CN108761351A - Three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method based on SVPWM sector numbers - Google Patents
Three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method based on SVPWM sector numbers Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method based on SVPWM sector numbers, by the sector number signal for acquiring SVPWM, therefrom extract the abnormal sector number being out of order when occurring, in conjunction with the correspondence between sector number and each power switch tube, the detection of rectifier open fault and the positioning of breakdown switch pipe are realized.The present invention can detect rectifier and open fault occurs in time, accurately be positioned to single tube or multitube that open fault occurs；In addition the method for the present invention is simply easily achieved, and dynamic property is preferable, does not need additional hardware facility, does not also need additional computational methods, portable stronger.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method based on SVPWM sector numbers, belongs to rectifier
Open fault diagnostic techniques.
Background technology
With the development of power electronic technique, Three-Phase PWM Rectifier has input current, the energy bidirectional flow of sineization
The features such as dynamic, adjustable DC voltage, at sea in wind-power electricity generation, New-energy electric vehicle etc., large-power occasions field obtains
Extensive use.In wind generator system reliability consideration, correlation study shows power rectifier due to needing in adverse circumstances
Under long lasting for work and the unreliability of its gate signal, cause it to become and be easiest to the device that breaks down.Power
Rectifier fault is divided into gate signal miss fault, short trouble and open fault.Between gate signal miss fault is usually
Having a rest property, it may be to leading to of short duration short trouble or open fault；Short trouble will produce electric current and uprush phenomenon, general meeting
It connects in circuit quick acting fuse, short trouble is made to become open fault, to reduce the damage to system；Although open fault is not
The problems such as leading to system Transient Damages, but three-phase current distortion, DC voltage pulsation can be caused.No matter power is whole as a result,
It flows device and any failure occurs, finally can all be converted to open fault, this requires systems rapidly and accurately to detect out
Road failure simultaneously positions breakdown switch pipe.
Power rectifier open fault diagnostic method majority can only be realized in the case where determining wind speed or relatively stablizing at present
Fault diagnosis is carried out, and poor to the locating effect of multitube failure, can be divided into from the angle of detection variable：Based on the magnitude of current
Diagnostic method and diagnostic method based on voltage.Although the diagnostic method based on the magnitude of current need not increase additional hardware
Equipment, but it is larger by load effect, preferable judgement can not be made for some small current systems, thus generally require and pass through
Additional algorithm or control method makes improvements；Although the diagnostic method based on voltage can faster make instead
It answers, but generally requires additional hardware facility such as voltage sensor, increase the cost and structural complexity of system.Cause
This needs to develop new method for (such as in wind generator system) power rectifier open fault in more complex environment, solution
The problems such as certainly existing diagnostic method dynamic property is poor, algorithm is complicated, larger, hardware cost is high by load effect.
Invention content
For existing rectifier open fault diagnostic method can only detect single tube failure, dynamic property be poor, calculation amount compared with
Greatly, the problems such as cost is higher, larger by load effect, the present invention propose that a kind of three-phase rectifier based on SVPWM sector numbers is opened
Road method for diagnosing faults, reduces algorithm complexity and hardware cost, improves the dynamic property of diagnosis and the robust to load
Property.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is：A kind of three-phase rectifier open circuit event based on SVPWM sector numbers
Hinder diagnostic method, includes the following steps：
Step 1, acquisition N values corresponding with SVPWM sector numbers (control algolithm by generating IGBT gate signals generates).
Step 2 counts sustained N values (1-6), obtains diagnostic variable.
Step 3 judges whether diagnostic variable is more than the threshold value of setting, if so, allow mark position 1 corresponding to the N values,
Otherwise it sets to 0.
Step 4 repeats step 1-3 within one three-phase voltage primitive period of system operation, when system operation a to week
When the phase, abnormal N values (1-6) are determined by six flag bits, use N*Record (0-6, if N*It is zero and indicates fault-free region, i.e.,
No marks position 1), and diagnostic variable and flag bit are reset.
Step 5, by the correspondence of N values and sector number, by abnormal N values (i.e. N*Value) be converted to abnormal sector number
(0-6, wherein 0 represents fault-free region).
Step 6, by the mapping table between sector number and power switch tube, to the single tube of open fault or more occurs
Pipe is accurately positioned.Into next system three-phase voltage primitive period.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is：1) detection variable of the invention is N corresponding with sector number
Value, the N values be by system itself generate IGBT gate signals control algolithm generate, because without additional detection algorithm with
Additional hardware device；2) present invention uses periodical diagnostic method, and performance of dynamic tracking is preferable, and each period can be automatic
Update power rectifier operating status；3) present invention need to only be handled the N values of acquisition, so fault location algorithm is very simple
It is single；4) present invention is according to the correspondence between N values, sector number and breakdown switch pipe, can realize to single tube open fault and
Multitube open fault carries out accurate quickly positioning.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is direct drive permanent magnetic synchronous wind generating system side structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is direct drive permanent magnetic synchronous wind generating system pusher side control of the present invention and fault diagnosis block diagram.
Fig. 3 is fundamental space voltage vector and sector chart in α, β two-phase stationary coordinate system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method the present invention is based on SVPWM sector numbers.
Fig. 5 is wind speed change curve of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is present invention N values images, exception N when normal operation before 1 second*It is fixed to be worth image, abnormal sector image and failure
Bitmap, wherein (a) is the acquisition waveform of N values；(b) be through with N value curves (i.e. N abnormal after threshold decision*Value, 0 indicates to be no different
Normal N values)；(c) it is abnormal sector number curve (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception)；(d) it is fault location result.
N values image, exception N when single tube open fault occur for S1 switching tubes when Fig. 7 is 1 second of the invention*It is worth image, abnormal fan
Area's image and fault location figure, wherein (a) is the acquisition waveform of N values；(b) be through with N value curves abnormal after threshold decision
(i.e. N*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception)；(c) it is abnormal sector number curve (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception)；(d) it is failure
Positioning result.
N values image, exception N when multitube open fault occur for S1, S3 switching tube when Fig. 8 is 2 seconds of the invention*It is worth image, different
Normal sector image and fault location figure, wherein (a) is the acquisition waveform of N values；(b) be through with N values abnormal after threshold decision
Curve (i.e. N*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception)；(c) it is abnormal sector number curve (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception)；(d) it is
Fault location result.
S1, S3 restore normal work when Fig. 9 is 3 seconds of the invention, and N values image, exception N when single tube open fault occur for S5*
It is worth image, abnormal sector image and fault location figure, wherein (a) is the acquisition waveform of N values；(b) be through with after threshold decision
Abnormal N value curves (i.e. N*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception)；(c) it is that (0-6,0 indicates sector without exception to abnormal sector number curve
Number)；(d) it is fault location result.
All switching tubes restore N values image, exception N when normal work when Figure 10 is the present invention 4 seconds*It is worth image, abnormal fan
Area's image and fault location figure, wherein (a) is the acquisition waveform of N values；(b) be through with N value curves abnormal after threshold decision
(i.e. N*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception)；(c) it is abnormal sector number curve (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception)；(d) it is failure
Positioning result.
Figure label explanation：6 power switch tubes in S1-S6 Three-Phase PWM Rectifiers, D1-D6 Three-Phase PWM Rectifiers 6
Fly-wheel diode, F1-F6 are 6 thermo-fuses of Three-Phase PWM Rectifier, and C is DC side filter capacitor.Three-phase current ia,ib,icFor
The three-phase current that magneto alternator generates, vwFor natural wind speed size, ωmFor magneto alternator angular speed, TmFor wind
The torque provided is taken turns, θ is three-phase current electrical angle, id,iqFor the given value of current value under dq two-phase rotating coordinate systems,For dq
Current feedback values under two-phase rotating coordinate system,For motor torque value of feedback,For under α, β two-phase stationary coordinate system
Target voltage.
Specific implementation method
Scheme is further illustrated the present invention in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is direct drive permanent magnetic synchronous wind generating system side structure figure, and the present invention only considers power switch tube
Failure, acquiescence are still worked normally with its antiparallel diode.Fig. 2 gives direct drive permanent magnetic synchronous wind generating system pusher side
Control and fault diagnosis block diagram, target α β plane voltagesAfter being input to SVPWM control modules, the control of 6 tunnels on the one hand can be generated
On the other hand the signal of IGBT gate poles break-make processed will produce N values corresponding with SVPWM sector numbers.Fig. 3 is α, β two-phase of the present invention
Fundamental space voltage vector in rest frame and sector chart.Based on above-mentioned theory, the present invention proposes a kind of based on SVPWM fans
The three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method of area code, by detecting N values corresponding with sector number, carrying out fault diagnosis and determining
Position, flow is as shown in figure 4, steps are as follows：
Step 1, acquisition N values corresponding with SVPWM sector numbers, N values are generated by the control algolithm for generating IGBT gate signals,
The part SVPWM control algolithms for wherein generating N values are as follows：
Define linear transformation：
Wherein Ua、Ub、UcFor the parameter that stator three-phase voltage, motor control part have measured, thus carrying out open circuit therefore
It is measured without adding additional hardware equipment when barrier diagnosis.Tri- sign functions of A, B, C are re-defined, take 1 or 0.Work as U1>0
When, A=1, on the contrary it is 0；Work as U2>When 0, B=1, on the contrary it is 0；Work as U3>When 0, C=1, on the contrary it is 0.In this way, 6 can be combined into
Kind state (the case where ABC is 1 or 0 simultaneously is not present), the expression formula for defining N values is：
N=A+2B+4C
The desirable value of N values is integer 1-6.
Step 2 carries out counting to get diagnostic variable to sustained N values (1-6).N values are the operations with synchronous motor
State changes and changes, but since the sampling time of N values is very short, therefore can consider within a sampling time of N values, together
The operating status of step motor is constant, so N values will appear persistently identical situation, the present invention is needed to persistently identical N
Value is counted, and diagnostic variable i.e. count value is obtained.
Step 3 judges whether diagnostic variable (count value) is more than the threshold value being arranged.If so, allowing mark corresponding to the N values
Will position 1, otherwise sets to 0.Open fault occurs for power switch tube compared with normal operation, since voltage vector cannot compensate,
Therefore 3 times or more can be had more to the counting of persistently identical N values.Most directly reaction is exactly to work as power switch in N value oscillograms
When open fault occurs for pipe, N value images will appear longer one section of waveform, as shown in Fig. 6 to Figure 10.Threshold value selection can basisIt is selected, wherein tsContinue the identical N values duration when being up, S is interior to institute for a cycle
There are the counting total value of N values, TsIt is a cycle duration.The threshold value that the present invention chooses is 500.
Step 4 repeats step 1-3 within one three-phase voltage primitive period of system operation, when system operation a to week
When the phase, abnormal N values (1-6) are determined by six flag bits, with N* records (0-6 indicates fault-free region if N* is zero,
That is no marks position 1), and diagnostic variable and flag bit are reset.
Step 5, by the correspondence of N values and sector number, abnormal N values (i.e. N* values) are converted into abnormal sector number
(0-6, wherein 0 represents fault-free region).N values and sector number correspondence are as shown in table 1.
1 N values of table table corresponding with sector number
| N | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Sector number | 2 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 |
Step 6, by the mapping table between sector number and power switch tube, to the single tube of open fault or more occurs
Pipe is accurately positioned.System enters next system three-phase voltage primitive period.When open fault occurs, breakdown switch pipe, N
Value, sector number and corresponding switching tube dbjective state are as shown in table 2, table 3.
Breakdown switch pipe, N values, sector number correspondence when 2 single tube failure of table
| N values | 3,2 | 1,5 | 4,6 | 4,5 | 2,6 | 1,3 |
| Sector number | 1,6 | 2,3 | 4,5 | 4,3 | 6,5 | 2,1 |
| Breakdown switch pipe | S1 | S3 | S5 | S4 | S6 | S2 |
Breakdown switch pipe, N values, sector number correspondence when 3 multitube failure of table
| N values | Sector number | Breakdown switch pipe |
| 2,3,4,5 | 6,1,3,4 | S1,S4 |
| 1,2,5,6 | 2,3,5,6 | S3,S6 |
| 1,3,4,6 | 1,2,4,5 | S5,S2 |
| 1,2,3,5 | 6,1,2,3 | S1,S3 |
| 2,3,4,6 | 4,5,6,1 | S1,S5 |
| 1,4,5,6 | 2,3,4,5 | S3,S5 |
| 2,4,5,6 | 3,4,5,6 | S4,S6 |
| 1,3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4 | S4,S2 |
| 1,2,3,6 | 5,6,1,2 | S6,S2 |
| 2,3,6 | 5,6,1 | S1,S6 |
| 1,2,3 | 6,1,2 | S1,S2 |
| 1,4,5 | 2,3,4 | S3,S4 |
| 1,3,5 | 1,2,3 | S3,S2 |
| 4,5,6 | 3,4,5 | S5,S4 |
| 2,4,6 | 4,5,6 | S5,S6 |
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is the dynamic property and stability for embodying the present invention, and setting wind speed is change wind speed, as shown in figure 5,
And following setting is done to system power switching tube operating status：0-1 seconds, 6 power switch tubes worked normally；1-2 seconds, S1
Single tube open fault occurs for pipe；2-3 seconds, multitube open fault occurred for S1, S3 pipe；3-4 seconds, S1, S3 pipe restored normal work, S5
Single tube open fault occurs for pipe；4-5 seconds, all power switch tubes were restored to work normally.It is specific as follows：
0-1 seconds：System normal operation, the acquisition waveform of N values, through with N values (i.e. N abnormal after threshold decision*Value, 0 indicates
N values without exception), abnormal sector number (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception) and fault location it is as shown in Figure 6.It can be with from figure
Find out when systems are functioning properly, occur without longer N values waveform, therefore N*Value and abnormal sector number are all 0, and fault location is aobvious
Show 0, i.e., occurs without open fault.
1-2 seconds：S1 switching tubes occur single tube open fault, the acquisition waveform of N values, through with N values abnormal after threshold decision
(i.e. N*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception), abnormal sector number (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception) and fault location such as Fig. 7 institutes
Show.It can be seen from the figure that when S1 switching tubes occur open fault when, N values acquire waveform compared with normal waveform will appear one section compared with
Long waveform, here it is abnormal N values, use N*Value is recorded, respectively：2,3；It is corresponding exception sector number be：1,6；Therefore
Hinder locating and displaying 1, that is, is diagnosed to be S1 pipes and open fault occurs.
2-3 seconds：S1 pipes are still within open fault state, while open fault, acquisition waveform, the warp of N values occur for S3 pipes
With N values (i.e. N abnormal after threshold decision*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception), (0-6,0 indicates sector without exception to abnormal sector number
Number) and fault location it is as shown in Figure 8.As can be seen that exception N values increase, while N*Value becomes：1,2,3,5；It is corresponding different
Often sector number is：1,2,3,6；Fault location shows 13, that is, is diagnosed to be S1, S3 pipe while open fault occurs.
3-4 seconds：S1, S3 pipe restore normal work, and single tube open fault, acquisition waveform, warp and the threshold value of N values occur for S4 pipes
Abnormal N values (i.e. N after judgement*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception), abnormal sector number (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception) and
Fault location is as shown in Figure 9.As can be seen that exception N values are changed, N*Value becomes：4,6；It is corresponding exception sector number be：
4,5；Fault location shows 5, i.e. open fault occurs for S5 pipes.
4-5 seconds：All switching tubes restore to work normally, the acquisition waveform of N values, through with N values abnormal after threshold decision
(i.e. N*Value, 0 indicates N values without exception), abnormal sector number (0-6,0 indicates sector number without exception) and fault location such as Figure 10
It is shown.As can be seen that N values without exception occur, N*Value becomes：0；It is corresponding exception sector number be：0；Fault location shows 0, i.e.,
All switching tubes restore to work normally.
From the present embodiment as can be seen that the present invention can track the operating status of power switch tube in time, dynamic property compared with
Good, on the one hand whether just the benefit done so can need not restart system, so that it may to find out it after power switch tube reparation
Often work；On the other hand, it can be determined that it is permanent open fault to occur, or drawn by gate signal missing to go out power switch tube
The intermittent open fault risen facilitates maintenance personal to formulate maintenance program.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method based on SVPWM sector numbers, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
Suddenly：
Step 1, acquisition N values corresponding with SVPWM sector numbers；
Step 2 counts sustained N values, determines diagnostic variable.
Step 3 judges whether diagnostic variable is more than the threshold value of setting, if so, allowing mark position 1 corresponding to the N values, otherwise
It sets to 0；
Step 4 repeats step 1-3 within one three-phase voltage primitive period of system operation, when system operation is to a cycle,
Abnormal N values are determined by six flag bits, use N*Record；
Step 5, by the correspondence of N values and sector number, by N*Value is converted to abnormal sector number；
Step 6, by the mapping table between sector number and power switch tube, to occur open fault single tube or multitube into
Row is accurately positioned.
2. the three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method according to claim 1 based on SVPWM sector numbers, feature exist
In the N values of step 1 are generated by the control algolithm for generating IGBT gate signals, wherein generating the part SVPWM control algolithms of N values
It is as follows：
Define linear transformation：
Wherein Ua、Ub、UcFor stator three-phase voltage；
Define tri- sign functions of A, B, C：Work as U1>When 0, A=1, on the contrary it is 0；Work as U2>When 0, B=1, on the contrary it is 0；Work as U3>0
When, C=1, on the contrary it is 0, it is not present due to ABC while the case where being 1 or 0, can so be combined into 6 kinds of states；
Define N values expression formula be：
N=A+2B+4C
The desirable value of N values is integer 1-6.
3. the three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method according to claim 1 based on SVPWM sector numbers, feature exist
In the threshold value that step 3 is arranged isWherein tsContinue the identical N values duration when being up, S mono-
To the counting total value of all N values, T in a periodsIt is a cycle duration.
4. the three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method according to claim 1 based on SVPWM sector numbers, feature exist
In N values and sector number correspondence are as shown in table 1 in step 5:
1 N values of table table corresponding with sector number
5. the three-phase rectifier open fault diagnostic method according to claim 1 based on SVPWM sector numbers, feature exist
In N values, sector number and breakdown switch pipe correspondence are as shown in table 2, table 3 in step 6：
Breakdown switch pipe, N values, sector number correspondence when 2 single tube failure of table
Breakdown switch pipe, N values, sector number correspondence when 3 multitube failure of table
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| CN111537914A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏大学 | Open-circuit fault detection method for power tube of three-phase inverter |
| CN114167303A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-11 | 武汉大学 | Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for power switch device of three-phase three-level rectifier |
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