CN108741337B - Bionic textile based on fractal self-similar structure - Google Patents
Bionic textile based on fractal self-similar structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108741337B CN108741337B CN201810745538.3A CN201810745538A CN108741337B CN 108741337 B CN108741337 B CN 108741337B CN 201810745538 A CN201810745538 A CN 201810745538A CN 108741337 B CN108741337 B CN 108741337B
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- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
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- A41D31/02—Layered materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, wherein a plurality of fractal self-similar structures are arranged in the bionic textile, the fractal self-similar structures form a multi-level structure along the thickness direction of the bionic textile, and the density of the figure number in the fractal self-similar structures is gradually reduced or increased. The bionic textile has a multistage fractal self-similar structure similar to silkworm cocoons, has good one-way thermal and wet conduction performance, can effectively improve the moisture conduction efficiency of the textile and the heat preservation performance of the textile by utilizing the performance, and plays the functions of sweat removal and moisture conduction in hot days and comfortable and warm keeping in cold days.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textile material and textile structure design, in particular to a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure.
Background
The heat and moisture conduction performance of the fabric is an important factor influencing the wearing comfort of the textile. Whether the summer fabric is heat-conducting and breathable or the winter clothes are heat-insulating and warm-keeping, the type and the structural form of fibers forming the fabric and the stacking mode of the fibers in the fabric are closely related. Therefore, an important method for improving the heat and moisture conductivity of fabrics can be based on the properties and structure of the fibers, to optimize the orientation arrangement of the fibers in the fabric, and to impart a specific internal structural form.
Cocoons are known as "breathable natural fibers" and can protect silkworm pupae from heat or freeze death in extreme environments (e.g., 40 ℃ or-40 ℃), which is associated with complex and unique multi-level, multi-scale structures of cocoons. If the multi-level structure characteristic of the bionic textile is introduced into the structure design of the textile, the heat and moisture conduction mechanism of the fiber is applied to the textile by regulating the structure of the textile, and the final use performance of the bionic textile is greatly improved. And the fractal structure characteristic of the silkworm cocoon provides a good model for the design of the bionic textile.
The fiber is the most basic structural unit constituting the fabric, and the fine structure of the fiber enables the yarn and the fabric to present more complicated multi-level and multi-scale, which is also an important breakthrough for the development of bionic textiles. Gao et al, studies on the warmth retention of down fibers have shown that the retention of still air between the small down branches of down fibers can greatly improve the warmth retention properties of fiber assemblies (Journal of the Textile Institute,100(2009): 539-. He and other researches on the labyrinth type multi-cavity structure of Arctic bear hair and the warming mechanism of fiber show that the multi-cavity structure of Arctic bear hair can effectively buffer between the external extremely cold environment and skin and avoid frostbite (Thermal Science,15(2011): 911-913. Fan researches the heat conduction performance of a wool fiber complex structure, and the results show that the heat conduction efficiency of fiber is increased in geometric series by the structure that multi-scale fibrils are nested in an amorphous matrix inside the fiber (Materials Science and Technology,26(2010): 86-89).
At present, no literature data reports the research on fractal bionic design of textiles based on a multi-level structure, and the functionality, especially the heat and moisture conduction performance of the existing bionic textiles also needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, wherein the fractal self-similar structure endows the textile with good one-way thermal and moisture conduction performance, the moisture conduction efficiency of the textile can be effectively improved and the heat preservation performance of the textile can be improved by utilizing the performance, and the functions of sweat releasing and moisture conducting in hot days and comfortable and warm keeping in cold days are exerted.
The invention provides a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, wherein a plurality of fractal self-similar structures are arranged in the bionic textile, the fractal self-similar structures form a multi-level structure along the thickness direction of the bionic textile, and the density of the figure number in the fractal self-similar structures is gradually reducedOr increase。
Further, the fractal self-similar structure is a dendritic structure, a porous structure or a moso bamboo structure with fractal self-similarity. Porous structures with fractal self-similarity are composed of several similar shapes with pores including, but not limited to, rectangular, square, oval, circular, etc.
In the invention, the graphs of the same size in the fractal self-similar structure form a hierarchy, and the 'multi-level structure' means that the number of the hierarchies is at least 2.
The fractal self-similar structure of the invention is similar to the structure of a silkworm cocoon, wherein the silkworm cocoon is a mulberry silkworm cocoon, an oak silkworm cocoon or a wild silkworm cocoon.
Further, nanoparticles and/or nanofibers are arranged on the surface of the bionic textile.
Further, nanoparticles and/or nanofibers are located on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the biomimetic textile.
Further, the nano-particles and/or nano-fibers are positioned on one side (upper surface) of the bionic textile, wherein the fractal self-similar structure density is large.
In the invention, a plurality of levels of fractal self-similar structures are formed in the thickness direction of the textile, so that the number of patterns in the fractal self-similar structure at one end is more than that at the other end in the thickness direction of the textile, namely, the density of the fractal self-similar structure at one end is high, and the density of the fractal self-similar structure at the other end is low. In the present invention, the surface on the side where the density is high is referred to as the upper surface, and the side where the density is low is referred to as the lower surface. The arrangement of the nano particles and/or the nano fibers changes the appearance and the layer number of the bionic textile.
Further, the nanoparticles are silk fibroin nanoparticles.
Further, the nano-fiber is one or more of porous nano-fiber, sawtooth-shaped nano-fiber and bead-string-shaped nano-fiber.
Furthermore, a suede-like fabric layer is also arranged in the bionic textile.
Further, the imitated velvet fabric layer is positioned on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the imitated textile.
Further, the imitated velvet fabric layer is positioned on one side (upper surface) of the bionic textile with the high fractal self-similar structure density.
Furthermore, the material of the imitated velvet fabric layer is one or more of cotton, hemp, wool and silk.
When the bionic textile is used as a fabric to be contacted with skin, if the lower surface is contacted with the skin, because the figure number density of the lower surface is low, sweat on the skin can be quickly discharged from the lower surface to the upper surface, and therefore the textile can perspire and conduct moisture in hot days by utilizing the unidirectional moisture-conducting characteristic.
When the bionic textile is used as a fabric and is in contact with the skin, if the upper surface of the bionic textile is in contact with the skin, the heat in the skin can be slowly discharged out of the body due to the high figure number density of the upper surface, so that the unidirectional heat conduction characteristic of the textile can be inhibited, and the textile can keep warm in cold days.
By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:
due to the structural characteristics of the fractal self-similar structures, the number of patterns in the fractal self-similar structure at one end of the fractal self-similar structure is more than that at the other end of the fractal self-similar structure, so that the fabric has good one-way heat and moisture conduction performance, the moisture conduction efficiency of the textile is effectively improved, and the heat preservation performance of the textile is improved. The invention has important significance for meeting the requirements of people on textiles in different seasons and improving the cost performance of the textiles.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dendritic fractal self-similar structure in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous fractal self-similar structure in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure in embodiment 4 of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure in example 5 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-nanoparticles or nanofibers; 2-imitation velvet layer; 3-upper surface finishing layer; 4-lower surface modification layer.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, which is composed of a plurality of fibers with fractal self-similar structures similar to the structure of a silkworm cocoon, wherein the fractal self-similar structures have a multi-level structure in the thickness direction of the bionic textile. The specific number of the hierarchies of the multi-hierarchy structure needs to be determined by combining with the actual use condition. A schematic structural diagram of the fractal self-similar structure is shown in fig. 1, which is a dendritic hierarchical structure with fractal self-similarity, wherein the side with high pattern distribution density is the upper surface, and the side with low pattern distribution density is the lower surface. For the textile to be taken, if the lower surface is contacted with the skin, sweat can be quickly discharged out of the body, and the function is suitable for being used in hot days; on the contrary, if the upper surface contacts with the skin, the heat of the body is slowly discharged out of the body, so that the effect of keeping warm is achieved, and the function is suitable for being used in cold days. Therefore, the surface of the textile contacting with the human body is changed, and the textile can play a role in perspiration and moisture conduction in hot days or a role in comfort and warm keeping in cold days. The air permeability and the moisture permeability of the silkworm cocoons with the fractal self-similar structures are tested, and the experimental results are 214mm/s and 1301g/m respectively2It is seen to have excellent air and moisture permeability. Therefore, the bionic textile designed and woven by the fiber with the fractal self-similar structure similar to the structure of the silkworm cocoon of the invention also has excellent air permeability and moisture permeability.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, which is composed of a plurality of porous structures with fractal self-similar structures, wherein the fractal self-similar structures have a multi-level structure in the thickness direction of the bionic textile. The specific number of the hierarchies of the multi-hierarchy structure needs to be determined by combining with the actual use condition. In this embodiment, the number of layers of the multi-layer structure is 4. The structural diagram of the fractal self-similar structure is shown in fig. 2, which is a hole-shaped hierarchical structure with fractal self-similarity, and the shape of the hole is rectangular. The shape of the holes may also be varied, such as oval, circular, etc. The side with high pattern distribution density is the upper surface, and the side with low pattern distribution density is the lower surface. The textile performs the same function as the textile of example 1, except that the channels for the water vapor are not the same.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, as shown in fig. 3, on the basis of embodiment 1, a nano technology is combined, nanoparticles (preferably silk fibroin nanoparticles) or nanofibers 1 are sprayed on the upper surface of the textile, the fibers can be in different forms, such as porous nanofibers, sawtooth nanofibers and bead-like nanofibers, and the morphology and the number of layers of a hierarchical structure are changed. Meanwhile, when the scale tends to be very small, the nano effect is very significant. The bionic textile with the design structure also has the functions of the textile in the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, as shown in fig. 4. On the basis of the embodiment 1, brushing or suede-like finishing is carried out on the upper surface of the bionic textile, and a suede-like layer 2 is further formed on the upper surface so as to change the appearance and the number of layers of the bionic textile, and the bionic textile with the design structure also has the functions of the textile in the embodiment 1.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure, as shown in fig. 5. On the basis of the embodiment 1, the upper surface modification layer 3 and the lower surface modification layer 4 can be simultaneously modified on the upper surface and the lower surface of the bionic textile which is taken in cold days. The upper surface modification layer 3 and the lower surface modification layer 4 can be independently selected from nanoparticles, nanofibers or velvet-like layers, so that the appearance and the number of layers of the hierarchical structure are changed. The nano particles and the nano fibers are modified on the surface of the textile by a spraying method, and the imitated velvet layer is obtained by brushing or imitated velvet finishing. The bionic textile with the design structure also has the functions of the textile in the embodiment 1. Especially in cold weather, the design can prevent the wet and cold air from rapidly passing through the hierarchical structure of the bionic textile from the lower surface to reach the skin, so that the textile is more comfortable and warm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A bionic textile based on a fractal self-similar structure is characterized in that: the bionic textile is composed of a plurality of fractal self-similar structures, the fractal self-similar structures form a multi-level structure along the thickness direction of the bionic textile, and the density of the figure number in the fractal self-similar structures is gradually reduced or increased; the bionic textile has unidirectional moisture conduction and unidirectional thermal conductivity; the surface of the bionic textile is also provided with nano particles and/or nano fibers; the fractal self-similar structure is a dendritic structure, a porous structure or a moso bamboo structure with fractal self-similarity; the nano particles and/or nano fibers are positioned on one side of the bionic textile with high fractal self-similar structure density; the nanoparticles are silk fibroin nanoparticles.
2. The biomimetic textile based on fractal self-similar structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nano-fiber is one or more of porous nano-fiber, zigzag nano-fiber and bead-string type nano-fiber.
3. The biomimetic textile based on fractal self-similar structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a suede-like fabric layer is also arranged in the bionic textile.
4. The biomimetic textile based on the fractal self-similar structure of claim 3, characterized in that: the imitated velvet fabric layer is positioned on one side of the bionic textile with high fractal self-similar structure density.
5. The biomimetic textile based on the fractal self-similar structure of claim 3, characterized in that: the material of the suede-like fabric layer is one or more of cotton, hemp, wool and silk.
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| CN112323230A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-05 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of unidirectional moisture-conducting fabric |
| CN114703601A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-07-05 | 东华大学 | Fiber warming flocculus with fractal pore passage structure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1579577A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-16 | 罗纯慧 | Nano far infrared-ray anti-baterial shoe pad |
| CN103184647A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-03 | 浙江纺织服装科技有限公司 | Moisture permeable and warm-keeping multi-layer fractal biomimetic fabric |
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| CN101946986A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-01-19 | 陈欣荣 | Nanometer anion fabric seaman body-building working uniform with characteristics of ultra-oleophobic and ultra-hydrophilic properties, antifouling property and self-cleaning property |
| CN103844396A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-11 | 高峰 | Photocatalytic maternity dress |
| CN205856738U (en) * | 2016-07-10 | 2017-01-04 | 绍兴新亚泰纺织印花有限公司 | A kind of fabric containing false twist yarn |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1579577A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-16 | 罗纯慧 | Nano far infrared-ray anti-baterial shoe pad |
| CN103184647A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-03 | 浙江纺织服装科技有限公司 | Moisture permeable and warm-keeping multi-layer fractal biomimetic fabric |
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