CN108752029B - Modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic - Google Patents

Modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic Download PDF

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CN108752029B
CN108752029B CN201810948454.XA CN201810948454A CN108752029B CN 108752029 B CN108752029 B CN 108752029B CN 201810948454 A CN201810948454 A CN 201810948454A CN 108752029 B CN108752029 B CN 108752029B
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郭艳
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Zibo new nonmetal material technology Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

The invention discloses a modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic, which relates to the technical field of new materials, and comprises 6.40-6.46% of modified zirconium silicate whisker and 3.20-3.23% of sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material by mass. The ceramic material prepared from the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic has good bending strength and good hardness.

Description

Modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and particularly relates to a modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic.
Background
Ceramics are classified into pottery, stoneware and porcelain, which are also commonly called pottery, stoneware and porcelain, in terms of their materials. The alumina ceramic material has the performances of low density, high strength, high wear resistance and chemical stability, stable friction coefficient at high temperature and the like, and has great application potential in the field of friction materials. Aiming at the current increasingly higher use requirements, the wear resistance of the single-phase alumina ceramic needs to be improved, and the ceramic is greatly limited from being applied to more severe environments due to the brittleness of the ceramic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic aiming at the existing problems.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic contains 6.40-6.46% of modified zirconium silicate whisker and 3.20-3.23% of sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material by mass, and the mass ratio of the modified zirconium silicate whisker to the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material is 2: 1.
Further, the preparation method of the modified zirconium silicate whisker comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: preparing an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6.3% by using iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate, adding zirconium silicate whiskers, stirring uniformly, heating to 50 ℃, gradually dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 5%, preserving the temperature for 2 hours in a water bath at 50 ℃, then filtering, cleaning by using deionized water, and drying to constant weight to obtain pretreated zirconium silicate whiskers;
(2) preparing a modifier: adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, then adding phosphoric acid and N, N-dimethylacetamide into the reaction kettle, heating to 88-90 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 30min, then adding nano graphite oxide, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a modifier solution;
(3) modification treatment: adding the pretreated calcium silicate whiskers obtained in the step (1) into the modifier prepared in the step (2), then adjusting the pH of the modifier solution to 10.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, stirring at a rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, immediately calcining at 430 ℃ for 15min, naturally cooling to room temperature, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to constant weight to obtain the calcium silicate whisker.
Further, the mixing ratio of the iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution and the zirconium silicate whisker in the step (1) is 250 mL: 85g, wherein the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is 10% of the mass of the iron-chromium sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the deionized water, the phosphoric acid and the N, N-dimethylacetamide in the step (2) is 62:8: 5, the adding amount of the nano graphite oxide is 4.5 percent of the mass of the deionized water.
Further, the particle size of the nano graphite oxide in the step (2) is 75 nm.
Further, the mixing ratio of the pretreated zirconium silicate whisker and the modifier in the step (3) is 120 g: 390 mL.
Further, the pH of the sodium bicarbonate solution in the step (3) is 11.2.
Further, the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material comprises the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano aluminum into deionized water to obtain a nano aluminum dispersion liquid with the mass fraction of 12%, and mixing the nano aluminum dispersion liquid, a methanol solution containing tetraethoxysilane and an alkali solution according to the ratio of 180 mL: 150mL of: 100mL, stirring and reacting at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 1.5 hours at 65 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation and drying, grinding for 40 minutes to obtain a nano hybrid material, adding gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane into an ethanol water solution according to the mass ratio of 1:20 for dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the nano hybrid material according to the mass ratio of 55 g: adding 180mL into the mixed solution, treating under ultrasonic for 2min, stirring for 40min, filtering, cleaning, and oven drying to constant weight.
Further, the ethanol water solution accounts for 60% in mass, the ethyl orthosilicate, the methanol and the water in the methanol solution containing the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:5:10, and the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 10%.
Further, the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic also comprises the following components in parts by weight: alpha-alumina powder 102, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 8, mullite powder 3, bentonite 12 and potassium feldspar 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the alumina ceramic prepared by the invention, under the synergistic effect of the modified zirconium silicate whisker, the sulfhydrylation nano hybrid material and other raw materials, inorganic powder can be uniformly separated under the action of the modified zirconium silicate whisker and the sulfhydrylation nano hybrid material, the fluidity and uniformity of the inorganic powder are enhanced, and in the degumming process, the binder can be uniformly decomposed and diffused from the inside without forming or forming few holes and cracks, so that the compactness of the alumina ceramic is improved; meanwhile, in the firing process, the sulfhydrylation nano hybrid material and the modified zirconium silicate whisker can be melted and decomposed to a certain extent, holes and cracks which are possibly generated are filled, the compactness of the product is improved, the zirconium oxide crystal grains are dispersed on the crystal boundary of the aluminum oxide crystal grains to different degrees, the zirconium oxide existing in the crystal boundary can play a role in fixing and strengthening the crystal boundary, the growth of the aluminum oxide crystal grains is inhibited, the abrasion resistance of the ceramic is favorably improved, and meanwhile, under the induction of the sulfhydrylation nano hybrid material, the binding force between the aluminum oxide and the silicon oxide can be enhanced, so that the hardness and the strength of the aluminum oxide ceramic are improved. The hardness and the strength of the composite material are improved, and simultaneously, the modified zirconium silicate whisker and the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material are matched with each other to jointly inhibit the growth of alumina grains, eliminate pores among the grains, reduce defects, reduce stress concentration points and improve the toughness of the composite material. The alumina ceramic prepared by the invention has uniform size of alumina grains, is uniformly dispersed, further disperses stress and improves toughness.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic contains 6.40 wt% of modified zirconium silicate whisker and 3.20 wt% of sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material.
Further, the preparation method of the modified zirconium silicate whisker comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: preparing an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6.3% by using iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate, adding zirconium silicate whiskers, stirring uniformly, heating to 50 ℃, gradually dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 5%, preserving the temperature for 2 hours in a water bath at 50 ℃, then filtering, cleaning by using deionized water, and drying to constant weight to obtain pretreated zirconium silicate whiskers;
(2) preparing a modifier: adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, then adding phosphoric acid and N, N-dimethylacetamide into the reaction kettle, heating to 88-90 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 30min, then adding nano graphite oxide, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a modifier solution;
(3) modification treatment: adding the pretreated calcium silicate whiskers obtained in the step (1) into the modifier prepared in the step (2), then adjusting the pH of the modifier solution to 10.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, stirring at a rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, immediately calcining at 430 ℃ for 15min, naturally cooling to room temperature, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to constant weight to obtain the calcium silicate whisker.
Further, the mixing ratio of the iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution and the zirconium silicate whisker in the step (1) is 250 mL: 85g, wherein the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is 10% of the mass of the iron-chromium sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the deionized water, the phosphoric acid and the N, N-dimethylacetamide in the step (2) is 62:8: 5, the adding amount of the nano graphite oxide is 4.5 percent of the mass of the deionized water.
Further, the particle size of the nano graphite oxide in the step (2) is 75 nm.
Further, the mixing ratio of the pretreated zirconium silicate whisker and the modifier in the step (3) is 120 g: 390 mL.
Further, the pH of the sodium bicarbonate solution in the step (3) is 11.2.
Further, the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material comprises the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano aluminum into deionized water to obtain a nano aluminum dispersion liquid with the mass fraction of 12%, and mixing the nano aluminum dispersion liquid, a methanol solution containing tetraethoxysilane and an alkali solution according to the ratio of 180 mL: 150mL of: 100mL, stirring and reacting at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 1.5 hours at 65 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation and drying, grinding for 40 minutes to obtain a nano hybrid material, adding gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane into an ethanol water solution according to the mass ratio of 1:20 for dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the nano hybrid material according to the mass ratio of 55 g: adding 180mL into the mixed solution, treating under ultrasonic for 2min, stirring for 40min, filtering, cleaning, and oven drying to constant weight.
Further, the ethanol water solution accounts for 60% in mass, the ethyl orthosilicate, the methanol and the water in the methanol solution containing the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:5:10, and the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 10%.
Further, the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic also comprises the following components in parts by weight: alpha-alumina powder 102, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 8, mullite powder 3, bentonite 12 and potassium feldspar 10.
Example 2
The modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic contains 6.46 wt% of modified zirconium silicate whisker and-3.23 wt% of sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material.
Further, the preparation method of the modified zirconium silicate whisker comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: preparing an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6.3% by using iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate, adding zirconium silicate whiskers, stirring uniformly, heating to 50 ℃, gradually dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 5%, preserving the temperature for 2 hours in a water bath at 50 ℃, then filtering, cleaning by using deionized water, and drying to constant weight to obtain pretreated zirconium silicate whiskers;
(2) preparing a modifier: adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, then adding phosphoric acid and N, N-dimethylacetamide into the reaction kettle, heating to 88-90 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 30min, then adding nano graphite oxide, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a modifier solution;
(3) modification treatment: adding the pretreated calcium silicate whiskers obtained in the step (1) into the modifier prepared in the step (2), then adjusting the pH of the modifier solution to 10.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, stirring at a rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, immediately calcining at 430 ℃ for 15min, naturally cooling to room temperature, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to constant weight to obtain the calcium silicate whisker.
Further, the mixing ratio of the iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution and the zirconium silicate whisker in the step (1) is 250 mL: 85g, wherein the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is 10% of the mass of the iron-chromium sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the deionized water, the phosphoric acid and the N, N-dimethylacetamide in the step (2) is 62:8: 5, the adding amount of the nano graphite oxide is 4.5 percent of the mass of the deionized water.
Further, the particle size of the nano graphite oxide in the step (2) is 75 nm.
Further, the mixing ratio of the pretreated zirconium silicate whisker and the modifier in the step (3) is 120 g: 390 mL.
Further, the pH of the sodium bicarbonate solution in the step (3) is 11.2.
Further, the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material comprises the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano aluminum into deionized water to obtain a nano aluminum dispersion liquid with the mass fraction of 12%, and mixing the nano aluminum dispersion liquid, a methanol solution containing tetraethoxysilane and an alkali solution according to the ratio of 180 mL: 150mL of: 100mL, stirring and reacting at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 1.5 hours at 65 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation and drying, grinding for 40 minutes to obtain a nano hybrid material, adding gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane into an ethanol water solution according to the mass ratio of 1:20 for dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the nano hybrid material according to the mass ratio of 55 g: adding 180mL into the mixed solution, treating under ultrasonic for 2min, stirring for 40min, filtering, cleaning, and oven drying to constant weight.
Further, the ethanol water solution accounts for 60% in mass, the ethyl orthosilicate, the methanol and the water in the methanol solution containing the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:5:10, and the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 10%.
Further, the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic also comprises the following components in parts by weight: alpha-alumina powder 102, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 8, mullite powder 3, bentonite 12 and potassium feldspar 10.
Example 3
The modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic contains 6.44 wt% of modified zirconium silicate whisker and 3.22 wt% of sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material.
Further, the preparation method of the modified zirconium silicate whisker comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: preparing an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6.3% by using iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate, adding zirconium silicate whiskers, stirring uniformly, heating to 50 ℃, gradually dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 5%, preserving the temperature for 2 hours in a water bath at 50 ℃, then filtering, cleaning by using deionized water, and drying to constant weight to obtain pretreated zirconium silicate whiskers;
(2) preparing a modifier: adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, then adding phosphoric acid and N, N-dimethylacetamide into the reaction kettle, heating to 88-90 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 30min, then adding nano graphite oxide, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a modifier solution;
(3) modification treatment: adding the pretreated calcium silicate whiskers obtained in the step (1) into the modifier prepared in the step (2), then adjusting the pH of the modifier solution to 10.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, stirring at a rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, immediately calcining at 430 ℃ for 15min, naturally cooling to room temperature, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to constant weight to obtain the calcium silicate whisker.
Further, the mixing ratio of the iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution and the zirconium silicate whisker in the step (1) is 250 mL: 85g, wherein the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is 10% of the mass of the iron-chromium sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the deionized water, the phosphoric acid and the N, N-dimethylacetamide in the step (2) is 62:8: 5, the adding amount of the nano graphite oxide is 4.5 percent of the mass of the deionized water.
Further, the particle size of the nano graphite oxide in the step (2) is 75 nm.
Further, the mixing ratio of the pretreated zirconium silicate whisker and the modifier in the step (3) is 120 g: 390 mL.
Further, the pH of the sodium bicarbonate solution in the step (3) is 11.2.
Further, the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material comprises the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano aluminum into deionized water to obtain a nano aluminum dispersion liquid with the mass fraction of 12%, and mixing the nano aluminum dispersion liquid, a methanol solution containing tetraethoxysilane and an alkali solution according to the ratio of 180 mL: 150mL of: 100mL, stirring and reacting at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 1.5 hours at 65 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation and drying, grinding for 40 minutes to obtain a nano hybrid material, adding gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane into an ethanol water solution according to the mass ratio of 1:20 for dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the nano hybrid material according to the mass ratio of 55 g: adding 180mL into the mixed solution, treating under ultrasonic for 2min, stirring for 40min, filtering, cleaning, and oven drying to constant weight.
Further, the ethanol water solution accounts for 60% in mass, the ethyl orthosilicate, the methanol and the water in the methanol solution containing the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:5:10, and the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 10%.
Further, the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic also comprises the following components in parts by weight: alpha-alumina powder 102, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 8, mullite powder 3, bentonite 12 and potassium feldspar 10.
Comparative example 1: the only difference from example 1 was that the modified zirconium silicate whiskers were replaced with equivalent amounts of unmodified zirconium silicate whiskers.
Comparative example 2: the only difference from example 1 is that the modified zirconium silicate whiskers were replaced with an equal amount of zirconium silicate powder.
Comparative example 3: the only difference from example 1 is that the thiolated nanohybrid material was replaced with untreated nanohybrid material.
Comparative example 4: the only difference from example 1 is that the thiolated nanohybrid is replaced with an equal amount of nanosilica.
Comparative example 5: the only difference from example 1 is that the thiolated nanohybrid material is replaced with an equal amount of nanoaluminum.
Control group: application No.: 201310647886.4 to be used as a ceramic.
The sample sizes prepared for the examples and comparative examples were 35mm × 35mm × 2.5 mm:
the bending strength of the material is tested by adopting a three-point bending method, the span is 20mm, and the pressing rate of a pressure head is 0.5 mm/min;
TABLE 1 flexural Strength
Flexural strength/MPa Rockwell hardness/HRA
Example 1 780.4 98
Example 2 785.7 99
Example 3 783.2 98
Comparative example 1 618.1 95
Comparative example 2 582.6 93
Comparative example 3 605.8 93
Comparative example 4 616.9 92
Comparative example 5 596.4 91
Control group 234.6 72
As can be seen from Table 1, the alumina ceramics prepared by the present invention have good bending strength and hardness.
Placing the sample in an electric furnace at 1380 ℃ for heat preservation for 14 min, taking out for air cooling, placing the sample in the electric furnace for heating, heat preservation and cooling after 30min, repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the sample cracks or breaks, and recording the times of thermal shock before the sample is broken;
TABLE 2 thermal shock resistance
Number of thermal shocks/time
Example mean value 38
Comparative example 1 33
Comparative example 2 29
Comparative example 3 28
Comparative example 4 30
Control group 11
As can be seen from Table 2, the alumina ceramic prepared by the invention has good thermal shock resistance.
Further, the alumina ceramics of the examples had an average porosity of 0.07% and an average fracture toughness of 12.8MPa m1/2

Claims (1)

1. The modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic is characterized by comprising 6.40-6.46% of modified zirconium silicate whiskers and 3.20-3.23% of sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid materials by mass; the preparation method of the modified zirconium silicate whisker comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: preparing an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6.3% by using iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate, adding zirconium silicate whiskers, stirring uniformly, heating to 50 ℃, gradually dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 5%, preserving the temperature for 2 hours in a water bath at 50 ℃, then filtering, cleaning by using deionized water, and drying to constant weight to obtain pretreated zirconium silicate whiskers;
(2) preparing a modifier: adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, then adding phosphoric acid and N, N-dimethylacetamide into the reaction kettle, heating to 88-90 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 30min, then adding nano graphite oxide, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a modifier solution;
(3) modification treatment: adding the pretreated calcium silicate whiskers obtained in the step (1) into the modifier prepared in the step (2), then adjusting the pH of the modifier solution to 10.5 by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, stirring at a rotating speed of 500r/min for 2 hours, filtering, immediately calcining at 430 ℃ for 15min, naturally cooling to room temperature, cleaning by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to constant weight to obtain the calcium silicate whisker; the mixing ratio of the iron-chromium sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution and the zirconium silicate whisker in the step (1) is 250 mL: 85g, wherein the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is 10% of the mass of the iron-chromium sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution; the mixing mass ratio of the deionized water, the phosphoric acid and the N, N-dimethylacetamide in the step (2) is 62:8: 5, and the adding amount of the nano graphite oxide is 4.5% of the mass of the deionized water; the granularity of the nano graphite oxide in the step (2) is 75 nm; the mixing ratio of the pretreated zirconium silicate whisker and the modifier in the step (3) is 120 g: 390 mL; the pH value of the sodium bicarbonate solution in the step (3) is 11.2; the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation nanometer hybrid material comprises the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano aluminum into deionized water to obtain a nano aluminum dispersion liquid with the mass fraction of 12%, and mixing the nano aluminum dispersion liquid, a methanol solution containing tetraethoxysilane and an alkali solution according to the ratio of 180 mL: 150mL of: 100mL, stirring and reacting at the rotating speed of 2500r/min for 1.5 hours at 65 ℃, then performing rotary evaporation and drying, grinding for 40 minutes to obtain a nano hybrid material, adding gamma-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane into an ethanol water solution according to the mass ratio of 1:20 for dissolving to obtain a mixed solution, and mixing the nano hybrid material according to the mass ratio of 55 g: adding 180mL of the mixture into the mixed solution, treating for 2min under ultrasonic waves, stirring for reacting for 40min, performing suction filtration, cleaning, and drying to constant weight to obtain the product; the ethanol aqueous solution accounts for 60% in mass, the ethyl orthosilicate, the methanol and the water in the methanol solution containing the ethyl orthosilicate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:5:10, and the alkali solution is sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 10%; the modified zirconium silicate whisker reinforced alumina ceramic further comprises the following components in parts by weight: alpha-alumina powder 102, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate 8, mullite powder 3, bentonite 12 and potassium feldspar 10.
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