CN108749191A - 一种绿化工程用人工草皮 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种绿化工程用人工草皮，包括草丝、固定层、支撑层、内水道和附着层，所述草丝与固定层通过织草机缝接一起，所述固定层底部胶结固定有支撑层，所述支撑层内部开设有内水道，所述支撑层沿内水道均匀开设有进水孔，所述内水道位于两束草丝之间，所述内水道顶部两侧开设有导流斜面，所述导流斜面的边沿设有过度圆角，所述内水道底部开设有水槽，所述水槽为倒T型结构，且其顶部两侧设有扩容角，所述支撑层底部胶结固定有附着层。本发明中的人工草皮通过在支撑层内部开设有内水道，内水道的结构能够及时存储排出人工草皮内存积的雨水，并且还可以铺设在土坡上，防止雨水冲刷土坡而造成水土流失。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及绿化工程材料技术领域，具体为一种绿化工程用人工草皮。
背景技术
人工草皮施工需要确保基础平整度达到95%以上及水泥石粉基质达到10%，其次，铺设人工草皮，在铺设过程中发现地面不平整、基质中掺杂杂质，则需要及时修复并清扫现场。一般在场地坡度用水准仪测量，基础横向坡度和纵向坡度控制在1%。同时，确保基础层排水及防水效果，在底层加入防水底油涂布，要求含水率低于8%，基础层无积水现象、表面光滑平整。
人工草皮一般情况采用渗排方式，地下渗水系统与场地构造有密切关系，多采用盲沟形式。人造草坪的地基室外场地地面的排水坡度应该控制在0.3%～0.8%范围内，人工草坪场地(无渗水功能)坡度不大于0.8%，(有渗水功能)坡度为0.3%。室外场地排水沟不小于400mm。
现有技术中对绿化工程用人工草皮中存在以下问题：
1、绿化工程中，一般的人工草皮需要通过渗透作用排出表面存积的雨水，还需要开挖排水沟，施工过程繁琐，排水性差。
2、绿化工程中，只能将人工草皮铺设在坚硬的地面上，对于有土坡或有斜度幅度大的地面，一般的人工草皮难以完成铺设工作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种绿化工程用人工草皮，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种绿化工程用人工草皮，包括草丝、固定层、支撑层、内水道和附着层，所述草丝与固定层通过织草机缝接一起，所述固定层底部胶结固定有支撑层，所述支撑层内部开设有内水道，所述支撑层沿内水道均匀开设有进水孔，所述内水道位于两束草丝之间，所述内水道顶部两侧开设有导流斜面，所述导流斜面的边沿设有过度圆角，所述内水道底部开设有水槽，所述水槽为倒T型结构，且其顶部两侧设有扩容角，所述支撑层底部胶结固定有附着层。
优选的，所述草丝由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、尼龙组合中的至少一种材料拉制而成。
优选的，所述草丝表面添加有紫外线吸收剂和环保型阻燃剂。
优选的，所述导流斜面的斜度设为45度，所述扩容角的斜度设为45度。
优选的，所述固定层由聚乙烯网格布制成。
优选的，所述支撑层由软质泡沫塑料制成。
优选的，所述附着层由无纺布制成。
优选的，所述草丝的高度尺寸为15mm，所述固定层和附着层的厚度尺寸均为3mm，所述支撑层的厚度尺寸为20mm，所述水槽的底部与附着层的顶部之间距离有3mm。
优选的，所述附着层内部开设有出水孔，所述出水孔贯穿支撑层与水槽相连通。
优选的，所述草丝之间填充有石英砂层，所述石英砂层的高度尺寸是草丝高度尺寸的1/2。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、通过在支撑层内部开设有内水道，用于雨天排出人工草皮中的积水，支撑层沿内水道均匀开设有进水孔，雨水可以从进水孔进入内水道，将内水道设置在位于两束草丝之间，在内水道顶部两侧开设有导流斜面，将导流斜面的斜度设置为45度，在导流斜面的边沿设有过度圆角，便于未从进水孔流入的雨水，通过渗透作用，顺利从支撑层底部进入内水道，将内水道底部开设有水槽，用于存储雨水，水槽为倒T型结构，且其顶部两侧设有扩容角，将扩容角的斜度设置为45度，用于扩大水槽的雨水存储容量。内水道能够及时存储排出人工草皮内存积的雨水，不需要专门开挖排水沟。
2、将本人工草皮铺设在土坡上，用100mm长的钢钉，通过进水孔垂直敲入土坡，每平米人工草皮需要用4根钢钉固定，按照内水道的走向水平铺设在土坡时，本人工草皮会随土坡的坡度变化而变化，紧密依附在土坡上表面，当雨天来临，雨水会从进水孔流入到内水道，因内水道倾斜在土坡上表面，水槽也将倾斜依附，无论在土坡的左侧还是右侧，因水槽为倒T型结构，水槽中总能够将雨水存储起来，并且输送到人工草皮的端部。雨水不会因冲刷土坡而造成水土流失，也不会将雨水渗透到土坡的内部，造成土坡上表面生长出植被，顶起本人工草皮，影响绿化工程的美观性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的部分结构截面图；
图2为图1的A处结构放大图；
图3为本发明实施例1的部分结构俯视图；
图4为本发明实施例1实施过程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例2的部分结构截面图；
图6为本发明实施例4的部分结构截面图。
图中：1-草丝；11-石英砂层；2-固定层；21-进水孔；3-支撑层；4-内水道；41-导流斜面；42-过渡圆角；43-水槽；44-扩容角；5-附着层；51-出水孔；6-土坡。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1，请参阅图1和图3，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种绿化工程用人工草皮，包括草丝1、固定层2、支撑层3、内水道4和附着层5，草丝1是由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、尼龙组合中的至少一种材料拉制而成，其中聚乙烯材料制成的草丝1手感更为柔软、外观和运动性能更接近天然草，是目前市场上使用最广泛的人造草纤维原材料。
在草丝1表面添加有紫外线吸收剂和环保型阻燃剂，紫外线吸收剂是一种光稳定剂，能吸收阳光及荧光光源中的紫外线部分，而本身又不发生变化，用于防止草丝1褪色，影响美观。环保型阻燃剂是为了防止草丝1被明火点燃，烧毁整个人工草皮。
固定层2由聚乙烯网格布制成，主要生产工艺是利用塑料原料经挤出薄膜、切割、单向拉伸为扁丝，经过经纬编织得到产品，固定层2主要用于将草丝1附着编织在固定层2顶部，将草丝1与固定层2通过织草机缝接一起，交织距离3/8英寸，簇密度：6300--23100簇/㎡，当然，簇密度越高草丝1在固定层2顶部越密集，草丝1的整体弹性与美观性越好。
在固定层2底部胶结固定支撑层3，支撑层3由软质泡沫塑料制成，软质泡沫塑料可压缩程度小，去除应力后可立即恢复原来形状，几乎无残余变形的泡沫塑料，其特点是重量轻，便于运输、弹性好，可用作软垫及缓冲性包装材料，支撑层3支撑顶部的草丝1和固定层2，并且支撑层3具有吸水率低、吸湿性小，化学稳定性好，本身不会对内装物产生腐蚀，且对酸、碱等化学药品有较强的耐受性。
请参阅图2，在支撑层3内部开设有内水道4，雨天排出人工草皮中的积水，支撑层3沿内水道4均匀开设有进水孔21，雨水可以从进水孔21进入内水道4，将内水道4设置在位于两束草丝1之间，在内水道4顶部两侧开设有导流斜面41，将导流斜面41的斜度设置为45度，在导流斜面41的边沿设有过度圆角42，便于未从进水孔21流入的雨水，通过渗透作用，顺利从支撑层3底部进入内水道4，将内水道4底部开设有水槽43，用于存储雨水，水槽43为倒T型结构，且其顶部两侧设有扩容角44，将扩容角44的斜度设置为45度，用于扩大水槽43的雨水存储容量。
在支撑层3底部胶结固定有附着层5，附着层5由无纺布制成，采用聚丙烯粒料为原料，经高温熔融、喷丝、铺纲、热压卷取连续一步法生产而成，无纺布具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、不助燃、容易分解、无毒无刺激性、防水性好、价格低廉、可循环再用等特点。
请参阅图4，将本人工草皮按照内水道4的走向水平铺设在土坡6时，本人工草皮会随土坡6的坡度变化而变化，紧密依附在土坡6上表面，当雨天来临，雨水会从进水孔21流入到内水道4，因内水道4倾斜在土坡6上表面，水槽43也将倾斜依附，无论在土坡6的左侧还是右侧，因水槽43为倒T型结构，水槽43中总能够将雨水存储起来，并且输送到人工草皮的端部。雨水不会因冲刷土坡6而造成水土流失，也不会将雨水渗透到土坡6的内部，造成土坡6上表面生长出植被，顶起本人工草皮，影响绿化工程的美观性。
在本人工草皮中，草丝1的高度尺寸为15mm，固定层2和附着层5的厚度尺寸均为3mm，固定层2厚度太厚将影响草丝1的编织，支撑层3的厚度尺寸为20mm，支撑层3有很好的弹性，内部的内水道4存储雨天以及输送雨水，将水槽43的底部与附着层5的顶部之间距离有3mm，进一步提升内水道4中水槽43的存储雨天以及输送雨水的空间。
实施时将地面整理平整，将本人工草皮铺设在土坡6上，用100mm长的钢钉，通过进水孔21垂直敲入土坡，每平米人工草皮需要用4根钢钉固定。
实施例2，请参阅图5，在实施例1的基础上，将附着层5内部开设有出水孔51，将出水孔51贯穿支撑层3与水槽43相连通，水槽43中存储的雨水，可以直接从出水孔51流出渗透到地面。本实施例适合在比较平坦的地面实施，可以在小区绿化，庭院，阳台，公园，园林绿化中实施。
实施例3，在实施例1的基础上，先在地基上铺设一定厚度的卵石、再铺上沥青或混凝土构成，其目的是使其具有坚实、不变形、承高压、表面光滑和不透水的特性。在附着层5的底部用油漆刷刷上一层万能胶水，涂胶速度要适当，涂胶的厚度要均匀，一般以涂胶后10—30分钟内，胶浆达到八九成干以手触不粘为最佳粘合时间，粘接时要求一次性对准粘牢，切不可在粘和后来回移动本人工草皮，将附着层5向下粘在沥青或混凝土。将搭接的草皮用草坪切割器切割平齐，接缝应不大于3毫米，粘接好后，用橡胶锤从粘接处向两边用力锤实，使其表面充分接触密实，粘接更牢固。对于胶水的用量，一般100m2的人工草皮遇到一桶15升的胶水。胶水的固化时间一般为三天，检测最终强度一般为十天，在固化期间应注意维护，避免暴晒、水浸和移动，已达到粘结的最佳状态。本实施例适合在人们经常行走运动的地面上实施，比如小区道路、球场跑道。
实施例4，请参阅图6，在实施例3的基础上，将草丝1之间填充石英砂层11，石英砂填充标准规格为1.5-2㎜，用量为25-28kg/㎡，含硅量至少为97%，圆度大于3度，石英砂形状为圆形，不可以有锋利的棱角，防止滑坡附着层5的底部，石英砂要进行清洗，清洗过后进行干燥。为了展显草丝1，将石英砂层11的高度尺寸是草丝1高度尺寸的1/2，即使铺上石英砂层11，也不影响绿化效果。
本实施例适合在人们行走经过的道路上实施，比如公园里的羊肠小道，铺设上石英砂能够防止被行人踩坏草丝1，支承层3具有很好的弹性，能够对行人的走动起到缓冲减震作用。遇到下雨天雨水会从石英砂颗粒间的缝隙中渗透进入进水孔21，最终从水槽43中流出。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”、“第二”之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序，也不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
在本发明中，除非另有说明，“若干个”的含义是两个或两个以上；术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种绿化工程用人工草皮，包括草丝（1）、固定层（2）、支撑层（3）、内水道（4）和附着层（5），其特征在于：所述草丝（1）与固定层（2）通过织草机缝接一起，所述固定层（2）底部胶结固定有支撑层（3），所述支撑层（3）内部开设有内水道（4），所述支撑层（3）沿内水道（4）均匀开设有进水孔（21），所述内水道（4）位于两束草丝（1）之间，所述内水道（4）顶部两侧开设有导流斜面（41），所述导流斜面（41）的边沿设有过度圆角（42），所述内水道（4）底部开设有水槽（43），所述水槽（43）为倒T型结构，且其顶部两侧设有扩容角（44），所述支撑层（3）底部胶结固定有附着层（5）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述草丝（1）由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、尼龙组合中的至少一种材料拉制而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述草丝（1）表面添加有紫外线吸收剂和环保型阻燃剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述导流斜面（41）的斜度设为45度，所述扩容角（44）的斜度设为45度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述固定层（2）由聚乙烯网格布制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述支撑层（3）由软质泡沫塑料制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述附着层（5）由无纺布制成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述草丝（1）的高度尺寸为15mm，所述固定层（2）和附着层（5）的厚度尺寸均为3mm，所述支撑层（3）的厚度尺寸为20mm，所述水槽（43）的底部与附着层（5）的顶部之间距离有3mm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述附着层（5）内部开设有出水孔（51），所述出水孔（51）贯穿支撑层（3）与水槽（43）相连通。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿化工程用人工草皮，其特征在于：所述草丝（1）之间填充有石英砂层（11），所述石英砂层（11）的高度尺寸是草丝（1）高度尺寸的1/2。
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| CN110777604A (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-11 | 杭州宝力体育设施工程有限公司 | 一种环保人工草皮的合成配方及施工方法 |
| WO2020228329A1 (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | 扬州绿宝人造草坪有限公司 | 一种免填充型人造草坪 |
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| WO2020228329A1 (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | 扬州绿宝人造草坪有限公司 | 一种免填充型人造草坪 |
| CN110777604A (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-11 | 杭州宝力体育设施工程有限公司 | 一种环保人工草皮的合成配方及施工方法 |
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