CN108746596B - A kind of 3D printing metal material and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing metal material and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108746596B CN108746596B CN201810693707.3A CN201810693707A CN108746596B CN 108746596 B CN108746596 B CN 108746596B CN 201810693707 A CN201810693707 A CN 201810693707A CN 108746596 B CN108746596 B CN 108746596B
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Ga 78.5% Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006139 NiGa4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- YZZNJYQZJKSEER-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium tin Chemical compound [Ga].[Sn] YZZNJYQZJKSEER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of 3D printing metal material and preparation method thereof and application method, preparation method includes: that low-melting-point metal or alloy are uniformly mixed to a period of time with metal powder by a certain percentage；During mixing, makes low-melting-point metal or alloy that alloy occur with metal powder part and react to obtain, and the freezen protective in applying argon gas or the environment of vacuum.A kind of 3D printing of the invention can be in a liquid state state or lotion state with room temperature self-curing metal material under room temperature state, it can be squeezed out with 3D printer, it does not need the energy sources such as laser, electron beam or electric arc and carries out high temperature sintering, melting, it is reacted at room temperature by alloy and realizes self-curing, reduce 3D printing equipment cost and energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, in particular to a kind of 3D printing metal material and preparation method thereof and use
Method.
Background technique
3D printing technique belongs to advanced increases material manufacturing technology, is the thought based on calculus, and demixing scan, superposition are molding
A kind of manufacture.Recent study more succeed, have certain practical application metal alloy compositions 3D printing technique it is main
Have: precinct laser sintering (SLS) technology, precinct laser fusion (SLM) technology, Laser Melting Deposition (LMD) technology and electron beam
Selective melting (EBSM) technology etc., these technology material therefors are special-purpose metal alloy powder, are made by laser or electron beam
Its successively sintering or melting then form.There are also mechanisms to ask at high cost, dust pollution of special-purpose metal alloy powder etc.
Topic is studied and applies wire feed formula metal alloy compositions 3D printing technique, and what research application was more in this respect is non-melt pole gas
Body protects (TIG) fuse technique.
Existing metal alloy compositions 3D printing technique be by the energy sources such as laser, electron beam or electric arc input energy from
And making metal alloy compositions sintering or melt molding, metal alloy compositions used are special-purpose metal alloy powder or silk material.In 3D
There are numerous studies, such as a kind of patent " system of 3D printing titanium or titanium alloy silk or powder in terms of printing metal alloy compositions
Preparation Method (CN 105033249B) ", a kind of " preparation method (CN of 3D printing Ni-base Superalloy Powder
104550984B) ", " a kind of preparation method (CN 105252005B) of the tin alloy silk material for 3D printing " etc..These
Research is the special-purpose metal alloy powder or silk material for being directed to aforementioned 3D printing technique and researching and developing, and needs to input by energy source
Energy could be sintered or melt molding.
The present invention proposes that a kind of 3D printing metal material, such 3D printing metal material can be under room temperature state
Liquid condition or lotion state can be squeezed out on 3D printer by the capillary of most thin 0.06mm, without the case where heating
Under, self-curing forming is realized at room temperature, reduces 3D printing equipment cost and energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of 3D printing metal material, to make up in the prior art
3D printer prints at high cost, high material consumption, high-temperature heating problem dangerous, poor for applicability.
In some illustrative embodiments, the preparation method of the 3D printing metal material, comprising: by fusing point 30
Degree Celsius metal powder of the low-melting-point metal below with fusing point at 1000 degrees Celsius or more uniformly mixes；In mixed process, make
The part low-melting-point metal occurs alloy with the part metal powder and reacts, and generates new alloy reactant, wherein described
The fusing point of alloy reactant is higher than 30 degrees Celsius；After mixing, there is the low-melting-point metal, the metal simultaneously
The metal mixture of powder and the new alloy reactant, as 3D printing metal material；The metal mixture
Solid-state is voluntarily converted by liquid through a period of time at room temperature.
In some optionally embodiments, close the low-melting-point metal with the metal powder
Gold reaction: the low-melting-point metal and the contact surface of the metal powder is made to reach certain energy；Wherein, the energy packet
It includes: thermal energy or thermal energy and mechanical energy.
In some optionally embodiments, make the contact of the low-melting-point metal with the metal powder in the following way
Position reaches certain energy: to the mixture of the low-melting-point metal and the metal powder under vacuum or ar gas environment
Carry out ball-milling treatment.
In some optionally embodiments, rotational speed of ball-mill is 800-1000 rev/min in the ball-milling treatment；Ball milling
Time was at 10-60 minutes, preferably 15-30 minutes.
Further include following steps in some optionally embodiments: at once mixing the metal obtained after ball-milling treatment
It closes object and is placed in -30 DEG C or lower temperature freezen protective in vacuum or argon atmosphere.
In some optionally embodiments, which is characterized in that the low-melting-point metal includes following one or any combination:
Gallium simple substance, gallium-base alloy；The metal powder includes following one or any combination: nickel powder, iron powder.
In some optionally embodiments, the partial size of the metal powder is 50nm~5 μm, preferably 0.5 μm~1 μm.
In some optionally embodiments, the mass fraction of the metal powder is 10%-25%.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of 3D printing metal material, to solve 3D printer in the prior art
Print at high cost, high material consumption, high-temperature heating problem dangerous, poor for applicability.
In some illustrative embodiments, the 3D printing is made up with metal material of method produced above, form
For viscous liquid, ingredient includes: fusing point in 30 degrees Celsius of low-melting-point metals below, fusing point at 1000 degrees Celsius or more
Metal powder and fusing point higher than 30 degrees Celsius the low-melting-point metal and the metal powder alloy reactant, institute
It states 3D printing and solid-state is voluntarily converted by liquid through a period of time at room temperature with metal material.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of application method of 3D printing metal material, to solve the prior art
Middle 3D printer prints at high cost, high material consumption, high-temperature heating problem dangerous, poor for applicability.
In some illustrative embodiments, the application method of the 3D printing metal material, comprising: from freezing environment
Middle taking-up is thawed, and is placed in extrusion molding in 3D printer and is printed, the 3D printing was with metal material 0.5~8 hour at normal temperature
Complete solidification.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
(1) 3D printing of the invention with metal material using saving 3D printing equipment cost and energy consumption, without high temperature plus
Heat, it is convenient and safe.
(2) there is certain viscosity, after one layer of 3D printing, without waiting before 3D printing of the invention is solidified with metal material
It, which is fully cured, can print next layer.
(3) there is certain structural strength, better than common gold such as lead, tin after 3D printing metal material of the invention solidifies
Belong to, close to copper.
(4) 3D printing metal material of the invention can be by changing metal powder content, type, size and ball milling work
Skill etc. adjusts viscosity, curing time, intensity etc., adapts to different application.
Specific embodiment
It is described below and specific embodiments of the present invention is fully shown, to enable those skilled in the art to practice it
?.Other embodiments may include structure, logic, it is electrical, process and other change.Embodiment only generation
The possible variation of table.Unless explicitly requested, otherwise individual components and functionality is optional, and the sequence operated can become
Change.The part of some embodiments and feature can be included in or replace part and the feature of other embodiments.The present invention
The range of embodiment include the entire scope of claims and all obtainable equivalents of claims.
Herein, these embodiments of the invention can individually or generally be indicated that this is only to be with term " invention "
Convenience, and if in fact disclose the invention more than one, the range for being not meant to automatically limit the application is any
Single invention or inventive concept.
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of 3D printing metal material, comprising: by a certain percentage by fusing point 30
The metal powder of degree Celsius low-melting-point metal below with fusing point at 1000 degrees Celsius or more uniformly mixes a period of time；Mixed
Low-melting-point metal can be made to react during conjunction with part metals powder generation alloy in several ways, generate the new of the two
Alloy reactant, wherein the fusing point of the alloy reactant be higher than 30 degrees Celsius；After above-mentioned mixing, it can be obtained simultaneously
Metal powder and the two with fusing point in 30 degrees Celsius of low-melting-point metals below, fusing point at 1000 degrees Celsius or more
The metal mixture of the viscous liquid of alloy reactant, as 3D printing metal material；The metal mixture is at room temperature
Solid-state is voluntarily converted by liquid through a period of time.
The 3D printing metal material is in printing solidification process, due to containing above-mentioned three components in it, alloy at
Remaining low-melting-point metal can be induced by dividing reacts with the generation alloy of remaining metal powder under field conditions (factors) again gradually,
Until both low-melting-point metal and metal powder sufficiently react or react to a certain extent, alloy reactant is in the metal at this time
Accounting increases in material, which is solid by viscous liquid variation.Since the metal material has before being fully cured
There is certain viscosity, in print procedure, after one layer of printing may not need waiting and be fully cured can print next layer, and
The structural strength of the metal material is greater than 200MPa, better than common low-melting-point metal, can be good at the need for adapting to 3D printing
It asks.
It is reacted in the present invention using the alloy part between low-melting-point metal and refractory metal, makes 3D printing metal material
Expect in mixture that the alloy reactant can voluntarily drive remaining low melting point under field conditions (factors) there are this alloy reactant
Metal occurs alloy with refractory metal and reacts, and realizes the effect of self-curing.3D printing material compared to the prior art and
Say have while 3D printing metal material in the present invention and prepare simply, using safe, viscosity is high, curing time is short, suitable
With property is strong, the advantages such as easy-to-use.
In some embodiments, make low-melting-point metal that the mode reacted of alloy occur with the part in metal powder to include:
One or more mode/stimulation/equipment in the prior art can make contact position of the low-melting-point metal with the metal powder
Set the energy for reaching certain；Wherein, the energy includes: thermal energy or thermal energy and mechanical energy.Such as it heats, hit, roll
Relevant device/component is realized.Preferably, connecing for the low-melting-point metal and the metal powder can be realized by ball-milling treatment
Touching position reaches certain energy, to generate alloy part reaction.Such as using ball mill and like device, by low melting point
Metal and metal powder in certain ratio are mixed into ball mill container (ball grinder), then ball grinder is put into ball mill, in vacuum
Or certain time is run with certain revolving speed in argon atmosphere.Wherein, the optional range of drum's speed of rotation is at 800-1000 revs/min
Clock, Ball-milling Time was at -60 minutes 10 minutes, and more preferably, Ball-milling Time is can be controlled in 15-30 minutes, at once will after ball-milling treatment
The metal mixture obtained is placed in -30 DEG C or lower temperature freezen protective in vacuum or argon atmosphere.
The present invention can realize the local high energy between low-melting-point metal and metal powder using the mode of ball-milling treatment, thus
The alloy reaction condition for reaching the two completes part of the invention/alloy part reaction purpose.And ball-milling treatment is opposite
For other processing modes, prepare highly-safe.The metal mixture obtained is placed in -30 DEG C at once after ball-milling treatment
Or lower temperature freezen protective in vacuum or argon atmosphere.
Low-melting-point metal and metal powder in the embodiment of the present invention, which can be selected, any meets realization principle of the present invention
Combination, requires to include at following 3 points:
1. the fusing point of low-melting-point metal is at 30 degrees Celsius or less；
2. the fusing point of metal powder is at 1000 degrees Celsius or more；
3. between low-melting-point metal and metal powder intercrescence can be issued at high energy (certain energy in the embodiment of the present invention)
Gold reaction, and the fusing point of alloy reactant is at 30 degrees Celsius or more.
In some embodiments, gallium simple substance can be selected in low-melting-point metal, at normal atmospheric pressure (institute in the embodiment of the present invention
The fusing point used refers both to fusing point at normal atmospheric pressure) 29.7 degrees Celsius.In addition to gallium simple substance, in the embodiment of the present invention
Low-melting-point metal can also select gallium-base alloy, the fusing point of gallium-base alloy is generally at 30 degrees Celsius hereinafter, such as gallium-indium alloy
(such as Ga 78.5%, In 21.5%), (such as Ga 75%, In 25%), the ingredient accounting of gallium is 50 or more in gallium-base alloy.
Further, gallium tin alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy etc. also can be selected in gallium-base alloy.
In the embodiment of the present invention, fusing point is primarily referred to as nickel powder and/or iron powder in 1000 degrees Celsius or more of metal powder, this
Two kinds of metal powders can occur alloy with the gallium in gallium simple substance or gallium-base alloy under ball milling condition and react, and generate FeGa3,
NiGa4.Given this point carries out mixing and ball milling, example using gallium simple substance and/or gallium-base alloy and nickel powder in the embodiment of the present invention
Low-melting-point metal is such as selected to select gallium simple substance, metal powder selects nickel powder or low-melting-point metal selects gallium-base alloy, gold
Belong to powder and select iron powder, then low-melting-point metal select the mixture of gallium-base alloy and gallium simple substance, metal powder then selects nickel
The mixture of powder and iron powder.Do not make exhaustion herein.In some embodiments, gallium kamash alloy, metal powder can be selected in gallium-base alloy
End includes nickel powder, and tin is same as nickel to issue the reaction of intercrescence gold in ball milling condition.
In some embodiments, the partial size of the metal powder is 50nm~5 μm.The partial size and ball-milling treatment of metal powder
Equally, to the alloy extent of reaction there are larger impact, the 3D printing metal material prepared in the embodiment of the present invention is most
Good effect is to avoid complete alloy reaction occurs causing 3D printing metal material premature cure in viscous liquid, therefore
The optimal case of the partial size of metal powder is 0.5 μm~1 μm.
In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the metal powder is 10%-25%.That is metal powder and low melting point gold
The quality accounting of metal powder is 10%-25% in the mixture of category.Optimal, which can all be nickel powder,
The solidification effect of the metal material is best when the quality accounting of nickel powder is 15%-20%, and it is most short to solidify the required time.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of 3D printing metal material, to solve 3D printer in the prior art
Print at high cost, high material consumption, high-temperature heating problem dangerous, poor for applicability.
In some illustrative embodiments, the 3D printing is made up with metal material of method produced above, form
For viscous liquid, ingredient includes: fusing point in 30 degrees Celsius of low-melting-point metals below, fusing point at 1000 degrees Celsius or more
Metal powder and fusing point higher than 30 degrees Celsius the low-melting-point metal and the metal powder alloy reactant.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of application method of 3D printing metal material, to solve the prior art
Middle 3D printer prints at high cost, high material consumption, high-temperature heating problem dangerous, poor for applicability.
In some illustrative embodiments, the application method of the 3D printing metal material, comprising: from freezing environment
Middle taking-up is thawed, and is placed in extrusion molding in 3D printer and is printed, the 3D printing was with metal material 0.5~8 hour at normal temperature
Complete solidification.
Main thought in order to understand the present invention faster is disclosed preferred embodiment below and is explained:
Embodiment 1:
3D printing metal material in the present embodiment, low-melting-point metal are gallium-indium alloy, alloys components mass fraction
Are as follows: Ga 78.5%, In 21.5%, metal powder are iron powder, and mass fraction is that 3D printing metal material gross mass is
17%, partial size is 0.5~1 μm.
The gallium-indium alloy and iron powder are simply mixed, ball grinder is placed in, applying argon gas to 1.1 times of ambient atmosphere pressures uses
1000 revs/min of speed carry out ball milling, are uniformly mixed within 15 minutes.
Gained 3D printing metal material is the liquid condition with certain viscosity, takes out, is immediately placed in from ball grinder
Applying argon gas is placed in -35 DEG C of freezen protectives into the container of 1.3 times of ambient atmosphere pressures.
It needs in use, the 3D printing is taken out from freezing environment with metal material, not higher than 80 degrees Celsius of environment
It is lower to restore through defrosting in 30 minutes to viscous liquid state, the 3D printing after defrosting is put into extruded type 3D printing with metal material
It in machine feeding device, is squeezed out in print substrate by print head, realizes multilayer printing.When printing, without to printable layer into
Row heating or laser sintered solidification can carry out the printing of a lower layer, which is squeezing out 60 from print head
It is i.e. curable after minute.Printable layer can also be heated at high temperature, to improve curing rate.
Embodiment 2:
The 3D printing metal material of the present embodiment, low-melting-point metal are gallium-indium alloy, alloys components mass fraction are as follows:
Ga 84%, In 16%；Metal powder is nickel powder, and the mass fraction of nickel powder is the 15%- of 3D printing metal material gross mass
20%, partial size is 10 μm.
The gallium-indium alloy and nickel powder are simply mixed, ball grinder is placed in, is evacuated to 0.6 kPa, uses 800 revs/min
Clock rate degree carries out ball milling, is uniformly mixed within 0.5 hour.
Gained 3D printing is paste body shape with room temperature self-curing metal material, is taken out from ball grinder, is immediately placed in and vacuumizes
Into 0.8 kPa of container, it is placed in -30 DEG C of freezen protectives.
It needs in use, the 3D printing is taken out from freezing environment with metal material, using Vltrasonic device or not high
Restore through defrosting in 15 minutes to viscous liquid state under 80 degrees Celsius of environment, the 3D printing after defrosting is put with metal material
Enter in extruded type 3D printer feeding device, squeezed out in print substrate by print head, realizes multilayer printing.When printing, nothing
Heating or laser sintered solidification need to be carried out to printable layer can carry out the printing of a lower layer, which exists
It is i.e. curable after print head extrusion 30 minutes.Printable layer can also be heated at high temperature, to improve curing rate.
Embodiment 3:
The 3D printing metal material of the present embodiment, low-melting-point metal are gallium-indium alloy, alloys components mass fraction are as follows:
Ga 84%, In 16%.Metal powder is nickel powder and iron powder, and the mass fraction of nickel powder is 3D printing metal material gross mass
15%, partial size is 5 μm, and the mass fraction of iron powder is the 8% of gross mass, and partial size is 10 μm.
The gallium-indium alloy and nickel powder and iron powder are simply mixed, ball grinder is placed in, is evacuated to 0.6 kPa, uses 800
Rev/min speed carries out ball milling, is uniformly mixed within 45 minutes.
Gained 3D printing is paste body shape with room temperature self-curing metal material, is taken out from ball grinder, is immediately placed in and vacuumizes
Into 0.8 kPa of container, it is placed in -35 DEG C of freezen protectives.
It needs in use, the 3D printing is taken out from freezing environment with metal material, using Vltrasonic device or not high
Restore through defrosting in 20 minutes to viscous liquid state under 80 degrees Celsius of environment, the 3D printing after defrosting is put with metal material
Enter in extruded type 3D printer feeding device, squeezed out in print substrate by print head, realizes multilayer printing.When printing, nothing
Heating or laser sintered solidification need to be carried out to printable layer can carry out the printing of a lower layer, which exists
It is i.e. curable after print head extrusion 45 minutes.Printable layer can also be heated at high temperature, to improve curing rate.
Above-mentioned 3D printing can be resistant to 200-300 celsius temperature with room temperature self-curing metal material, and viscous liquid state can
Accelerate solidification in the case where ultrasound, 60 degrees Centigrades and current DC 10A, shorten curing time, wherein 60 degrees Celsius add
It can will shorten 1 hour curing time in the case of heat and current DC 10A.
It should also be appreciated by one skilled in the art that various illustrative logical boxs, mould in conjunction with the embodiments herein description
Electronic hardware, computer software or combinations thereof may be implemented into block, circuit and algorithm steps.In order to clearly demonstrate hardware
Interchangeability between software surrounds its function to various illustrative components, frame, module, circuit and step above
It is generally described.Hardware is implemented as this function and is also implemented as software, depends on specific application and right
The design constraint that whole system is applied.Those skilled in the art can be directed to each specific application, in a manner of flexible
Realize described function, still, this realization decision should not be construed as a departure from the scope of protection of this disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing metal material characterized by comprising
Metal powder by fusing point in 30 degrees Celsius of low-melting-point metals below with fusing point at 1000 degrees Celsius or more uniformly mixes；
In mixed process, makes the part low-melting-point metal that alloy occur with the part metal powder and react, generate new conjunction
Golden reactant, wherein the fusing point of the alloy reactant is higher than 30 degrees Celsius；
After mixing, there is the gold of the low-melting-point metal, the metal powder and the alloy reactant simultaneously
Belong to mixture, as 3D printing metal material；
The metal mixture is voluntarily converted into solid-state by liquid through a period of time at room temperature；
The low-melting-point metal includes following one or any combination: gallium simple substance, gallium-base alloy.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that make the low-melting-point metal and institute in the following way
It states metal powder and alloy reaction occurs:
The low-melting-point metal and the contact surface of the metal powder is set to reach certain energy；Wherein, the energy includes: heat
Energy or thermal energy and mechanical energy.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that make the low-melting-point metal and institute in the following way
The contact position for stating metal powder reaches certain energy:
Ball-milling treatment is carried out under vacuum or ar gas environment to the mixture of the low-melting-point metal and the metal powder.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that rotational speed of ball-mill is 800-1000 in the ball-milling treatment
Rev/min；Ball-milling Time was at 10-60 minutes.
5. preparation method according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
The metal mixture obtained is placed in -30 DEG C or lower temperature in vacuum or argon atmosphere at once after ball-milling treatment
Freezen protective.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the metal powder includes following one or any group
It closes:
Nickel powder, iron powder.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the partial size of the metal powder is 50nm~5 μm.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the metal powder is 10%-
25%.
9. a kind of 3D printing metal material, which is characterized in that using such as the described in any item preparation method institutes of claim 1-8
It being made, form is viscous liquid,
Its ingredient includes:
Fusing point is high in 1000 degrees Celsius or more of metal powder and fusing point in 30 degrees Celsius of low-melting-point metals below, fusing point
In the alloy reactant of 30 degrees Celsius of the low-melting-point metals and the metal powder；
The 3D printing is voluntarily converted into solid-state by liquid through a period of time at room temperature with metal material.
10. a kind of application method of 3D printing metal material as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that will be wanted such as right
3D printing metal material described in asking 9 takes out defrosting from freezing environment, is placed in extrusion molding in 3D printer and prints, described
With metal material, completion in 0.5~8 hour solidifies at normal temperature for 3D printing.
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