CN108761750A - A kind of Search/Track integration camera - Google Patents
A kind of Search/Track integration camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN108761750A CN108761750A CN201810945438.5A CN201810945438A CN108761750A CN 108761750 A CN108761750 A CN 108761750A CN 201810945438 A CN201810945438 A CN 201810945438A CN 108761750 A CN108761750 A CN 108761750A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0626—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0647—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Search/Track integration cameras.There is the camera wide area search and emphasis to track two kinds of operating modes, the sub- optical system of wide area search work pattern and the optical elements of large caliber of the sub- optical system of emphasis tracking operating mode share, use the moveable optical element switching working mode of complex-curved coenosarc, and ensure the image quality of two kinds of sub- optical systems of operating mode, for wide area search a kind of design scheme is provided with emphasis Tracking Integrative camera, the design scheme combined is matched using polyphaser with emphasis tracking detection imaging system compared to the search of current wide area, design scheme of the present invention can reduce Search/Track detection imaging system instrument volume weight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Optical System Design fields, and a kind of novel design is provided for Search/Track imaging optical system
Thinking.
Background technology
Space-based Search/Track imaging system plays an important role in precise guidance, target following etc..In order to realize
Target wide area reconnaissance probe, it is sufficiently large for detecting the working field of view needs of search camera of target；In order to realize target following
With identification, the imaging detection that high-resolution is carried out to target is needed, to observe target more details.Based on traditional single aperture
The wide area Detection And Tracking system of imaging technique generally using multiple cameras matching cooperation, including one big visual field camera with
One or more tracking camera, realizes the Search/Track of multiple target.Big visual field camera scanning detects target, high resolution camera
By mobile or adjustment focal length to realization of goal high-resolution imaging.Multiple camera matching work can have Search/Track imaging
System bulk is big, position stated accuracy is high between camera, each camera subject matching is difficult with camera Collaborative Control etc..
Off-axis three trans- optical system one dimensional optical imagings plus one can be used in the search camera of space-based acquisition and tracking system
The scanning imagery for tieing up motion, to realize the search of one big visual field.Because its working field of view is big, which at least wraps
Containing the bigger optical mirror of two panels.And track application demand of the camera because of its target following and identification, it is desirable that its resolution ratio
It is higher than search camera resolution.According to the theoretical formula that optical resolution and optics bore are inversely proportional, the resolution ratio of camera is tracked
How many times higher than search camera resolution, the optics bore for tracking camera will be how many times bigger than searching for the bore of camera, therefore,
The optics bore for tracking the optics relative aperture search camera of camera is big.Wide area search is realized using the scheme of polyphaser matching combination
The problem for having the big weight of volume big with emphasis tracking detection imaging system.
Invention content
The present invention is ingenious to utilize two kinds of function phases on the basis of studying big visual field search camera and high-resolution tracks camera
The design feature of machine optical system, the two is combined into one, and forms the optical system of the integrated camera of Search/Track imaging, from
And reduce the volume and weight of wide area search and emphasis tracking detection imaging system.
The present invention discloses a kind of Search/Track integration camera, which there is wide area search and emphasis to track two kinds of works
Operation mode；The large-aperture optical of the sub- optical system of wide area search work pattern and the sub- optical system of emphasis tracking operating mode
Element shares, and the light path of the sub- optical system under two kinds of operating modes is overlapping；Use the movable optics of complex-curved coenosarc
Element switching working mode ensures the image quality of two kinds of operating mode optics systems.
The sub- optical system of wide area search work pattern uses the one-dimensional big off-axis three-reflection optical structure shape of visual field of COOK types
Formula is put down as shown in Figure 1, target beam converges at long alignment coke through A speculums 1, the B1 speculums 2.1 of B elements and C speculums 3
Face 4.A speculums 1, the B1 speculums 2.1 of B elements and C speculums 3 are followed successively by the primary mirror, secondary mirror and three mirrors of three reflecting optical systems,
Wherein, A elements 1 and C-element 3 are two large-aperture optical mirror elements.In the pattern, A elements 1 are that target beam energy is received
Collect element.
The sub- optical system of emphasis tracking operating mode is based on the similar R-C systems that two anti-systems add rear light path system
Axis optical structure, as shown in Figure 1, including A speculums 1, the B2 speculums 2.2 of B elements and B3 speculums 2.3, C speculums
3 and optical element 5, emphasis tracing area target beam face is converged at by optical system after 3 collection of energy of A elements 1 and C-element
Battle array focal plane 6, wherein A elements 1 and C-element 3 are the master lens systems of the operating mode optics system here.Due to A elements 1 and C
Element 3 is not necessarily the optical reflection mirror element of coplanar shape, therefore it includes two kinds of complicated faces that matched secondary mirror system, which is,
The B2 speculums 2.2 of shape and the complicated optical reflection element of B3 speculums 2.3 have multiple degree of freedom.
B elements include B1 speculums (2.1), B2 speculums (2.2), B3 speculums (2.3) and motion (2.4)
The optical element of multiple complex-curved face shape coenosarcs, the physics between 3 liang of A speculums 1, B elements 2 and C speculums two elements are empty
Between be two kinds of operating mode optics systems shared area of space, i.e. optical system and the wide area of emphasis tracking operating mode are searched for
The optical system light path of operating mode is overlapping.
In the course of work, using movable complex-curved face shape coenosarc optics B element switching working modes, ensure two kinds
The image quality of operating mode optics system.Its concrete structure and implementation method is to translate or rotate by motion (2.4) etc.
The position of the mobile B elements (2) of operation, enables B1 speculums 2.1 meet wide area search work with A speculums 1 and the composition of C speculums 3
The sub- optical system that pattern image quality requires, makes camera be in wide area search work pattern, enables B2 speculums 2.2 and B3 speculums
2.3 meet the sub- optical system that emphasis tracking operating mode image quality requires with A speculums 1, C speculums 3 and with the composition of optical element 5
System makes camera be in emphasis tracking operating mode.
According to the design feature of wide visual field three-reflection optical system, aperture diaphragm is placed on the B elements as secondary mirror
At 2.1 position of B1 speculums, the effective aperture of optical system is less than the short side dimension of the A speculums 1 as its primary mirror, according to two
Anti- system adds the design feature of rear light path system, aperture diaphragm to be placed on 3 position of A elements 1 and C-element as master lens system
Place, the effective aperture of optical system are equal to the equivalent bore that A elements 1 and C-element 3 form, it can be seen that tracing mode optical system
The bore of the effective aperture great-than search mode optical system of system, as shown in Figure 4.According to optical system optics angular resolution θ with
Inversely θ=1.22 λ/D, the spatial resolution for obtaining tracing mode optical system are higher than search pattern light to optics bore D
The spatial resolution of system.
Search/Track integration camera based on the present invention is positioned over orientation and pitching two-dimensional high precision motion platform
Orientation is configured on (satellite platform either Two Dimensional Rotating adjustable platform) or in front of camera and pitching two dimensional reflection scarnning mirror refers to
To mechanism, enable two-dimensional stage or mechanism that camera is coordinated to realize big visual field search and following function.Under search pattern, linear field camera
It realizes one dimensional optical imaging, is scanned perpendicular to linear field direction by two-dimensional stage or mechanism, realize the big visual field search of bidimensional,
Obtain search image (such as Fig. 5 left figures).It stays in search image after obtaining object to be measured, camera switches to tracing mode, and borrows
Assisted two-dimensional platform or mechanism are positioned camera working field of view is tracked to object to be measured region, and target is followed to move, and track camera
With relatively small working field of view, but resolution ratio is relatively high, can get tracking image (such as Fig. 5 right figures), meet target with
Track and identification demand.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is wide area search and emphasis Tracking Integrative camera figure.
Fig. 2 is the sub- optical system diagram of search work pattern.
Fig. 3 is the tracking sub- optical system diagram of operating mode.
Fig. 4 is that optics bore uses schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is wide area search image and region high-resolution emphasis tracking image schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is Search/Track integration camera main-body optical element minute surface relative position layout.
Fig. 7 is search camera figure.
Fig. 8 is search camera optical system figure of optical lens preferred embodiment.
Fig. 9 is tracking camera figure.
Figure 10 is tracking camera optical system figure of optical lens preferred embodiment, and figure (a) is the light path image quality disperse using A elements 1 as primary mirror
Spot figure, figure (b) are the light path image quality figure of optical lens preferred embodiment using C-element 3 as primary mirror.
Specific implementation mode
Based on the solution of the present invention mentality of designing, designs scanning search and Tracking Integrative camera optical system is a set of.It should
Camera is made of off-axis three reflecting optical system of COOK types and similar R-C optical systems, the relative position of system body optical element
Relational layout figure is as shown in fig. 6, A elements 1 and C-element 3 are off-axis high order aspheric surface speculums.B elements 2 are made of four parts,
Including searching for the free form surface B1 speculums 2.1 of camera, tracking camera matches the free form surface B2 speculums used with A elements 1
2.2, the free form surface B3 speculums 2.3 used and motion 2.4 are matched with C-element 1.Camera is operated in search pattern
When, motion system 2.4 is in position shown in figure, and when camera is operated in tracing mode, motion system 2.4 is instantaneous
Needle is rotated by 90 °.
The off-axis three reflecting optical systems design result of camera COOK types is searched for as shown in fig. 7, the search sub- optical system knot of camera
Structure parameter is as shown in the table.Optical system picture element is as shown in Figure 8.The optical field of view of the search system is 14 degree, and angular resolution is
1.2E-4rad。
Table 1：Search for camera sub-light system structure parameter
| Parameter | Primary mirror A elements (1) | Secondary mirror B1 speculums (2.1) | Three mirror C-elements (3) |
| Face type | Even aspheric surface | Even aspheric surface | Even aspheric surface |
| Radius of curvature/mm | -224.322 | -113.857 | -221.260 |
| Mirror spacing/mm | -66.665 | 66.655 | -65.240 |
| Radius/mm | 62.292 | 10.657 | 44.762 |
| Conic | -3.734 | -19.540 | 4.781 |
| 4 rank term system numerical value | -2.455E-008 | -1.319E-006 | 1.587E-007 |
| 6 rank term system numerical value | 4.795E-013 | 1.237E-009 | 1.910E-011 |
| 8 rank term system numerical value | / | / | 4.105E-015 |
Tracking camera, the results are shown in Figure 9 similar to the Optical System Design of R-C, and the master lens system of the wherein system includes A
Element 1 and C-element 3, and shared with search camera, parameter is as shown in table 1, and secondary mirror system is used by being matched with A elements 1
B2 speculums 2.2 match the composition of B3 speculums 2.3 used with C-element 1, and structural parameters are as shown in table 2 below.Track camera
Sub- optical system picture element is as shown in Figure 10, wherein (a) is the light path image quality using A elements 1 as primary mirror, is (b) to be made with C-element 3
For the light path image quality of primary mirror.The visual field of the tracking system is 0.1 degree, angular resolution 5.6E-5rad.
Table 2：Track the secondary mirror system structure parameter of the sub- optical system of camera
| Parameter | Secondary mirror B2 speculums (2.2) | Secondary mirror B3 speculums (2.3) |
| Radius of curvature/mm | 33.000 | 23.500 |
| Away from primary mirror spacing/mm | 130.000 | 125.000 |
| Quadratic surface coefficient | 128.954 | -66.162 |
| Two-term coefficient value | -2.806E-004 | 1.794E-004 |
| Four term system numerical value | -1.109E-003 | 2.950E-004 |
| Six term system numerical value | 1.986E-005 | -2.197E-006 |
| Eight term system numerical value | 5.958E-006 | / |
| Ten term system numerical value | 2.578E-007 | / |
| Ten two-term coefficient values | -2.087E-007 | / |
| 14 term system numerical value | 9.723E-009 | / |
| 16 term system numerical value | -9.672E-010 | / |
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Search/Track integration camera, it is characterised in that：
Sub- optical system of the Search/Track integration camera under wide area search work pattern tracks work with emphasis
Sub- optical system under pattern shares optical elements of large caliber；What the light path of the sub- optical system under two kinds of operating modes overlapped
Specific constructive form is：The sub- optical system of wide area search work pattern is the B1 reflections comprising A speculums (1), B elements (2)
The COOK type three-mirror reflective optical systems of mirror (2.1) and C speculums (3), wide area target beam is through A speculums (1) collection of energy
Long Linear FPA (4) is converged at by optical system afterwards；The sub- optical system of emphasis tracking operating mode is comprising A speculums
(1), the B2 speculums (2.2) of B elements (2) are tied with the similar R-C of B3 speculums (2.3), C speculums (3) and optical element (5)
The optical system of structure, emphasis tracing area light beam are converged after A speculums (1) and C speculums (3) collection of energy by optical system
In face battle array focal plane (6)；A speculums (1), B elements (2) and C speculums (3) are what two kinds of sub- optical systems of operating mode shared
Optical element, the physical space between (3) two two elements of A speculums (1), B elements (2) and C speculums is two kinds of operating modes
The shared area of space of sub- optical system；
The B elements (2) be include B1 speculums (2.1), B2 speculums (2.2), B3 speculums (2.3) and motion
(2.4) optical element of multiple complex-curved face shape coenosarcs, is translated by motion (2.4) or B is moved in the operations such as rotation
The position of element (2) enables B1 speculums (2.1) meet wide area search work pattern with A speculums (1) and C speculums (3) composition
The optical system that image quality requires, makes camera be in wide area search work pattern, enables B2 speculums (2.2) and B3 speculums (2.3)
Meet the optical system that emphasis tracking operating mode image quality requires with A speculums (1), C speculums (3) and optical element (5) composition
System makes camera be in emphasis tracking operating mode.
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| CN201810945438.5A CN108761750B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Search and tracking integrated camera |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110941075A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-31 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Reflective optical system and installation and adjustment testing method thereof |
| CN114185162A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-15 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Simple search and tracking integrated optical system |
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| CN114185162A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-15 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Simple search and tracking integrated optical system |
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