CN108746597B - Vacuum vibration densification processing device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder - Google Patents
Vacuum vibration densification processing device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108746597B CN108746597B CN201810876228.5A CN201810876228A CN108746597B CN 108746597 B CN108746597 B CN 108746597B CN 201810876228 A CN201810876228 A CN 201810876228A CN 108746597 B CN108746597 B CN 108746597B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum chamber
- vacuum
- trolley
- track section
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2201/00—Treatment under specific atmosphere
- B22F2201/20—Use of vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2202/00—Treatment under specific physical conditions
- B22F2202/01—Use of vibrations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum vibration densification treatment device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder, which comprises: a vacuum chamber with a sliding door, a vertical storage barrel with an open top, a trolley for carrying the storage barrel, and a track for guiding the trolley to enter and exit the vacuum chamber; a feeding hole is formed in the top wall of the vacuum chamber, and a positioning hopper is arranged below the feeding hole; the side wall of the vacuum chamber is provided with a vibrating mechanism for vibrating the storage barrel; a barrel cover for closing the opening at the top of the storage barrel is also arranged in the vacuum chamber, and is clamped by a clamping mechanism connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber; the vacuum chamber is also provided with: the trolley driving mechanism is used for driving the trolley to translate along the inner track section; the side wall of the vacuum chamber is also provided with a vacuum-pumping port, and the vacuum-pumping port is externally connected with a vacuum-pumping device. The vacuum vibration densification treatment device for the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder can perform vibration densification treatment on the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder under a vacuum condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vacuum vibration densification treatment device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder.
Background
Powder metallurgy technology takes metal powder or a mixture of metal powder and non-metal powder as raw materials, and prepares metal materials, composite materials and various products through forming and sintering. At present, the powder metallurgy technology is widely applied to the fields of transportation, machinery, electronics, aerospace, weapons, biology, new energy, information, nuclear industry and the like, and becomes one of the branches with the most development activity in new material science. The powder metallurgy technology has a series of advantages of remarkable energy conservation, material saving, excellent performance, high product precision, good stability and the like, and is very suitable for mass production. In addition, materials and complex parts that cannot be produced in part by conventional casting and machining methods can also be produced by powder metallurgy techniques and are therefore of great importance to the industry.
At present, when aluminum-titanium master alloy powder is used as a raw material to prepare a metal material, the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder needs to be subjected to necessary densification in advance, and the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder is easy to react with gases such as oxygen in the air, so that the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder needs to be subjected to densification in a vacuum environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum vibration densification device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder, which can perform vibration densification on the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder under vacuum conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is to design a vacuum vibration densification treatment device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder, comprising: a vacuum chamber with a sliding door, a vertical storage barrel with an open top, a trolley for carrying the storage barrel, and a track for guiding the trolley to enter and exit the vacuum chamber;
the track is divided into two sections by a sliding door: an inner track section located inside the vacuum chamber, and an outer track section located outside the vacuum chamber and corresponding to the inner track section;
a feeding hole is formed in the top wall of the vacuum chamber, a positioning hopper is arranged below the feeding hole, and the discharging end of the positioning hopper is positioned right above the inner track section;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber is provided with a vibrating mechanism for vibrating the storage bucket, the vibrating mechanism and the positioning hopper are positioned on the same vertical surface, and the vertical surface is vertical to the inner track section;
a barrel cover for closing the top opening of the storage barrel is further arranged in the vacuum chamber, the barrel cover is clamped by a clamping mechanism connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber, and the barrel cover is positioned right above the inner track section;
the barrel cover is positioned above the discharge end of the positioning hopper, and the sliding door, the barrel cover and the positioning hopper are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the inner track section;
the inside of the vacuum chamber is also provided with: the trolley driving mechanism is used for driving the trolley to translate along the inner track section;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber is also provided with a vacuum pumping port, and the vacuum pumping port is externally connected with a vacuum pumping device.
Preferably, the feed inlet is provided with a valve.
Preferably, the side wall of the vacuum chamber is also provided with an observation window.
Preferably, the vibration mechanism includes: the vibrating device is used for vibrating the storage barrel and is connected with the side wall of the vacuum chamber. And a translation driving device for driving the vibration device to translate along the direction perpendicular to the inner track section.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises: the lifting driving device is connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber and drives the electric clamp to lift.
Preferably, the trolley driving mechanism includes: push-and-pull cylinder connected with the trolley through the hook.
Preferably, the vacuum pumping device comprises: and a vacuum pump set capable of vacuumizing the vacuum chamber.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: provided is a vacuum vibration densification device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder, which can perform vibration densification on the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder under vacuum conditions.
The application method of the device comprises the following steps:
opening a sliding door of the vacuum chamber, pushing the trolley into the vacuum chamber and connecting the trolley with a trolley driving mechanism, wherein if a push-pull cylinder is connected with the trolley through a hook, the trolley driving mechanism drives the trolley to translate along an internal track section, and when a storage barrel on the trolley moves to a first station (namely, right below a discharge end of a positioning hopper), the sliding door is closed, so that a closed space is formed in the vacuum chamber; at the moment, a vacuum pump set of the vacuumizing device is opened to vacuumize the vacuum chamber, so that the vacuum chamber reaches the required vacuum degree (a certain amount of protective gas can be filled into the vacuum chamber when necessary), a valve of a feed inlet is opened, a vibrating mechanism is started (the vibrating mechanism drives a storage barrel on the trolley to vibrate together), blanking is started, and aluminum-titanium master alloy powder falls into the storage barrel and is vibrated to be compact.
After blanking is finished, a feed inlet valve and a vibrating mechanism are closed, the trolley driving mechanism drives the trolley to translate along the inner track section again, and when a storage barrel on the trolley moves to a second station (namely, right below the barrel cover), the barrel cover is covered on the storage barrel by the clamping and placing mechanism, and the top of the storage barrel is closed by the barrel cover; then the vacuum chamber breaks the vacuum, opens the sliding door and pushes out the trolley, thus completing a working cycle.
The aluminum-titanium master alloy powder after densification lays a good foundation for the next processing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a vacuum vibration densification apparatus for an aluminum-titanium master alloy powder includes: a vacuum chamber 1 provided with a sliding door 2, a vertical storage bucket 3 with an open top, a trolley 4 for carrying the storage bucket 3, and a track for guiding the trolley 4 to enter and exit the vacuum chamber 1;
the track is divided by a sliding door 2 into two sections: an inner track section 5 located inside the vacuum chamber 1, and an outer track section 6 located outside the vacuum chamber 1 and corresponding to the inner track section 5;
a feeding hole 7 is formed in the top wall of the vacuum chamber 1, a positioning hopper 8 is arranged below the feeding hole 7, and the discharging end of the positioning hopper 8 is positioned right above the inner track section 5;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber 1 is provided with a vibrating mechanism 9 for vibrating the storage bucket 3, the vibrating mechanism 9 and the positioning hopper 8 are positioned on the same vertical surface, and the vertical surface is vertical to the inner track section 5;
a barrel cover 10 for closing the top opening of the storage barrel 3 is further arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, the barrel cover 10 is clamped by a clamping mechanism 11 connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber 1, and the barrel cover 10 is positioned right above the inner track section 5;
the barrel cover 10 is positioned above the discharge end of the positioning hopper 8, and the sliding door 2, the barrel cover 10 and the positioning hopper 8 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the inner track section 5;
the vacuum chamber 1 is also provided with: a trolley 4 drive mechanism (not shown) for driving trolley 4 in translation along inner track segment 5;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber 1 is also provided with a vacuum-pumping port 12, and the vacuum-pumping port 12 is externally connected with a vacuum-pumping device.
Preferably, the inlet 7 is provided with a valve (not shown).
Preferably, the side wall of the vacuum chamber 1 is further provided with an observation window 13.
Preferably, the vibration mechanism 9 includes: the vibrating device is used for vibrating the storage barrel 3 and is connected with the side wall of the vacuum chamber 1. And a translation driving means for driving the vibration means to translate in a direction perpendicular to the inner track section 5.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism 11 includes: an electric clamp for clamping the barrel cover 10 and a lifting driving device which is connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber 1 and drives the electric clamp to lift.
Preferably, the driving mechanism of the trolley 4 includes: push-pull cylinder connected with trolley 4 through couple.
Preferably, the vacuum pumping device comprises: a vacuum pump group for vacuumizing the vacuum chamber 1.
The vacuum vibration densification treatment device for the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder can perform vibration densification treatment on the aluminum-titanium master alloy powder under a vacuum condition.
The application method of the device comprises the following steps:
opening a sliding door 2 of the vacuum chamber 1, pushing a trolley 4 into the vacuum chamber 1 and connecting the trolley 1 with a trolley 4 driving mechanism, such as a push-pull cylinder connected with the trolley 4 through a hook, wherein the trolley 4 driving mechanism drives the trolley 4 to translate along an internal track section 5, and when a storage barrel 3 on the trolley 4 moves to a first station (namely, right below a discharge end of a positioning hopper 8), closing the sliding door 2, so that the vacuum chamber 1 forms a closed space; at this time, a vacuum pump group of the vacuumizing device is opened to vacuumize the vacuum chamber 1, so that the vacuum chamber 1 reaches the required vacuum degree (a certain amount of protective gas can be filled into the vacuum chamber 1 if necessary), a valve of the feed inlet 7 is opened, the vibrating mechanism 9 is opened (the vibrating mechanism 9 drives the storage barrel 3 on the trolley 4 to vibrate together), blanking is started, and aluminum-titanium master alloy powder falls into the storage barrel 3 and is vibrated to be compact.
After blanking is finished, a valve of a feed inlet 7 and a vibrating mechanism 9 are closed, a driving mechanism of the trolley 4 drives the trolley 4 to translate along an inner track section 5 again, when a storage barrel 3 on the trolley 4 moves to a second station (namely, right below a barrel cover 10), a clamping and placing mechanism 11 covers the barrel cover 10 on the storage barrel 3, and the barrel cover 10 seals an opening at the top of the storage barrel 3; then the vacuum chamber 1 breaks the vacuum, opens the sliding door 2 and pushes out the trolley 4, thus completing one working cycle.
The aluminum-titanium master alloy powder after densification lays a good foundation for the next processing.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A vacuum vibration densification processing apparatus of an aluminum-titanium master alloy powder, comprising: a vacuum chamber with a sliding door, a vertical storage barrel with an open top, a trolley for carrying the storage barrel, and a track for guiding the trolley to enter and exit the vacuum chamber;
the track is divided into two sections by a sliding door: an inner track section located inside the vacuum chamber, and an outer track section located outside the vacuum chamber and corresponding to the inner track section;
a feeding hole is formed in the top wall of the vacuum chamber, a positioning hopper is arranged below the feeding hole, and the discharging end of the positioning hopper is positioned right above the inner track section;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber is provided with a vibrating mechanism for vibrating the storage bucket, the vibrating mechanism and the positioning hopper are positioned on the same vertical surface, and the vertical surface is vertical to the inner track section;
a barrel cover for closing the top opening of the storage barrel is further arranged in the vacuum chamber, the barrel cover is clamped by a clamping mechanism connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber, and the barrel cover is positioned right above the inner track section;
the barrel cover is positioned above the discharge end of the positioning hopper, and the sliding door, the barrel cover and the positioning hopper are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the inner track section;
the inside of the vacuum chamber is also provided with: the trolley driving mechanism is used for driving the trolley to translate along the inner track section;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber is also provided with a vacuum pumping port, and the vacuum pumping port is externally connected with a vacuum pumping device;
the feed inlet is provided with a valve;
the side wall of the vacuum chamber is also provided with an observation window;
the vibration mechanism includes: the vibration device is used for vibrating the storage barrel, and is connected with the side wall of the vacuum chamber and drives the vibration device to translate along the direction vertical to the inner track section;
the clamping mechanism comprises: the lifting driving device is connected with the top wall of the vacuum chamber and drives the electric clamp to lift.
2. The apparatus for vacuum vibration densification of an aluminum-titanium master alloy powder according to claim 1, wherein the carriage driving mechanism comprises: push-and-pull cylinder connected with the trolley through the hook.
3. The apparatus for vacuum vibration densification of an aluminum-titanium master alloy powder according to claim 2, wherein the evacuating means comprises: and a vacuum pump set capable of vacuumizing the vacuum chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810876228.5A CN108746597B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Vacuum vibration densification processing device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810876228.5A CN108746597B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Vacuum vibration densification processing device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108746597A CN108746597A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
| CN108746597B true CN108746597B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
Family
ID=63968708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810876228.5A Active CN108746597B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Vacuum vibration densification processing device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108746597B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2002578C1 (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 1993-11-15 | Всероссийский институт легких сплавов | Method of filling capsules by granulated powders of hand-deformable alloys |
| CN102398028A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Vacuum thermal dynamic metal powder degassing and canning method |
| CN105667844A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏创新包装科技有限公司 | High-efficiency and high-precision packaging machine for powder filling |
| CN106903302A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 西安聚能装备技术有限公司 | A kind of metal powder degassing, encapsulation, pincers envelope integration apparatus |
| CN207267564U (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-04-24 | 哈尔滨博实昌久设备有限责任公司 | Device of full automatic packaging |
| CN208644061U (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-03-26 | 苏州振湖电炉有限公司 | The vacuum vibration densified device of aluminium titanium mother alloy powder |
-
2018
- 2018-08-03 CN CN201810876228.5A patent/CN108746597B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2002578C1 (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 1993-11-15 | Всероссийский институт легких сплавов | Method of filling capsules by granulated powders of hand-deformable alloys |
| CN102398028A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-04-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Vacuum thermal dynamic metal powder degassing and canning method |
| CN105667844A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏创新包装科技有限公司 | High-efficiency and high-precision packaging machine for powder filling |
| CN106903302A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 西安聚能装备技术有限公司 | A kind of metal powder degassing, encapsulation, pincers envelope integration apparatus |
| CN207267564U (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-04-24 | 哈尔滨博实昌久设备有限责任公司 | Device of full automatic packaging |
| CN208644061U (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-03-26 | 苏州振湖电炉有限公司 | The vacuum vibration densified device of aluminium titanium mother alloy powder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108746597A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2851144B1 (en) | Technological process for sintering of a rare earth permanently magnetic alloy and apparatus therefor | |
| CN101468523B (en) | Vacuum hotpressing machine | |
| CN108480597A (en) | A kind of condition of high vacuum degree of die casting fast implements device | |
| CN104532045B (en) | A kind of preparation method of high volume fraction grain enhanced aluminum-base compound material | |
| CN108746597B (en) | Vacuum vibration densification processing device for aluminum-titanium master alloy powder | |
| CN105932219B (en) | A kind of aluminum-shell battery notes helium nailing device and method thereof | |
| CN102773477A (en) | Vacuumizing forming device and method of magnetic field hydraulic machine | |
| CN102925644A (en) | Vacuum heat treatment and subzero treatment integrated machine | |
| CN2901285Y (en) | Online sampling device for vacuum quick quenching furnace | |
| CN108515158B (en) | Amorphous alloy smelting and die-casting forming device and method | |
| CN110440583A (en) | Sintering furnace and nickel electrode atmosphere continuous tunnel furnace | |
| CN208644061U (en) | The vacuum vibration densified device of aluminium titanium mother alloy powder | |
| CN212770434U (en) | Deoxidation type workpiece transfer device | |
| CN206854981U (en) | A kind of continuous cushioning device of bottle cap | |
| RU2619377C2 (en) | Device and method of handling heat treatment load for isostatic pressure processing | |
| CN108302940A (en) | A kind of transit wagon | |
| CN219900246U (en) | Closed operation panel suitable for tungsten powder forging platform | |
| TW201347875A (en) | Micro pore-seal method utilizing vacuum and high pressure | |
| KR20090126220A (en) | Charging apparatus for charging metal material into vaccum melting chamber with maintaining vaccum status and method thereof | |
| CN208230851U (en) | A kind of degreasing sintered furnace of horizontal vacuum | |
| CN206832047U (en) | A kind of side-feeding type feed system for vacuum induction melting furnace | |
| CN215893234U (en) | Vacuum sintering furnace is used in production of intelligent target | |
| CN106734208B (en) | A kind of floating pressure device of hot rolling shaping revolving meber | |
| CN2674295Y (en) | High-temp reaction fritting furnace | |
| CN109179974A (en) | Deoxygenation dust-extraction unit, hot bending shape equipment and deoxygenation dust removal method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |