arranged on various real objects such as power grids, railways, bridges, tunnels, highways, buildings, water supply systems, dams, oil and gas pipelines, household appliances and the like, and are connected through the internet, so that a specific program is operated, and remote control is achieved or direct communication between objects is achieved. The internet of things is characterized in that Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), sensors, two-dimensional codes and the like which are arranged on various objects are connected with a wireless network through interfaces, so that the objects are endowed with intelligence, communication and conversation between people and the objects are realized, communication and conversation between the objects can also be realized, and the network which connects the objects is called the internet of things. The internet of things is the internet connected to physical objects. The Internet has no internet of things genes, and physical objects in the shape and color of the objective world must be connected to the Internet by virtue of an embedded system. Firstly, a physical object is changed into an intelligent system through an embedded system, and then a single intelligent system or a local area network of the intelligent system is connected with the Internet, so that the system of the Internet of things is formed.
The Contiki Internet of things operating system is the most mainstream Internet of things development system at present, is suitable for a single chip microcomputer with limited processor resources, and generally only approximately occupies 40Kb Flash and 2Kb RAM in total in the application program of the system. The traditional development boards such as a 51-chip microcomputer, an MSP430 and the like are provided with corresponding software under a window system, code compiling, debugging and code downloading are carried out, compiling and downloading work is completed in one key, and embedded development is facilitated. However, in the prior art, the development of the embedded contiki system is developed under the Wuban image system, the contiki system downloading program cannot realize one-key compiling and downloading, and dozens of lines of codes are required to be manually knocked at a command terminal for each compiling and downloading, so that the method is too cumbersome and not beneficial to development. The program downloaded by using the contiki system can be developed only by installing an Instant-contiki virtual machine, a terminal command line is used for operation under the virtual machine, the program is downloaded into a development board, the program is very complicated and can be realized only by dozens of lines of codes, and the program is difficult to develop 51 single-chip microcomputers compared with the keil software, so that the debugging of the codes is inconvenient.
Fig. 1 is a compiling and downloading flow under a virtual machine, which includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: starting an Instant-contiki system, and entering a Jlink folder: cd Jlink-
The second step is that: starting Jlink software: JLinkExe
The third step: naming equipment: exec device ═ CC2538SF53
The fourth step: erasing the original program (the program needs to be debugged repeatedly, and each debugging needs to be downloaded to the development board again, so the program debugged last time in the development board before downloading, namely the original program is abbreviated as the original program): erase
The fifth step: downloading loadbin/home/user/examples/blink.bin,0x00200000
And a sixth step: after the fifth step is finished, if the returned result is success, the downloading is successful, and the seventh step is not carried out; if the returned result is fail to download, executing the seventh step.
The seventh step: if the downloading needs to be carried out again, the fourth step needs to be returned: erasing the original program erase; if other unexpected situations occur, please close the terminal, and start the operation from the first step again.
In the development process, debugging is inevitable, sometimes even tens of hundreds of times, the steps are required to be executed once for each debugging, so that the development time is far shorter than the compiling and downloading time, the compiling and downloading does not play a role in promoting the program development, and on the contrary, a great deal of inconvenience is brought to developers, the compiling and downloading are complicated and difficult, the development difficulty is increased, and the development efficiency is reduced. Therefore, the patent researches and develops a one-key compiling and downloading function, namely, the compiling and downloading function can be realized only by clicking once compiling and downloading key without the steps.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the embedded cintiki system is very complicated to download and compile under the Wuban image system and is not beneficial to program development, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a development board program compiling and downloading method based on the contiki system. The method has the advantages that visual C + + software is used for compiling under a windows system, Jlink software is used for downloading, a Python automatic test framework is adopted to complete operation of visual C + + and Jlink, one-key compiling and downloading are completed, automatic compiling and downloading can be achieved under the windows system, the problem of complex compiling and downloading is solved, developers can have more efforts to compile codes instead of complex downloading steps, and development efficiency can be greatly improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: providing a development board program compiling and downloading method based on a contiki system, utilizing a python third-party library pyautogui library, simulating mouse operation by using python, completing operation on visual C + + software and Jlink software, and realizing one-key compiling and downloading; the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, collecting image data:
the method comprises the steps that a pyaugui library is used for simulating keyboard operation, a positioning mechanism is pixel comparison, image acquisition is carried out on an operation key needed to be used, the image acquisition is divided into two parts, the first part is public path acquisition, images related to visual C + + software and Jlink software are acquired, the images are general images, visual C + + compiling is carried out, and button images needed to be used in the compiling process are intercepted; downloading Jlink software, and storing a button screenshot used in the Jlink downloading process; the second part collects the picture of the bin file, the bin file is the file to be downloaded to the development board, and the picture of the bin file is intercepted;
secondly, establishing an index picture library:
storing all the pictures acquired in the first step into the same folder, and naming the folder as an index picture library; naming each general picture according to the steps of compiling and downloading visual C + + software and Jlink software, wherein the steps of compiling visual C + + are fixed, the steps of downloading Jlink are also fixed, naming is carried out according to the step sequence and whether the steps belong to visual C + + or Jlink, the naming format is 'numbering-using', and all general pictures are named according to the naming rule; naming each.bin file picture according to the name of the.bin file itself;
step three, establishing a bin file library:
and uniformly storing the bin file by using visual C + + software, wherein the specific process is as follows: in the process of installing visual C + + software, the installation guide pops up options of a designated working space, a user needs to designate a folder as a working space for storing program files later, creates the folder and names visual space, the designated working space is the visual space, bin files which are compiled each time are stored in a bin file library in a unified manner, and the bin file library can be updated along with the compiling of the C files each time;
step four, updating the index picture library:
acquiring image information of a newly added bin file in a bin file library to form a new bin file picture, storing the new bin file picture information into an index picture library, and acquiring image data of the new bin file every time when a new file is stored in the bin file library, and then storing the image data into the index picture library to finish updating the index picture library;
step five, establishing an index path:
each bin file has different index paths, the index path between the bin file and the index picture library is established according to the name of the bin file and the name of the bin file picture in the index picture library, and the operation of visual C + + software and Jlink software is relatively fixed in the establishing process of the index path and is fixed as a software index path; after the visual C + + compiling is completed, the name of a C file appears in a window of a visual C + + output result, the visual C + + command window picture is intercepted through Python in a mode that a Python third-party library pyautogui library is used for screenshot, characters on the picture are obtained through Python, the characters in the picture are converted into character strings through the Python third-party library pytesseract library, the character strings comprise the name of the C file which is required to be compiled at present, so that the name of the C file is obtained, the name of the C file is reserved, a suffix is changed into a bin, the name of the bin file is obtained, an index path between the bin file and the index picture library is established, and the whole index path is also established;
sixthly, packaging a compiling and downloading key:
and packaging the programs related to the first step to the fifth step, establishing a graphical interface at a computer end by means of Python, importing an easygui library of a Python third-party library, and adding a g.msgbox () program after importing the easygui library, thereby completing the packaging, compiling and downloading key.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a program one-key compiling and downloading method of a contiki system development board under a windows system, and at present, the development board based on the contiki development system is developed under a Wuban image operation system, compiling and downloading are carried out by using a terminal command, so that the method is very inconvenient and extremely complicated, operation is simple and convenient by using a mouse under the windows, and the working difficulty of developers outside programming is greatly reduced.
2. The method takes a pyautogui library of a python third-party library as a core, compiles by using visual C + +, downloads by using Jlink, realizes the simulation operation of the mouse and the keyboard by using the pyautogui library, replaces manual clicking, realizes one-key compiling and downloading, and greatly improves the development efficiency because developers only concentrate on development but not others.
The method utilizes a Python automatic test framework to realize automatic compiling and downloading of a development program, firstly utilizes a Python third-party automatic test library pyautogui library to simulate computer mouse and keyboard operation to replace manual operation, liberates developers from a fussy compiling and downloading process, and enables the developers to put more energy on code development. And secondly, identifying the code being modified by the developer by using a Python third-party library pytesseract library, and determining a target file (a file to be compiled and downloaded). And finally, packaging the programs involved in the first step to the fifth step by using a Python third-party library easygui library to form a compiling and downloading key. The developer can realize the compiling and downloading of the file only by clicking the compiling and downloading key. Therefore, the method is extremely convenient for developers developing contiki systems, and the one-key operation is immeasurable for improving the development efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a conventional contiki system development board download program.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the compilation and download method of development board program based on contiki system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 compiles a download key graphical interface.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The development board program compiling and downloading method based on the contiki system (a downloading method for short, see figure 2) solves the problem that a contiki system development board is loaded complicatedly under an Wuban diagram system by utilizing a python automatic test framework, utilizes a pyautogui library (the pyautogui is a third-party library of python) and simulates mouse operation by utilizing python to complete the operation of visual C + + software and Jlink software, and realizes one-key compiling and downloading; the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, collecting image data:
the method comprises the steps that a pyautogui library is used for simulating keyboard operation, a positioning mechanism is pixel comparison, image acquisition is carried out on an operation key needed to be used, the image acquisition is divided into two parts, the first part is public path acquisition, images related to visual C + + software and Jlink software are acquired, the related images refer to the two software operations needed in the compiling and downloading process, the images of buttons used in the operation process are acquired, the acquisition means is qq screenshot, the images are general images, visual C + + executes compiling, the images of the buttons needed in the compiling process are intercepted, and the screenshot of the buttons clicked in the visual C + + compiling process is acquired; downloading Jlink software, and storing a button screenshot used in the Jlink downloading process; the second part collects the picture of the bin file, the bin file is the file to be downloaded into the development board, the collection means is qq screenshot, and the picture of the bin file is intercepted.
Secondly, establishing an index picture library:
storing all the pictures acquired in the first step into the same folder, and naming the folder as an index picture library; each universal picture is named according to visual C + + software and Jlink software compiling and downloading steps, the visual C + + compiling steps are fixed, Jlink downloading steps are also fixed, the naming format is 'number-purpose' according to the step sequence and whether the steps belong to visual C + + or Jlink, for example, a picture of a first step of visual C + + is named as '1-V', wherein V represents visual C + +,1 represents a first step, and a picture of the first step of Jlink is named as '1-J', wherein J represents Jlink,1 represents a first step of Jlink downloading, and all the universal pictures are named according to the naming rule; each.bin file picture is named by the name of the.bin file itself.
Step three, establishing a bin file library:
bin files are files that need to be downloaded into a development board, and if the files are not stored uniformly, great inconvenience is caused to index bin files, so that visual C + + software needs to be set. And uniformly storing the bin file by using visual C + + software, wherein the specific process is as follows: in the process of installing visual C + + software, the installation wizard pops up options of a designated workspace, a user needs to designate a folder as a workspace for storing program files later, the user creates a new folder and names visual space, the designated workspace is the visual space, bin files which are compiled each time are stored in a bin file library in a unified manner, and the bin file library can be updated along with the compiling of the C files each time.
Step four, updating the index picture library:
and acquiring image information of a newly added bin file in the bin file library to form a new bin file picture, storing the new bin file picture information into the index picture library, and acquiring image data of the new bin file every time the new file is stored in the bin file library, and then storing the image data into the index picture library to finish updating the index picture library.
Step five, establishing an index path:
each bin file has different index paths, the index path between the bin file and the index picture library is established according to the name of the bin file and the name of the bin file picture in the index picture library, the operation of visual C + + software and Jlink software is relatively fixed in the establishment process of the index path, the operation is fixed as a software index path, the bin file to be compiled is not fixed, and therefore the bin file to be downloaded is determined to complete the establishment of the index path. After the visual C + + compiling is completed, the name of the C file appears in a window of a visual C + + output result, the visual C + + command window picture is intercepted through Python in a mode that a Python third-party library pyautogui library is used for screenshot, characters on the picture are obtained through Python, the characters in the picture are converted into character strings through the Python third-party library pytesseract library, the character strings comprise the name of the C file which is required to be compiled at present, and therefore the name of the C file is obtained.
Sixthly, packaging a compiling and downloading key:
packaging the programs related to the first step to the fifth step, creating a graphical interface at a computer end by means of Python, wherein the third-party library of the Python for realizing the graphical interface is an easygui library, so that an easygui library needs to be imported into the Python third-party library, and after the easygui library is imported, a program g.msgbox (' are you ready ', ok _ button ═ compilation download '), wherein the used function g.msgbox () is a function in the easygui library, so that a packaging compilation download key is completed, and the packaged interface is as shown in fig. 3, namely, a piece of software similar to qq is created at the computer end, but only the compilation download key is needed after the software is opened, and the Python program automatically compiled and downloaded can be run by pressing the compilation download key to realize one-key compilation download, which is the packaging compilation download key.
The Python has a plurality of frames which can be used for the aspect of automatic testing, and the Pywinauto frame is developed based on the Python, is used for a script module of the automatic testing and is mainly operated on a Windows standard graphical interface. It may allow the user to easily send mouse and keyboard actions to Windows dialogs and controls. The main functions are a series of programmable processing of actions of the windows standard control, including designation of a window, mouse or keyboard operation, obtaining of control properties and the like. The start of the program is the start or connection to the desired application. After the program connection is obtained, Pywinauto searches a matched window through the name, class name, visibility and other attributes of the window, further searches a control required by a user through a similar method, and obtains a corresponding handle. And then, the user can program the specified control by related operations in an easily understood programming mode, wherein the operations comprise mouse clicking, keyboard inputting, judging the relationship among the controls, acquiring the control property and the like.
The application successfully applies the Contiki system to the windows system, so that the program compiling and downloading of the development board of the Contiki system become possible, and the Contiki system is introduced under the windows system and has the following characteristics:
(1) and completely programming by using a C language. The Contiki system is completely written by C language, and the C language is also completely utilized in the programming application, so that the Contiki system is simple and easy to learn, and has short development period.
(2) Free of charge. The Contiki operating system is released under an open source authorization protocol, which means that the user can use the code in scientific research, education, business at will, and can modify the code at will and release the Contiki code belonging to himself. Although free of open sources, it does not represent a conteiki system that is just under performing, but rather it is developed quite quickly because of its high open sources. More importantly, the authors of the Contiki system participated in the formulation of internet standards and designed fully open source software such as LwIP, Protothred, etc. in addition to the operating system.
(3) The transplantation is convenient. The Contiki system is not designed with any hardware functionality, which makes it support more chips.
(4) The power consumption is low. Unlike network nodes in a traditional network, many network nodes in a sensor network are usually deployed in the field, and power supplies carried by the network nodes cannot be used for a long time. The Contiki operating system takes into account the low power consumption characteristics of the network nodes at the beginning of the design. Moreover, the Contiki system can monitor the power consumption of each node without extra hardware, and can perform energy analysis to evaluate whether the routing protocol of the sensor network is efficient or not.
(5) And (5) network interaction. The Contiki system supports clients of a variety of platforms, and the network can interface control and storage of relevant data information with the web and command lines. Under the command line, the interactive interface passes through the shell, and the interface entering the shell is as simple and easy to use as a Linux command line.
(6) The system has a file system and a simulation system, and completely realizes a protocol stack with low power consumption by time-driven multitasking. Example 1
In this embodiment, a development board program compiling and downloading method based on the contiki system takes a process of downloading a tic-6lbr.
The first step is as follows: collecting all pictures needing to click a button in the compiling and downloading processes of visual C + + software and Jlink software, storing all the collected pictures in the same folder, and adopting a qq screenshot as a collecting means; and then, collecting a tic-6lbr.bin file picture, wherein the collection means is a screenshot and the screenshot also exists under the file folder.
The second step is that: the name of the folder storing the pictures in the first step is named as an index picture library, and since compiling and downloading are in a fixed sequence, namely which key is pressed first and then which key is fixed, the name is named by adopting a number-purpose format, the pictures collected to visual C + + are named as '1-V', '2-V', '3-V', '4-V', '5-V', '6-V', wherein V represents visual C + +, which indicates that the purpose is visual C + + compiling, and the maximum number of 6 indicates that 6 keys need to be clicked in the compiling step. The pictures of the collected Jlink are named as '1-J', '2-J', '3-J', '4-J', '5-J', '6-J', '7-J', '8-J' and '9-J', wherein J represents Jlink and indicates that the purpose is Jlink downloading, and the maximum number of 9 indicates that 9 keys are required to be clicked in the downloading step. The collected tic-6lbr.bin file picture is named as "tic-6 lbr.bin".
The third step: finding a visualSpae folder, which is prompted by an installation wizard in the process of installing visual C + +, is specified by the user and named as visualSpace for storing compiled bin files, so that the visualSpace is a bin file library, and therefore, after compiling, the downloaded tic-6lbr.
The fourth step: updating the index picture library, but only downloading the tic-6lbr.bin file at this time and not downloading other files, so the updating is not needed, if downloading other files, such as a.bin, the a.bin file is to be found when updating the index picture library, the image of the file is collected, namely, the qq screenshot is used for intercepting, then the screenshot is stored in the index picture library, and the picture is named as the index picture library
Bin, finishing updating the index picture library.
The fifth step: writing the 1-V, 2-V, 3-V, 4-V, 5-V, 6-V, 1-J, 2-J, 3-J, 4-J, 5-J, 6-J, 7-J, 8-J, 9-J and center-6 lbr.bin into the corresponding position in the test.py program to realize the indexing of the pictures, and the program can find the corresponding position on the computer according to the pictures to click, for example, the 1-V corresponds to the visual C + + software, and the computer can find the visual C + + according to the 1-V and click the icon of the visual C + + on the computer to open the visual C + +. Thus, the pictures represent the buttons to be clicked, the computer can finish the downloading of the program by clicking the pictures in sequence, and the user only needs to click the running test.
And a sixth step: the Python can create a graphical interface, a compiling and downloading key is clicked after software is opened, an automatic compiling and downloading Python program is operated, and one-key compiling and downloading are achieved.
The method is suitable for a development board which takes a contiki operating system as an embedded system and is used for developing a 6LoWPAN network, a compiling and downloading program of the 6LoWPAN network development board which takes the contiki system as the development system is suitable for developing a scene, a computer operating system is windows, the scale of an index picture library in the method is not large, the scale is influenced by a bin file library, and therefore the method is very light and easy to use, and the automation of compiling and downloading can be realized as long as the index picture library, the bin file library and an index path are established.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.

Claims (2)

1. A development board program compiling and downloading method based on a contiki system utilizes a python third-party library pyautogui library to simulate mouse operation by python, completes operation on visual C + + software and Jlink software, and realizes one-key compiling and downloading; the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, collecting image data:
the method comprises the steps that a pyautogui library is used for simulating keyboard operation, a positioning mechanism is pixel comparison, image acquisition is carried out on an operation key needed to be used, the image acquisition is divided into two parts, the first part is public path acquisition, images related to visual C + + software and Jlink software are acquired, the images are general images, visual C + + is used for compiling, and button images needed to be used in the compiling process are intercepted; downloading Jlink software, and storing a button screenshot used in the Jlink downloading process; the second part collects the picture of the bin file, the bin file is the file to be downloaded to the development board, and the picture of the bin file is intercepted;
secondly, establishing an index picture library:
storing all the pictures acquired in the first step into the same folder, and naming the folder as an index picture library; naming each general picture according to the steps of compiling and downloading visual C + + software and Jlink software, wherein the steps of compiling visual C + + are fixed, the steps of downloading Jlink are also fixed, naming is carried out according to the step sequence and whether the steps belong to visual C + + or Jlink, the naming format is 'numbering-using', and all general pictures are named according to the naming rule; naming each.bin file picture according to the name of the.bin file itself;
step three, establishing a bin file library:
the bin file is uniformly stored by using the visualC + + software, and the specific process is as follows: in the process of installing visual C + + software, the installation guide pops up options of a designated working space, a user needs to designate a folder as a working space for storing program files later, creates the folder and names visual space, the designated working space is the visual space, and bin files which are compiled each time are stored in a bin file library in a unified manner, wherein the bin file library is the bin file library, and the bin file library can be updated along with the C files compiled each time;
step four, updating the index picture library:
acquiring image information of a newly added bin file in a bin file library to form a new bin file picture, storing the new bin file picture information into an index picture library, and acquiring image data of the new bin file every time when a new file is stored in the bin file library, and then storing the image data into the index picture library to finish updating the index picture library;
step five, establishing an index path:
each bin file has different index paths, the index path between the bin file and the index picture library is established according to the name of the bin file and the name of the bin file picture in the index picture library, and the operation of visual C + + software and Jlink software is relatively fixed in the establishing process of the index path and is fixed as a software index path; after the visual C + + compiling is completed, the name of a C file appears in a window of a visual C + + output result, the visual C + + command window picture is intercepted through Python in a mode that a Python third-party library pyautogui library is used for screenshot, characters on the picture are obtained through Python, the characters in the picture are converted into character strings through the Python third-party library pytesseract library, the character strings comprise the name of the C file which is required to be compiled at present, so that the name of the C file is obtained, the name of the C file is reserved, a suffix is changed into a bin, the name of the bin file is obtained, an index path between the bin file and the index picture library is established, and the whole index path is also established;
sixthly, packaging a compiling and downloading key:
and packaging the programs related to the first step to the fifth step, establishing a graphical interface at a computer end by means of Python, importing an easygui library of a Python third-party library, and adding a g.msgbox () program after importing the easygui library, thereby completing the packaging, compiling and downloading key.
2. The contiki system-based development board program compiling and downloading method of claim 1, wherein the image capturing means in the first step is qq screenshot.
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