CN108761935B - Array substrate, liquid crystal display device and driving method - Google Patents
Array substrate, liquid crystal display device and driving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108761935B CN108761935B CN201810201665.7A CN201810201665A CN108761935B CN 108761935 B CN108761935 B CN 108761935B CN 201810201665 A CN201810201665 A CN 201810201665A CN 108761935 B CN108761935 B CN 108761935B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/124—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or layout of the wiring layers specially adapted to the circuit arrangement, e.g. scanning lines in LCD pixel circuits
Abstract
The invention discloses an array substrate, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method, wherein the array substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of common electrodes, a plurality of first conductive strips, a plurality of thin film transistors, a first voltage line and a second voltage line; a pixel electrode and a common electrode are arranged in each pixel unit; the plurality of first conductive strips extend along the scanning line direction and are positioned above the corresponding scanning lines and overlapped with the scanning lines, and the common electrodes in each row of pixel units are connected to the same first conductive strip; a plurality of first conductive bars alternately connected to a first voltage line and a second voltage line along a data line direction; the pixel electrodes in each row of pixel units are alternately connected to the two scanning lines on the upper side and the lower side of the row of pixel units through thin film transistors, and the pixel electrodes in each column of pixel units are alternately connected to the two data lines on the left side and the right side of the column of pixel units through thin film transistors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to an array substrate, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method.
Background
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays.
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 120 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. There is therefore a need for a display device that can be switched to a narrow viewing angle in addition to a wide viewing angle.
At present, the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle is generally realized by the shielding function of the shutter, which requires an additional shielding film outside the display device, and is inconvenient to use.
Recently, it has been proposed to apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on the color filter substrate (CF) side to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lcd device includes an upper substrate 11, a lower substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, wherein a viewing angle control electrode 111 is disposed on the upper substrate 11. As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle display, the viewing angle control electrode 111 on the upper substrate 11 does not apply a voltage, and the liquid crystal display device realizes the wide viewing angle display. As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle display is required, the viewing angle control electrode 111 on the upper substrate 11 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 will tilt due to the vertical electric field E (as shown by the arrow in the figure), and the contrast of the liquid crystal display device is reduced due to light leakage, thereby finally realizing a narrow viewing angle.
However, in the conventional wide and narrow viewing angle panel structure, the electric fields applied between the two substrates are not consistent in different viewing angle modes, and the phenomenon of panel flicker is caused by the asymmetry of the electric fields. In order to solve the problem of panel flicker, a driving circuit with a frame frequency (120 Hz) needs to be adopted to make the driving frequency higher than the human eye identification frequency, so as to achieve the purpose of improving flicker. The existing wide and narrow viewing angle panel architecture also has the defect of low resolution, and the improvement of the existing wide and narrow viewing angle panel architecture is one of the problems to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an array substrate, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method, which can realize high-resolution visual angle controllable display.
The embodiment of the invention provides an array substrate, wherein the array substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array manner, and the array substrate is also provided with a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of common electrodes, a plurality of first conductive strips, a plurality of thin film transistors, a first voltage line and a second voltage line; the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes are respectively arranged in the pixel units, wherein each pixel unit is internally provided with one pixel electrode and one common electrode; the plurality of first conductive strips extend along the scanning line direction, are positioned above the corresponding scanning lines and are overlapped with the scanning lines, and the common electrodes in each row of pixel units are connected to the same first conductive strip; the plurality of first conductive strips are alternately connected to the first voltage line and the second voltage line along a data line direction; the pixel electrodes in each row of pixel units are alternately connected to the two scanning lines positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the row of pixel units through thin film transistors, and the pixel electrodes in each column of pixel units are alternately connected to the two data lines positioned at the left side and the right side of the column of pixel units through thin film transistors.
Furthermore, the first conductive strip includes a first sub-conductive strip and a second sub-conductive strip, the first sub-conductive strip is located at one side of each row of pixel units and connected to the common electrode in the row of pixel units, and the second sub-conductive strip is located at the other side of the row of pixel units and connected to the common electrode in the row of pixel units.
Further, the common electrode is a slit-shaped electrode, and the first conductive strips are made of metal and directly connected with the corresponding common electrode in a contact manner.
Furthermore, the pixel electrode is positioned below the common electrode, and the pixel electrode is also a slit-shaped electrode and is arranged in a staggered mode with the pattern of the common electrode.
Furthermore, a plurality of capacitor plates are arranged on the array substrate, one capacitor plate is arranged in each pixel unit, and the capacitor plates are arranged below the pixel electrodes and have the same pattern as the pixel electrodes.
Furthermore, a plurality of second conductive strips are further disposed on the array substrate, the second conductive strips extend along the scanning line direction, are located between the first conductive strips and the scanning line, and are overlapped with the scanning line, and the capacitor plates in each row of pixel units are connected to the same first conductive strip.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises an array substrate, a color film substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the array substrate and the color film substrate, wherein the array substrate is the array substrate, and the color film substrate is provided with an upper electrode.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device, where the driving method includes:
in a first viewing angle mode, applying a reference voltage to the upper electrode, applying a first common voltage with a smaller amplitude than the reference voltage to the common electrodes in each row of the pixel units connected with the first voltage line through the first voltage line, and applying a second common voltage with a smaller amplitude than the reference voltage to the common electrodes in each row of the pixel units connected with the second voltage line through the second voltage line, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrodes and the upper electrode is smaller than a first preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, applying a reference voltage to the upper electrode, applying a first common voltage with a larger amplitude relative to the reference voltage to the common electrodes in each row of pixel units connected with the first voltage line through the first voltage line, and applying a second common voltage with a larger amplitude relative to the reference voltage to the common electrodes in each row of pixel units connected with the second voltage line through the second voltage line, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrodes and the upper electrode is larger than a second preset value; wherein the second preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value.
Further, in the first viewing angle mode, the first common voltage and the second common voltage are both the same as the reference voltage; in a second viewing angle mode, the first common voltage and the second common voltage are both alternating current and have opposite polarities.
Further, the liquid crystal layer adopts positive liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
In the embodiment, the common electrodes in each row of pixel units are independently arranged, the polarity of the first common voltage of the odd-numbered rows charged on the first conductive strips is opposite to that of the second common voltage of the even-numbered rows, and the polarity of the common voltage applied by each common electrode is the same as that of the data voltage applied by the row of pixel units covered by the common electrode, so that when the display is carried out by using row inversion in a matching manner, the voltage difference between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes in two adjacent pixel units with different positive and negative polarities can be the same, and the problem of inconsistent brightness of the two adjacent pixel units is solved. The first conductive strips are overlapped with the scanning lines, so that the impedance of the common electrode is reduced, the aperture opening ratio is increased, and the resolution of the liquid crystal display device is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 1 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an array substrate of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a single pixel unit of the array substrate in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 3 taken along line vi-vi at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 6 at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 3 along the line vi-vi at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 8 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of an array substrate in a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the liquid crystal display device in fig. 11 at a wide viewing angle.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
[ first embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 3 to fig. 6, a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes an array substrate 20, a color filter substrate 30 disposed opposite to the array substrate 20, and a liquid crystal layer 40 disposed between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30.
The array substrate 20 is provided with a plurality of scan lines 21 and a plurality of data lines 22. The plurality of scanning lines 21 and the plurality of data lines 22 are insulated and crossed to define a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array. Each pixel unit is provided with a pixel electrode 23, a common electrode 24 and a thin film transistor 26, and the pixel electrode 23 is connected to the scanning line 21 and the data line 22 adjacent to the thin film transistor 26 through the thin film transistor 26. Specifically, the thin film transistor 26 includes a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, wherein the gate electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding scan line 21, the gate electrode may be independently disposed or may be a part of the scan line 21, the source electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding data line 22, and the drain electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding pixel electrode 23.
The pixel electrode 23 is a slit-shaped electrode. The pixel electrodes 23 in each row of pixel units are alternately connected to the two scan lines 21 on the upper and lower sides of the row of pixel units through the thin film transistors 26, and the pixel electrodes 23 in each column of pixel units are alternately connected to the two data lines 22 on the left and right sides of the column of pixel units through the thin film transistors 26. For example, the pixel electrode 23 in the first row and first column is connected to the scanning line G0 on its upper side and the data line D0 on its left side through the thin film transistor 26 located at its upper left corner; the pixel electrode 23 in the first row and second column is connected to the scanning line G1 on its lower side and the data line D2 on its right side by the thin film transistor 26 at its lower right corner; the pixel electrode 23 in the second row and the first column is connected to the scanning line G1 on its upper side and the data line D1 on its right side through the thin film transistor 26 located on its upper right corner; the pixel electrode 23 in the second row and the second column is connected to the scanning line G2 on its lower side and the data line D1 on its left side through the thin film transistor 26 located on its lower left corner; and then the four pixel units are repeatedly arranged as a group.
The common electrode 24 is also a slit-shaped electrode, and an independent common electrode 24 is provided in each pixel unit. In this embodiment, the common electrode 24 and the pixel electrode 23 are located at different layers with an insulating layer interposed therebetween, and the common electrode 24 is located above the pixel electrode 23 and is staggered with the pattern of the pixel electrode 23. I.e. the electrode strips (not labeled) of the common electrode 24 are located at the slit positions of the pixel electrodes 23.
The array substrate 20 further has a plurality of first conductive strips 25, first voltage lines 201 and second voltage lines 202, each first conductive strip 25 extends along the scan lines 21 and is located above the corresponding scan line 21 and overlaps the scan line 21, the common electrodes 24 in each row of pixel units are connected to the same first conductive strip 25, and the plurality of first conductive strips 25 are alternately connected to the first voltage lines 201 and the second voltage lines 202 along the data lines.
In this embodiment, the first conductive strip 25 includes a first sub-conductive strip 25a and a second sub-conductive strip 25b, the first sub-conductive strip 25a is located on one side of each row of pixel units and connected to the common electrode 24 in the row of pixel units, and the second sub-conductive strip 25b is located on the other side of the row of pixel units and connected to the common electrode 24 in the row of pixel units. The first and second sub-conductive strips 25a and 25b connected to the common electrode 24 in each row of pixel units are alternately directly connected to the first and second voltage lines 201 and 202. For example, the first and second sub-conductive strips 25a and 25b connected to the common electrode 24 in all the odd-numbered row pixel cells are each connected to the first voltage line 201, and the first and second sub-conductive strips 25a and 25b connected to the common electrode 24 in all the even-numbered row pixel cells are each connected to the second voltage line 202.
The first voltage line 201 and the second voltage line 202 are disposed in a non-display region of the liquid crystal display device. In this embodiment, the first voltage line 201 and the second voltage line 202 are disposed on the same side of the liquid crystal display device, but not limited thereto.
The array substrate 20 is further provided with a plurality of capacitor plates 27, one capacitor plate 27 is arranged in each pixel unit, and the capacitor plates 27 are arranged below the pixel electrodes 23 and have the same pattern as the pixel electrodes (23).
The array substrate 20 is further provided with a plurality of second conductive strips 28, the plurality of second conductive strips 28 extend along the scanning line 21 and are located between the plurality of first conductive strips 25 and the scanning line 21, and the second conductive strips 28 are overlapped with the corresponding scanning lines 21. The capacitor plates 27 in each row of pixel cells are connected to the same first conductive strip 25. The capacitor plate 27 and the pixel electrode 23 form a storage capacitor.
The color filter substrate 30 is provided with a color resist layer 31, a Black Matrix (BM)32, and an upper electrode 33. The color resist layer 31 is, for example, R, G, B color resist. The upper electrode 33 is a planar electrode over the entire surface, i.e., the entire surface of the upper electrode 33 covers the display region. The color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32 are disposed on the surface of the color filter substrate 30 facing the liquid crystal layer 40, and other film structures are disposed on the color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32. At least one insulating layer or planarization layer may be further disposed on the color filter substrate 30. In this embodiment, a planarization layer 35 is further disposed on the color filter substrate 30, the planarization layer 35 covers the color resist layer 32 and the black matrix 31, and the upper electrode 33 is formed on the planarization layer 35.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 6, in an initial state (i.e., a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 assume a lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates 20, 30, i.e., a long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates 20, 30. In practical applications, however, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 and the substrates 20 and 30 may have a small initial pretilt angle, which may range from 10 degrees or less, that is: 0 DEG ≦ theta ≦ 10 deg.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display device can be switched between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode by controlling the voltage signals applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color film substrate 30 and the common electrode 24 of the array substrate 20.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 3 and 7, in the embodiment, in the wide viewing angle mode, a reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, a first common voltage V1 with a smaller amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the odd-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the first voltage line 201, and a second common voltage V2 with a smaller amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the even-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the second voltage line 202, so that voltage differences between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrode 33 are smaller than a first preset value (for example, smaller than 1V). At this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrodes 33 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 hardly changes and is maintained in the lying posture, so that the liquid crystal display device realizes normal wide viewing angle display.
Specifically, in the wide viewing angle mode, the reference voltage applied to the upper electrode 33 may be a constant 0V, and the voltages applied to the first voltage line 201 and the second voltage line 202 may also be a constant 0V, so that the first common voltage V1 and the second common voltage V2 applied to each common electrode 24 are both the same as the reference voltage, that is, both are 0V, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode 24 and the upper electrode 33 is zero, and a good wide viewing angle effect may be achieved. However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and in the wide viewing angle mode, the voltages applied on the first and second voltage lines 201 and 202 may be a direct current voltage or an alternating current voltage other than 0V as long as the voltage difference between each first common electrode 24a and the upper electrode 33 and the voltage difference between each second common electrode 24b and the upper electrode 33 are made smaller than the first preset value. In the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment adopts single column inversion driving, but not limited thereto.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 3, 8 and 9, in the narrow viewing angle mode, in the embodiment, a reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, a first common voltage V1 having a larger amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the odd-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the first voltage line 201, and a second common voltage V2 having a larger amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the even-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the second voltage line 202, so that voltage differences between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrode 33 are greater than a second preset value (for example, greater than 2V), where the second preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value. At this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrodes 33 is large, a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 8) is generated between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30 in the liquid crystal cell, and the positive liquid crystal molecules rotate in a direction parallel to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E, the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 20 and 30 is increased and tilted, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the lying posture to the inclined posture, the liquid crystal display device has large-angle light leakage, the contrast is reduced and the viewing angle is narrowed in the oblique viewing direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes narrow viewing angle display. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment employs single-row inversion driving.
In conjunction with fig. 3 and 9, in particular, V1 represents a first common voltage waveform charged to each common electrode 24 of the odd-numbered rows, and V2 represents a second common voltage waveform charged to each common electrode 24 of the even-numbered rows. The polarities of the first common voltage V1 and the second common voltage V2 are opposite, and the polarities of the first common voltage V1 and the second common voltage V2 are inverted once per frame, and the steps are repeated.
Specifically, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the magnitudes of the first common voltage and the second common voltage applied to each common electrode 24 can be selected to be greater than 3V (i.e., | Vcom- | ≧ 3V, | Vcom + | ≧ 3V), for example, Vcom-is equal to-3.6V, Vcom + is equal to +3.6V, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode 24 and the upper electrode 33 is greater than 3V, and a good narrow viewing angle effect can be achieved.
Second conductive strip 28 applies a reference voltage at wide viewing angles and an ac voltage at narrow viewing angles.
As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the liquid crystal display device further includes a driving circuit 60, and the driving circuit 60 applies a required voltage signal to each of the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30 and the common electrode 24 of the array substrate 20. In order to apply voltage signals to the upper electrodes 33 of the color filter substrate 30, the array substrate 20 may be conducted to the color filter substrate 30 through the conductive adhesive 70 in the peripheral non-display region of the liquid crystal display device, the driving circuit 60 provides the voltage signals to the array substrate 20, and the array substrate 20 applies the voltage signals to the upper electrodes 33 of the color filter substrate 30 through the conductive adhesive 70.
In this embodiment, the voltage for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles is switched from the viewing angle control electrode on the color film substrate side to the common electrode 24 on the array substrate side, in this embodiment, the common electrodes 24 in each row of pixel units are independently arranged, the polarity of the first common voltage in the odd-numbered rows charged on the first conductive stripe 25 is opposite to the polarity of the second common voltage in the even-numbered rows, and the polarity of the common voltage applied to each common electrode 24 is the same as the polarity of the data voltage (Vdata) applied to the row of pixel units covered by the common electrode 24, so that when the row inversion is used in a display, the voltage difference between the pixel electrodes 23 and the common electrodes 24 in two adjacent pixel units with different positive and negative polarities can be the same, thereby improving the problem of inconsistent luminance of the two adjacent pixel units. The first conductive strips 25 are overlapped with the scan lines 21, so that the impedance of the common electrode 24 is reduced, the aperture ratio is increased, and the resolution of the liquid crystal display device is effectively improved.
Furthermore, the pixel electrode 23 and the common electrode 24 are all comb-shaped and located in different layers, and the distance between the pixel electrode and the common electrode can be made small, so that the resolution of the liquid crystal display device is further improved.
[ second embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 10, the difference between the liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in this embodiment, only one first conductive strip 25 connected to the common electrode 24 in each row of pixel units is located at the lower side of the row of pixel units. Other structures of this embodiment can be seen from the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the difference between the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the liquid crystal layer 40 of the present embodiment uses negative liquid crystal molecules. With the technical progress, the performance of the negative liquid crystal is remarkably improved, and the application is more and more extensive. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, in the initial state (i.e., the liquid crystal display device is not applied with any voltage), the negative liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 have a large initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrates 20 and 30, i.e., the negative liquid crystal molecules are in an inclined posture with respect to the substrates 20 and 30 in the initial state.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 11, in the narrow viewing angle mode, in the embodiment, a reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, a first common voltage having a smaller amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the odd-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the first voltage line 201, and a second common voltage having a smaller amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the even-numbered rows through the second voltage line 202, so that voltage differences between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrode 33 are smaller than a first preset value (for example, smaller than 1V). At this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrodes 33 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 is almost unchanged and remains in a tilted posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle viewing light leakage, the contrast ratio is reduced in the oblique viewing direction, and the viewing angle is narrowed, and at this time, the liquid crystal display device realizes narrow viewing angle display.
Specifically, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the reference voltage applied by the upper electrode 33 may be a constant 0V, and the first common voltage and the second common voltage applied to each common electrode may be the same as the reference voltage, that is, both of the first common voltage and the second common voltage are 0V, so that the voltage difference between each common electrode 24 and the upper electrode 33 is zero, and a good narrow viewing angle effect may be achieved.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 12, in the embodiment, in the wide viewing angle mode, a reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, a first common voltage having a larger amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the odd-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the first voltage line 201, and a second common voltage having a larger amplitude than the reference voltage is applied to the common electrodes 24 in the even-numbered rows on the array substrate 20 through the second voltage line 202, so that voltage differences between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrode 33 are greater than a second preset value (for example, greater than 3V), where the second preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value. At this time, because the voltage difference between all the common electrodes 24 and the upper electrodes 33 is large, a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 12) is generated in the liquid crystal cell between the array substrate 20 and the color film substrate 30, and because the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected in the direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 20 and 30 is reduced, the light leakage phenomenon of the liquid crystal display device at an oblique angle is correspondingly reduced, the contrast is improved and the viewing angle is increased in the oblique viewing direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes wide viewing angle display.
Other structures of this embodiment can be seen from the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An array substrate (20) is provided with a plurality of scanning lines (21), a plurality of data lines (22), a plurality of pixel units, a plurality of pixel electrodes (23), a plurality of common electrodes (24), a plurality of first conductive strips (25), a plurality of thin film transistors (26), a first voltage line (201) and a second voltage line (202), wherein the pixel units, the pixel electrodes (23), the common electrodes (24), the first conductive strips and the second voltage line (202) are arranged in an array; the pixel structure is characterized in that a scanning line (21) is arranged between two adjacent rows of pixel units, a data line (22) is arranged between two adjacent columns of pixel units, the pixel electrodes (23) and the common electrodes (24) are respectively arranged in the pixel units, and each pixel unit is internally provided with one pixel electrode (23) and one common electrode (24); the plurality of first conductive strips (25) extend along the direction of the scanning lines (21) and are positioned above the corresponding scanning lines (21) and are overlapped with the scanning lines (21), and the common electrodes (24) in each row of pixel units are connected to the same first conductive strip (25) and are used for applying common voltages with the same polarity as the data voltages applied to the row of pixel units; the plurality of first conductive strips (25) are alternately connected to the first voltage line (201) and the second voltage line (202) in a data line direction; the pixel electrodes (23) in each row of pixel units are alternately connected to the two scanning lines (21) on the upper side and the lower side of the row of pixel units through thin film transistors (26), one of the pixel electrodes (23) in two adjacent pixel units in the same row of pixel units is connected to the left data line (22), the other of the pixel electrodes is connected to the right data line (22), the pixel electrodes (23) in each column of pixel units are alternately connected to the two data lines (22) on the left side and the right side of the column of pixel units through thin film transistors (26), and the pixel electrodes (23) in the same column of pixel units are connected to the upper scanning line (21) or the lower scanning line (21).
2. The array substrate (20) of claim 1, wherein the first conductive strips (25) comprise a first sub-conductive strip (25a) and a second sub-conductive strip (25b), the first sub-conductive strip (25a) is located on one side of each row of pixel units and connected to the common electrode (24) in the row of pixel units, and the second sub-conductive strip (25b) is located on the other side of the row of pixel units and connected to the common electrode (24) in the row of pixel units.
3. The array substrate (20) according to claim 1, wherein the common electrodes (24) are slit-shaped electrodes, and the first conductive strips (25) are made of metal and directly connected to the corresponding common electrodes (24) in a contact manner.
4. The array substrate (20) of claim 3, wherein the pixel electrode (23) is located below the common electrode (24), and the pixel electrode (23) is also a slit-shaped electrode and is interlaced with the pattern of the common electrode (24).
5. The array substrate (20) of claim 4, wherein the array substrate (20) further comprises a plurality of capacitor plates (27), one capacitor plate (27) is disposed in each pixel unit, and the capacitor plates (27) are disposed under the pixel electrodes (23) and have the same pattern as the pixel electrodes (23).
6. The array substrate (20) of claim 5, wherein a plurality of second conductive strips (28) are further disposed on the array substrate (20), the plurality of second conductive strips (28) extend along the scan line (21), are located between the plurality of first conductive strips (25) and the scan line (21), and are overlapped with the scan line (21), and the capacitor plates (27) in each row of pixel units are connected to the same second conductive strip (28).
7. A liquid crystal display device, comprising an array substrate (20), a color filter substrate (30) disposed opposite to the array substrate (20), and a liquid crystal layer (40) disposed between the array substrate (20) and the color filter substrate (30), wherein the array substrate (20) is the array substrate (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the color filter substrate (30) is disposed with an upper electrode (33).
8. A driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, characterized in that the driving method comprises:
in a first viewing angle mode, a reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode (33), a first common voltage with smaller amplitude relative to the reference voltage is applied to the common electrode (24) in each row of pixel units connected with the first voltage line (201) through the first voltage line (201), a second common voltage with smaller amplitude relative to the reference voltage is applied to the common electrode (24) in each row of pixel units connected with the second voltage line (201) through the second voltage line (202), and the voltage difference between all the common electrodes (24) and the upper electrode (33) is smaller than a first preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a reference voltage is applied to the upper electrode (33), a first common voltage with a larger amplitude relative to the reference voltage is applied to the common electrode (24) in each row of pixel units connected with the first voltage line (201) through the first voltage line (201), a second common voltage with a larger amplitude relative to the reference voltage is applied to the common electrode (24) in each row of pixel units connected with the second voltage line (201) through the second voltage line (202), and the voltage difference between all the common electrodes (24) and the upper electrode (33) is larger than a second preset value; wherein the second preset value is greater than or equal to the first preset value.
9. The driving method according to claim 8, wherein in the first view angle mode, the first common voltage and the second common voltage are both the same as the reference voltage; in a second viewing angle mode, the first common voltage and the second common voltage are both alternating current and have opposite polarities.
10. The driving method according to claim 8, wherein the liquid crystal layer (40) employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer (40) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
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