CN108749235B - Polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108749235B
CN108749235B CN201810423604.5A CN201810423604A CN108749235B CN 108749235 B CN108749235 B CN 108749235B CN 201810423604 A CN201810423604 A CN 201810423604A CN 108749235 B CN108749235 B CN 108749235B
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polytetrafluoroethylene
woven fabric
composite material
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top layer
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CN108749235A (en
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李磊
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Hubei fish crane Clothing Co., Ltd.
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Hubei Fish Crane Clothing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of textile materials, and discloses a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material and a preparation method thereof. The textile composite material comprises a bottom layer non-woven fabric, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and a top layer non-woven fabric, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is clamped between the bottom layer non-woven fabric and the top layer non-woven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through a bonding agent, and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through the bonding agent; the textile composite material is prepared by the steps of gluing, bonding and curing in sequence. The textile composite material has a good sound absorption effect.

Description

Polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textile materials, in particular to a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of modern industry, the problem of noise pollution is becoming more serious, and now, the noise pollution is more related to water pollution, air pollution and solid waste pollution and is called as four main environmental problems on the earth. The noise pollution has great harm to human body, and not only can make people feel uneasy to concentrate and have fidgetiness, but also can cause cardiovascular diseases and induce other diseases, thereby shortening the life of people. As such, the harm caused by noise pollution has been regarded as a second killer of human public health following air pollution, and how to reduce noise pollution has become an important task today. So far, the application of sound absorption and sound insulation materials is an important technical link for preventing and treating noise pollution, and the damage of the noise pollution to human bodies can be effectively reduced. Textile materials processed from textile fibers are often used as sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials because of their excellent properties, such as being porous, air-permeable, flexible, and porous.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104859234 discloses a processing technology of a jacquard fabric and spun-bonded non-woven fabric composite wall cloth fabric, which comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a proper jacquard fabric as a surface layer according to product requirements, and taking a raw material of spun-bonded non-woven fabric as a bottom layer; then designing a large jacquard pattern structure and reasonable process parameters. Making a process flow; and then, the surface layer of the jacquard fabric is bonded with the bottom layer of the spun-bonded non-woven fabric by using a composite technology, and finally, the composite wall cloth fabric which has good air permeability and moisture resistance, is easy to clean and is environment-friendly is formed. The composite wall cloth fabric of the invention utilizes the porous structure on the surface of the fabric to enable the fabric to have a certain sound absorption function, but the pore size on the surface of the fabric is larger, and the sound absorption effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a textile material with a better sound absorption effect in order to solve the problem of poor sound absorption effect of the textile material in the prior art.
The invention also provides a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises a bottom layer non-woven fabric, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and a top layer non-woven fabric, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is clamped between the bottom layer non-woven fabric and the top layer non-woven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through a bonding agent, and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through the bonding agent.
The non-woven fabric is provided with a plurality of tiny micropores, when external noise is transmitted to the non-woven fabric, sound enters the micropores of the non-woven fabric, sound waves collide in the micropores to lose part of energy, and the purpose of weakening the noise is achieved; according to the invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is clamped between the bottom non-woven fabric and the top non-woven fabric, the polytetrafluoroethylene film can improve the sound absorption effect of the non-woven fabric and enhance the tensile strength of the non-woven fabric, as shown in figure 2, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is in a fiber-node structure in a microscopic state, when sound is transmitted to the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene, sound waves cause fine fibers on the polytetrafluoroethylene film to vibrate, and friction is generated between the fibers, so that part of sound energy is consumed. Because the polytetrafluoroethylene film is thin, the thickness of the material is hardly changed after the polytetrafluoroethylene film is combined with the non-woven fabric, and the sound absorption effect of the material is greatly improved under the condition that the thickness of the material is not changed; in addition, a large number of C-F hydrophobic bonds exist in polytetrafluoroethylene molecules, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane has stronger hydrophobic property, and the composite material has better waterproof effect; the polytetrafluoroethylene has higher strength, and the tensile strength of the needle-punched non-woven fabric is greatly improved after the polytetrafluoroethylene and the polytetrafluoroethylene are combined; according to the invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is sandwiched between the two layers of non-woven fabrics, and the sound absorption effect of the non-woven fabrics is greatly enhanced by the sandwich structure.
The polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving the crushed coral reefs with a 60-100-mesh sieve, and roasting the crushed coral reefs for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 2-6%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1: 1-3, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1: 4-8, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 0.5-1 h, and standing for 8-12 h to obtain the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
Firstly, the coral reef is crushed into powder, and the coral reef is in a porous structure, so that porous knots of the coral reef have a good sound absorption function, a plurality of microorganisms exist in holes of the coral reef, and the coral reef is roasted at a high temperature to remove the microorganisms in the microporous structure of the coral reef; the ethanol has a good infiltration effect on the hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, and the coral reef powder is dispersed into cracks generated by a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane fiber-node structure under the condition of ultrasonic oscillation, so that coral reef powder particles can be fixed, and the coral reef powder particles are prevented from being separated from the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane; the carboxylated chitosan is dissolved in water and has certain viscosity, and after being dried and solidified, the coral reef powder is fixed in the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and does not move in the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, so that the coral reef powder can be kept in the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane for a long time and is better in uniformity; in addition, hydrogen bonds exist between the carboxylated chitosan and the adhesive molecules, so that the adhesive force between the polytetrafluoroethylene film and the adhesive is improved, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film is not easy to fall off.
Preferably, the coral reef powder in the step 1) is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
adding 5-10 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 60-80 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 2-4 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2And heating the coral reef powder to 70-80 ℃ in a water bath, continuously stirring for 1-3 h, standing for 3-5 h, filtering, and drying at 80-90 ℃ for 4-8 h to obtain the pretreated coral reef powder.
Ti(SO4)2The hydrolysis is carried out under the thermal condition to generate silicon dioxide nano particles, the silicon dioxide nano particles are deposited on the surface of coral reef powder particles to form micron-nano structure composite particles, and the micron-nano structure composite particles are adhered to a filament structure of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane to form a microscopic hydrophobic structure similar to the surface of a lotus leaf, so that the hydrophobic property of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is improved through a physical method, and the waterproof property of the textile composite material is greatly enhanced.
Preferably, the preparation method of the bottom layer non-woven fabric or the top layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: opening polypropylene fiber, carding, spreading into fiber net, needling and reinforcing the fiber net in a needling machine, surrounding, and cutting to obtain the needle-punched non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the thickness of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is 5-10 mm, and the surface density is 40-60 g/m2。
Preferably, the thickness of the top layer non-woven fabric is 2-5 mm, and the surface density is 20-40 g/m2。
A preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material.
The invention has the main creation points that the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane can shrink in a heating state, after the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is bonded with the bottom layer non-woven fabric and the top layer non-woven fabric, the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane shrinks through heating, so that the needle-punched non-woven fabric is driven to shrink to a certain degree, holes in the needle-punched non-woven fabric are extruded, the sizes of the holes are reduced, after sound waves enter the holes, fibers on the inner wall of the holes are vibrated to generate friction more easily, so that more sound energy is converted into heat energy, and the sound absorption and noise reduction effects of the textile material are greatly reduced; according to the invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is contracted in different degrees by controlling the heating and curing temperature and time, the higher the curing temperature is, the longer the curing time is, the more obvious the contraction effect of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is, the size of the hole on the needled non-woven fabric is indirectly controlled by the contraction in different degrees of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, and the sound absorption performance of the needled non-woven material is optimized by continuous adjustment.
Preferably, the heating curing temperature in the step c) is 60-80 ℃, and the heating curing time is 30-60 min.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is contracted to different degrees by controlling the heating and curing temperature and time, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film is heated and contracted to drive the needled non-woven fabric to also contract to a certain degree, so that the size of the holes in the needled non-woven fabric is indirectly controlled, and the sound absorption performance of the woven material achieves the best effect; the hydrophobic microstructure similar to the lotus leaf surface is formed by combining the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is subjected to hydrophobic characteristic and modification treatment on the coral reef, so that the waterproof performance of the textile composite material is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer superhydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched nonwoven textile composite material of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a microstructure view of a microstructure of a polytetrafluoroethylene film under an electron scanning microscope.
FIG. 3 shows the sound absorption coefficients of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 at different sound wave frequencies.
Reference numerals
A bottom layer non-woven fabric 1, a polytetrafluoroethylene film 2, a top layer non-woven fabric 3 and a binder 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the textile composite material of the present invention, and the composite material includes a bottom layer nonwoven fabric 1, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane 2 and a top layer nonwoven fabric 3, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is sandwiched between the bottom layer nonwoven fabric and the top layer nonwoven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer nonwoven fabric is bonded to the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by a carboxymethyl cellulose binder 4, and the upper surface of the bottom layer nonwoven fabric is bonded to the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by a carboxymethyl cellulose binder 5.
The polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and roasting at 200 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 2%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1:1, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:4, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 0.5h, and standing for 8h to obtain the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
The coral reef powder is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
adding 5 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 60 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 2 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2Heating in water bath to 70 ℃, continuously stirring for 1h, standing for 3h, filtering, and drying at 80 ℃ for 4h to obtain the pretreated coral reef powder.
The preparation method of the bottom layer non-woven fabric or the top layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: opening, carding and laying polypropylene fibers into a fiber web, then putting the fiber web into a needle machine, reinforcing by needle punching, surrounding and cutting to obtain non-woven fabric; the thickness of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is 5mm, and the surface density is 40g/m2The thickness of the top layer nonwoven fabric is 2mm, and the surface density is 20g/m2。
A preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30min, and then washing and drying by using deionized water to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material.
Example 2
The polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises a bottom layer non-woven fabric 1, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane 2 and a top layer non-woven fabric 3, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is clamped between the bottom layer non-woven fabric and the top layer non-woven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through an epoxy resin binder 4, and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through an epoxy resin binder 5.
The polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving with a 70-mesh sieve, and roasting at 240 ℃ for 4.5 hours to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 3%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1:1, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:5, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 0.6h, and standing for 9h to obtain the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
The coral reef powder is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
adding 6 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 65 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 2.5 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2And heating the mixture to 73 ℃ in a water bath, continuously stirring the mixture for 1 hour, standing the mixture for 3.5 hours, filtering the mixture, and drying the filtered mixture for 5 hours at 85 ℃ to obtain the pretreated coral reef powder.
The preparation method of the bottom layer non-woven fabric or the top layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: opening, carding and laying polypropylene fibers into a fiber web, then putting the fiber web into a needle machine, reinforcing by needle punching, surrounding and cutting to obtain non-woven fabric; bottomThe thickness of the layer nonwoven fabric was 6mm and the areal density was 45g/m2The thickness of the top layer nonwoven fabric is 3mm, and the surface density is 25g/m2。
A preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing, wherein the heating and curing temperature is 65 ℃, the heating and curing time is 40min, and then washing and drying by using deionized water to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material.
Example 3
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the textile composite material of the present invention, and the composite material includes a bottom layer nonwoven fabric 1, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane 2 and a top layer nonwoven fabric 3, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is sandwiched between the bottom layer nonwoven fabric and the top layer nonwoven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer nonwoven fabric is bonded to the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by a carboxymethyl cellulose binder 4, and the upper surface of the bottom layer nonwoven fabric is bonded to the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by an epoxy resin binder 5.
The polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and roasting at 260 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 4%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1:2, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:6, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 0.7h, and standing for 10h to obtain the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
The coral reef powder is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
adding 8 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 70 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 3 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2Heating in water bath to 75 ℃, continuously stirring for 2h, standing for 4h, filtering, and drying at 86 ℃ for 6h to obtain the pretreated coral reef powder.
The preparation method of the bottom layer non-woven fabric or the top layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: opening, carding and laying polypropylene fibers into a fiber web, then putting the fiber web into a needle machine, reinforcing by needle punching, surrounding and cutting to obtain non-woven fabric; the thickness of the bottom non-woven fabric is 7mm, and the surface density is 50g/m2The thickness of the top layer nonwoven fabric is 3.5mm, and the surface density is 30g/m2。
A preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing, wherein the heating and curing temperature is 70 ℃, the heating and curing time is 45min, and then washing and drying by using deionized water to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material.
Example 4
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the textile composite material of the present invention, and the composite material includes a bottom layer nonwoven fabric 1, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane 2 and a top layer nonwoven fabric 3, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is sandwiched between the bottom layer nonwoven fabric and the top layer nonwoven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer nonwoven fabric is bonded to the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by a carboxymethyl cellulose binder 4, and the upper surface of the bottom layer nonwoven fabric is bonded to the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane by a carboxymethyl cellulose binder 5.
The polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and roasting at 280 ℃ for 5.5 hours to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 5%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1:3, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:7, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 0.8h, and standing for 11h to obtain the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
The coral reef powder is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
adding 9 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 75 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 3.5 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2Heating in water bath to 78 deg.C, stirring for 3 hr, standing for 4.5 hr, filtering, and drying at 88 deg.C for 7 hr to obtain pretreated coral reef powder.
The preparation method of the bottom layer non-woven fabric or the top layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: opening, carding and laying polypropylene fibers into a fiber web, then putting the fiber web into a needle machine, reinforcing by needle punching, surrounding and cutting to obtain non-woven fabric; the thickness of the bottom non-woven fabric is 8mm, and the surface density is 55g/m2The thickness of the top layer nonwoven fabric is 4mm, and the surface density is 35g/m2。
A preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing at the temperature of 75 ℃ for 50min, and then washing and drying by using deionized water to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material.
Example 5
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer superhydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material, and the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer superhydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material comprises a bottom layer non-woven fabric 1, a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane 2 and a top layer non-woven fabric 3, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is clamped between the bottom layer non-woven fabric and the top layer non-woven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through an epoxy resin binder 4, and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through an epoxy resin binder 5.
The polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, and roasting at 300 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 6%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1:3, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:8, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 1h, and standing for 12h to obtain the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
The coral reef powder is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
weigh 10 timesAdding 80 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 80 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 4 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2Heating in water bath to 80 ℃, continuously stirring for 3h, standing for 5h, filtering, and drying at 90 ℃ for 8h to obtain the pretreated coral reef powder.
The preparation method of the bottom layer non-woven fabric or the top layer non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: opening, carding and laying polypropylene fibers into a fiber web, then putting the fiber web into a needle machine, reinforcing by needle punching, surrounding and cutting to obtain non-woven fabric; the thickness of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is 10mm, and the surface density is 60g/m2The thickness of the top layer nonwoven fabric is 5mm, and the surface density is 40g/m2。
A preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material comprises the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 60min, and then washing and drying by using deionized water to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane has not been pretreated.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 1 is that the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material replaces the step c) of heating and curing with natural curing for a long time under the condition of room temperature.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that there is no polytetrafluoroethylene film between the bottom and top nonwoven.
As shown in fig. 3, the sound absorption coefficients of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention at different sound wave frequencies are greatly increased in the sound absorption coefficient range of 1000 to 2500Hz of the composite material obtained by the pretreatment of the polytetrafluoroethylene film obtained by comparing example 1 with comparative example 1, because the pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene film contains a large amount of porous coral reef powder particles, which can absorb sound waves. Compared with the comparative example 2, the sound absorption coefficient of the composite material prepared by the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after the heating treatment is greatly increased within the range of 1000-2500 Hz, because the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane shrinks in the heat treatment process, the needle-punched non-woven fabric shrinks to a certain extent, the pore diameter of the gaps on the needle-punched non-woven fabric is reduced, the distance between fibers is reduced, and the fibers are easy to rub after sound waves are transmitted to the non-woven fabric, so that sound energy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the sound absorption and noise reduction effects are achieved; example 1 has a higher sound absorption coefficient than comparative example 3, which shows that the sandwich structure of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane has a better sound absorption effect.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. The polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material is characterized by comprising a bottom layer non-woven fabric (1), a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (2) and a top layer non-woven fabric (3), wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane is clamped between the bottom layer non-woven fabric and the top layer non-woven fabric, the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the upper surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through a bonding agent (4), and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric is bonded with the lower surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane through a bonding agent (5);
the polytetrafluoroethylene film is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing coral reefs, sieving the crushed coral reefs with a 60-100-mesh sieve, and roasting the crushed coral reefs for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain dry coral reef powder;
2) adding carboxylated chitosan into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a carboxylated chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 2-6%, then adding ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the deionized water is 1: 1-3, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
3) immersing a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane into the solution obtained in the step 2), adding coral reef powder, wherein the mass ratio of the coral reef powder to the carboxylated chitosan is 1: 4-8, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment for 0.5-1 h, and standing for 8-12 h to obtain a pretreated polytetrafluoroethylene membrane;
the coral reef powder is pretreated, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
adding 5-10 parts by weight of coral reef powder and 60-80 parts by weight of deionized water into a conical flask, uniformly stirring by magnetic force to form a suspension, and adding 2-4 parts by weight of Ti (SO) into the suspension4)2And heating the coral reef powder to 70-80 ℃ in a water bath, continuously stirring for 1-3 h, standing for 3-5 h, filtering, and drying at 80-90 ℃ for 4-8 h to obtain the pretreated coral reef powder.
2. The polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer superhydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched nonwoven textile composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom layer nonwoven fabric or the top layer nonwoven fabric is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: opening polypropylene fiber, carding, spreading into fiber net, needling and reinforcing the fiber net in a needle machine, surrounding and cutting to obtain the non-woven fabric.
3. The polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer superhydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched nonwoven textile composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom layer nonwoven fabric isHas a thickness of 5 to 10mm and an areal density of 40 to 60g/m2。
4. The polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thickness of the top layer non-woven fabric is 2-5 mm, and the areal density is 20-40 g/m2。
5. A preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) gluing: coating an adhesive on the lower surface of the top layer non-woven fabric and the upper surface of the bottom layer non-woven fabric;
b) bonding: firstly, flatly paving a polytetrafluoroethylene film on the upper surface of a bottom layer of non-woven fabric, and then flatly paving the lower surface of a top layer of non-woven fabric downwards on the tetrafluoroethylene film to obtain an intermediate composite material;
c) and (3) curing: and (3) putting the intermediate composite material into an oven for heating and curing, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven composite material.
6. The preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene interlayer super-hydrophobic sound-absorbing needle-punched non-woven textile composite material according to claim 5, wherein the heating curing temperature in the step c) is 60-80 ℃, and the heating curing time is 30-60 min.
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