CN108760687B - Laser scattering oil fume monitor - Google Patents
Laser scattering oil fume monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760687B CN108760687B CN201810306630.XA CN201810306630A CN108760687B CN 108760687 B CN108760687 B CN 108760687B CN 201810306630 A CN201810306630 A CN 201810306630A CN 108760687 B CN108760687 B CN 108760687B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
Abstract
The invention provides a laser scattering oil fume monitor, which utilizes a spectroscope to divide a laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam, wherein the detection beam is used for detecting the oil fume concentration, and the correction beam is used for correcting the light source intensity. The detection part of the laser scattering oil smoke monitor provided by the invention is arranged outside the exhaust pipe, so that the influence of high-temperature and high-humidity oil smoke substances in the exhaust pipe is avoided, the service life of the sensor is prolonged, the influence by the field environment is small, the anti-pollution capability is strong, meanwhile, the self-correction function is realized, the double-optical-path system can perform self-correction on light intensity fluctuation of a light source caused by environmental change, and the accuracy of a detection result is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil smoke monitoring, in particular to a laser scattering oil smoke monitor.
Background
With the rapid development of the catering industry, the oil smoke pollution problem is increasingly prominent, and the oil smoke pollution problem becomes one of the hot spots of environmental complaints. Routine monitoring of catering oil smoke pollution is also receiving increasing attention from the industry.
Because the oil smoke in the catering industry is discharged discontinuously, the concentration is high and low, the traditional detection method has high requirements on field test conditions, samples need to be brought back to a laboratory for analysis, and the detection period is long. Therefore, it is urgent to find a quick and real-time detection method suitable for the oil smoke field in the catering industry. At present, the common oil smoke detector installed on an emission site mostly adopts an electrochemical principle, an electrochemical sensor is arranged in a smoke channel, an output signal is greatly influenced by the temperature, the humidity and the change of the flow rate of smoke in a smoke exhaust pipeline, the electrochemical sensor is required to be in contact with the smoke when detecting the concentration of the oil smoke, the oil smoke detector is easily polluted by the oil smoke, and the detection precision of the oil smoke is difficult to guarantee.
The existing laser detection system needs to adopt a light source with stable light intensity and high precision, but the light source is expensive and needs high cost. When a common laser with lower price is used as a light source, the light intensity of the common laser fluctuates, so that the system cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a laser scattering oil fume monitor, which solves the problem of unstable light intensity of a common laser when measuring oil fume concentration.
The invention provides a laser scattering oil fume monitor, which comprises a machine body, wherein a laser light source, a spectroscope, a first light receiver, a second light receiver and an output processor are arranged in the machine body;
the laser light source is used for emitting laser beams;
the spectroscope is used for dividing the laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam, one end of the machine body is provided with an opening, and the detection beam is emitted from the opening when the monitor works;
the first optical receiver is used for receiving scattered light and converting the scattered light into a first electric signal, and the scattered light is formed by irradiating oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline by the detection light beam;
the second optical receiver is used for receiving the correction light beam and converting the correction light beam into a second electric signal;
and the output processor is used for calculating the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline according to the first electric signal and the second electric signal.
Preferably, the opening is connected with a flow equalizing cylinder, the flow equalizing cylinder is cylindrical, small holes are uniformly distributed in the cylinder wall, and the aperture of each small hole is 2-15 mm;
when the monitor works, the detection light beams and the scattered light received by the first light receiver pass through the flow equalizing cylinder.
Preferably, one end of the flow equalizing cylinder, which is far away from the machine body, is provided with a darkroom, and a small hole is reserved in the darkroom, so that the detection light beam enters the darkroom from the small hole.
Preferably, the first light receiver comprises a first light sensor and a convex lens, the convex lens is in front of the first light sensor, and the center of the first light sensor is on the main optical axis of the convex lens.
Preferably, the optical receiver further comprises a purge air hole which is arranged in front of the first optical receiver;
when the monitor works, the purge gas hole outputs stable airflow to block oil smoke from polluting the first light receiver.
Preferably, the detection light beam split by the beam splitter forms an angle of 1-25 degrees with the main optical axis of the convex lens.
Preferably, the laser light source comprises a laser diode emitter, the emission power comprises 10mW to 250mW, and the wavelength range comprises 400nm to 1000 nm.
Preferably, the beam splitter comprises a polarizing beam splitter or a non-polarizing beam splitter, and the splitting ratio ranges from 1: 99-1: 1.
preferably, the output processor comprises a data output interface;
the data output interface is connected with a computing device and used for sending the oil smoke concentration to the computing device.
Preferably, a fixing flange is further arranged on the machine body.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting a soot concentration is further provided, including:
the laser scattering lampblack monitor generates laser beams through a laser light source;
dividing the laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam by a spectroscope, wherein the detection beam irradiates oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline and then generates scattered light;
receiving the scattered light by a first optical receiver and converting the scattered light into a first electrical signal; receiving the correction beam by a second optical receiver and converting the correction beam into a second electrical signal;
processing the second electric signal through an output processor to calculate a light intensity change value of the laser light source; performing compensation correction on the first electric signal by using the light intensity change value to obtain a corrected first electric signal;
and processing the corrected first electric signal by utilizing the relation of oil smoke concentration-scattered light intensity, and calculating the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline.
The invention provides a laser scattering oil fume monitor, which utilizes a spectroscope to divide a laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam, wherein the detection beam is used for detecting the oil fume concentration, and the correction beam is used for correcting the light source intensity. The detection part of the laser scattering oil smoke monitor provided by the invention is arranged outside the exhaust pipe, so that the influence of high-temperature and high-humidity oil smoke substances in the exhaust pipe is avoided, the service life of the sensor is prolonged, the influence by the field environment is small, the anti-pollution capability is strong, meanwhile, the self-correction function is realized, the double-optical-path system can perform self-correction on light intensity fluctuation of a light source caused by environmental change, and the accuracy of a detection result is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser scattering lampblack monitor according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the results of the method for detecting the concentration of oil smoke according to the present invention and the national standard method.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a laser scattering lampblack monitor, which comprises a machine body, wherein a laser light source 4, a spectroscope 7, a first light receiver, a second light receiver 2 and an output processor 6 are arranged in the machine body;
a laser light source 4 for emitting a laser beam;
the spectroscope 7 is used for dividing the laser beam into a detection beam 9 and a correction beam 8, one end of the machine body is provided with an opening, and the detection beam 9 is emitted from the opening when the monitor works;
the first optical receiver is used for receiving scattered light 10 and converting the scattered light 10 into a first electric signal, and the scattered light 10 is formed by irradiating oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline by a detection light beam 9;
a second optical receiver 2 for receiving the correction light beam 8 and converting the correction light beam 8 into a second electrical signal;
and the output processor 6 is used for calculating the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline according to the first electric signal and the second electric signal.
In this embodiment, the laser scattering oil smoke monitor is mainly used for monitoring the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline. The laser scattering oil smoke monitor comprises a machine body, wherein a laser light source 4, a spectroscope 7, a first light receiver, a second light receiver 2 and an output processor 6 are arranged in the machine body. The machine body is a shell of the monitor and is used for fixing the positions of all the components. The first photo sensor 1 and the second photo receiver 2 are connected to an output processor 6 through necessary circuits or communication lines, respectively. The laser light source 4 and the output processor 6 are connected to a regulated power supply 14 through circuits, respectively.
The detection part of the laser scattering oil fume monitor is arranged outside the smoke exhaust pipeline. One end of the machine body is open, and meanwhile, a through hole is formed in the smoke exhaust pipeline, and the opening is opposite to the through hole, so that the detection light beam 9 split by the spectroscope 7 irradiates into the smoke exhaust pipeline through the through hole. Usually, the opening is also connected with a flow equalizer, and the flow equalizer is arranged inside the smoke exhaust pipeline.
When the laser scattering oil fume monitor works, the laser light source 4 is firstly lightened to generate laser beams. The laser beam passes through the beam splitter 7 and is divided into two beams, namely a detection beam 9 and a correction beam 8. The detection beam 9 is used to illuminate the smoke matter within the smoke exhaust duct to produce scattered light 10. The correction beam 8 is used to monitor the light source intensity variations.
The detection light beam 9 is emitted into the flow equalizing cylinder 11 and forms scattered light 10 after being scattered by the oil smoke substances in the flow equalizing cylinder 11. The scattered light 10 impinges on a first light receiver. The first optical receiver comprises two parts, one part being a convex lens 5 for converging the scattered light 10 and the other part being a first light sensor 1 for converting the received scattered light 10 into a first electrical signal. The intensity of the first electrical signal becomes greater as the intensity of the scattered light 10 increases.
The correction beam 8 is received by the second light receiver 2. The second optical receiver 2 converts the received correction light beam 8 into a second electrical signal. The intensity of the second electrical signal becomes larger as the intensity of the correction beam 8 increases. Since the correction beam 8 is directly split off from the laser beam, its intensity is proportional to the laser beam. Therefore, the intensity of the laser beam generated by the laser source 4 can be known by detecting the intensity of the correction beam 8, and the intensity change of the detection beam 9 can be obtained. The second optical receiver 2 detects the magnitude and change of the light intensity of the correction beam 8, compares the detected magnitude and change with the initial reference light intensity, and then performs compensation correction on the first electrical signal. The initial reference light intensity of the laser beam may be set to 1, the light intensity of the correction beam to x, the light intensity of the scattered light to y, and the soot concentration to t. After n seconds, when the intensity of the laser beam decreases to 0.99, the light intensity of the calibration beam calculated by the second electric signal becomes 0.99x, and the light intensity of the calibration beam calculated by the first electric signal becomes y'. Since the scattered light y' is proportional to the intensity of the laser light source and proportional to the concentration of soot. At this time, the corrected scattered light intensity is used to solve the oil smoke concentration. The light intensity of the scattered light after correction is: y'/0.99.
The output processor 6 calculates the concentration of the oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline according to the first electric signal and the second electric signal. The intensity of the scattered light 10 is proportional to the soot species concentration and also proportional to the intensity of the detection beam 9. The intensity of the detection beam 9 can be determined by the second electrical signal, and the intensity of the scattered light 10 can be determined by the first electrical signal, thereby calculating the soot species concentration.
Optionally, the opening is connected with a flow equalizing cylinder 11, the flow equalizing cylinder 11 is cylindrical, the cylinder wall is provided with uniformly distributed small holes, and the pore size of the small holes is 2 mm-15 mm;
when the monitor works, the detection light beam 9 and the scattered light 10 received by the first light receiver pass through the flow equalizing cylinder 11. One end of the flow equalizing cylinder 11, which is far away from the machine body, is provided with a darkroom 13, and a small hole is reserved on the darkroom 13, so that the detection light beam 9 enters the darkroom 13 from the small hole.
In this embodiment, the opening of the machine body is connected with a flow equalizing cylinder 11, and a part of the flow equalizing cylinder 11 extends into the smoke exhaust pipeline. The wall of the extending part is provided with evenly distributed small holes, and the gas with oil smoke substances can pass through the small holes. The pore size of the small hole can be 2 mm-15 mm.
And a darkroom 13 is arranged at one end of the flow equalizing cylinder 11 extending into the smoke exhaust pipeline to form a light trap. The darkroom 13 absorbs the incident detection light beam 9, so that the detection light beam is not emitted from the wall of the flow equalizing cylinder 11 or the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipeline, and the interference to the scattered light 10 is reduced. In one embodiment, the dark chamber 13 is provided as a double-layered clamp, and a small hole is provided on the clamp on the side receiving the detection beam 9, and the small hole just allows the detection beam 9 to enter.
Optionally, the first optical receiver includes a first optical sensor 1 and a convex lens 5, the convex lens 5 is located in front of the first optical sensor 1, and the center of the first optical sensor 1 is located on the main optical axis of the convex lens 5.
In the present embodiment, the first light receiver includes a first light sensor 1 and a convex lens 5. The convex lens 5 is disposed in front of the first light sensor 1 and concentrates the scattered light 10 on the first light sensor 1. The first light sensor 1 is centered on the primary optical axis of the convex lens 5. The first photo sensor 1 may be disposed at or near the focal length of the convex lens 5.
Optionally, the optical receiver further comprises a purge air hole 3, and the purge air hole 3 is arranged in front of the first optical receiver;
when the monitor works, the purge gas hole 3 outputs stable airflow to prevent oil smoke from polluting the first light receiver.
In this embodiment, in order to further improve the detectivity and the accuracy of laser scattering oil smoke monitor, still be provided with purge gas hole 3. The blowing air hole 3 is arranged at the front part of the convex lens 5 and used for leading clean air to the front of the convex lens 5 so as to isolate oil smoke substances in the smoke exhaust pipeline. In an embodiment, the purge gas hole 3 is connected with the air compressor machine, and stable air current is discharged from the purge gas hole during operation, so that the cleanliness of the optical element in the machine body can be kept, the system can stably operate for a long time, the service life of the monitor is prolonged, and the maintenance workload is reduced. In another embodiment, the laser scattering oil smoke monitor is arranged at the front end of a fan of the smoke exhaust pipeline, large negative pressure is generated in the pipeline, air directly flows in from the blowing air hole 3, and oil smoke substances can be isolated from contacting with the optical device.
Optionally, the detection light beam 9 split by the beam splitter 7 forms an angle of 1 degree to 25 degrees with the main optical axis of the convex lens 5.
In this embodiment, the angle between the detection beam 9 and the main optical axis of the convex lens 5 may be set to 1 degree to 25 degrees. After a plurality of tests, the angle range is the optimal angle. In this angular range, the detection beam 9 has the best scattering effect when it is irradiated on the soot substance.
Optionally, the laser source 4 comprises a laser diode emitter, the emission power comprises 10mW to 250mW, and the wavelength range comprises 400nm to 1000 nm.
In this embodiment, the laser light source 4 may be a laser diode emitter. The laser diode emitter can emit laser with high brightness, high stability and strong monochromaticity. The emission power of the laser light source 4 is 10 mW-250 mW, and the wavelength range is 400 nm-1000 nm. The laser light source 4 with specific wavelength and specific emission power can be selected according to the conditions of high-temperature and high-humidity oil smoke substances in different smoke exhaust pipelines.
Optionally, the spectroscope 7 includes a polarizing spectroscope or a non-polarizing spectroscope, and the splitting ratio ranges from 1: 99-1: 1.
a Beam splitter, also known as a Beam splitter (Beam splitter), is an optical device that can split a Beam of light into multiple beams. The non-polarized beam splitter, the incident beam is partially reflected on the semi-transparent surface and partially transmitted to form two beams of light, the light source is separated according to the ratio of the semi-transparent surface (transmissivity: reflectivity), and the properties except the light intensity are the same as those of the incident beam. The polarized beam splitter, the incident beam is on the semi-transparent surface, the semi-transparent surface is formed by several layers of polaroids, the incident beam is separated according to the polarization phase after several times of transflective-back transmission processes. The light source intensity is separated according to the proportion (transmission polarization angle range: reflection polarization angle range), and the polarization states of the two separated beams except the light intensity are different. The beam splitter 7 in this embodiment splits the laser beam into two beams, a detection beam 9 and a correction beam 8. Spectroscopes with different splitting ratios can be selected according to actual needs. The split ratio range may be 1: 99-1: 1.
optionally, the output processor 6 includes a data output interface;
the data output interface is connected with a computing device and used for sending the oil smoke concentration to the computing device.
In this embodiment, the output processor 6 includes a data processing unit and a data output interface. And the data processing unit calculates the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline according to the first electric signal and the second electric signal. The data output interface is connected with the computing equipment and used for sending the oil smoke concentration to the computing equipment. The data processing unit can adopt a singlechip, and the data output interface can adopt various output modes, such as an S232 or RS484 digital interface, a 4-20mA or 1-5V analog interface, a switching value and the like. The computing device may be an electronic computer.
Optionally, a fixing flange 12 is further disposed on the machine body.
In this embodiment, the position of the fixing flange 12 is adjustable. When the monitor is installed, the installation distance of the flow equalizing cylinder 11 can be adjusted according to the field condition.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for detecting the concentration of the oil smoke, which comprises the following steps:
the laser scattering lampblack monitor generates laser beams through a laser light source;
dividing the laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam by a spectroscope, wherein the detection beam irradiates oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline and then generates scattered light;
receiving the scattered light by a first optical receiver and converting the scattered light into a first electrical signal; receiving the correction beam by a second optical receiver and converting the correction beam into a second electrical signal;
processing the second electric signal through an output processor to calculate a light intensity change value of the laser light source; performing compensation correction on the first electric signal by using the light intensity change value to obtain a corrected first electric signal;
and processing the corrected first electric signal by utilizing the relation of oil smoke concentration-scattered light intensity, and calculating the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline.
The method for detecting the oil smoke concentration in the embodiment is adopted to measure the oil smoke concentration in a laboratory, and the measurement result is compared with the measurement result of the oil smoke analysis method recorded in the national standard GB18483-2001, and the results are as follows:
| national Standard test concentration (mg/m)3) | Test results (mg/m)3) |
| 1 | 1.02 |
| 2 | 2.01 |
| 3 | 2.96 |
| 4 | 4.01 |
| 5 | 5.06 |
| 6 | 5.99 |
| 7 | 7.08 |
| 8 | 7.95 |
The data from the above table is plotted as a line graph, as shown in fig. 2. FIG. 2 is a comparison of the results of the method for detecting the concentration of oil smoke according to the present invention and the national standard method. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the error of the method for detecting the oil smoke concentration provided by the invention and the national standard method is about 1%, and the correlation coefficient is 0.9997. Therefore, the method for detecting the oil smoke concentration has excellent accuracy and precision.
The invention provides a laser scattering oil fume monitor, which utilizes a spectroscope to divide a laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam, wherein the detection beam is used for detecting the oil fume concentration, and the correction beam is used for correcting the light source intensity. The detection part of the laser scattering oil smoke monitor provided by the invention is arranged outside the exhaust pipe, so that the influence of high-temperature and high-humidity oil smoke substances in the exhaust pipe is avoided, the service life of the sensor is prolonged, the influence by the field environment is small, the anti-pollution capability is strong, meanwhile, the self-correction function is realized, the double-optical-path system can perform self-correction on light intensity fluctuation of a light source caused by environmental change, and the accuracy of a detection result is ensured.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A laser scattering oil fume monitor is characterized by comprising a machine body, wherein a laser light source, a spectroscope, a first light receiver, a second light receiver, an output processor and a blowing air hole are arranged in the machine body;
the laser light source is used for emitting laser beams;
the spectroscope is used for dividing the laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam; one end of the machine body is provided with an opening, and when the monitor works, the detection light beam is emitted from the opening;
the first optical receiver is used for receiving scattered light and converting the scattered light into a first electric signal, and the scattered light is formed by irradiating oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline by the detection light beam;
the second optical receiver is used for receiving the correction light beam and converting the correction light beam into a second electric signal;
the output processor is used for calculating the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline according to the first electric signal and the second electric signal;
the opening is connected with a flow equalizing cylinder, the flow equalizing cylinder is cylindrical, small holes are uniformly distributed in the cylinder wall, and the pore diameter of each small hole is 2-15 mm;
when the monitor works, the detection light beam and the scattered light received by the first light receiver pass through the flow equalizing cylinder;
a darkroom is arranged at one end of the flow equalizing cylinder, which is far away from the machine body, and a small hole is reserved on the darkroom, so that the detection light beam enters the darkroom from the small hole;
the blowing air hole is arranged in front of the first light receiver;
when the monitor works, the purge gas hole outputs stable airflow to block oil smoke from polluting the first light receiver.
2. The laser scattering lampblack monitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first light receiver comprises a first light sensor and a convex lens, the convex lens is located in front of the first light sensor, and the center of the first light sensor is located on a main optical axis of the convex lens.
3. The laser scattering lampblack monitor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the detection light beam split by the beam splitter is at an angle of 1-25 degrees with the main optical axis of the convex lens.
4. The laser scattering soot monitor of claim 1, wherein the laser light source comprises a laser diode emitter, the emission power comprises 10mW to 250mW, and the wavelength range comprises 400nm to 1000 nm.
5. The laser scattering soot monitoring instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the beam splitter comprises a polarizing beam splitter or a non-polarizing beam splitter, and the splitting ratio is in the range of 1: 99-1: 1.
6. the laser scattering lampblack monitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output processor comprises a data output interface;
the data output interface is connected with a computing device and used for sending the oil smoke concentration to the computing device.
7. A method for detecting oil smoke concentration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the laser scattering lampblack monitor of any one of claims 1-6, generating a laser beam by a laser light source;
dividing the laser beam into a detection beam and a correction beam by a spectroscope, wherein the detection beam irradiates oil smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline and then generates scattered light;
receiving the scattered light by a first optical receiver and converting the scattered light into a first electrical signal; receiving the correction beam by a second optical receiver and converting the correction beam into a second electrical signal;
processing the second electric signal through an output processor to calculate a light intensity change value of the laser light source; performing compensation correction on the first electric signal by using the light intensity change value to obtain a corrected first electric signal;
and processing the corrected first electric signal by utilizing the relation of oil smoke concentration-scattered light intensity, and calculating the oil smoke concentration in the smoke exhaust pipeline.
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| CN113588503A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-11-02 | 浙江建安检测研究院有限公司 | Oil smoke online monitoring system for catering operation environment |
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