CN108754479B - Zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on high-pressure closed circulation system - Google Patents

Zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on high-pressure closed circulation system Download PDF

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CN108754479B
CN108754479B CN201810709238.XA CN201810709238A CN108754479B CN 108754479 B CN108754479 B CN 108754479B CN 201810709238 A CN201810709238 A CN 201810709238A CN 108754479 B CN108754479 B CN 108754479B
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pressure
kettle
phosphating
workpiece
pressure kettle
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CN108754479A (en
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杨景峰
郁伟荣
沈鹏
汪海斌
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/82—After-treatment
    • C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents

Abstract

The invention discloses zero-emission phosphating based on a high-pressure closed circulating systemThe saponification method comprises a high-pressure kettle, a separation kettle, a buffer kettle and a hydraulic pump; the method comprises the following steps: step one, a workpiece is placed into a high-pressure kettle, and then the high-pressure kettle is sealed to enable the pressure-resistant range of the high-pressure kettle to be more than 20 MPa; step two, CO2Removing oil and rust; step three, circulating separation; step four, high-pressure phosphorization; step five, circularly separating the second step; step six, high-pressure saponification; step seven, circularly separating; and step eight, opening the autoclave, and ventilating and drying. By adopting the technical scheme, the use amount of acid, alkali and industrial water can be greatly reduced, the labor condition is good, production residues are convenient to collect and treat, sewage is not generated, the problem of environmental pollution is not caused, and zero emission is realized.

Description

Zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on high-pressure closed circulation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of phosphating and saponification pretreatment in the metal cold processing industry, in particular to a zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on a high-pressure closed circulation system.
Background
In the metal cold processing industry, when the working procedures of wire drawing, extrusion, deep drawing and the like are carried out, firstly, phosphorization-saponification treatment is carried out on the surface of a workpiece, and after the treatment, the friction between the workpiece and a die can be reduced, so that a good lubricating effect is achieved.
The specific process flow of the phosphating treatment comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out oil and rust removal treatment on the surface of a metal workpiece through acid and alkali, and cleaning the surface of the treated metal workpiece by adopting water; and secondly, carrying out zinc series phosphating treatment, cleaning the surface of the treated metal workpiece by using water, carrying out saponification treatment on the surface of the metal workpiece by using sodium stearate, and drying after the treatment is finished. The reason for adopting zinc series phosphating is that a zinc stearate layer with good lubricating property is formed after a zinc series phosphating film is saponified, and the operation temperature of zinc series phosphating is lower, so that phosphating can be carried out at 40, 60 or 90 ℃.
When the metal workpiece is derusted by adopting the process, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid are respectively used for cleaning and derusting according to different metals, yellow and red smog which is toxic and irritating to people is generated, serious corrosive three-waste pollution is generated, and the metal of a cleaned part is easy to be self-cleaned: over corrosion is formed by dissolution of the outer layer, hydrogen is permeated in the inner part to generate hydrogen embrittlement, the use safety is endangered, and the service life is shortened. In addition, the whole process needs to be washed by water for many times, and the waste working solution is diluted by washing by water, so that a large amount of water resources are consumed and lost, and serious pollution and great waste are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-pressure closed circulating system and a zero-emission phosphating and saponification method adopting the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on a high-pressure closed circulation system comprises a high-pressure kettle, a separation kettle, a buffer kettle, a hydraulic pump and a recovery barrel; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, a workpiece is placed into a high-pressure kettle, and then the high-pressure kettle is sealed to enable the pressure-resistant range of the high-pressure kettle to be more than 20 MPa;
step two, CO2The method comprises the following steps of (1) removing oil and rust, wherein carbon dioxide is buffered by a buffer kettle and then is conveyed to a high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and then high-pressure carbon dioxide airflow is sprayed to a workpiece through a Venturi nozzle in the high-pressure kettle to remove the rust and the rust of the workpiece;
step three, circulating separation: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying into autoclave for circulation cleaning until the autoclave is clean, and oil stain and solid residue are treated with supercritical CO2Push into minuteSeparating from the kettle;
step four, high-pressure phosphorization: pressurizing and injecting the phosphating solution into the high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and mixing and diluting the phosphating solution with high-pressure fluid in the kettle under the action of a stirrer of the high-pressure kettle; heating the autoclave to a reaction temperature, and carrying out phosphating treatment on the surface of the workpiece; the phosphating solution generates chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to form a phosphating film; after the reaction is finished, guiding the fluid in the high-pressure kettle out to a separation kettle, and separating and collecting the residue after the phosphorization;
step five, circularly separating: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying the mixture into a high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning until the high-pressure kettle is clean;
step six, high-pressure saponification: pressurizing and injecting the saponified liquid into the high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and mixing and diluting the saponified liquid with high-pressure fluid in the kettle under the action of a stirrer of the high-pressure kettle; heating the autoclave to a reaction temperature, and saponifying the surface of the workpiece; the saponification liquid is subjected to chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to form a saponification film; after the reaction is finished, guiding the fluid in the high-pressure kettle out to a separation kettle, and separating and collecting the saponified residue;
step seven, circularly separating: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying the mixture into a high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning until the high-pressure kettle is clean;
step eight, drying: the autoclave was opened and air dried.
And in the fifth step and the seventh step, the carbon dioxide separated from the separation kettle is refrigerated and pressurized, and then is introduced into an autoclave for circular cleaning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that after the technical scheme of the application is adopted, the solubility of oil stain, phosphoric acid, phosphate and sodium stearate can be changed by adjusting the change of temperature and pressure, the purposes of circular separation and collection are achieved, the use amount of acid, alkali and industrial water is greatly reduced, chemical solution flows in a closed pipeline, no volatilization and leakage exists, sewage and waste liquid are not discharged to the environment, the labor condition is good, the production residues are convenient to collect and treat, and the environmental pollution is not caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the steps of a zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on a high-pressure closed circulation system.
FIG. 2 is a system schematic block diagram of a zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on a high-pressure closed circulation system.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on a high-pressure closed circulation system comprises an autoclave, a separation kettle, a buffer kettle, a hydraulic pump and a recycling bin; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, a workpiece is placed into a high-pressure kettle, and then the high-pressure kettle is sealed to enable the pressure-resistant range of the high-pressure kettle to be more than 20 MPa;
step two, CO2The method comprises the following steps of (1) removing oil and rust, wherein carbon dioxide is buffered by a buffer kettle and then is conveyed to a high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and then high-pressure carbon dioxide airflow is sprayed to a workpiece through a Venturi nozzle in the high-pressure kettle to remove the rust and the rust of the workpiece; in the step, the kinetic energy momentum of the generated carbon dioxide snow (containing small dry ice particles) is mainly used for removing rust, and the chemical dissolution effect of the carbon dioxide snow is used for removing oil; then introducing supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, leading the oil stains and solid particles in the container out to a separation kettle by utilizing the dissolving action and the scouring action of the supercritical fluid, and separating and collecting;
step three, circulating separation: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying into autoclave for circulation cleaning until the autoclave is clean, and oil stain and solid residue are treated with supercritical CO2Pushing into a separation kettle;
step four, high-pressure phosphorization: pressurizing and injecting the phosphating solution into the high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and mixing and diluting the phosphating solution with high-pressure fluid in the kettle under the action of a stirrer of the high-pressure kettle; heating the autoclave to a reaction temperature, and carrying out phosphating treatment on the surface of the workpiece; the phosphating solution generates chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to form a phosphating film; after the reaction is finished, guiding the fluid in the high-pressure kettle out to a separation kettle, and separating and collecting the residue after the phosphorization;
step five, circularly separating: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying the mixture into a high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning until the high-pressure kettle is clean; and (4) refrigerating and pressurizing the carbon dioxide separated by the separation kettle, and then introducing into the high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning.
Step six, high-pressure saponification: pressurizing and injecting the saponified liquid into the high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and mixing and diluting the saponified liquid with high-pressure fluid in the kettle under the action of a stirrer of the high-pressure kettle; heating the autoclave to a reaction temperature, and saponifying the surface of the workpiece; the saponification liquid is subjected to chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to form a saponification film; after the reaction is finished, guiding the fluid in the high-pressure kettle out to a separation kettle, and separating and collecting the saponified residue;
step seven, circularly separating: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying the mixture into a high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning until the high-pressure kettle is clean; and (4) refrigerating and pressurizing the carbon dioxide separated by the separation kettle, and then introducing into the high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning.
Step eight, drying: the autoclave was opened and air dried.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone with the present teaching, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on a high-pressure closed circulation system comprises a high-pressure kettle, a separation kettle, a buffer kettle, a hydraulic pump and a recovery barrel; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, a workpiece is placed into a high-pressure kettle, and then the high-pressure kettle is sealed to enable the pressure-resistant range of the high-pressure kettle to be more than 20 MPa;
step two, CO2Deoiling and derusting, buffering carbon dioxide in a buffer kettle, delivering to a high-pressure kettle by a hydraulic pump, and spraying high-pressure carbon dioxide to a workpiece by a Venturi nozzle in the high-pressure kettleCarrying out rust and oil removal treatment on the workpiece by using the carbon-dissolving airflow;
step three, circulating separation: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying into autoclave for circulation cleaning until the autoclave is clean, and oil stain and solid residue are treated with supercritical CO2Pushing into a separation kettle;
step four, high-pressure phosphorization: pressurizing and injecting the phosphating solution into the high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and mixing and diluting the phosphating solution with high-pressure fluid in the kettle under the action of a stirrer of the high-pressure kettle; heating the autoclave to a reaction temperature, and carrying out phosphating treatment on the surface of the workpiece; the phosphating solution generates chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to form a phosphating film; after the reaction is finished, guiding the fluid in the high-pressure kettle out to a separation kettle, and separating and collecting the residue after the phosphorization;
step five, circularly separating: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying the mixture into a high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning until the high-pressure kettle is clean;
step six, high-pressure saponification: pressurizing and injecting the saponified liquid into the high-pressure kettle through a hydraulic pump, and mixing and diluting the saponified liquid with high-pressure fluid in the kettle under the action of a stirrer of the high-pressure kettle; heating the autoclave to a reaction temperature, and saponifying the surface of the workpiece; the saponification liquid is subjected to chemical reaction on the surface of the workpiece to form a saponification film; after the reaction is finished, guiding the fluid in the high-pressure kettle out to a separation kettle, and separating and collecting the saponified residue;
step seven, circularly separating: supercritical CO generation by means of buffer vessel and hydraulic pump2Conveying the mixture into a high-pressure kettle for circular cleaning until the high-pressure kettle is clean;
step eight, drying: the autoclave was opened and air dried.
2. The high-pressure closed circulation system-based zero-emission phosphating and saponification method according to claim 1, wherein carbon dioxide separated from the separation kettle in the fifth step and the seventh step is subjected to refrigeration and pressurization, and then is introduced into an autoclave for cyclic cleaning.
CN201810709238.XA 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on high-pressure closed circulation system Active CN108754479B (en)

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CN201810709238.XA CN108754479B (en) 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Zero-emission phosphating and saponification method based on high-pressure closed circulation system
EP18187806.7A EP3591091B1 (en) 2018-07-02 2018-08-07 Method for zero-discharge phosphatization and saponification based on high-pressure closed circulation system
TW107129772A TWI668328B (en) 2018-07-02 2018-08-27 Method for zero-discharge phosphatization and saponification based on high-pressure closed circulation system

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TW202006185A (en) 2020-02-01

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