CN108744896B - Nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption system for preparing acid - Google Patents
Nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption system for preparing acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN108744896B CN108744896B CN201810805275.0A CN201810805275A CN108744896B CN 108744896 B CN108744896 B CN 108744896B CN 201810805275 A CN201810805275 A CN 201810805275A CN 108744896 B CN108744896 B CN 108744896B
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/38—Nitric acid
- C01B21/40—Preparation by absorption of oxides of nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/402—Dinitrogen oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
Abstract
The invention relates to a nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption and acid production system, which comprises a flue gas conveying device, an oxygen-containing gas distribution and conveying device, a plurality of acid production tank, a plurality of absorbers and a tail gas purifier; the plurality of acid making tanks are sequentially arranged in sequence from front to back, and the upper end of each acid making tank is provided with a liquid inlet and a first air overflow port which are communicated with the inside of the acid making tank; the absorbers are in one-to-one correspondence with the acid making tanks, and the liquid outlet of each absorber is communicated with the liquid inlet of the corresponding acid making tank; the output ends of the flue gas conveying device and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the absorbers corresponding to the forefront acid making tank; the tail gas purifier is communicated with a first overflow port of the rearmost acid making tank; the first overflow ports of the front acid making tank are communicated with the air inlets of the absorbers corresponding to the adjacent acid making tanks at the rear; the acid liquor circulation outlets of the acid making tank are communicated with the corresponding liquid inlets of the absorber. The advantages are that: the flue gas treatment effect is good, energy saving and environment protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flue gas acid making technology, in particular to a nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system.
Background
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been identified as one of the major pollutants of the atmosphere in the 60 th century. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) as air pollutants are often referred to as NO and NO 2 . The influence of the compound on the environment is mainly manifested by aggravating the depletion of an ozone layer, promoting the greenhouse effect, forming photochemical smog and acid rain and causing damage to plants. The harm of nitrogen oxides to human bodies comprises the stimulation of eyes, and various diseases such as cancers, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the like are caused.
The denitration equipment adopted in the common industrial nitrogen oxide emission treatment has the advantages of large nitrogen oxide emission, wide fluctuation range of nitrogen oxide concentration, high water content in the flue gas, strong site corrosiveness and other bad working conditions. The alkali liquor absorption process commonly used in the industry at present is difficult to discharge the tail gas up to the standard, and meanwhile, the produced wastewater contains nitrite, which is a carcinogenic compound, and no economic treatment process exists at present. The absorption treatment process for the high-concentration nitrogen oxide flue gas is more vacant, so that the nitric acid leaching is seldom adopted in industry, and the actual nitric acid leaching efficiency is far higher than that of sulfuric acid and the like, thereby having application value. The process can effectively solve the problem of concentrated flue gas generated in various nitric acid leaching processes, can open various process routes suitable for nitric acid leaching, and promotes industrial technology upgrading and environmental protection production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system, which effectively overcomes the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption and acid production system comprises a flue gas conveying device, an oxygen-containing gas distribution and conveying device, a plurality of acid production tank, a plurality of absorbers and a tail gas purifier;
the plurality of acid making tanks are sequentially arranged in sequence from front to back, and the upper end of each acid making tank is provided with a liquid inlet and a first overflow port which are communicated with the inside of the acid making tank;
the absorbers are in one-to-one correspondence with the acid making tank, and the liquid outlet of each absorber is communicated with the liquid inlet of the corresponding acid making tank through a pipeline;
the output ends of the flue gas conveying device and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the absorbers corresponding to the forefront acid making tank through pipelines, the input end of the flue gas conveying device is externally connected with a nitrogen oxide flue gas source, and the input end of the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device is externally connected with an oxygen-containing gas source;
the tail gas purifier is communicated with a first overflow port of the rearmost acid making tank;
the first overflow ports of the acid making tanks positioned in front are communicated with the air inlets of the absorbers corresponding to the adjacent acid making tanks at the rear through pipelines;
the lower end of each acid making tank is provided with an acid liquor circulation outlet, the acid liquor circulation outlet of each acid making tank is communicated with the liquid inlet of the corresponding absorber through a pipeline, and a liquid pump is arranged on the pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the system has reasonable structural design, utilizes high-efficiency gas-liquid mass transfer equipment and a graded pressure-variable temperature-control absorption system, is matched with an oxygen source to fully oxidize and absorb NO in the gas-liquid mass transfer equipment, has good flue gas treatment effect, improves the resource utilization rate, and is economical, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Furthermore, the flue gas conveying device and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device are all anti-corrosion high-pressure fans.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that the conveying is stable, and the two gas distribution is facilitated.
The system further comprises a cooling system, wherein the cooling system comprises a condenser, a cooling device and a plurality of cooling pipelines which are in one-to-one correspondence with the absorbers, the output ends of the flue gas conveying device and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device are respectively communicated with the air inlet of the condenser through pipelines, and the air outlet of the condenser is communicated with the air inlet of the absorber corresponding to the forefront acid making tank through pipelines; the cooling pipelines are respectively arranged at the corresponding absorbers and are respectively communicated with the cooling devices for heat dissipation and temperature reduction of the corresponding absorbers.
The cooling system has the beneficial effects that the cooling system can effectively control the ambient temperature of the whole system during smoke absorption, and ensure the optimal absorption effect of the smoke.
Further, the cooling device is a water chilling unit, a cooling liquid circulation inlet of the water chilling unit is communicated with a liquid outlet of each cooling pipeline, and a cooling liquid circulation outlet of the water chilling unit is communicated with a liquid inlet of each cooling pipeline.
The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effects that the water cooling operation is simple, the cooling effect is stable, and the cost is low.
Further, the device comprises a buffer tank, wherein the buffer tank is communicated with a pipeline which is arranged on the air outlet of the condenser and is communicated with the air inlet of the absorber corresponding to the forefront acid making tank.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that this buffer tank's design makes flue gas and oxygen-containing gas have sufficient space and time reaction mixing to when the trouble occurs in the subsequent gas transportation of buffer tank, can play the effect of buffer gas.
The acid liquor circulating and spraying system comprises a water flow sprayer and a sprayer, wherein the sprayer is arranged at the upper part of the inside of the forefront acid making tank, a liquid outlet of the water flow sprayer is connected and communicated with the sprayer through a pipeline, a liquid inlet of the water flow sprayer is connected and communicated with the lower end of the forefront acid making tank through a pipeline, and a liquid pump is arranged on the pipeline in a communicated manner; the upper ends of the acid making tanks except the forefront acid making tank are respectively provided with a second air overflow port communicated with the inside of the acid making tank, and the second air overflow ports are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the water flow ejectors through pipelines.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned further scheme is that spraying system can make the flue gas that insufficient absorption can further circulate the absorption, improves the flue gas absorptivity.
Furthermore, the pall ring filler is filled at the position above the liquid level in each acid making tank.
The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effects that the filler can ensure that gas is uniformly dispersed, so that the smoke is fully contacted with water (acid liquor) to promote the absorption of the smoke.
Further, the lower ends of the acid making tank at the rear and the acid making tank adjacent to the front are mutually communicated through a pipeline, a pump for conveying acid liquor to the tank body at the front is arranged on the communicated pipeline, an acid discharging port is arranged at the bottom of each acid making tank, and a valve capable of opening or closing the acid discharging port is arranged at the acid discharging port.
The acid making tank has the advantages that the design is connected through the pipelines between the adjacent acid making tanks, acid liquor can be transferred from back to front according to actual conditions, the operation is flexible, the acid making efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the acid liquor in the acid making tanks is conveniently discharged and collected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. the device comprises a flue gas conveying device 2, an oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device 3, a buffer tank 4, an acid making tank 5, an absorber 6, a tail gas purifier 7, a liquid pump 8, a condenser 9, a cooling device 10, a water flow ejector 11, a sprayer 12 and a pump.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Examples: as shown in the figure, the nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption and acid production system of the embodiment comprises a flue gas conveying device 1, an oxygen-containing gas distribution and conveying device 2, a plurality of acid production tanks 4, a plurality of absorbers 5 and a tail gas purifier 6;
the plurality of acid making tanks 4 are sequentially arranged in sequence from front to back, and the upper end of each acid making tank 4 is provided with a liquid inlet and a first overflow port which are communicated with the inside of the acid making tank;
the absorbers 5 are in one-to-one correspondence with the acid making tanks 4, and the liquid outlet of each absorber 5 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the corresponding acid making tank 4 through a pipeline;
the output ends of the flue gas conveying device 1 and the oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device 2 are respectively communicated with the air inlet of the absorber 5 corresponding to the forefront acid making tank 4 through pipelines, the input end of the flue gas conveying device 1 is externally connected with a nitrogen oxide flue gas source, and the input end of the oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device 2 is externally connected with an oxygen-containing gas source;
the tail gas purifier 6 is communicated with a first overflow port of the rearmost acid making tank 4;
the first overflow ports of the acid making tank 4 positioned in front are communicated with the air inlets of the absorbers 5 corresponding to the adjacent acid making tank 4 at the rear through pipelines;
the lower end of each acid making tank 4 is provided with an acid liquor circulation outlet, the acid liquor circulation outlet of each acid making tank 4 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the corresponding absorber 5 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a liquid pump 7.
During acid production, oxygen-containing gas (such as air, oxygen, ozone and the like) with proper oxygen content is proportioned according to the concentration of the nitrogen oxide flue gas, and enters each acid production tank 4 sequentially (in a front-back sequence) through an absorber 5 to finish the step-by-step (multi-stage) acid production process, and finally tail gas is purified and discharged into the outside air through a tail gas purifier 6.
In the process of acid production, the acid liquor in each acid production tank 4 is pumped into the corresponding absorber 5 through the liquid pump 7, and the nitrogen oxide flue gas entering the absorber 5 is primarily absorbed and then mixed to form a gas-liquid mixture, and then enters the corresponding acid production tank 4 for further reaction to produce the acid liquor.
The purpose of the above distribution is to make NO and oxygen or oxygen-containing gas undergo further oxidation reaction to produce NO which is more favorable for water-soluble combination 2 。
Preferably, the flue gas conveying device 1 and the oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device 2 are anti-corrosion high-pressure fans, so that the distribution of nitrogen oxides along the nitrogen oxides and the oxygen-containing gas is promoted.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a cooling system, wherein the cooling system comprises a condenser 8, a cooling device 9 and a plurality of cooling pipelines which are in one-to-one correspondence with the absorbers 5, the output ends of the flue gas conveying device 1 and the oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device 2 are respectively communicated with the air inlet of the condenser 8 through pipelines, and the air outlet of the condenser 8 is communicated with the air inlet of the absorber 5 corresponding to the forefront acid making tank 4 through pipelines; the cooling pipelines are respectively arranged at the corresponding absorbers 5, are respectively communicated with the cooling devices 9 and are used for radiating and cooling the corresponding absorbers 5, the designed nitrogen oxide flue gas and the oxide containing substances of the cooling system are respectively condensed through the condenser 8 according to a proper proportion to reduce the heat quantity of the nitrogen oxide flue gas, then enter the absorbers 5, and the flue gas entering the absorbers 5 is cooled through the cooling devices 9 and the cooling pipelines, so that the absorption environment is controlled to be low-temperature and negative-pressure, the condenser 8 and the cooling devices 9 are arranged, the temperature of the absorption process (nitrogen oxide flue gas) is ensured not to exceed 25 ℃ (the optimal water-soluble acid-making temperature of the nitrogen oxide flue gas), and the absorption of the nitrogen oxide flue gas is promoted.
Preferably, the cooling device 9 is a water chiller, a cooling liquid circulation inlet of the water chiller is communicated with a liquid outlet of each cooling pipeline, a cooling liquid circulation outlet of the water chiller is communicated with a liquid inlet of each cooling pipeline, the cooling device 9 adopts a circulating water cooling mode to perform heat exchange on each absorber 5, the environmental temperature of flue gas absorption is reduced, the water cooling effect is stable, and the use is more convenient.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a buffer tank 3, the buffer tank 3 is connected to a pipeline where an air outlet of the condenser 8 is connected to an air inlet of the absorber 5 corresponding to the forefront acid making tank 4, the buffer tank 3 has an air inlet and an air outlet, a valve for empty gas flow is arranged at the air outlet, the output ends of the flue gas conveying device 1 and the oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device 2 are respectively connected and communicated with the air inlet of the buffer tank 3 through pipelines, the air inlet of the absorber 5 corresponding to the forefront acid making tank 4 is connected and communicated with the air outlet of the buffer tank 3 through pipelines, after the nitrogen oxide flue gas and the oxygen-containing gas with proper proportion jointly enter the buffer tank 3, the mixture is fully reacted (fully mixed and reacted in the buffer tank 3 for a sufficient time and space), and when the subsequent pipeline or equipment of the buffer tank 3 fails, the valve for closing the air outlet of the buffer tank 3 is operated, at this time, the buffer tank 3 can store a certain amount of gas to a certain extent, so that the equipment connected to the front of the buffer tank 3 can be buffered without shutdown operation, and the apparatus is very ingenious, and practical.
Preferably, the acid liquor circulating and spraying system further comprises a water flow sprayer 10 and a sprayer 11, wherein the sprayer 11 is arranged at the upper part of the inside of the forefront acid making tank 4, a liquid outlet of the water flow sprayer 10 is connected and communicated with the sprayer 11 through a pipeline, a liquid inlet of the water flow sprayer 10 is connected and communicated with the lower end of the forefront acid making tank 4 through a pipeline, and a liquid pump is arranged on the pipeline in a communication manner; the upper ends of the acid making tanks 4 except the forefront acid making tank 4 are respectively provided with a second overflow port communicated with the inside of the acid making tank 4, the second overflow ports are respectively communicated with the air inlets of the water flow ejectors 10 through pipelines, nitrogen oxide flue gas which is not fully dissolved in water in each acid making tank 4 is overflowed and then enters the water flow ejectors 10 again, and is dissolved and absorbed again with acid liquor entering the water flow ejectors 10, and then enters the forefront acid making tank 4 again through the sprayer 11 for continuous acid making, so that the aim of nitrogen oxide flue gas circulation absorption is fulfilled, and the flue gas absorption rate is improved.
Preferably, the position above the liquid level in each acid making tank 4 is filled with pall ring filler, and the filler is designed to be favorable for the uniform dispersion of gas-liquid mixture or gas in the acid making tank 4, so that the gas-liquid contact is fully ensured, the gas-liquid distribution is improved, the absorption effect is improved, and the nitrogen oxide flue gas is better dissolved in water or acid liquor, thereby improving the acid making effect of each acid making tank 4.
In some embodiments, the lower ends of the acid making tanks 4 located at the rear and the front adjacent acid making tanks 4 are mutually communicated through a pipeline, a pump 12 for conveying the acid liquor to the front tank body is arranged on the communicated pipeline, an acid discharge port is arranged at the bottom of each acid making tank 4, a valve capable of opening or closing the acid discharge port is arranged at the acid discharge port so as to facilitate the discharge of the acid liquor in the acid making tanks 4, in the acid making process, the concentration of the acid liquor in the acid making tanks 4 is gradually decreased from front to back, when the concentration of the acid liquor in the front acid making tank 4 reaches the standard, the front acid liquor is controlled to be discharged and collected through the acid discharge port, then the acid liquor in the rear acid making tank 4 is pumped into the front adjacent acid making tank 4 step by step, and water for preparing the acid liquor is replenished into the rear acid making tank 4, for example, the acid liquor with different concentrations can be prepared according to the condition of the concentration of each acid making tank 4, when the concentration of the acid liquor in the front acid making tank 4 is located in the second tank 4 is suitable for being discharged into the front adjacent tank 4, and the acid making tank 4 is sequentially pumped into the front tank 4.
The whole system is not only suitable for absorbing nitrogen oxide flue gas, but also can be used for recycling sulfur-containing flue gas and halogen gas and recycling.
The higher the concentration of the nitrogen oxide flue gas is, the better the concentration of the nitrogen oxide flue gas is, the concentration of the nitrogen oxide flue gas is in the range of 20-80%, and the nitrogen oxide flue gas contains NO and NO 2 Is mainly (accounting for more than 90 percent of total nitrogen oxides), and NO/NO 2 The ratio is not higher than 4:1 (in principle, the concentration of the nitrogen oxide flue gas cannot be lower than 20 Vol%), the highest concentration of the prepared nitric acid can reach 45% in the acid preparation process, and the tail gas of the treated nitrogen oxide after three-stage absorption can reach the emission standard, and the emission concentration of the nitrogen oxide is lower than 1000ppm.
The tail gas purifier 6 adopts a tail gas purifying tower commonly used in industry, the middle part of the tail gas purifying tower is communicated with a first overflow port of the rearmost acid making tank 4 through a pipeline, a liquid outlet is arranged at the lower part of the tail gas purifying tower, the liquid outlet is communicated with the upper part of the rearmost acid making tank 4 through a pipeline, the lower part of the rearmost acid making tank 4 is also communicated with the upper part of the tail gas purifying tower through a pipeline, a pump body is arranged on the pipeline, after tail gas enters the tail gas purifying tower, the pump body collects acid liquor in the rearmost acid making tank 4 to form spray liquid from top to bottom in the acid making tank 4, the tail gas is dissolved in the spray liquid again in the rising process, and finally flows back to the rearmost acid making tank 4 through the liquid outlet of the tail gas purifying tower, so that the recovery and purification treatment of nitrogen oxide gas in the tail gas is completed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption system for preparing acid is characterized in that: comprises a flue gas conveying device (1), an oxygen-containing gas distributing and conveying device (2), a plurality of acid making tanks (4), a plurality of absorbers (5) and a tail gas purifier (6);
the plurality of acid making tank (4) are sequentially arranged in front-back order, and the upper end of each acid making tank (4) is provided with a liquid inlet and a first air overflow port which are communicated with the inside of the acid making tank;
the absorbers (5) are in one-to-one correspondence with the acid making tanks (4), and the liquid outlet of each absorber (5) is communicated with the liquid inlet of the corresponding acid making tank (4) through a pipeline;
the output ends of the flue gas conveying device (1) and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device (2) are respectively communicated with the air inlet of the absorber (5) corresponding to the forefront acid making tank (4) through pipelines, the input end of the flue gas conveying device (1) is externally connected with a nitrogen oxide flue gas source, and the input end of the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device (2) is externally connected with an oxygen-containing gas source;
the tail gas purifier (6) is communicated with a first overflow port of the rearmost acid making tank (4);
the first overflow ports of the acid making tanks (4) positioned in front are communicated with the air inlets of the absorbers (5) corresponding to the adjacent acid making tanks (4) at the rear through pipelines;
the lower end of each acid making tank (4) is provided with an acid liquor circulation outlet, the acid liquor circulation outlet of each acid making tank (4) is communicated with the corresponding liquid inlet of the absorber (5) through a pipeline, and a liquid pump (7) is arranged on the pipeline;
each acid making tank (4) is filled with pall ring filler;
the acid liquor circulating and spraying system comprises a water flow sprayer (10) and a sprayer (11), wherein the sprayer (11) is arranged at the upper part of the inside of the forefront acid making tank (4), a liquid outlet of the water flow sprayer (10) is connected and communicated with the sprayer (11) through a pipeline, a liquid inlet of the water flow sprayer (10) is connected and communicated with the lower end of the forefront acid making tank (4) through a pipeline, and a liquid pump is arranged on the pipeline in a communication manner; the upper ends of the acid making tanks (4) except the forefront acid making tank (4) are respectively provided with a second overflow port communicated with the inside of the acid making tank, and the second overflow ports are respectively communicated with the air inlet of the water flow ejector (10) through pipelines.
2. The nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas conveying device (1) and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device (2) are both anti-corrosion high-pressure fans.
3. The nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling system comprises a condenser (8), a cooling device (9) and a plurality of cooling pipelines which are in one-to-one correspondence with the absorbers (5), wherein the output ends of the flue gas conveying device (1) and the oxygen-containing gas distribution conveying device (2) are respectively communicated with the air inlet of the condenser (8) through pipelines, and the air outlet of the condenser (8) is communicated with the air inlet of the absorber (5) corresponding to the forefront acid making tank (4) through pipelines; the cooling pipelines are respectively arranged at the corresponding absorbers (5), and are respectively communicated with the cooling devices (9) and used for radiating and cooling the corresponding absorbers (5).
4. A nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system according to claim 3, wherein: the cooling device (9) is a water chilling unit, a cooling liquid circulation inlet of the water chilling unit is communicated with a liquid outlet of each cooling pipeline, and a cooling liquid circulation outlet of the water chilling unit is communicated with a liquid inlet of each cooling pipeline.
5. A nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system according to claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a buffer tank (3), wherein the buffer tank (3) is communicated with a pipeline which is arranged on the air outlet of the condenser (8) and is communicated with the air inlet of the absorber (5) corresponding to the forefront acid making tank (4).
6. A nitrogen oxide flue gas absorption acid making system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the lower ends of the acid making tank (4) located at the rear and the acid making tank (4) adjacent to the front are mutually communicated through a pipeline, a pump (12) for conveying acid liquor to the front tank body is arranged on the communicated pipeline, an acid discharging port is arranged at the bottom of each acid making tank (4), and a valve capable of opening or closing the acid discharging port is arranged at the acid discharging port.
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| CN111266077A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-12 | 委红霞 | Fire retardant coating raw materials preparation facilities |
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