CN108752828A - A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe - Google Patents
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108752828A CN108752828A CN201810660569.9A CN201810660569A CN108752828A CN 108752828 A CN108752828 A CN 108752828A CN 201810660569 A CN201810660569 A CN 201810660569A CN 108752828 A CN108752828 A CN 108752828A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- graft copolymerization
- industrial
- pvc pipe
- blending
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/003—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/18—Applications used for pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe, graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride（PVC）50-100 parts of resin, 2.0-3.0 parts of stabilizer, 1-1.4 parts of lubricant, 1.0-2.0 parts of processing aid, 3.0-6.0 parts of impact modifier, 1.5-3 parts of functional modifier, 1.8-3.6 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.01-0.05 parts of colorant, 0.5-0.8 parts of fire retardant.The present invention takes full advantage of the high chlorine and nanoscale barium sulfate corrosion resistance of graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride, and the cooperative flame retardant suppression cigarette effect of antimony oxide, tricresyl phosphate or aluminium hydroxide, it is equipped with excellent toughening reinforcing material again, industrial graft copolymerization blending modification of PVC PVC pipe is set to achieve the purpose that safe handling in industrial corrosion medium transportation art and fire water supply field, and with corrosion-resistant, fire-retardant, anti-internal pressure, the performance of anti-impact.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to industrial PVC pipe fields, more particularly to a kind of to be changed by blending using graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride resin
Property formula designing technique produce the industrial grafting of preparation using reinforcing agent, functional modifier, impact modifier, fire proofing
Copolymerizing and blending modified PVC tubing.
Background technology
PVC-U tubing is widely used in plumbing field, have it is certain it is acidproof, alkaline-resisting, corrosion-resistant, to bear internal pressure etc. excellent
Point.But PVC-U tubing impact resiliences are poor, and cryogenic property embrittlement, anti-flammability is inadequate, and burning has smog generation, non-refractory, corrosion resistant
Corrosion is limited, these defects are unfavorable for application of the PVC-U tubing in industrial media and delivery field.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of the above-mentioned prior art, provide one kind be provided simultaneously with it is good it is corrosion-resistant,
Shock resistance, flame retardant property and smoke suppressing industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe.
The technical solution that purpose is taken to realize the present invention is：
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe, it is characterised in that be by following weight proportion raw material prepare and
At：
Graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride（PVC）50-100 parts of resin, 2.0-3.0 parts of stabilizer, 1-1.4 parts of lubricant, processing aid
1.0-2.0 parts, 3.0-6.0 parts of impact modifier, 1.5-3 parts of functional modifier, 1.8-3.6 parts of reinforcing agent, colorant 0.01-
0.05 part, 0.5-0.8 parts of fire retardant.
The stabilizer is the arbitrary combination of one or both of inverse ester butyl tin stabilizer or organic RE stabilizer.
The lubricant be Honeywell Inc. of the U.S. synthetic polyethylene waxes 6A and oxidized polyethylene wax AC629,
Two or more arbitrary combination in AC316 and calcium stearate.
The processing aid is acrylic polymer（ACR）.
The impact modifier is arbitrary two kinds or two kinds in ABS resin, the compound impact modifiers of SRM and ACR-K355P
Combination of the above.
The functional modifier be nanoscale barium sulfate or activated Calcium carbonate, talcum powder through perstearic acid activation process,
Grain size is 5000 mesh.
The reinforcing agent is two or three of combination in B22, B625, PA20 of Zhong Yuan Co., Ltd. of Japan.
The fire retardant is one or more combinations of TDCPP, bromine cyclododecane or aluminium hydroxide.
The graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride resin chlorinity of the tubing reaches 67% or more.
The present invention has following remarkable result：
1, the present invention takes full advantage of the fire retardation and high intensity, higher-dimension card softening temperature of the high chlorinity of graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride resin
The corrosion-resistant effect of degree and nanoscale barium sulfate, then it is equipped with excellent modification reinforcing material, so that industrial graft copolymerization is blended
Modified polyvinyl chloride PVC pipe achievees the purpose that safe handling in industrial media transportation art.
2, the present invention has corrosion-resistant, fire-retardant, impact resistance, internal pressure-resistant, more more robust than conventional plastic tubing, safer, especially
It is applicable in the fields such as the conveying of industrial corrosion medium, heating water's conveying and fireproof water tube, can effectively improve safety in utilization,
It reduces because accidental release causes the possibility that pipeline medium is omitted, pipeline breaks down, entirety is corrosion-resistant to avoid pipeline
The possibility of corrosion and damage.
3, it due to graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride chlorinty of the present invention height, will not burn, meet open fire and put out from fire, once occur
The intensity of a fire will not be encouraged when fire, the smog of generation is few, to reduce the threat to affected residents and fire fighter.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is referring to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe prepares raw material according to following proportioning：
Graft copolymerization polyvinylchloride resin（67% or more chlorinity）100 parts, 2 parts of organic tin stabilizer, 0.6 part of microwax,
0.2 part of oxidized polyethylene wax, CPE（Corresponding Chinese name, and the composition range described in claim 1）2 parts, ACR401
（Corresponding Chinese name, and the composition range described in claim 1）1 part, 5 parts of SRM impact modifiers, nanoscale is lived
3 parts of calcium carbonate of property, 1 part of nanoscale barium sulfate, 1 part of nanoscale talcum powder, 0.05 part of colorant carbon black, 0.6 part of antimony oxide,
1.0 parts of aluminium hydroxide.
By above-mentioned dispensing carry out heat it is mixed, it is cold it is mixed after tubing is made by extrusion molding again.After testing：Resistance to brine corrosion 30
DEG C, 1000 hours are unchanged, its molecular structure of spectrum analysis tube surfaces is unchanged, and corrosion resistance test terminates to do tension test drawing
Intensity is stretched in 42MPa or more.Tubing 50% compresses that flattening test is qualified, the Zernike annular polynomial 42MPa of tubing, 20 DEG C, 1 hour it is hydrostatic
Pass the test.- 5 DEG C of impact tests, TIR < 5% are qualified.Vicat softening point temperature is measured up to 110 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe prepares raw material according to following proportioning：
Graft copolymerization Corvic（67% or more chlorinity）100 parts, 3.9 parts of organic calcium zinc stabilizer, stearic acid 0.4
Part, 0.5 part of oxidized polyethylene wax, ACR（401）0.5 part, 2 parts of 2 parts of CPE, MBS, 4 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, nanoscale sulfuric acid
1.5 parts of barium, 0.05 part of colorant carbon black, 0.6 part of tricresyl phosphate, 0.8 part of aluminium hydroxide.
By above-mentioned dispensing carry out heat it is mixed, it is cold it is mixed after tubing is made by extrusion molding again.After testing：Corrosion resistance, 30 DEG C,
40% brine impregnates 1000 hours, its molecular structure of spectrum analysis tube surfaces is unchanged, and corrosion resistance test terminates to do tension test
Tensile strength is in 42MPa or more.Tubing 50% compresses flattening test qualification, the Zernike annular polynomial 42MPa of tubing, 20 DEG C, 1 hour hydrostatic
Press pass the test.- 5 DEG C of impact tests, TIR < 5% are qualified.Vicat softening point temperature is measured up to 110 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe prepares raw material according to following proportioning：
Graft copolymerization Corvic（67% or more chlorinity）100 parts, 2.2 parts of organic tin stabilizer, 0.5 part of lignite wax,
0.3 part of oxidized polyethylene wax, 0.2 part of stearic acid, 2 parts of 2 parts of CPE, SRM, 1 part of ACR401,8 parts of superfine light calcium carbonate,
1.5 parts of nanoscale super fine calcium carbonate, 1.5 parts of nanoscale talcum powder, 0.01 part of colorant carbon black, 0.8 part of tricresyl phosphate,
0.8 part of aluminium hydroxide, 1.0 parts of antimony oxide.
By above-mentioned dispensing carry out heat it is mixed, it is cold it is mixed after tubing is made by extrusion molding again.After testing：Corrosion resistance, 30 DEG C,
40% brine impregnates 1000 hours, its molecular structure of spectrum analysis tube surfaces is unchanged, and corrosion resistance test terminates to do tension test
Tensile strength is in 42MPa or more.Tubing 50% compresses flattening test qualification, the Zernike annular polynomial 42MPa of tubing, 20 DEG C, 1 hour hydrostatic
Press pass the test.- 5 DEG C of impact tests, TIR < 5% are qualified.Vicat softening point temperature is measured up to 110 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe prepares raw material according to following proportioning：
Graft copolymerization Corvic（67% or more chlorinity）90 parts, 0.9 part of organic tin stabilizer, organic calcium zinc stabilizer
1.4 parts, 0.6 part of Fischer-Tropsch wax, 0.3 part of stearic acid, ACR（K355P）1.0 parts, 2.5 parts of 3 parts of CPE, SRM, the ultra-fine carbon of nanometer
5 parts of sour calcium, 5 parts of nanoscale barium sulfate, 0.03 part of colorant carbon black, 1.0 parts of tricresyl phosphate.
By above-mentioned dispensing carry out heat it is mixed, it is cold it is mixed after tubing is made by extrusion molding again.After testing：Corrosion resistance, 30 DEG C,
45% brine impregnates 1000 hours, its molecular structure of spectrum analysis tube surfaces is unchanged, and corrosion resistance test terminates to do tension test
Tensile strength is in 42MPa or more.Tubing 50% compresses flattening test qualification, the Zernike annular polynomial 42MPa of tubing, 20 DEG C, 1 hour hydrostatic
Press pass the test.- 5 DEG C of impact tests, TIR < 5% are qualified.Vicat softening point temperature is measured up to 110 DEG C.
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is not limited to the mode that above-mentioned case study on implementation is provided.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe, which is characterized in that the tubing by following weight proportion raw material
It is prepared：
Graft copolymerization polyvinyl chloride（PVC）50-100 parts of resin, 2.0-3 parts of stabilizer, 1-1.4 parts of lubricant, processing aid
1.0-2.0 parts, 3.0-6.0 parts of impact modifier, 1.5-3 parts of functional modifier, 1.8-3.6 parts of reinforcing agent, colorant 0.01-
0.05 part, 0.5-0.8 parts of fire retardant.
2. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the graft copolymerization
Polyvinylchloride resin is the heat resistant type polyvinyl chloride resin through MMA graft copolymerizations.
3. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stabilizer is
Inverse one or both of ester butyl tin stabilizer or organic RE stabilizer arbitrarily combine.
4. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lubricant is
Synthesizing polyethylene wax lubricant 6A, synthesize in oxidic polyethylene wax lubricant AC629, AC316 and calcium stearate arbitrary two kinds or
Two or more combinations.
5. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the processing aid
For acrylic polymer.
6. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described impact-resistant modified
Agent be in ABS resin, the compound impact modifiers of SRM, Si modification impact modifier and ACR-K355P it is arbitrary two or more
Combination.
7. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described function modified
Agent be nanoscale barium sulfate, nano activated calcium carbonate, nanoscale talcum powder through perstearic acid activation process, any one or
Two or more combinations.
8. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reinforcing agent is
Two or three of combination in B22, B625, PA20 type reinforcing agent of Japanese Zhong Yuan Co., Ltd..
9. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fire retardant is
One or more combinations of TDCPP, bromine cyclododecane or aluminium hydroxide.
10. industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tubing
Resin is the Corvic through graft copolymerization, and chlorinity reaches 67%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810660569.9A CN108752828A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810660569.9A CN108752828A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108752828A true CN108752828A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
Family
ID=63977289
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810660569.9A Pending CN108752828A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108752828A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114685925A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-01 | 贝恩医疗设备(广州)有限公司 | Irradiation-resistant hard PVC material and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102372890A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-03-14 | 天津科技大学 | High-temperature resistant modified CPVC chemical tubing special-purpose material |
| CN102516693A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 | Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride pipe material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102863711A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heat-resisting PVC high impact-resisting tubular product and preparation method thereof |
| CN102898753A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-01-30 | 周修君 | Colored wood-plastic decorative plate |
| CN103131098A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-06-05 | 汕头市甜甜乐糖果食品有限公司 | Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hard white light material |
-
2018
- 2018-06-25 CN CN201810660569.9A patent/CN108752828A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102372890A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-03-14 | 天津科技大学 | High-temperature resistant modified CPVC chemical tubing special-purpose material |
| CN102863711A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heat-resisting PVC high impact-resisting tubular product and preparation method thereof |
| CN102516693A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-06-27 | 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 | Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride pipe material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102898753A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-01-30 | 周修君 | Colored wood-plastic decorative plate |
| CN103131098A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-06-05 | 汕头市甜甜乐糖果食品有限公司 | Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hard white light material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114685925A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-01 | 贝恩医疗设备(广州)有限公司 | Irradiation-resistant hard PVC material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114685925B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2024-06-11 | 贝恩医疗设备(广州)有限公司 | Radiation-resistant hard PVC material and preparation method and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101880429A (en) | High-tenacity heat-resisting ageing-resisting chlorinated polyvinyl chloride alloy material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104109323B (en) | A kind of environment-friendly PVC of resistance to migration is material modified and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102977456B (en) | Polypropylene toughening modifying agent and polypropylene modified product thereof | |
| CN102786754B (en) | Flame retardant antistatic toughening PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride) pipe for methane | |
| CN102911460A (en) | High weather-resistant low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe and preparation process thereof | |
| CN105199187A (en) | Low-energy-consumption, high-flame-retardancy, low-smoke and halogen-free cable material | |
| CN108129734A (en) | A kind of combustion gas protection of pipe fire retardant thermal shrinkage tube through walls and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106810844A (en) | modified polyphenyl ether composition and preparation method | |
| CN108864612B (en) | Hollow spiral silencing pipe and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103554601A (en) | High-density polyethylene double-wall corrugated tube | |
| CN109651693A (en) | Micro- interpenetrating networks crosslinking type low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant CABLE MATERIALS and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108752828A (en) | A kind of industrial graft copolymerization blending and modifying PVC pipe | |
| CN105255045A (en) | Heat-resisting PVC (polyvinyl chloride)-sheathed control cable | |
| CN104017264B (en) | The preparation of halogen-free low-smoke Cross-linked Polyethylene Composites | |
| CN110066483A (en) | A kind of coal mine impact-resistant modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC-M) tubing | |
| CN106065174B (en) | Application of the compound of nitrile group-containing as fire retardant in flame retardant thermoplastic | |
| CN107189231A (en) | Polypropylene reinforced double-wall corrugated pipe | |
| CN102964672B (en) | Modified luminous low-smoke zero-halogen flame-retardant wire/cable material and preparation method of wire/cable material | |
| CN107011564A (en) | A kind of fire retardant, antistatic polyethylene pipe material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106832698A (en) | A kind of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride tubes composition and tubing preparation method | |
| CN105367943A (en) | Fireproof and flame-retardant PVC tube | |
| CN103602000B (en) | A kind of pipeline being applicable to trenchless engineering | |
| CN107033507A (en) | A kind of fire engineering CPVC pipelines and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102675754A (en) | Halogen-free flame-retardant ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108299755A (en) | A kind of high impact polyethylene and its processing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181106 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |