CN108757871A

CN108757871A - Ball screw assembly,

Info

Publication number: CN108757871A
Application number: CN201810887063.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵洁
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-08-06
Filing date: 2018-08-06
Publication date: 2018-11-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of ball screw assembly,s, including lead screw shaft, feed screw nut, ball and bead reverser, the helical tooth of lead screw shaft and feed screw nut is configured with interleaved mode in the axial direction, to be respectively formed a helical duct in helical tooth both sides, the two helical ducts are both the load path of travel and its zero load backward channel of ball；There is screw roller surface of the spiral shape raceway groove as ball on two sides of lead screw shaft and feed screw nut helical tooth, the contact angle α of ball and roller surface is more than 45 ° in helical duct；Each at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth there are one bead reversers, so that ball is moved to the other side from the arbitrary side of feed screw nut helical tooth, to form complete ball circulation passages；When ball screw assembly, has two or more ball circulation passages, feed screw nut helical tooth is divided into two sections or multistage, and every section of helical tooth and the reverser at its both ends can form a complete ball circulation passages.

Description

Ball screw assembly,

Technical field：

The invention belongs to technical field of mechanical transmission, are related to a kind of ball screw assembly, using ball as rolling element.

Background technology：

Ball screw assembly, is the screw-drive mechanism using ball as rolling element, and plurality of ball is between lead screw shaft and silk It is undertaken between thick stick nut and transmits load.Compared to lead screw pair, ball screw assembly, has transmission efficiency, high transmission accuracy The advantages that, therefore ball screw assembly, is used widely in the fields such as lathe.

In the ball screw assembly, of the prior art, the external cylindrical surface of lead screw shaft and the inner cylinder face of feed screw nut all have disconnected Face is the helicla flute of V-arrangement, the two helicla flutes form ball screw moving conduit of the section as quadrangle in mouth-to-mouth mode. In the normal profile of helical duct, ball center and the line and the between perpendiculars angle of helicla flute rotating shaft of raceway contact point claim For contact angle α.In general, as contact angle α increases, the bearing capacity and axial rigidity of ball screw assembly, are bigger, transmission efficiency It is higher, and the contact angle α of ball screw assembly, is generally no greater than 45 ° in the prior art, to limit holding for ball screw assembly, The raising of loading capability, axial rigidity and transmission efficiency.

Invention content：

The object of the present invention is to provide the ball screw assembly,s that a kind of contact angle α can be more than 45 °, so as to improve ball Bearing capacity, axial rigidity and the transmission efficiency of lead screw pair.

The present invention solve technical problem technical solution be：

A kind of ball screw assembly, including lead screw shaft, feed screw nut, ball and bead reverser.In the outer of the lead screw shaft Helical tooth is all had on the inner cylinder face of cylindrical surface and feed screw nut, and lead screw shaft helical tooth and feed screw nut helical tooth are in axis It being configured upwards with interleaved mode, i.e., the helical tooth of lead screw shaft is located between the tooth socket of feed screw nut helical tooth, and feed screw nut Helical tooth is located between the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth；The two of two sides of lead screw shaft helical tooth and feed screw nut helical tooth Spiral shape raceway groove is all had on a side, the hand of spiral and helical pitch of the spiral shape raceway groove are identical as helical tooth；With described Screw roller surface of the spiral shape raceway groove as ball on spiral flank, two on the lead screw shaft spiral flank Spiral shape raceway groove forms two spiral ball moving channels with two spiral shape raceway grooves on feed screw nut spiral flank, It is denoted as ball screw channel one and ball screw channel two respectively；It is each at the both ends of the feed screw nut helical tooth that there are one rollings Pearl reverser, the bead reverser are respectively formed a ball backward channel at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth, are denoted as Ball backward channel one and ball backward channel two, ball can be from any one of nut screw tooth by the two backward channels Side moves to the other side；The ball screw channel one, ball screw channel two, ball backward channel one and ball backward channel Two are collectively formed a complete ball circulation passages, and multiple balls form a fortune in a complete ball circulation passages Dynamic endless-chain.

The ball screw channel one and ball screw channel two are both the load path of travel of ball and the nothing of ball Load backward channel；When the ball screw assembly, bears axial load, ball in the ball screw channel one and channel two A channel for transmitting axial load is the load path of travel of ball, another channel is then returned as the zero load of ball simultaneously Go back to channel；When axial load is reversed, former ball load path of travel is changed into the zero load backward channel of ball, while former ball Zero load backward channel is changed into ball load path of travel；In the ball and lead screw shaft spiral rolling track face or feed screw nut spiral shell Revolve roller surface between be equipped with axial gap, the axial gap be sized to allow ball it is suitable in its zero load backward channel It is freely mobile.

In the ball screw channel one and ball screw channel two, ball when transmitting axial load with lead screw shaft spiral shell Rotation roller surface and the contact point in feed screw nut spiral rolling track face are respectively positioned in the normal section of helical duct, and in the two spiral shells In the normal section for revolving channel, ball center and the line of raceway contact point and the between perpendiculars angle side of helical duct rotating shaft To on the contrary, the direction of i.e. contact angle α is opposite.

The normal section contour shape of spiral shape raceway groove includes single arc-shaped and double circles on the lead screw shaft spiral flank The normal section profile of two kinds of arc, the arc-shaped raceway groove of list is mainly made of one section of circular arc, the Gothic raceway groove Normal section profile is mainly made of two sections of circular arcs；Equally, on the feed screw nut spiral flank spiral shape raceway groove normal direction Cross-section profile shape also includes single arc-shaped and two kinds of Gothic；Raceway groove on the feed screw nut spiral flank is in leading screw Transiens curved surface is all had at the both ends of nut screw tooth.

Ball reverse leading acting surface on the bead reverser is respectively positioned between the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth, and face To the end face of feed screw nut helical tooth；When only having side that there is ball reverse leading acting surface on the bead reverser, note For single reversed face bead reverser；When both sides all have ball reverse leading acting surface on the bead reverser, it is denoted as double Reversed face bead reverser；Two reverse leading acting surfaces on double reversed face bead reversers are respectively for the reverser The end face of the feed screw nut helical tooth of both sides；The upper and lower end face being located in lead screw shaft spiral alveolar on the bead reverser It is helicoid, helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth, and the two end faces and adjacent lead screw shaft spiral There is geometric gap between flank.

The ball screw assembly, can have two or more complete ball circulation passages.When the ball-screw When pair has two or more complete ball circulation passages, the feed screw nut helical tooth is divided into not in its hand of spiral Continuous two sections or multistage, and the both ends of every section of feed screw nut helical tooth all have transiens curved surface；At adjacent arbitrary two sections It is designed with a neutral gear between feed screw nut helical tooth end face, double reversed face bead reversers are provided in the neutral gear, it is described Ball screw channel one and ball screw channel two are separated into two sections or multistage by double reversed face bead reversers；The leading screw Every section of helical tooth of nut and the bead reverser at its both ends all form a complete ball circulation passages, and multiple balls are every A motion cycle chain can be formed in one circulation canal.

Floating type bead reverser may be used in the ball screw assembly,.The floating bead reverser refers to that ball is anti- Ball reverse leading acting surface on device can float when being impacted by ball along the spiral alveolar of lead screw shaft, and There is rigidity and the damping for meeting requirement on the floating direction；When the floating type bead reverser only has, there are one balls When reverse leading acting surface, it is denoted as the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face；When having there are two when reverse leading acting surface, it is denoted as Double floating type bead reversers in reversed face；When the ball screw assembly, uses floating type bead reverser, the reversed face of list Bead reverser and double reversed face bead reversers use single reversed floating type bead reverser in face and double reversed faces floating type respectively Bead reverser replaces.

The floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list mainly by backboard, rocker piece, adjustment block, fixed block, elastic element, Wedge key and cover board composition；The backboard is fixed on feed screw nut, and guide groove, the guiding of the guide groove are equipped on the inside of backboard Track is a helix, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar；Have in the rocker piece and adjustment block Guide surface, the guide surface can be such that rocker piece and adjustment block is moved along the guide groove on backboard；The fixed block is fixed on On feed screw nut, the wedge key between fixed block and adjustment block, the elastic element be located at adjustment block and rocker piece it Between, by adjusting the position of wedge key, adjustment block is made to be moved along the guide groove on backboard, to change adjustment block and rocker piece The distance between and elastic element deflection；There is ball reverse leading acting surface, the elasticity member on the rocker piece Part applies pretightning force after compressive deformation to rocker piece, to enable rocker piece to be oriented to along backboard when being impacted by ball Slot floats；The upper and lower end face of the rocker piece and the upper and lower end face of adjustment block are helicoid, and the helical pitch of helicoid is equal It is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；The cover board is located on the outside of the big end of wedge key, between cover board and fixed block Equipped with adjust pad, the thickness by changing adjust pad is adjusted the position of wedge key.

The floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces is mainly by backboard, rocker piece one, rocker piece two, wedge key, elasticity Element and adjust pad composition；The inside of the backboard has guide groove, and the guide tracks of the guide groove are a helix, spiral The helical pitch of line is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；It is equipped with floating guiding on the rocker piece one and rocker piece two Face, the floating guiding face can be such that rocker piece is moved along the guide groove on backboard；On the rocker piece one and rocker piece two It is respectively equipped with a ball reverse leading raceway groove, leading screw of the two ball reverse leading raceway grooves respectively for the reverser both sides The end face of nut screw tooth；The upper and lower end face of the rocker piece one and rocker piece two is helicoid, and the helical pitch of helicoid is equal It is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；The equal position of wedge-like portion of the elastic reaction part and wedge key of the elastic element Between the rocker piece one and rocker piece two, the deflection of elastic element is adjusted by wedge key, elastic element is by buckling Apply pretightning force to rocker piece after shape；The middle part of the backboard has through-hole, the elastic reaction part of the elastic element and wedge Through-hole of the wedge-like portion of shape key in the middle part of backboard penetrates on the inside of backboard；The fixing end of the elastic element and wedge key is equal Positioned at the outside of the backboard, the adjust pad passes through change between the elastic element and the fixing end of wedge key The thickness of adjust pad adjusts the relative position between wedge key and elastic element, so as to change the deflection of elastic element And the size of pretightning force；The wedge key, elastic element and adjust pad are each attached to the floating type ball in double reversed faces On the backboard of reverser.

In the ball circulation passages of the ball screw assembly, separator can be set between adjacent ball, described point Adjacent ball can be separated every device；Two sides contacted with ball on the ball separators are concave ball surfaces, The radius of the two concave ball surfaces is all higher than ball bearing radius.

The lead screw shaft is pre-tightened and is adjusted using double lead-screw nut, and the double lead-screw nut preload of the ball screw assembly, includes The preload of double nut tooth difference, Double-nut threaded pre-tightening, double nut gasket pre-tighten.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：

1. the ball-screw adjutant's lead screw shaft helical tooth and feed screw nut helical tooth of the present invention are in the axial direction with interleaved mode Configuration, and it is both provided with spiral shape on two sides of lead screw shaft helical tooth and two sides of feed screw nut helical tooth Raceway groove, as the screw roller surface of ball, to form two ball screw moving conduits in the both sides of helical tooth；It is more A ball moves in the two helical ducts and transmits axial load；It is this compared with the ball screw assembly, of the prior art Structure can make angle between the line at ball center and raceway contact point and helical duct rotating shaft vertical line be more than 45 °, so as to Enough significantly increase contact angle α.

2. in the helical duct one of ball screw assembly, of the present invention and the normal profile of helical duct two, because of rolling The line of pearl center and raceway contact point and the between perpendiculars angle direction of helical duct rotating shaft are on the contrary, the i.e. side of contact angle α To on the contrary, so the ball in the two channels may be respectively used for the opposite axial load of direction of transfer.

3. by the way that a bead reverser is respectively set at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth, by feed screw nut helical tooth The ball screw channel of both sides is respectively communicated at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth, thus around the spiral shell of feed screw nut Rotation tooth forms complete ball circulation passages.In a complete ball circulation passages, multiple balls form a movement and follow Loop chain.When ball screw assembly, is by Axial Loads, it is located in the helical duct of lead screw shaft and feed screw nut helical tooth both sides One load path of travel as ball, another zero load backward channel as ball simultaneously, when axial load is reversed When, former ball load path of travel is transformed into the zero load backward channel of ball, while the former zero load backward channel of ball is transformed into Ball load path of travel.Therefore, the two helical ducts are both that the load path of travel of ball and the zero load of ball return Channel is gone back to, when wherein any one load path of travel as ball, another while zero load return as ball Channel, without designing other ball backward channel.Axial gap energy between ball and lead screw shaft or feed screw nut Enough ball is allowed smoothly to be moved in its zero load backward channel, advanced to allow ball to be swimmingly back to its load The initiating terminal in channel.

4. the ball screw movement roller surface on feed screw nut spiral flank of the present invention has at its both ends Have transiens curved surface, so as to improve ball it is reversed at feed screw nut helical tooth both ends when robust motion.

5. the reverse leading acting surface on bead reverser of the present invention is respectively positioned between the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth, And at feed screw nut helical tooth both ends, so ball can be from feed screw nut at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth The arbitrary side of helical tooth moves to the other side；Again because the helical duct of feed screw nut helical tooth both sides is exactly the load of ball Path of travel and zero load backward channel, so ball need not both cross over lead screw shaft helical tooth in reversed and return course Top need not also leave the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth.

6. the upper and lower end face being located in lead screw shaft spiral alveolar on bead reverser of the present invention is spiral Face, and there is geometric gap between the lead screw shaft helical tooth flank adjacent thereto of the two end faces, it is described so as to avoid Geometrical interference occurs between bead reverser and lead screw shaft helical tooth.

7. ball screw assembly, of the present invention can have two or more complete ball circulation passages.Work as institute When stating ball screw assembly, and having two or more complete ball circulation passages, feed screw nut helical tooth quilt in its hand of spiral It is divided into two sections or multistage, and all there are one neutral gears between adjacent arbitrary two sections of feed screw nut helical tooths, in the neutral gear It is provided with double reversed face bead reversers.Because double reversed face bead reversers are simultaneously by the ball screw channel one and ball Helical duct two compartment has ball reverse leading effect at both ends or multistage, and in the both sides of double reversed face bead reversers Face, so every section of feed screw nut helical tooth and the bead reverser at its both ends all form a complete ball circulation passages.Cause For a ball-recirculation chain can be formed in each circulation canal, so the ball screw assembly, can have two or more A ball-recirculation chain.When two or more ball-recirculation chains are arranged in the ball screw assembly, single ball-recirculation can be shortened The length of chain, to be conducive to reduce the resistance of motion of the ball in circulation canal.

8. when the ball screw assembly, of the present invention uses the floating type bead reverser, ball can be reduced in reversed mistake The impact and vibration that reverser is generated in journey.

9. the rocker piece of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list of the present invention can be along the guiding on the inside of backboard Slot moves because backboard is fixed relative to feed screw nut, adjustment block relative to backboard be also in general it is fixed, There is elastic element support between rocker piece and adjustment block, so rocker piece can be along in backboard when being impacted by ball Side guide groove floats, and can reduce the vibration that ball impact rocker piece generates in this way；Because of the guiding of the guide groove on the inside of backboard Track is helix, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar, so the motion track of rocker piece is also helix, Its helical pitch is also identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar, and because the upper and lower end face of rocker piece is helicoid, and this two The helical pitch of a spiral end face is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar, so rocker piece will not be with lead screw shaft in location free procedure Helical tooth flank occur geometrical interference；The distance between rocker piece and adjustment block and elastic element can be adjusted by wedge key Compression deformation, so as to adjust the size of rocker piece pretightning force.In addition, reversed in the floating type ball in the reversed face of the list Damping element can also be set between the rocker piece and adjustment block of device, can be further decreased in this way because what ball impact generated shakes It is dynamic.

10. two rocker pieces of double reversed floating type bead reverser in face of the present invention can be along backboard on the inside of Guide groove moves, because having elastic element support between the two rocker pieces, the two rocker pieces are by ball It can float along the guide groove on the inside of backboard when impact, so as to reduce the vibration that ball impact generates.Because of backboard The guide tracks of inside guide groove are helixes, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar, so two rocker pieces Floating track be also helix, helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar；Again because of the upper and lower end of rocker piece Face is helicoid, and helical pitch is also identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft spiral alveolar, thus two rocker pieces in location free procedure not Geometrical interference can occur with lead screw shaft helical tooth.The deflection that elastic element can be changed by wedge key, so as to adjust The pretightning force size of two rocker pieces.In addition, between two rocker pieces of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces Damping element can be set, can further reduce the vibration that ball impact generates in this way.

11. in the ball circulation passages of ball screw assembly, of the present invention, separator is set between adjacent ball, It can be to avoid being in contact or colliding between ball, to be conducive to reduce vibration and noise.On the ball separators with rolling Two sides of pearl contact are concave ball surfaces, and the radius of concave ball surfaces is all higher than ball bearing radius, can make ball in this way Occur between separator side it is tangent contact, to be conducive to reduce friction between the two.

Description of the drawings：

Fig. 1 is the internal structure sectional view of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the lead screw shaft helical tooth of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention.

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the feed screw nut helical tooth of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention.

Fig. 4 be ball screw assembly, provided by the invention ball in helical duct with lead screw shaft helical tooth and feed screw nut Relative position relation schematic diagram between helical tooth.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is that the ball of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention is reversed with list at feed screw nut helical tooth both ends Position relationship schematic diagram between the bead reverser of face.

Fig. 7 is a ball-recirculation kinematic chain schematic diagram of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention.

Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is the structural representation near the helical tooth both ends of the feed screw nut of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention Figure.

Figure 10 and Figure 11 is the topology view of single reversed face bead reverser of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention.

Figure 12 is relative position between the lead screw shaft of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention and single reversed face bead reverser Relation schematic diagram.

Figure 13 be ball screw assembly, provided by the invention helical duct in the countershaft of ball and lead screw shaft or feed screw nut To maximal clearance schematic diagram.

Figure 14 and Figure 15 is the ditch in the lead screw shaft and feed screw nut spiral flank of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention Dow process is to cross-section profile shape schematic diagram, wherein Figure 14 is single arc-shaped channels cross-section contour shape schematic diagram, and Figure 15 is double circles Arc channels cross-section contour shape schematic diagram.

Figure 16 is ball screw assembly, provided by the invention feed screw nut spiral shell when having two complete ball circulation passages Revolve the segmental structure schematic diagram of tooth.

Figure 17 is ball screw assembly, provided by the invention feed screw nut when having two complete ball circulation passages Outboard structure view.

Figure 18 is the topology view one of double reversed face bead reversers provided by the invention.

Figure 19 is the topology view two of double reversed face bead reversers provided by the invention.

Figure 20 and Figure 21 is ball screw assembly, provided by the invention feed screw nut spiral when having two ball-recirculation chains Position relationship schematic diagram between tooth, ball and reverser, it is anti-that two of which ball-recirculation chain is located at double reversed face balls To the both sides of device.

Figure 22 is the inside structure schematic diagram of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 23 is that inside structure of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention after removing rocker piece shows It is intended to.

Figure 24 is the back board structure schematic diagram of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 25 a are the topology views one of the rocker piece of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 25 b are the topology views two of the rocker piece of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 26 a are the topology views one of the adjustment block of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 26 b are the topology views two of the adjustment block of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 26 c are the topology views three of the adjustment block of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 27 is the structural schematic diagram of the plate shape spring of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention.

Figure 28 is between the backboard, wedge key and adjustment block of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention Assembly relation schematic diagram.

Figure 29 is between the backboard, wedge key and fixed block of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention Assembly relation schematic diagram.

Figure 30 is the dress between the backboard, fixed block and cover board of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list provided by the invention With relation schematic diagram.

Figure 31 a are the topology views one of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 31 b are the topology views two of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 32 is inside knot of the double reversed floating type bead reversers in face provided by the invention after removing two rocker pieces Structure schematic diagram.

Figure 33 is backboard, plate shape spring, wedge key, the spring of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention Assembly relation diagrammatic cross-section between pressing plate and adjust pad.

Figure 34 a are the back board structure views one of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 34 b are the back board structure views two of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 35 a are the topology views one of the rocker piece one of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 35 b are the topology views two of the rocker piece one of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 36 a are the topology views one of the rocker piece two of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 36 b are the topology views two of the rocker piece two of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 37 is the plate shape spring structure schematic diagram of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 38 is the wedge key structural schematic diagram of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces provided by the invention.

Figure 39 is the structural schematic diagram of the ball separators of ball screw assembly, provided by the invention；

Figure 40 be the adjacent ball of any two of the ball screw assembly, provided by the invention when with ball separators with Position relationship schematic diagram between separator.

In the attached drawing of the present invention, the bolt, screw and the positioning pin that are related to are not shown, but do not represent and assembled in correlation In there is no bolt, screw and positioning pin.

The explanation of reference numeral：

In figure, 1. lead screw shaft；The center line of 1c. lead screw shaft；11. the helical tooth in lead screw shaft；11a, 11b. lead screw shaft spiral shell Revolve the raceway groove on flank；2. feed screw nut；21. the helical tooth on feed screw nut；21a, 21b. feed screw nut spiral flank On raceway groove；The transiens curved surface at 21c, 21d. feed screw nut helical tooth both ends；22, the installation on 23. feed screw nuts is singly reversed The threaded hole of face bead reverser；24, the wedge-shaped positioning surface of the single reversed face bead reverser of installation on 25. feed screw nuts；26. The window of the double reversed face bead reversers of installation on feed screw nut；27, the double reversed face balls of the installation on 28. feed screw nuts are anti- To the location hole of device 5；29, the threaded hole of the double reversely face bead reversers 5 of installation on 30. feed screw nuts；3. ball；4. single anti- To face bead reverser；41. the ball reverse leading raceway groove on single reversed face bead reverser；42,43. single reversed face balls are anti- Screw hole on device；The upper surface being located in lead screw shaft spiral alveolar, lower end on the mono- reversed face bead reverser of 4a, 4b. Face；Wedge-shaped positioning surface on the mono- reversed face bead reversers of 4c.；The medial surface of 4d. bead reversers 4；5. pair reversed face ball Reverser；51, the reverse leading raceway groove on 52. pairs of reversed face bead reversers；53, on 54. pairs of reversed face bead reversers Location hole；55, the threaded hole on 56. pairs of reversed face bead reversers；It is located at silk on the bis- reversed face bead reversers of 5a, 5b. Upper surface, lower face in thick stick axis spiral alveolar；61. the backboard of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face；611. single reversed faces Guide groove on the inside of floating type bead reverser backboard；Keyway on the 612. floating type bead reverser backboards in single reversed face；62. The rocker piece of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face；Reversely drawing on the 621. floating type bead reverser rocker pieces in single reversed face Guide channel road；Upper surface, the lower face of the floating type bead reverser rocker piece in the mono- reversed face 62a, 62b.；The mono- reversed face 62c, 62d. The guide surface of floating type bead reverser rocker piece；63. the adjustment block of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face；63a, 63b. are mono- Upper surface, the lower face of the floating type bead reverser adjustment block in reversed face；The floating type bead reverser in the mono- reversed face 63c, 63d. Guide surface in adjustment block；Lozenges in the floating type bead reverser adjustment block in the mono- reversed faces 63e.；631. single reversed faces are floating Spring positioning slot in dynamic formula bead reverser adjustment block；64. the fixed block of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face；65. single The plate shape spring of the floating type bead reverser in reversed face；The primary resilient effect partial of 651. plate shape springs 65；652. plate shape bullets The fixing end of spring 65；66. the wedge key of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face；67. the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face Cover board；71. the backboard of pair floating type bead reverser in reversed face；On the inside of 711. pairs of reversed floating type bead reverser backboards in face Guide groove；Through-hole in the middle part of 712. pairs of reversed floating type bead reverser backboards in face；72,73. pairs of floating type balls in reversed face Two rocker pieces of reverser；721, the ball reverse leading raceway groove on 731. rocker pieces 72 and 73；722,732. rocker piece 72 With the camber of spring guide groove on 73；Upper surface, the lower face of 72a, 72b. rocker piece 72；It is floating on 72c, 72d. rocker piece 72 Action-oriented face；Upper surface, the lower face of 73a, 73b. rocker piece 73；Floating guiding face on 73c, 73d. rocker piece 73；74, 75. the plate shape spring of pair floating type bead reverser in reversed face；The elastic reaction part of 741. plate shape springs 74；742. plate shape bullets The fixing end of spring 74；76. the wedge key of pair floating type bead reverser in reversed face；The wedge-like portion of 761. wedge keies 76；762. The fixing end of wedge key 76；77. plate shape spring bearer plate；78. adjust pad；8. ball separators；8a, 8b. ball separators two The concave curved surface that side is contacted with ball；A, the axial load direction suffered by B. ball screw assembly,s；R1. single arc-shaped ditch Dow process is constituted To the main circular arc of cross section profile；R2, r3. constitute the main circular arc of Gothic raceway groove normal section profile；Δ balls and silk Maximum axial gap between thick stick axis or feed screw nut helical tooth.

Specific implementation mode：

The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below based on attached drawing.

Fig. 1, when the ball screw assembly, is only there are one when complete ball circulation passages, the ball screw assembly, has silk Thick stick axis 1, feed screw nut 2, multiple balls 3 and two bead reversers 4, two of which bead reverser 4 are located at leading screw spiral shell The both ends of female helical tooth.

Fig. 2 has helical tooth 11 on the external cylindrical surface of lead screw shaft 1, spiral is all had on two sides of helical tooth 11 Shape raceway groove, is denoted as 11a and 11b, the two raceway grooves are the screw roller surface of ball 3.The material of lead screw shaft can be selected The methods of turning or milling realization can be used in the processing of the metal materials such as GCr15, helical tooth 11.

Fig. 3 has helical tooth 21 on the inner cylinder face of feed screw nut, spiral shape is all had on two sides of helical tooth Raceway groove is denoted as 21a and 21b respectively, the two raceway grooves are the screw roller surface of ball.The material of feed screw nut can be selected The methods of turning or milling realization can be used in the processing of the metal materials such as GCr15, helical tooth 21.

Fig. 4, the helical tooth 11 of lead screw shaft and the helical tooth 21 of feed screw nut are arranged with interleaved mode in the axial direction, and are had There is the helical pitch of same size, to form two spiral channels in the both sides of helical tooth, multiple balls are in the two spirals It is moved in channel and transmits axial load.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the reversed face bead reverser of two lists 4 are respectively formed one at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth Ball backward channel makes ball move to the other side of feed screw nut helical tooth from the side of feed screw nut helical tooth, thus structure At a complete ball circulation passages.

Fig. 7, when the ball screw assembly, is only there are one when complete ball circulation passages, multiple balls are in circulation canal Form a shuttling movement chain.

Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 has transiens curved surface 21c and 21d at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth 21, and with installation The wedge-shaped positioning surface and threaded hole of bead reverser 4.Method for turning processing, wedge-shaped positioning surface can be used in feed screw nut helical tooth 24 and 25 can be used method for milling processing.

There is ball reversely to draw for Figure 10 and Figure 11, the side towards feed screw nut helical tooth end face on bead reverser 4 The surface in guide channel road 41, the raceway groove is the reverse leading acting surface of ball；Bead reverser 4 is located at lead screw shaft spiral alveolar Interior upper surface, lower face 4a and 4b are helicoid, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of 1 helical tooth of lead screw shaft；It is reversed in ball There is wedge shape positioning surface 4e, the wedge shape positioning surface 4e to coordinate with the lozenges 24 or 25 on feed screw nut for the side of device 4, realize Positioning of the bead reverser 4 on feed screw nut；There is screw hole 41,42, the screw hole 41,42 on bead reverser 4 Coordinate respectively with the threaded hole 22,23 on feed screw nut, realizes that bead reverser 4 is fastened on feed screw nut by screw.Rolling The manufacture of the engineering plastics such as the metal materials such as CrWMn or high-strength nylon can be used in pearl reverser 4, and processing can use casting and powder The methods of metallurgy is realized.

Figure 12, the reverse leading part on bead reverser 4 are located in the spiral alveolar of lead screw shaft, while in order to avoid rolling It is in direct contact between pearl reverser 4 and lead screw shaft, two spiral shape end face 4a, 4b and lead screw shaft spiral shell of bead reverser 4 There is geometric gap between rotation tooth, there is also geometric gaps between the medial surface 4d and lead screw shaft of same bead reverser 4.

Figure 13, in the helical duct of ball, ball and lead screw shaft spiral rolling track face or feed screw nut spiral rolling track face it Between there are axial gap Δs, the axial gap, and ball can be made smoothly to be moved in zero load backward channel, to make ball Swimmingly it is back to the initiating terminal of load path of travel.

Raceway groove normal section contour shape on the spiral flank of Figure 14 and Figure 15, lead screw shaft 1 and feed screw nut 2 is divided equally It is two kinds：One is single arc-shaped, another kind is Gothic.The normal section profile of single arc-shaped raceway groove is mainly by one section of circle Arc r1 is constituted；The normal section profile of Gothic raceway groove is mainly made of two sections of circular arcs r2 and r3.

Figure 16, when the ball screw assembly, has two ball circulation passages, feed screw nut helical tooth 21 is along its spiral Direction is divided into two sections, and has the window 26 of the double reversely face bead reversers 5 of installation between this two sections of helical tooths.

Figure 17 has the dowel hole 27,28 and spiral shell of the double reversed face bead reversers of installation in the outside of feed screw nut Pit 29,210.

Figure 18 and Figure 19, in the both sides of double reversed face bead reversers 5 respectively there are one raceway groove 51 and 52, the two raceway grooves Surface is the reverse leading acting surface of ball.It is similar with single reversed face bead reverser 4, double reversed face bead reversers 5 Upper surface, lower face 5a and 5b in lead screw shaft spiral alveolar are helicoid, and helical pitch and lead screw shaft helical tooth Helical pitch is identical.In order to avoid generating sliding friction between double reversed face bead reversers 5 and lead screw shaft, spiral end face 5a and 5b with There is geometric gap between lead screw shaft helical tooth.In addition, having dowel hole 53,54 on double reversed face bead reversers 5 With screw hole 55,56, the dowel hole 53,54 and screw hole 55,56 respectively with the dowel hole 27,28 on the outside of feed screw nut Coordinate with threaded hole 29,210, for fixing the bead reverser by positioning pin and screw on feed screw nut.Double reversed faces It is material that the engineering plastics such as metals or high-strength nylon such as CrWMn, which can be selected, in the manufacture of bead reverser 5, passes through casting or powder The processing methods such as last metallurgy are realized.

Figure 20 and Figure 21, by the window 26 on feed screw nut, the reverse leading service portion of double reversed face bead reversers 5 Point it extend into the inside of feed screw nut on the outside of feed screw nut, and respectively for the feed screw nut helical tooth end face of both sides, It is logical in the two cycles to be respectively formed a complete ball circulation passages in the both sides of double reversed face bead reversers 5 Two ball-recirculation kinematic chains are formed in road.

Figure 22 and 23 shows the inside structure for the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented.Backboard 61 and solid Determine block 64 to be each attached on feed screw nut, rocker piece 62 and adjustment block 63 can be moved along the guide groove of 61 inside of backboard. Because having plate shape spring 65 between adjustment block 63 and rocker piece 62, and adjustment block 63 is relative to fixed block 64 under normal conditions Position it is constant, so rocker piece can float when being impacted by ball along the guide groove on the inside of backboard.

Figure 24 shows the structure of the backboard 61 for the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented.In backboard 61 Inside has swallow-tail form spiral guide slot 611, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth, because guide groove 611 can Bear tilting moment, it is possible to make rocker piece 62 and adjustment block 63 when being moved along guide groove without departing from guide groove.? Close to the side of fixed block 64 there is keyway 612, wedge key 66 to be penetrated into from the outside of backboard 71 by the keyway on backboard 61 Inside.The materials such as high-strength engineering plastic and metal can be selected in the manufacture of backboard 61, pass through the methods of casting or powder metallurgy system Blank is made, is then finished and is completed with the methods of form milling or grinding.

Figure 25 a and 25b show the structure of the rocker piece 62 for the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented.? The raceway groove 621 that the side of rocker piece 62 has guiding ball reversed；The upper surface of rocker piece 62, lower face 62a and 62b are to lead Journey helicoid identical with lead screw shaft helical tooth；The outside of rocker piece 62 has swallow-tail form guide surface 62c and 62d, is used for and the back of the body The guide groove 611 of 61 inside of plate coordinates.The materials such as high-strength engineering plastic and metal can be selected in the manufacture of rocker piece 62, pass through casting It makes or the methods of powder metallurgy manufacture blank, the methods of milling and grinding finishing is then used to complete.

Figure 26 a, Figure 26 b and Figure 26 c show the adjustment block 63 for the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented Structure, wherein there is lozenges 63e close to the side of fixed block 64, for coordinating with wedge key 66, close to rocker piece 62 Side has groove 631, is used for the displacement of 65 fixing end of restriction plate shape spring.The manufacture of adjustment block 63 can be selected engineering plastics and Then the materials such as metal use the methods of milling finishing to complete by the methods of casting or powder metallurgy manufacture part blank.

Figure 27 shows the structure of the flat spring 65 for the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented, wherein having One end 652 of flanging is fixing end, and the other end is free end, and the bending part 651 at middle part is the primary resilient change of flat spring Shape part.

Figure 28 is shown between the backboard, wedge key and adjustment block of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented Rigging position relationship.

Figure 29 shows the backboard of single reversed floating type bead reverser in face that the present invention is implemented, wedge key, adjustment block and solid Determine the rigging position relationship between block.

Figure 30 is shown between the backboard, fixed block and cover board of the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented Rigging position relationship.

Figure 31 a and 31b show the structure for the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces that the present invention is implemented, rocker piece 72 and 73 It can float along the guide groove 711 of 71 inside of backboard.

Figure 32 and Figure 33 shows that double reversed floating type bead reversers in face that the present invention is implemented are removing rocker piece 72 and 73 Structure later.The elastic reaction part of two plate shape springs 74,75 is respectively positioned between two rocker pieces 72 and 73, and wedge shape The wedge-like portion of key 76 is located between the spring acting portions point of two plate shape springs, passes through the change of 76 adjustable plate shape spring of wedge key Shape amount.Spring bearer plate 77 and adjust pad 78 are equipped between the fixing end and the fixing end of wedge block 76 of plate shape spring 74,75, The position of wedge key 76 is adjusted by changing the thickness of adjust pad 78.

Figure 34 a, 34b show the structure of the backboards 71 for the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces that the present invention is implemented, and are carrying on the back The inside of plate has guide groove 711, and has through-hole 712 at the middle part of backboard, for making plate shape spring 74,75 and wedge key 76 can extend on the outside of backboard on the inside of backboard.The materials such as engineering plastics and metal can be used in the manufacture of backboard 71, pass through The methods of casting or powder metallurgy manufacture blank, then process the knots such as through-hole 712 and guide groove 711 with the methods of milling, grinding Structure.

Figure 35 a, Figure 35 b, Figure 36 a and Figure 36 b show the two of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces that the present invention is implemented The structure of a rocker piece 72,73.The equal raceway groove reversed there are one guiding ball on the two rocker pieces, and the two raceway grooves Respectively for the feed screw nut helical tooth end face of reverser both sides；Upper surface, the lower face of the two rocker pieces are helicoid, And helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；There is camber of spring in the side of the close plate shape spring of the two rocker pieces Guide groove 722,732 is used for the displacement of restraining plate shape spring free end.High intensity engineering can be used in the manufacture of rocker piece 72,73 The materials such as plastics and metal are finished by the methods of casting or powder metallurgy manufacture blank, then with the methods of milling or grinding It completes.

Figure 37 shows the structure of the flat spring 74 for the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces that the present invention is implemented, solid at it There are two through-holes for fixed end 742, are fastened for screw.Plate shape spring 75 is identical as 74 structure.

Figure 38 shows the structure of the wedge keies 76 for double reversed floating type bead reversers in face that the present invention is implemented, and fixes at it There are four counter sinks at end 762, are also used for screw fastening.

Figure 39 shows the ball screw assembly, implemented of the present invention when with ball separators, two adjacent balls with wherein Between separator position relationship.In a ball-recirculation chain, the quantity of separator determines according to requirements.

Figure 40 shows the structure for the ball separators 8 that the present invention is implemented, two side 8a, 8b for being contacted with ball are Concave ball surfaces, and the radius of the two concave ball surfaces is all higher than the radius of ball.

A kind of ball screw assembly, including lead screw shaft 1, feed screw nut 2, ball 3 and bead reverser 4.The lead screw shaft 1 There is helical tooth 11 on external cylindrical surface, there is helical tooth 21, the helical tooth 11 and silk of lead screw shaft on the inner cylinder face of feed screw nut 2 The helical tooth 21 of thick stick nut is arranged with interleaved mode in the axial direction, i.e., the helical tooth 11 of the described lead screw shaft is located at feed screw nut spiral Between the tooth socket of tooth 21, while the helical tooth 21 of feed screw nut also is located between the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth 11, in helical tooth Both sides form two spirality channels, the i.e. helical duct one and helical duct two of ball.In lead screw shaft helical tooth and leading screw Has spiral shape raceway groove (11a, 11b, 21a, 21b) on nut screw flank, the surface of these raceway grooves is the spiral of ball Move roller surface.At the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth 21, there are one single reversed face bead reverser 4, bead reversers 4 respectively A ball backward channel is respectively formed at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth, i.e. ball backward channel one and ball reversely leads to Ball can be guided its other side by road two by the two backward channels from the arbitrary side of feed screw nut helical tooth, to Around feed screw nut screw serrated form at a complete roller circulation canal.It is more in a complete ball circulation passages One ball-recirculation chain of a ball arrangement form.

The helical duct one and helical duct two are both the load path of travel of ball and the zero load return of ball Channel, i.e.,：When Axial Loads of the ball screw assembly, by any direction (A to or B to), the ball screw is logical The channel that axial load is transmitted in road one and ball screw channel two is the load path of travel of ball, another is then simultaneously As the zero load backward channel of ball, when axial load is reversed, former load path of travel becomes zero load backward channel, together When former zero load backward channel become load path of travel.Ball and lead screw shaft spiral rolling track face or feed screw nut spiral rolling track face Between axial maximal clearance allow ball swimmingly moved in its zero load backward channel.

In the helical duct one and helical duct two, contact angle α direction of the ball when transmitting axial load on the contrary, Therefore the ball in the two channels can be respectively used for transmitting the opposite axial load in direction.

Raceway groove normal section contour shape on the spiral flank of the lead screw shaft 1 and feed screw nut 2 has single circular arc Two kinds of shape and Gothic.The normal section profile of the arc-shaped raceway groove of list is mainly made of one section of circular arc (r1), described double The normal section profile of arc-shaped raceway groove is mainly made of two sections of circular arcs (r2 and r3).When the lead screw shaft 1 and feed screw nut 2 are matched When set, the raceway groove normal section contour shape on spiral flank is identical.

The both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth 21 have transiens curved surface 21c, 21d.

The ball screw assembly, allows have two or more complete ball circulation passages.When the ball-screw When pair has two or more complete ball circulation passages, feed screw nut helical tooth 21 is divided into its hand of spiral and not connecting Continuous two sections or multistage, and the both ends of every section of feed screw nut helical tooth all have transiens curved surface；In adjacent arbitrary two sections of silks All there are one neutral gears between thick stick nut screw increment face, and double reversed face bead reversers 5 are arranged in the neutral gear；Because of the rolling Pearl helical duct one and helical duct two are separated into two sections or multistage by double reversed face bead reversers 5, so every section of leading screw Nut screw tooth and the bead reverser (4 or 5) at its both ends are respectively formed a complete ball circulation passages, and at each It may have a ball-recirculation chain in circulation canal.

It is anti-on reverse leading raceway groove 41 and double reversed face bead reversers 5 on the reversed face bead reverser of the list 4 To between guiding raceway groove 51,52 to be all located at the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth, and towards the end face of feed screw nut helical tooth.Ball is anti- Upper surface, lower face to the reverse leading part of device 4 and 5 are helicoid identical with lead screw shaft helical tooth helical pitch, and There is geometric gap between adjacent lead screw shaft spiral flank.

The ball screw assembly, allows to use floating type bead reverser.When the ball screw assembly, uses floating type rolling When pearl reverser, the reversed face bead reverser 4 of list and double reversely face bead reversers 5 are respectively by single reversed floating type rolling in face Pearl reverser and double reversed floating type bead reversers in face substitute.

The floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list mainly by backboard 61, rocker piece 62, adjustment block 63, fixed block 64, Plate shape spring 65, wedge key 66 and cover board 67 are constituted；Backboard 61 is fixed on the leading screw by screw together with fixed block 64 On nut, inside has a guide groove 611, and the guide tracks of guide groove 611 are a helix, and helical pitch and the lead screw shaft spiral shell The helical pitch for revolving tooth is identical；The rocker piece 62 and adjustment block 63 are equipped with guide surface 62c, 62d, 63c and 63d, these guiding Guide groove 611 of the face with 61 inside of backboard coordinates, and rocker piece and adjustment block is enable to be moved along backboard guide groove 611；Wedge Between fixed block 64 and adjustment block 63, the lozenges of wedge key 66 coordinates shape key 66 with the lozenges 63e of adjustment block 63；Plate For shape spring 65 between adjustment block 63 and rocker piece 62, the fixing end 652 of plate shape spring 65 is embedded in the groove 631 of adjustment block 63 Interior, when flexible deformation occurs for plate shape spring 65, the position of fixing end 652 is relatively fixed, and the other end can be in adjustment block On move freely through；Adjustment block 63 can be made to be moved along backboard guide groove 611 by adjusting the position of wedge key 66, so as to To change the compression deformation of the distance between adjustment block 63 and rocker piece 62 and plate shape spring 65；Have on rocker piece 62 The raceway groove 621 for guiding ball reversed, when ball has just enter into backward channel, rocker piece 62 being capable of edge under the percussion of ball The floating of backboard guide groove 611；The upper surface of rocker piece 62 and adjustment block 63, lower face (62a, 62b, 63a and 63b) are spiral shell Radial facing, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；The cover board 67 is located on the outside of the big end of wedge key 66, and in cover board There is adjust pad, the thickness by changing adjust pad can adjust wedge key 66 between 67 and fixed block 64 and backboard 61 Position.

The floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces is mainly by backboard 71, rocker piece 72, rocker piece 73, plate shape spring 74 It is constituted with 75, wedge key 76, spring bearer plate 77 and adjust pad 78；There is guide groove 711, guide groove in the inside of backboard 71 711 guide tracks are a helix, and helical pitch is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth 11；It is equipped on rocker piece 72 and 73 Floating guiding face 72c, 72d, 73c and 73d, described floating guiding face 72c, 72d, 73c, 73d match with the guide groove of backboard 711 It closes, rocker piece is enable to be moved along backboard guide groove 711；It is each on rocker piece 72 and 73 that there are one ball reverse leading ditches Road, end face of the two raceway grooves respectively for the feed screw nut helical tooth of 7 both sides of reverser；The knot of two plate shape springs 74,75 Structure is identical, and is respectively positioned between two rocker pieces 72 and 73 with wedge key 76, and the deflection of plate shape spring 74 and 75 can lead to Cross the adjusting of wedge key 76；The middle part of backboard 71 has through-hole 712, the bullet of the wedge-like portion and plate shape spring 74,75 of wedge key 76 Property the equal through hole 712 of effect partial penetrate on the outside of the backboard on the inside of backboard；Spring bearer plate 77 and adjust pad 78 are respectively positioned on plate Between shape spring 74,75 and the fixing end of wedge key 76, the thickness by changing adjust pad 78 can adjust 76 phase of wedge key For the position of plate shape spring 74 and 75, and then can be with the deflection of adjustment plate shape spring and the size of pretightning force；Wedge key 76, plate shape spring 74 and 75, spring bearer plate 77 and adjust pad 78 are fixed by screws on backboard 71.

Fixed form of the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list on feed screw nut 2 and non-floating type list are reversed Fixed form of the face bead reverser 4 on feed screw nut 2 is identical；The floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces is in leading screw spiral shell Fixed form on mother 2 is identical as fixed form of the non-floating type double reversed face bead reversers 5 on feed screw nut 2.

In the ball circulation passages of the ball screw assembly, allow that ball separators 8 are arranged between adjacent ball. When having separator 8 between ball, it can be in direct contact or collide to avoid between adjacent ball, to be conducive to subtract Small vibration and noise；Two the sides 8a and 8b contacted with ball on ball separators 8 are concave ball surfaces, and the two The radius of concave ball surfaces is all higher than ball bearing radius.

The ball screw assembly, that the present invention is implemented is not limited to the structure of only one or two ball circulation passages, also includes tool There is the structure of multiple ball circulation passages.When the ball screw assembly, has n (n > 2) a ball circulation passages, feed screw nut Helical tooth 21 is divided into n sections discontinuous along its hand of spiral, has between adjacent arbitrary two sections of feed screw nut helical tooths One double reversed face bead reverser, and in the initiating terminal of first feed screw nut helical tooth and the last one leading screw helical tooth Terminal it is also each there are one bead reversers, at this moment the total quantity of bead reverser is n+1.In order to make the knot of ball screw assembly, Structure is compact, and bead reverser is uniformly distributed on the circumferencial direction of feed screw nut, for example, when the ball screw assembly, tool there are two, Three or when four ball circulation passages, at equal intervals angle of the bead reverser on feed screw nut circumferencial direction is respectively 180 °, 120 ° and 90 °.

The lead screw shaft 1 for the ball screw assembly, that the present invention is implemented is not limited to solid shafting, also includes hollow shaft.

The ball for the ball screw assembly, that the present invention is implemented is not limited to metal balls, also includes the nonmetallic balls such as ceramics.

It is between the rocker piece 62 and adjustment block 63 for the floating type bead reverser in single reversed face that the present invention is implemented and double Damping element can be set between two rocker pieces 72,73 of the floating type bead reverser in reversed face, to further decrease rolling Pearl impacts vibration and noise caused by reverser.

The ball screw assembly, of the present invention is when by the opposite Axial Loads in direction, due to its internal axial gap In the presence of axial float may occur for the lead screw shaft or feed screw nut, be kept away in this regard, double lead-screw nut adjustment pre-tension method can be used Exempt from.So-called double lead-screw nut adjusts pre-tension method, is exactly two feed screw nuts of assembly in same root lead screw shaft, by adjusting two Axial position between a feed screw nut makes the ball in the two feed screw nuts bear the opposite pretightning force in direction, because two The contact angular direction of the ball of pretightning force is born in a feed screw nut on the contrary, so the ball in the two feed screw nuts can be distinguished The opposite axial load in direction is born, there are one the axial floats occurred when feed screw nut so as to avoid only.In existing skill In art, the double lead-screw nut adjustment pre-tension method of ball screw assembly, includes double nut tooth differential adjustment preload method, Double-nut threaded Formula adjusts preload method, double-nut gasket type adjustment preload method etc., these methods can also be used in the ball screw assembly, that the present invention is implemented It is adjusted and pre-tightens.

Ball screw assembly, provided by the invention is not limited to the above embodiment, also can realize its structure and work(comprising other The embodiment of energy.

Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the scope of the present invention It is defined, under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, various modifications of the relevant technical staff in the field to the present invention And improvement, it should all expand in the protection domain as determined by claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of ball screw assembly, including lead screw shaft, feed screw nut, ball and bead reverser, in the outer circle of the lead screw shaft Helical tooth is all had on the inner cylinder face of cylinder and feed screw nut, and lead screw shaft helical tooth and feed screw nut helical tooth are in axial direction On configured with interleaved mode, i.e., the helical tooth of lead screw shaft is located between the tooth socket of feed screw nut helical tooth, and the spiral shell of feed screw nut Tooth position is revolved between the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth；At two of two sides of lead screw shaft helical tooth and feed screw nut helical tooth Spiral shape raceway groove is all had on side, the hand of spiral and helical pitch of the spiral shape raceway groove are identical as helical tooth；With the spiral shell Revolve screw roller surface of the spiral shape raceway groove on flank as ball, two spiral shells on the lead screw shaft spiral flank It revolves shape raceway groove and forms two spiral ball moving channels with two spiral shape raceway grooves on feed screw nut spiral flank, point It is not denoted as ball screw channel one and ball screw channel two；It is each at the both ends of the feed screw nut helical tooth that there are one balls Reverser, the bead reverser are respectively formed a ball backward channel at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth, are denoted as rolling Pearl backward channel one and ball backward channel two, ball can be from the arbitrary sides of nut screw tooth by the two backward channels Move to the other side；The ball screw channel one, ball screw channel two, ball backward channel one and ball backward channel two A complete ball circulation passages are collectively formed, multiple balls form a movement in a complete ball circulation passages Endless-chain.

2. ball screw assembly, as described in claim 1, characterized in that the ball screw channel one and ball screw channel two It is both the load path of travel of ball and the zero load backward channel of ball；When the ball screw assembly, bears axial load When, it is logical that ball transmits axial load in the ball screw channel one and channel two a channel is that the load of ball is advanced Road, another channel then zero load backward channel as ball simultaneously；When axial load is reversed, former ball load is advanced logical Road is changed into the zero load backward channel of ball, while the former zero load backward channel of ball is changed into ball load path of travel；? The ball and lead screw shaft spiral rolling track face or axial gap, the axial gap are equipped between feed screw nut spiral rolling track face Be sized to allow ball swimmingly moved in its zero load backward channel.

3. ball screw assembly, as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that in the ball screw channel one and ball screw channel In two, contact point of the ball when transmitting axial load with lead screw shaft spiral rolling track face and feed screw nut spiral rolling track face is respectively positioned on In the normal section of helical duct, and in the normal section of the two helical ducts, ball center and raceway contact point The between perpendiculars angle direction of line and helical duct rotating shaft is on the contrary, the direction of i.e. contact angle α is opposite.

4. ball screw assembly, as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that spiral shape raceway groove on the lead screw shaft spiral flank Normal section contour shape includes single arc-shaped and two kinds of Gothic, and the normal section profile of the arc-shaped raceway groove of list is main It is made of one section of circular arc, the normal section profile of the Gothic raceway groove is mainly made of two sections of circular arcs；Equally, the leading screw The normal section contour shape of spiral shape raceway groove also includes single arc-shaped and two kinds of Gothic on nut screw flank；It is described Raceway groove on feed screw nut spiral flank all has transiens curved surface at the both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth.

5. ball screw assembly, as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the reverse leading acting surface on the bead reverser is equal Between the tooth socket of lead screw shaft helical tooth, and towards the end face of feed screw nut helical tooth；When on the bead reverser only When side has ball reverse leading acting surface, it is denoted as single reversed face bead reverser；When both sides are equal on the bead reverser When with ball reverse leading acting surface, it is denoted as double reversed face bead reversers, two on double reversed face bead reversers End face of a reverse leading acting surface respectively for the feed screw nut helical tooth of the reverser both sides；On the bead reverser Upper surface, lower face in lead screw shaft spiral alveolar are helicoid, helical pitch with the helical pitch phase of lead screw shaft helical tooth Together, and between the two end faces and adjacent lead screw shaft spiral flank there is geometric gap.

6. ball screw assembly, as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the ball screw assembly, has two or more complete Ball circulation passages, the feed screw nut helical tooth are divided into discontinuous two sections or multistage, and every section in its hand of spiral The both ends of feed screw nut helical tooth all have transiens curved surface；Between adjacent arbitrary two sections of feed screw nut helical tooths end face all If there are one neutral gear, double reversed face bead reversers, the ball screw channel one and ball screw are provided in the neutral gear Channel two is separated into two sections or multistage by double reversed face bead reversers；Every section of helical tooth of the feed screw nut and its both ends Bead reverser all form a complete ball circulation passages, multiple balls form one in each circulation canal Motion cycle chain.

7. such as ball screw assembly, described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the ball screw assembly, is anti-using floating type ball To device, ball reverse leading acting surface on the floating type bead reverser can be along under the impact loading of ball The spiral alveolar of lead screw shaft floats, and has rigidity and the damping for meeting requirement on the floating direction；When described floating Dynamic formula bead reverser only has that there are one when ball reverse leading acting surface, be denoted as single reversed floating type bead reverser in face；When There are two when reverse leading acting surface, be denoted as the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces for tool；When the ball screw assembly, is using floating When dynamic formula bead reverser, the reversed face bead reverser of list and double reversed face bead reversers are floated with single reversed face respectively Formula bead reverser and double reversed floating type bead reversers in face replace.

8. ball screw assembly, as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the floating type bead reverser in the reversed face of list includes the back of the body Plate, rocker piece, adjustment block, fixed block, elastic element, wedge key and cover board；The backboard is fixed on feed screw nut, in backboard Inside is equipped with guide groove, and the guide tracks of the guide groove are a helix, the helical pitch of helix and the lead screw shaft spiral alveolar Helical pitch it is identical；Guide surface is equipped on the rocker piece and adjustment block, the guide surface can make rocker piece and adjustment block edge The guide groove movement on backboard；The fixed block is fixed on feed screw nut, and the wedge key is located at fixed block and adjustment block Between, the elastic element, by adjusting the position of wedge key, makes adjustment block along backboard between adjustment block and rocker piece On guide groove movement, to change the deflection of the distance between adjustment block and rocker piece and elastic element；The floating There is ball reverse leading acting surface, the elastic element applies pretightning force after compressive deformation to rocker piece, to make on block Rocker piece can float when being impacted by ball along backboard guide groove；Upper surface, lower face and the tune of the rocker piece Upper surface, the lower face of monoblock are helicoid, and the helical pitch of helicoid is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；Institute It states cover board to be located on the outside of the big end of wedge key, adjust pad is equipped between cover board and fixed block, by changing adjust pad Thickness is adjusted the position of wedge key.

9. ball screw assembly, as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces includes the back of the body Plate, rocker piece one, rocker piece two, wedge key, elastic element and adjust pad；The inside of the backboard has guide groove, this is led It is a helix to the guide tracks of slot, the helical pitch of helix is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；The rocker piece One and rocker piece two on be equipped with floating guiding face, the floating guiding face can be such that rocker piece is moved along the guide groove on backboard It is dynamic；A ball reverse leading raceway groove is respectively equipped on the rocker piece one and rocker piece two, the two ball reverse leading ditches End face of the road respectively for the feed screw nut helical tooth of the reverser both sides；The upper surface of the rocker piece one and rocker piece two, Lower face is helicoid, and the helical pitch of helicoid is identical as the helical pitch of lead screw shaft helical tooth；The elastic element The wedge-like portion of elastic reaction part and wedge key is respectively positioned between the rocker piece one and rocker piece two, is adjusted by wedge key The deflection of elastic element, elastic element apply pretightning force after compressive deformation to rocker piece；The middle part of the backboard has logical Hole, the elastic reaction part of the elastic element and the wedge-like portion of wedge key are penetrated into from the through-hole in the middle part of backboard in backboard Side；The fixing end of the elastic element and wedge key is respectively positioned on the outside of the backboard, and the adjust pad is located at the elasticity Between element and the fixing end of wedge key, the thickness by changing adjust pad adjusts opposite between wedge key and elastic element Position, so as to change the deflection of elastic element and the size of pretightning force；The wedge key, elastic element and adjusting pad Piece is each attached on the backboard of the floating type bead reverser in double reversed faces.

10. the ball screw assembly, as described in any one of claim 1-6, characterized in that in the rolling of the ball screw assembly, In pearl circulation canal, the separator for separating adjacent ball, the ball separators are respectively set between adjacent ball Upper two sides contacted with ball are concave ball surfaces, and the radius of the two concave ball surfaces is all higher than ball bearing radius.

11. ball screw assembly, as described in claim 7, characterized in that in the ball circulation passages of the ball screw assembly, It is interior, the separator for separating adjacent ball is respectively set between adjacent ball, is connect with ball on the ball separators Two tactile sides are concave ball surfaces, and the radius of the two concave ball surfaces is all higher than ball bearing radius.

12. the ball screw assembly, as described in any one of claim 1-6, characterized in that the screw pair is using double Feed screw nut is adjusted and is pre-tightened, and the double lead-screw nut adjustment of the ball screw assembly, and pre-tension method include double nut tooth differential tune Whole preload, the adjustment of Double-nut threaded formula pre-tighten, double-nut gasket type adjustment pre-tightens.

13. ball screw assembly, as described in claim 7, characterized in that the screw pair uses double lead-screw nut tune Whole and preload, the double lead-screw nut adjustment of the ball screw assembly, and pre-tension method include that the adjustment of double nut tooth differential pre-tightens, is double The adjustment of nut thread formula pre-tightens, double-nut gasket type adjustment pre-tightens.

14. ball screw assembly, as described in claim 10, characterized in that the screw pair uses double lead-screw nut tune Whole and preload, the double lead-screw nut adjustment of the ball screw assembly, and pre-tension method include that the adjustment of double nut tooth differential pre-tightens, is double The adjustment of nut thread formula pre-tightens, double-nut gasket type adjustment pre-tightens.

15. ball screw assembly, as described in claim 11, characterized in that the screw pair uses double lead-screw nut tune Whole and preload, the double lead-screw nut adjustment of the ball screw assembly, and pre-tension method include that the adjustment of double nut tooth differential pre-tightens, is double The adjustment of nut thread formula pre-tightens, double-nut gasket type adjustment pre-tightens.