CN108760583B - Device and method for testing radon exhalation rate and neutral radon exhalation rate of building block - Google Patents
Device and method for testing radon exhalation rate and neutral radon exhalation rate of building block Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760583B CN108760583B CN201810389804.3A CN201810389804A CN108760583B CN 108760583 B CN108760583 B CN 108760583B CN 201810389804 A CN201810389804 A CN 201810389804A CN 108760583 B CN108760583 B CN 108760583B
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- building block
- radon
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- box
- sealing plate
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- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 bicarbonate radical Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0007—Investigating dispersion of gas
- G01N2015/0011—Investigating dispersion of gas in liquids, e.g. bubbles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The device comprises a building block material containing box, a box cover, a sealing plate, a sample support, a radon measuring instrument, a drying pipe and a hose, wherein the box cover is covered on the box body, an air inlet of the drying pipe is connected with an air outlet pipe on the box cover, an air outlet of the drying pipe is connected with an air inlet of the radon measuring instrument, and an air outlet of the radon measuring instrument is connected with an air inlet pipe on the box cover. When radon exhalation rate test is carried out, the building block is placed on a sample support in the box, radon entering a measuring chamber is measured by a radon measuring instrument, and the radon exhalation rate of each time period of the building block can be achieved according to a radon concentration rising curve. When the radon exhalation rate of the neutralization is tested, the sealing plate is placed on a building block, the sealing plate is sealed by sealant, sodium bicarbonate saturated solution is added, radon entering the measuring chamber is measured by the radon measuring instrument, and the radon exhalation rate of each time period of the building block in the neutralization process can be obtained according to the radon concentration rising curve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building material detection, in particular to a device and a method for testing radon exhalation rate of building blocks and radon exhalation rate of neutralized building blocks.
Background
At present, due to the application of a large amount of industrial waste residues in novel building blocks, the content of natural radionuclides is obviously increased, so that the phenomenon of high indoor radon concentration and even exceeding standard is widely caused. In addition, with the influence of environmental climate, the building block material inevitably has durability problems such as neutralization and the like, and the change of the pore structure in the material is caused, and the pore structure is a direct and fundamental factor influencing radon precipitation.
The building blocks are autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, fly ash bricks, coal gangue bricks and the like, and the radon precipitation rate of the building blocks is obviously higher than that of the traditional clay bricks on average.
The radon measuring device for the radon exhalation rate of the building block is provided in the prior art, the radon exhalation rate of the building block is tested through the radon measuring device, but along with the growth of the age of the building, the building block can be subjected to the neutralization phenomena of carbonization and the like under the influence of the environment.
The experimental means for carbonizing the building block can be developed through a carbonization box, the carbonization process of the building block can be accelerated by immersing the building block in a solution containing bicarbonate radical or carbonate radical ions, and the service life of a building can be predicted through the carbonization experiment of the building block.
At present, people only consider the influence of radon exhalation rate of building blocks on the environment, and the influence of radon exhalation rate of building blocks after neutralization on the environment is not involved. During and after the neutralization of the building block, the microstructure of the interior of the material changes, and the radon precipitation from the building block is closely related to the microstructure of the micropores. Therefore, understanding the radon precipitation condition of the neutralized building block is of great significance in consideration of the radiation shielding effect of the building wall and the indoor radon pollution problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a device and a method for testing radon exhalation rate of building blocks and radon exhalation rate of neutralized building blocks.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device for testing the radon exhalation rate and the radon exhalation rate of the building block comprises a building block containing box, a box cover, a sealing plate, a sample support, a radon measuring instrument, a drying pipe and a hose.
The building block material containing box is a rectangular box body with one surface open, a liquid discharge pipe with a valve is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular box body, a liquid inlet on the box wall of the rectangular box body is provided with a liquid inlet pipe with a valve, the liquid inlet pipe is in threaded connection with the liquid inlet on the box wall, one end of the liquid inlet pipe extends into the building block material containing box, and the height of the liquid inlet on the box wall is higher than the surface height of the radon exhalation surface of the building block material to be measured placed in the building block material containing box.
The box cover is provided with an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe.
The sealing plate is a rectangular flat plate, a rectangular cavity is arranged on the sealing plate, the length and the width of the rectangular cavity are smaller than those of the radon exhalation surface of the building block to be tested, the sealing plate is provided with a liquid inlet connector, and the liquid inlet connector is in threaded connection with the sealing plate.
The sample support consists of a frame plate and supporting feet welded on the frame plate.
The box cover covers the open end of the building block material containing box and is pressed by a screw, a sealing gasket is arranged on the joint surface of the box cover, the air inlet of the drying pipe is connected with the air outlet pipe on the box cover through a pipeline, the air outlet of the drying pipe is connected with the air inlet of the radon measuring instrument through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the radon measuring instrument is connected with the air inlet pipe on the box cover through a pipeline.
When the radon exhalation rate of the building block to be tested is tested, the sample support is placed in the building block containing box and used for supporting the building block to be tested.
When the radon exhalation rate of the neutral building block is tested, the sample support is placed in the building block containing box and used for supporting the building block to be tested, the sealing plate is placed on the radon exhalation surface of the building block to be tested, one end of the hose is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the hose is connected with the liquid inlet connector on the sealing plate.
The invention also provides a method for testing radon extraction rate of building blocks by adopting the testing device, during testing, the sample support is placed into the building block containing box, the building block to be tested is placed on the sample support, then the box cover is covered, the valve is closed by screw compaction, sealing is ensured, and the building block containing box, the drying pipe and the radon meter form closed loop circulation.
In the testing process, radon atoms in the building block to be tested escape from the surface of the building block to be tested to enter the building block containing box under the action of diffusion and seepage, a built-in pump in the radon meter pumps radon in the building block containing box into a measuring chamber of the radon meter through a drying pipe to measure, and the radon exhalation rate of each time period of the building block to be tested can be obtained according to the radon concentration rising curve obtained by measurement.
The invention also provides a method for testing radon precipitation rate of the neutralized building block by adopting the testing device, during testing, the sample support is placed into the building block containing box, the building block to be tested is placed on the sample support, the sealing plate is placed on the building block to be tested, the contact surfaces between the periphery of the sealing plate and the box wall of the building block containing box and between the periphery of the rectangular cavity of the sealing plate and the building block to be tested are sealed by sealant, one end of a hose is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, the other end of the hose is connected with a liquid inlet joint on the sealing plate, then a box cover is covered, and the sealing is ensured by compressing a valve through a screw, and a cavity on the sealing plate in the building block containing box, the drying pipe and the radon tester form closed loop circulation.
In the testing process, a valve on a liquid inlet pipe on a building block containing box is opened to add sodium bicarbonate saturated solution, the space below a sealing plate is filled with the sodium bicarbonate saturated solution, then the valve on the liquid inlet pipe is closed, the whole building block to be tested is soaked in solution containing carbonate ions, the neutralization of the building block to be tested is accelerated through the solution containing the carbonate ions, radon atoms in the building block to be tested escape from the surface of the building block to be tested under the action of diffusion and seepage to enter the building block containing box, radon in the building block containing box is pumped into a measuring chamber of the radon meter by a built-in pump in the radon meter through a drying pipe to be measured, and radon exhalation rate of all time periods of the building block to be tested in the neutralization process can be obtained according to a radon concentration rising curve obtained by measurement.
In the testing process, the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is always in a saturated state, and when the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is not in a saturated state, the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is replaced regularly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
the testing device provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate, not only can test the radon exhalation rate of the building block, but also can test the radon exhalation rate of the centralization building block.
The detailed structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a rectangular plate;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a sample holder;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 4 at B-B.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment of the device for testing radon exhalation rate and neutralization radon exhalation rate of building blocks comprises a building block containing box 1, a box cover 2, a sealing plate 3, a sample support 4, a radon measuring instrument 5, a drying pipe 6 and a hose 8.
The building block containing box 1 is a rectangular box body with one side open, the bottom of the rectangular box body is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 1-2 with a valve, a liquid inlet on the box wall of the rectangular box body is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 1-1 with a valve, the liquid inlet pipe 1-1 is in threaded connection with the liquid inlet on the box wall, one end of the liquid inlet pipe 1-1 extends into the building block containing box 1, and the height of the liquid inlet on the box wall is higher than the surface height of a radon precipitation surface 9-1 of a building block 9 to be detected, which is placed in the building block containing box 1.
The box cover 2 is provided with an air outlet pipe 2-1 and an air inlet pipe 2-2.
The sealing plate 3 is a rectangular flat plate, the rectangular cavity 3-1 is arranged on the sealing plate 3, the length and width of the rectangular cavity 3-1 are smaller than those of the radon exhalation surface 9-1 of the building block 9 to be tested, the sealing plate 3 is provided with the liquid inlet connector 3-2, and the liquid inlet connector 3-2 is in threaded connection with the sealing plate 3.
The sample support 4 consists of a frame plate 4-1 and support legs 4-2 welded on the frame plate 4-1.
The box cover 2 covers the open end of the building block material containing box 1 and is tightly pressed by screws, a sealing gasket 7 is arranged on the joint surface of the box cover 2, an air inlet of the drying pipe 6 is connected with the air outlet pipe 2-1 on the box cover 2 through a pipeline, an air outlet of the drying pipe 6 is connected with the air inlet of the radon measuring instrument 5 through a pipeline, and an air outlet of the radon measuring instrument 5 is connected with the air inlet pipe 2-2 on the box cover 2 through a pipeline.
When the radon precipitation rate of the building block 9 to be tested is tested, the sample support 4 is placed in the building block containing box 1 and is used for supporting the building block 9 to be tested.
When the radon precipitation rate of the neutral building block 9 is tested, the sample support 4 is placed in the building block containing box 1 and used for supporting the building block 9 to be tested, the sealing plate 3 is placed on the radon precipitation surface 9-1 of the building block 9 to be tested, one end of the hose 8 is connected with the liquid inlet pipe 1-1, and the other end of the hose 8 is connected with the liquid inlet joint 3-2 on the sealing plate 3.
In the second embodiment, when the radon exhalation rate and the radon exhalation rate of the building block are tested by adopting the radon exhalation rate and neutralization rate testing device of the building block, the sample support 4 is placed in the building block containing box 1, the building block 9 to be tested is placed on the sample support 4, then the box cover 2 is covered, the valve is closed through screw compression, sealing is ensured, and the building block containing box 1, the drying pipe 6 and the radon meter 5 form closed loop circulation.
In the testing process, radon atoms in the building block 9 to be tested escape from the surface of the building block 9 to be tested to enter the building block containing box 1 under the action of diffusion and seepage, the built-in pump in the radon meter 5 pumps radon in the building block containing box 1 into the measuring chamber of the radon meter 5 through the drying pipe 6 to measure, and the radon exhalation rate of each time period of the building block 9 to be tested can be obtained according to the radon concentration rising curve obtained by measurement.
In the third embodiment, when the radon exhalation rate and the radon exhalation rate of the neutral building block are tested by adopting the radon exhalation rate testing device of the building block, the sample support 4 is placed in the building block containing box 1, the building block 9 to be tested is placed on the sample support 4, the sealing plate 3 is placed on the building block 9 to be tested, the contact surfaces between the periphery of the sealing plate 3 and the box wall of the building block containing box 1 and between the periphery of the rectangular cavity 3-1 of the sealing plate 3 and the building block 9 to be tested are sealed by using sealant, one end of the hose 8 is connected with the liquid inlet pipe 1-1, the other end of the hose 8 is connected with the liquid inlet connector 3-2 on the sealing plate 3, then the box cover 2 is covered, and the sealing is ensured by pressing by a screw, so that the sealing is ensured, and the cavity on the sealing plate 3 in the building block containing box 1, the drying pipe 6 and the radon instrument 5 form closed loop circulation.
In the testing process, a valve on a liquid inlet pipe 1-1 on a building block containing box 1 is opened, sodium bicarbonate saturated solution is added, the space below a sealing plate 3 is filled with the sodium bicarbonate saturated solution, then the valve on the liquid inlet pipe 1-1 is closed, the whole building block 9 to be tested is soaked in solution containing carbonate ions, neutralization of the building block 9 to be tested is accelerated through the solution containing the carbonate ions, radon atoms in the building block 9 to be tested escape from the surface of the building block 9 to be tested under the action of diffusion and seepage into the building block containing box 1, a built-in pump in a radon meter 5 pumps radon in the building block containing box 1 into a measuring chamber of the radon meter 5 through a drying pipe 6 for measurement, and radon exhalation rate of the building block 9 to be tested in various time periods in the neutralization process can be obtained according to a radon concentration rising curve obtained through measurement.
In the testing process, the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is always in a saturated state, and when the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is not in a saturated state, the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is replaced regularly.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a building block radon exhalation rate and neutralization radon exhalation rate testing arrangement which characterized by: comprises a building block material containing box, a box cover, a sealing plate, a sample support, a radon measuring instrument, a drying pipe and a hose;
the building block containing box is a rectangular box body with one side open, the bottom of the rectangular box body is provided with a liquid discharge pipe with a valve, a liquid inlet on the box wall of the rectangular box body is provided with a liquid inlet pipe with a valve, the liquid inlet pipe is in threaded connection with the liquid inlet on the box wall, one end of the liquid inlet pipe extends into the building block containing box, and the height of the liquid inlet on the box wall is higher than the surface height of a radon exhalation surface of a building block to be detected placed in the building block containing box;
the box cover is provided with an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe;
the sealing plate is a rectangular flat plate, a rectangular cavity is arranged on the sealing plate, the length and the width of the rectangular cavity are smaller than those of the radon exhalation surface of the building block to be tested, the sealing plate is provided with a liquid inlet connector, and the liquid inlet connector is in threaded connection with the sealing plate;
the sample support consists of a frame plate and supporting legs welded on the frame plate;
the box cover covers the opening end of the building block material containing box and is tightly pressed by a screw, a sealing gasket is arranged on the joint surface of the box cover, the air inlet of the drying pipe is connected with the air outlet pipe on the box cover through a pipeline, the air outlet of the drying pipe is connected with the air inlet of the radon measuring instrument through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the radon measuring instrument is connected with the air inlet pipe on the box cover through a pipeline;
when the radon exhalation rate of the building block to be tested is tested, the sample support is placed in the building block containing box and is used for supporting the building block to be tested;
when the radon exhalation rate of the neutralized building block is tested, the sample support is placed in the building block containing box and used for supporting the building block to be tested, the sealing plate is placed on the radon exhalation surface of the building block to be tested, one end of the hose is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the hose is connected with the liquid inlet joint on the sealing plate; and adding sodium bicarbonate saturated solution into the building block material accommodating box, wherein the space under the sealing plate is filled with the sodium bicarbonate saturated solution.
2. The method for testing radon exhalation rate of building blocks by using the testing device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: placing a sample support into a building block containing box, placing a building block to be tested on the sample support, covering a box cover, compacting by a screw, closing a valve, ensuring sealing, and forming closed loop circulation by the building block containing box, a drying pipe and a radon measuring instrument;
during testing, radon atoms in the building block to be tested escape from the surface of the building block to be tested to enter the building block containing box under the action of diffusion and seepage, a built-in pump in the radon meter pumps radon in the building block containing box into a measuring chamber of the radon meter through a drying pipe to measure, and the radon exhalation rate of each time period of the building block to be tested can be obtained according to the radon concentration rising curve obtained through measurement.
3. The method for testing radon exhalation rate of the neutralized building block by adopting the testing device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: placing a sample support into a building block containing box, placing a building block to be tested on the sample support, placing a sealing plate on the building block to be tested, sealing the contact surfaces between the periphery of the sealing plate and the wall of the building block containing box and between the periphery of a rectangular cavity of the sealing plate and the building block to be tested by using sealant, connecting one end of a hose with a liquid inlet pipe, connecting the other end of the hose with a liquid inlet joint on the sealing plate, covering a box cover, compacting by using a screw, closing a valve, and ensuring sealing, wherein a cavity on the sealing plate in the building block containing box, a drying pipe and a radon meter form closed loop circulation;
in the testing process, a valve on a liquid inlet pipe on a building block containing box is opened to add sodium bicarbonate saturated solution, the space below a sealing plate is filled with the sodium bicarbonate saturated solution, then the valve on the liquid inlet pipe is closed, the whole building block to be tested is soaked in solution containing carbonate ions, the neutralization of the building block to be tested is accelerated through the solution containing the carbonate ions, radon atoms in the building block to be tested escape from the surface of the building block to be tested under the action of diffusion and seepage to enter the building block containing box, radon in the building block containing box is pumped into a measuring chamber of the radon meter by a built-in pump in the radon meter through a drying pipe to be measured, and radon exhalation rate of all time periods of the building block to be tested in the neutralization process can be obtained according to a radon concentration rising curve obtained by measurement.
4. A method of testing as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the testing process, the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is always in a saturated state, and when the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is not in a saturated state, the saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate is replaced regularly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389804.3A CN108760583B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Device and method for testing radon exhalation rate and neutral radon exhalation rate of building block |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389804.3A CN108760583B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Device and method for testing radon exhalation rate and neutral radon exhalation rate of building block |
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| CN108760583A CN108760583A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
| CN108760583B true CN108760583B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| CN109269943B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-04-20 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for rapidly measuring effective diffusion coefficient of radon in film |
| CN109283098B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-04-20 | 衡阳师范学院 | Method for measuring effective diffusion coefficient of radon in film |
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| 部分建筑材料氡析出率测试分析;彭金梅等;辐射防护通讯;第32卷(第01期);第28-31页 * |
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