CN108737512A - A kind of pollution of waterhead monitoring system based on block chain technology - Google Patents
A kind of pollution of waterhead monitoring system based on block chain technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108737512A CN108737512A CN201810405146.2A CN201810405146A CN108737512A CN 108737512 A CN108737512 A CN 108737512A CN 201810405146 A CN201810405146 A CN 201810405146A CN 108737512 A CN108737512 A CN 108737512A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0823—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using certificates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3263—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements
- H04L9/3268—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements using certificate validation, registration, distribution or revocation, e.g. certificate revocation list [CRL]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of, and the pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology monitors system, including headend, wireless sensor network and the data check center being made of multiple data check nodes；The wireless sensor network is for being monitored air pollution, it obtains pollution of waterhead concentration data and is sent to headend, wireless sensor network includes multiple sensor nodes for acquiring pollution of waterhead concentration data and the base station for being communicated with headend；The headend is forwarded to the data check center after the pollution of waterhead concentration data for receiving base station transmission；Multiple data check nodes in the data check center are responsible for that the pollution of waterhead concentration data that the headend forwards is verified and preserved；Each data check node is block chain node, and multiple data check nodes form a distributed data base.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pollution of waterhead monitoring technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pollution of waterhead prison based on block chain technology
Examining system.
Background technology
Through the method frequently with manual sampling lab analysis when being monitored in the prior art to pollution of waterhead.This side
Method can only obtain the monitor value in certain time in pollution of waterhead monitoring region, can not be monitored in real time, monitoring result is by people
For influence it is very big.
Internet of Things needs the various needs of object of monitoring, connection, interaction by various information sensing devices, in real time acquisition
Information is combined the huge network to be formed with internet.The purpose is to realize object and object, object and people, all article and net
The connection of network facilitates identification, management and control.Operation related with data all is being carried out all the time in Internet of things system,
Including links such as data acquisition, data transmission and data storages.Data are easy to be by malicious attack and non-in each link
Method distorts operation.Link is acquired in data, illegal node can pretend to be or attack legitimate node to carry out illegal sensing data
It uploads；In data transmission link, on the one hand it may cause error code since channel quality is bad, on the other hand since data are being transmitted
The data for being easy to be eventually led to by malicious modification upload in the process are illegal etc..Therefore, advance row data check is stored in data
It is essential operation.The purpose of data check be in order to prevent illegal node pretend to be with attack, prevent data and exist
Be maliciously tampered in transmission process, ensure authenticity, legitimacy and the integrality of data.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of pollution of waterhead monitoring system based on block chain technology.
The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme：
Provide a kind of pollution of waterhead monitoring system based on block chain technology, including headend, wireless sensor
Network and the data check center being made of multiple data check nodes；The wireless sensor network is used for air dirt
Dye is monitored, and is obtained pollution of waterhead concentration data and is sent to headend, wireless sensor network includes for acquiring
Multiple sensor nodes of pollution of waterhead concentration data and the base station for being communicated with headend；The headend exists
After the pollution of waterhead concentration data for receiving base station transmission, it is forwarded to the data check center；In the data check center
Multiple data check nodes be responsible for the pollution of waterhead concentration data that the headend forwards is verified and is protected
It deposits；Each data check node is block chain node, and multiple data check nodes form a distributed data base.
Further, system further includes authentication center, authentication center to the headend, the sensor node,
Base station and the data check node carry out authorization identifying.
Preferably, sensor node becomes legal sensor node after the authorization identifying by authentication center, and obtains
Unique sensor node digital certificate and symmetric key；Base station becomes legal base after the authorization identifying by authentication center
It stands, and obtains unique base station digital certificate and symmetric key；The headend is in the authorization identifying by authentication center
Afterwards, unique headend digital certificate and symmetric key are obtained；The data check node is in awarding by authentication center
Become valid data check-node after weighing certification, and obtains unique public key, private key, data check node digital certificate and symmetrical
Key；The public key, for wide to the data check center and the wireless sensor network by the headend
It broadcasts；The private key, for by artificially being shared between the data check node.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Pollution of waterhead concentration data is obtained using wireless sensor network technology, is not necessarily to cloth
Line uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and scalability is good, is suitble to the large-scale monitoring system of structure, is suitble to promote and apply；Utilize data check
Node completes data check task, and verifying work is distributed to check-node from headend, can overcome due to verification
Task is excessively concentrated and the problems such as the verification efficiency brought is low, speed is slow, propagation delay time is high, vulnerable.
Description of the drawings
Using attached drawing, the invention will be further described, but the embodiment in attached drawing does not constitute any limit to the present invention
System, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to the following drawings
Other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system structure connection block diagram of an illustrative embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the pollution of waterhead monitoring platform of an illustrative embodiment of the invention.
Reference numeral：
Headend 1, wireless sensor network 2, data check center 3, pollution of waterhead monitoring platform 4, pretreatment mould
Block 10, clustering processing module 20, database 30, analysis module 40.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of pollution of waterhead monitoring system based on block chain technology is present embodiments provided, including data turn
Send out device 1, wireless sensor network 2 and the data check center 3 being made of multiple data check nodes；The wireless sensing
Device network 2 is wireless to pass for being monitored to air pollution, obtaining pollution of waterhead concentration data and being sent to headend 1
Sensor network 2 includes multiple sensor nodes for acquiring pollution of waterhead concentration data and for being communicated with headend
Base station；The headend 1 is forwarded to after the pollution of waterhead concentration data for receiving base station transmission in the data check
The heart 3；Multiple data check nodes in the data check center 3 are responsible for the water source forwarded to the headend 1
Pollution concentration data are verified and are preserved；Each data check node is block chain node, multiple data check sections
Point one distributed data base of composition.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, system further includes that the pollution of waterhead monitoring being connect with data check center 3 is put down
Platform 4, the pollution of waterhead monitoring platform 4 for pre-processing, at cluster the pollution of waterhead concentration data after verification successively
Pollution of waterhead concentration data after clustering processing is stored in database 30 by reason, and dense based on the pollution of waterhead that database 30 stores
Degrees of data is analyzed.The pollution of waterhead monitoring platform 4 includes sequentially connected preprocessing module 10, clustering processing module 20
With database 30.In one embodiment, preprocessing module 10 is for pre-processing pollution of waterhead concentration data, specifically
For：To there are the pollution of waterhead concentration datas of 0 value or negative value to pre-process, 0 value or negative value are replaced with into preset replace
Generation value.The present embodiment can prevent 0 value in pollution of waterhead concentration data or negative value poly- to subsequent pollution of waterhead concentration data
Class processing impacts.Clustering processing module 20 clusters pretreated pollution of waterhead concentration data, and will be after cluster
Pollution of waterhead concentration data be sent to database 30 and stored.Wherein, the method for cluster uses existing clustering algorithm, such as
K-means clustering algorithms etc..Pollution of waterhead monitoring platform 4 further includes analysis module 40, and analysis module 40 is mainly used for according to number
The curve graph and/or table needed for pollution of waterhead monitoring are drawn according to the pollution of waterhead concentration data that library 30 stores.
Further, system further includes authentication center, authentication center to the headend 1, the sensor node,
Base station and the data check node carry out authorization identifying.In one embodiment, sensor node is passing through authentication center
Become legal sensor node after authorization identifying, and obtains unique sensor node digital certificate and symmetric key；Base station exists
By becoming legitimate base station after the authorization identifying of authentication center, and obtain unique base station digital certificate and symmetric key；It is described
Headend 1 obtains 1 digital certificate of unique headend and symmetrical close after the authorization identifying by authentication center
Key；The data check node becomes valid data check-node after the authorization identifying by authentication center, and obtains unique
Public key, private key, data check node digital certificate and symmetric key；The public key, for by the headend 1 to
The data check center 3 and the wireless sensor network 2 are broadcasted；The private key, for by artificially in the data school
It tests between node and shares.
The above embodiment of the present invention obtains pollution of waterhead concentration data using wireless sensor network technology, without connecting up,
It uses manpower and material resources sparingly, scalability is good, is suitble to the large-scale monitoring system of structure, is suitble to promote and apply；Utilize data check section
It puts to complete data check task, verifying work is distributed to check-node from headend 1, can overcome since verification is appointed
Business is excessively concentrated and the problems such as the verification efficiency brought is low, speed is slow, propagation delay time is high, vulnerable.
Wherein, in wireless sensor network 2, when netinit or base station rebuild Multi-path route, base station is to net
Sensor node broadcasts neighbor list in network builds message, and sensor node is held when the neighbor list received builds message
Row：(1) check that upper hop sensor node identifies whether in the neighbor list of oneself in neighbor list structure message, if not
The upper hop sensor node is then being added to neighbor list, and if it exists, then abandon neighbor list structure message；(2) it checks adjacent
It occupies whether route list in list builder message includes this sensor node, the mark of itself is added to neighbours' row if not
Table is built in the route list of message, otherwise abandons neighbor list structure message；When in network without neighbor list build message
Forwarding or more than setting time threshold when, each sensor node stores a plurality of routing of this sensor node to base station
Path.
In one embodiment, sensor node according to the preferred value of routed path descending sequence to being stored
Its a plurality of routed path to base station is ranked up, and forms the routed path list of itself, and preferential in routed path list
The routed path of selected and sorted earlier above carries out the transmission of pollution of waterhead concentration data packet, wherein is deposited by sensor node calculating
Its of storage arrives the preferred value of each routed path of base station, and the calculation formula of preferred value is：
In formula, QijIndicate j-th strip sensor node i to the preferred value of the routed path of base station, mijIt is passed for the j-th strip
The sensor node number that the routed path of sensor node i to base station is included, M are the sensor node number of deployment,For
The regulatory factor of setting,The sensor node that routed path by j-th strip sensor node i to the base station includes
Average residual energy, Eij-minIn the sensor node that routed path by j-th strip sensor node i to the base station includes
Least residue energy, EiFor the dump energy of sensor node i.
Since the dump energy of sensor node is not unalterable, setting sensor node periodically calculates itself routing
The preferred value of each routed path in path list, and accordingly adjust sequence of each routed path in routed path list.
The present embodiment innovatively proposes the concept of preferred value, is accounted for based on path length and capacity factor, if
The calculation formula for having determined preferred value, the quality to judge routed path provide a preferable measurement index, can by the formula
Know, including sensor node number it is fewer, and average residual energy and the more routed path of least energy will have compared with
Big preferred value, it means that pollution of waterhead concentration data transmission is carried out using the bigger routed path of preferred value, then transmits water
Energy expenditure will be less and more secure during the pollution concentration data of source；The sensor node of the present embodiment is according to routing road
The sequence that the preferred value of diameter is descending is ranked up its a plurality of routed path to base station stored, forms the road of itself
By path list, and the routed path of preferential selected and sorted earlier above carries out pollution of waterhead concentration data packet in routed path list
Transmission, be conducive to save pollution of waterhead concentration data transmission energy consumption, reduce pollution of waterhead monitoring system communications cost.
In one embodiment, sensor node in routed path list the routed path of preferential selected and sorted earlier above into
The transmission of row pollution of waterhead concentration data packet, specifically includes：
(1) when sensor node sends a pollution of waterhead concentration data packet, the routed path in routed path list
When number is more than the threshold value n of setting, sensor node selects preceding n routed path in its routed path list, by water source
Pollution concentration data packet splits into n data item, is numbered by 1~n to each data item, and to each data item from described
It selects a different routed path to be sent in preceding n routed path, and records the selected routing of each data item
Path；As threshold value n of the routed path number in routed path list no more than setting, sensor node route road at it
First routed path is selected to carry out pollution of waterhead concentration data transmission in diameter list；
(2) the sensor node k of next-hop is when receiving the data item of upper hop sensor node transmission, in upper hop
The mark ID of itself is found in the routed path of sensor node selectionk, it is ID that data item, which is transmitted to mark,k+1Sensor
Node, and so on, until all data item are transmitted to base station；
(3) the data item number α and corresponding data item number that base station record receives, and executed accordingly according to α values
Operation, specially：
If α=n, base station will be fed back without any information；
If+1≤α of n- μ<N, routed path one feedback notification of transmission that base station randomly chooses a data accepted item disappear
It ceases to the sensor node of originating data item, feedback notification message includes the number for the data item having received, and wherein μ is setting
Number threshold value, as long as and meeting base station and receiving no less than μ data item just and can restore original water source pollution concentration data packet
Condition；
If α<N- μ+1, base station rebuilds Multi-path route；
(4) within the time cycle of setting, the sensor node of originating data item receives the feedback notification from base station and disappears
When breath, then the routed path where the number of data item not to be covered in feedback notification message is marked, when label number
When reaching the label frequency threshold value of setting, sensor node deletes corresponding routed path from routed path list.
The present embodiment sets the routed path selection transmission mechanism of sensor node, and sensor node is on road in the mechanism
The transmission that pollution of waterhead concentration data packet is carried out by the routed path of preferential selected and sorted in path list earlier above, in a network may be used
In the case of there capable of be malicious node, the destruction that malicious node is brought in routed path can be effectively reduced；In sensor node
When sending pollution of waterhead concentration data, pollution of waterhead concentration data is split by the size adaptation of routed path number
Multiple data item, each data item are transmitted from different routed paths, can effectively reduce pollution of waterhead concentration data packet
The probability integrally intercepted by malicious node；The mechanism has also set up the feedback mechanism that aggregation node receives data, sensor node
The routed path of error is deleted according to the feedback of aggregation node, largely improves pollution of waterhead concentration data biography
Defeated reliability and safety.
In one embodiment, after network often runs a period, base station calculates the trust value X of each sensor nodei,
Work as XiLess than setting trust value threshold value when, corresponding sensor node i is determined as malicious node by base station, and to all sensings
The mark of device node broadcasts malicious node, each sensor node is by the routed path comprising the malicious node from the routing road of oneself
It is deleted in diameter list；
Wherein, the trust value X of sensor nodeiCalculation formula be：
In formula, Xi(t) indicate sensor node i in the trust value of t-th of period of the network operation, Xi(t-1) it is sensing
Trust value of the device node i in the t-1 period of the network operation, each sensor node are all equipped with initial trust value, and β is to set
Fixed trust value attenuation coefficient, NiFor the neighbor node number of sensor node i, ylIt is saved for first of neighbour of sensor node i
The routed path number for including sensor node i in the routed path that point is deleted within the previous period, YlFor sensor section
The routed path number that first of neighbor node of point i is deleted within the previous period.
The present embodiment creatively carries out periodic detection by base station to the trust value of each sensor node, wherein only sharp
Judge to sense with the original routed path information of sensor node and the information for the routed path deleted in the process of running
The trust degree of device node, has certain robustness, and without collect more about the other information of sensor node just
The judgement of malicious node can be carried out, it is simple and convenient.The sensor node of the present embodiment is by the routing of the malicious node comprising judgement
Path is deleted from the routed path list of oneself, be conducive to further increase the transmission of pollution of waterhead concentration data reliability and
Safety improves the service life of the network operation.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range is protected, although being explained in detail to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art answer
Work as understanding, technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology monitors system, characterized in that including headend, wireless sensor
Network and the data check center being made of multiple data check nodes；The wireless sensor network is used for air dirt
Dye is monitored, and is obtained pollution of waterhead concentration data and is sent to headend, wireless sensor network includes for acquiring
Multiple sensor nodes of pollution of waterhead concentration data and the base station for being communicated with headend；The headend exists
After the pollution of waterhead concentration data for receiving base station transmission, it is forwarded to the data check center；In the data check center
Multiple data check nodes be responsible for the pollution of waterhead concentration data that the headend forwards is verified and is protected
It deposits；Each data check node is block chain node, and multiple data check nodes form a distributed data base.
2. a kind of pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology according to claim 1 monitors system, characterized in that further include
Authentication center, authentication center award the headend, the sensor node, base station and the data check node
Weigh certification.
3. a kind of pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology according to claim 2 monitors system, characterized in that sensor
Node becomes legal sensor node after the authorization identifying by authentication center, and obtains unique sensor node number card
Book and symmetric key；Base station becomes legitimate base station after the authorization identifying by authentication center, and obtains unique base station number
Certificate and symmetric key；The headend obtains unique headend after the authorization identifying by authentication center
Digital certificate and symmetric key；The data check node becomes valid data after the authorization identifying by authentication center and verifies
Node, and obtain unique public key, private key, data check node digital certificate and symmetric key；The public key, for passing through
Headend is stated to broadcast to the data check center and the wireless sensor network；The private key, for by artificial
It is shared between the data check node.
4. a kind of pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology according to claim 1 monitors system, characterized in that further include
The pollution of waterhead monitoring platform being connect with data check center, the pollution of waterhead monitoring platform are used for dirty to the water source after verification
Dye concentration data pre-processed successively, clustering processing, by after clustering processing pollution of waterhead concentration data be stored in database, and
Pollution of waterhead concentration data based on database purchase is analyzed.
5. monitoring system, feature according to a kind of pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology of claim 1-4 any one of them
It is, in wireless sensor network, when netinit or base station rebuild Multi-path route, sensor of the base station into network
Node broadcasts neighbor list builds message, and sensor node is executed when the neighbor list received builds message：(1) neighbours are checked
Upper hop sensor node identifies whether in the neighbor list of oneself in list builder message, if not existing, adds on this
One jump set sensor node is to neighbor list, and if it exists, then abandons neighbor list structure message；(2) check that neighbor list structure disappears
Whether route list includes this sensor node in breath, and the mark of itself, which is added to neighbor list, if not builds message
In route list, neighbor list structure message is otherwise abandoned；When in network without neighbor list structure message forwarding or more than setting
When fixed time threshold, each sensor node stores this sensor node to a plurality of routed path of base station.
6. a kind of pollution of waterhead based on block chain technology according to claim 5 monitors system, characterized in that sensor
Node arranges its a plurality of routed path to base station stored according to the descending sequence of the preferred value of routed path
Sequence forms the routed path list of itself, and the routed path of preferential selected and sorted earlier above carries out water in routed path list
The transmission of source pollution concentration data packet, wherein calculated by sensor node stored its to base station each routed path
The calculation formula of preferred value, preferred value is：
In formula, QijFor the preferred value of the routed path of j-th strip sensor node i to base station, mijFor the j-th strip sensor node
The sensor node number that the routed path of i to base station is included, M are the sensor node number of deployment,For the adjusting of setting
The factor,The average residual energy for the sensor node that routed path by j-th strip sensor node i to the base station includes
Amount, Eij-minLeast residue in the sensor node that routed path by j-th strip sensor node i to the base station includes
Energy, EiFor the dump energy of sensor node i.
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| CN111157682A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-15 | 上海应用技术大学 | Air quality monitoring and predicting system and method |
| CN111693670A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-22 | 中国电信集团工会上海市委员会 | Non-fixed-point water quality detection device and water quality detection system |
| CN113037492A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-25 | 精英数智科技股份有限公司 | Sensor data processing method and device |
| CN114339653A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-04-12 | 杭州格物智安科技有限公司 | Block chain system based on wireless sensor network and data recording method |
| CN114339653B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-24 | 杭州格物智安科技有限公司 | Block chain system based on wireless sensor network and data recording method |
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