CN108754182B - Resource treatment method for aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag - Google Patents
Resource treatment method for aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN108754182B CN108754182B CN201810667811.5A CN201810667811A CN108754182B CN 108754182 B CN108754182 B CN 108754182B CN 201810667811 A CN201810667811 A CN 201810667811A CN 108754182 B CN108754182 B CN 108754182B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/062—Obtaining aluminium refining using salt or fluxing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
- C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recycling aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag, which takes the aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process as a raw material, and obtains a cement accelerator product and an aluminum ingot casting refining agent product after the aluminum slag is subjected to air separation, high-temperature sintering, high-temperature dust collection, low-temperature dust collection and other processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a resource treatment method of aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive recycling of aluminum processing wastes.
Background
The consumption of aluminum profiles in China has been rapidly increased since 2001. For years, the aluminum profile consumption market has become the largest global aluminum profile consumption, and accounts for about 58% of the global aluminum profile consumption. In 2012 to 2016, about 1256, 1396, 1544, 1682 and 1882 million tons of aluminum profile products are respectively consumed in China.
A large amount of solid pollutants are generated in the aluminum material processing process, and the fused cast aluminum slag is one of the aluminum materials with larger yield. The aluminum slag is some impure mixed metal slag generated in aluminum smelting, the fused cast aluminum slag usually contains a certain amount of fluorine, the leaching toxicity test of the fused cast aluminum slag usually exceeds the requirements of general industrial second-class solid wastes, and if the fused cast aluminum slag is not properly treated, the fused cast aluminum slag not only wastes resources, but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, the development of a method for economically and effectively treating the aluminum slag as resources is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resource treatment method of aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag, which takes the aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process as a raw material and obtains a cement accelerator product and a refining agent product required by aluminum ingot casting after the processes of air separation, high-temperature sintering, high-temperature dust collection, low-temperature dust collection and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a resource treatment method of aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag comprises the following specific steps:
(1) loading aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process into wind power sorting equipment, and separating metal aluminum alloy in the aluminum slag through wind power sorting;
(2) placing the aluminum slag separated in the step (1) into a fluidized bed furnace, adding one or a mixture of more than one of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate into the fluidized bed furnace, recovering aluminum slag calcine at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace after reaction, and obtaining high-temperature dust-containing flue gas at the top of the fluidized bed furnace;
(3) performing high-temperature treatment on the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas obtained in the step (2) to obtain dust and flue gas, mixing the dust with the aluminum slag calcine obtained in the step (2) to obtain a mixture, and adding ferric oxide into the mixture to obtain a cement accelerator;
(4) and (3) after the flue gas obtained after the high-temperature treatment in the step (3) is subjected to low-temperature treatment, the flue gas rich in fluorine and chlorine is desublimated to form dust, the dust is collected, sodium nitrate and/or sodium chloride are/is added into the dust to prepare a refining agent used in the aluminum ingot casting process, and the non-desublimated and dedusted low-dust gas is treated and then is discharged.
The reaction temperature in the step (2) is 900-1300 DEG CoC。
And (4) performing high-temperature treatment in the step (3) by using a high-temperature dust remover, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature dust remover is 700-900 ℃.
And (4) the low-temperature treatment equipment in the step (4) is a low-temperature dust remover, and the temperature of the low-temperature treatment is 200-300 ℃.
And (4) carrying out low-temperature treatment in the step (4) by adopting a low-temperature dust remover, wherein the temperature of the low-temperature dust remover is 200-300 ℃.
In the step (2), the mass ratio of the aluminum slag to the added mixture is 1: 0.2-5.
The mass ratio of the aluminum slag calcine to the ferric oxide in the step (3) is 1: 0.2-0.6.
And (2) the pneumatic separation equipment in the step (1) is a pneumatic separator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention realizes the comprehensive recycling of the aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag, and can prepare cement accelerator products and aluminum ingot casting refining agent products.
(2) The invention realizes harmless and resource treatment of hazardous waste, and the obtained product can be applied to actual production.
(3) The invention is simple and easy to implement, has high environmental protection benefit, high production efficiency, less equipment investment and low energy consumption.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the aluminum slag is treated by economic and effective resource treatment, the cement accelerator product and the aluminum ingot casting refining agent product are prepared while the aluminum slag is treated, the comprehensive utilization of the aluminum slag treatment is realized, the method is simple, the operation is easy, the method is green and environment-friendly, and the application prospect is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the above-described examples.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the method for recycling the aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag comprises the following specific steps:
loading aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process into a wind power sorting machine, separating metal aluminum alloy in the aluminum slag through wind power sorting, then placing the separated aluminum slag into a fluidized bed furnace, adding a mixture of sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate (the mass ratio of the sodium carbonate to the calcium carbonate is 1: 1) into the fluidized bed furnace, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum slag to the mixture of the sodium carbonate and the calcium carbonate is 1:4, reacting for 3 hours at 1100 ℃, obtaining aluminum slag calcine at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace, obtaining high-temperature dust-containing flue gas at the top of the fluidized bed furnace, then introducing the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas into a high-temperature dust collector, controlling the reaction temperature of the high-temperature dust collector to be 900 ℃, obtaining dust in a dust collecting system of the high-temperature dust collector after 1min, mixing the dust with the aluminum slag calcine obtained by roasting in the fluidized bed furnace, adding iron oxide into the mixture according to the mass ratio of the aluminum slag calcine to the iron oxide of 1:0.3, and obtaining a cement accelerator product, wherein flue gas rich in elements such as fluorine, chlorine and the like in the dust-containing flue gas entering a high-temperature dust remover quickly passes through a high-temperature filter screen film, is quickly cooled through a pipeline and then is introduced into a low-temperature dust remover, the temperature of the low-temperature dust remover is 200 ℃, part of the flue gas containing the elements such as fluorine, chlorine and the like is condensed to form dust in a low-temperature dust remover, the dust is collected in a dust collecting system in the low-temperature dust remover, a mixture of sodium nitrate and sodium chloride is added into the dust to prepare a refining agent product used in the aluminum ingot casting process, and the rest of non-condensed low-dust gas enters an emptying system of the low-temperature dust remover, is discharged from the low-temperature dust remover and is treated by a fan and is emptied.
After resource treatment, the metal aluminum alloy is remelted and can be used for producing aluminum alloy products through ingot casting; the fluorine content in the aluminum slag calcine is 0.031%, the leaching toxicity is 12mg/L, and the aluminum slag calcine reaches the environmental protection standard of China. The cement accelerator product made of the aluminum slag calcine meets the product standard requirements of the cement industry. The refining agent product meets the standard requirements of the YS/T491-2005 fluxing agent for wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy. PM2.5<3mg in the low-dust gas after exiting the cryogenic precipitator.
Example 2: the method comprises the steps of loading aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process into a wind power sorting machine, separating metal aluminum alloy in the aluminum slag through wind power sorting, then placing the separated aluminum slag into a fluidized bed furnace, adding calcium carbonate into the fluidized bed furnace, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum slag to the calcium carbonate is 1:0.2, reacting for 2 hours at 1300 ℃, obtaining aluminum slag calcine at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace, obtaining high-temperature dust-containing flue gas at the top of the fluidized bed furnace, then introducing the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas into a high-temperature dust collector, controlling the reaction temperature of the high-temperature dust collector to be 800 ℃, obtaining dust in a dust collecting system of the high-temperature dust collector after 1min, mixing the dust with the aluminum slag calcine obtained by roasting in the fluidized bed furnace, adding iron oxide into the mixture according to the mass ratio of the aluminum slag calcine to the iron oxide of 1:0.6, obtaining a cement accelerator product, rapidly cooling flue gas rich in elements such as fluorine and chlorine in the dust-containing flue gas entering the high-temperature dust collector through a high-temperature filter screen film, and then In the warm dust remover, the temperature of the low-temperature dust remover is 250 ℃, part of flue gas containing elements such as fluorine, chlorine and the like is desublimated to form dust, the dust is collected in a dust collecting system in the low-temperature dust remover, sodium nitrate is added into the dust to prepare a refining agent product used in the aluminum ingot casting process, and the rest non-desublimated low-dust gas enters an evacuation system of the low-temperature dust remover, then is discharged from the low-temperature dust remover, is treated by a fan and is evacuated.
After resource treatment, the metal aluminum alloy is remelted and can be used for producing aluminum alloy products through ingot casting; the fluorine content in the aluminum slag calcine is 0.024%, the leaching toxicity is 9mg/L, and the aluminum slag calcine reaches the environmental protection standard of China. The cement accelerator product made of the aluminum slag calcine meets the product standard requirements of the cement industry. The refining agent product meets the standard requirements of the YS/T491-2005 fluxing agent for wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy. PM2.5<2mg in the low dust gas after exiting the cryogenic precipitator.
Example 3: loading aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process into a wind power sorting machine, separating metal aluminum alloy in the aluminum slag through wind power sorting, then placing the separated aluminum slag into a fluidized bed furnace, adding a mixture of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate (the mass ratio of the sodium carbonate, the calcium carbonate and the magnesium carbonate is 2:1: 1) into the fluidized bed furnace, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum slag to the mixture is 1:5, reacting for 7 hours at 900 ℃, obtaining aluminum slag calcine at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace, obtaining high-temperature dust-containing flue gas at the top of the fluidized bed furnace, then introducing the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas into a high-temperature dust collector, controlling the reaction temperature of the high-temperature dust collector to be 800 ℃, obtaining dust in a dust collecting system of the high-temperature dust collector after 1min, mixing the dust with the aluminum slag calcine obtained by roasting in the fluidized bed furnace, adding iron oxide into the mixture according to the mass ratio of the aluminum slag to the iron oxide of 1:0.2, and obtaining a cement accelerator product, wherein flue gas rich in elements such as fluorine, chlorine and the like in the dust-containing flue gas entering the high-temperature dust remover quickly passes through a high-temperature filter screen film, is quickly cooled through a pipeline and then is introduced into the low-temperature dust remover, the temperature of the low-temperature dust remover is 300 ℃, part of the flue gas containing elements such as fluorine, chlorine and the like is desublimated to form dust in a dust collecting system in the low-temperature dust remover, the dust is collected in a dust collecting system in the low-temperature dust remover, sodium nitrate is added into the dust to prepare a refining agent product used in the aluminum ingot casting process, and the rest of non-desublimated low-dust gas enters an evacuation system of the low-temperature dust remover, is discharged from the low-temperature dust remover and is.
After resource treatment, the metal aluminum alloy is remelted and can be used for producing aluminum alloy products through ingot casting; the fluorine content in the aluminum slag calcine is 0.024%, the leaching toxicity is 9mg/L, and the aluminum slag calcine reaches the environmental protection standard of China. The cement accelerator product made of the aluminum slag calcine meets the product standard requirements of the cement industry. The refining agent product meets the standard requirements of the YS/T491-2005 fluxing agent for wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy. PM2.5<4mg in the low dust gas after exiting the cryogenic precipitator.
Claims (3)
1. A resource treatment method of aluminum alloy casting aluminum slag is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) loading aluminum slag generated in the aluminum alloy casting process into wind power sorting equipment, and separating metal aluminum alloy in the aluminum slag through wind power sorting;
(2) placing the aluminum slag separated in the step (1) into a fluidized bed furnace, adding one or a mixture of more of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate into the fluidized bed furnace, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum slag to the added mixture is 1: 0.2-5, recovering aluminum slag calcine at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace after reaction, and obtaining high-temperature dust-containing flue gas at the top of the fluidized bed furnace;
(3) performing high-temperature treatment on the high-temperature dust-containing flue gas obtained in the step (2) to obtain dust and flue gas, wherein the high-temperature treatment is performed by using a high-temperature dust collector, the temperature of the high-temperature dust collector is 700-900 ℃, the dust is obtained in a dust collecting system of the high-temperature dust collector, the dust is mixed with the aluminum slag calcine obtained in the step (2) to obtain a mixture, then adding iron oxide into the mixture, and the mass ratio of the aluminum slag calcine to the iron oxide is 1: 0.2-0.6 to obtain a cement accelerator;
(4) and (3) treating the flue gas obtained after the high-temperature treatment in the step (3) at a low temperature by using a low-temperature dust remover, wherein the temperature of the low-temperature dust remover is 200-300 ℃, the flue gas rich in fluorine and chlorine quickly passes through a high-temperature filter screen film and then is quickly cooled through a pipeline and then is introduced into the low-temperature dust remover, the flue gas rich in fluorine and chlorine is desublimated in the low-temperature dust remover to form dust, collecting the dust, adding sodium nitrate and/or sodium chloride into the dust to prepare a refining agent used in the aluminum ingot casting process, treating and evacuating the non-desublimated and dedusted low-dust gas, specifically, introducing the non-desublimated low-dust gas into an evacuation system of the low-temperature dust remover, and then, discharging the low-temperature dust remover, treating the low-dust gas by using a fan.
2. The method for resource recovery of aluminum alloy cast aluminum slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reaction temperature in the step (2) is 900-1300 ℃.
3. The method for resource recovery of aluminum alloy cast aluminum slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) the pneumatic separation equipment in the step (1) is a pneumatic separator.
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