CN108736948A - A kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method - Google Patents
A kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/068—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using space frequency diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0678—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using different spreading codes between antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0891—Space-time diversity
Abstract
A kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method is claimed in the present invention, belongs to high-speed radiocommunication technical field, including step：In transmitting terminal, including：Information bit is generated through serioparallel exchange into following four part, respectively modulating part GMod, antenna index part GAnt, PN code index parts GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part GSub；The step of index modulation and symbol-modulated, wherein index modulation include antenna index modulation, spreading code index modulation and sub-carrier indices modulation；The step of modulation symbol spread spectrum transmission；In receiving terminal, signal detection and demodulation are carried out, the detection and demodulation of the subcarrier of activation, the antenna of activation, the spreading code of activation and modulation symbol are included.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-speed radiocommunication technical field, the technology that is related to include multiple-input and multiple-output spatial modulation,
Code index modulation, sub-carrier indices modulation and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Communication.
Background technology
In recent years, the demand with people to high data transfer rates and band efficiency is higher and higher, wireless communication
Technology is also in swift and violent development.What the message transmission rate of high speed and reliable transmission quality had become Development of Wireless Communications must
Want premise, limited frequency spectrum resource that cannot meet the needs of user's rapid growth, exactly in this context, spread spectrum is adjusted
The modulation techniques such as system, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, extensive multiple-input and multiple-output are suggested.And extensive research is obtained, at present
These technologies have all tended to be ripe in theoretical and Practical Project, and are widely used in the wireless communications such as 4G and IEEE802.11
In standard.However, as people are to message transmission rate and spectrum efficiency increasingly higher demands, some existing technologies are no longer
It disclosure satisfy that the demand of people, add some shortcomings of the existing technology.Such as system capacity exorbitant expenditure, realization complexity
It spends big etc..It would therefore be highly desirable to propose it is a kind of can realize spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency balance, while meeting the communication of green communications again
Technology.Then, index modulation technology is born like this.
Index modulation (Index Modulation, IM) technology is a kind of novel transmission technology of rising in recent years, main
To include spatial domain index modulation technology, frequency domain index modulation technology and code index modulation technology.It corresponds to spatial modulation respectively
(Spatial Modulation, SM) technology, based on index modulation OFDM (OFDM with Index Modulation,
OFDM-IM) technology and code index modulation (Code Index Modulation, CIM) technology.This three types of technology is to grind in recent years
The hot spot studied carefully.Wherein space-modulation technique and the OFDM technology based on index modulation have had a large amount of achievement in research, code index
Modulation technique just put forward in 2015, at present only several papers.The visible text of correlative theses of index modulation technology
It offers[1][2]。
2008, the scholars such as external Mesleh were put forward for the first time the basic conception of SM technologies[3], the proposition of SM technologies is rope
Draw an important breakthrough of modulation technique, it is keeping multiaerial system transmission effect as a kind of novel multiple antenna transmission technique
While rate and performance, moreover it is possible to be substantially reduced complexity and hardware spending, be that one of the following MIMO technology progress is main
Direction.Compared with traditional MIMO technology, space-modulation technique can effectively avoid interchannel interference and multi-antenna transmission same
The problem of step.Exactly these advantages of spatial modulation, recent years, SM technologies have obtained the extensive research of domestic and foreign scholars, and
It has obtained fully developing, a series of multiple antennas modulation techniques are suggested.Wherein, keying (Space Shift are moved with sky especially
Keying, SSK), broad sense sky move keying modulation (Generalized Space Shift Keying, GSSK) and orthogonal intersection space
It is representative to modulate (Quadrature Spatial Modulation, QSM).In document[4][5]It is middle propose respectively SSK with
GSSK.The all not traditional width of both multiple antennas modulation schemes is mutually modulated, and is entirely to transmit information using duplexer state,
And the difference of the two is, each time slots of SSK only activate an antenna, and letter is transmitted by way of single antenna index mapping
Breath；More antennas of each gap activations of GSSK, transmit information by way of the antenna indices combinations of activation.Document[6]It is proposed one
Kind QSM, extends the mapped constellation figure of SM, has maximally utilized the same phase region and orthogonal domain of modulation symbol.Each transmission time slot,
The in-phase component and quadrature component of modulation symbol select different antennas to emit respectively.Currently, being based on extensive MIMO in foreign countries
Index modulation technology expanded relevant research in the 5th third-generation mobile communication technology, mainly in extensive MIMO
The multi-user Cooperation of base station is studied in system, and has been achieved with certain progress[7].At home, University of Electronic Science and Technology
The papers written by postgraduates that Li Shaoqian professors group earliest studies multiple antennas space-modulation technique, while instructing[8][9], right
The feasibility of SM communications and the optimization of demodulating algorithm are studied.In addition to this there is the Maritime Affairs University Of Dalian[10], Xi'an electricity
Sub- University of Science and Technology[11]Equal colleges and universities have also carried out correlative study.
It 2009, is influenced by the fast development of SM technologies, external R.Abu-alhiga and H.Haas professors are by space tune
The antenna index thought of technology processed applies in OFDM subcarriers, and proposes a kind of sub-carrier indices tune based on keying mode
It makes (Subcarrier-index Modulation)[12].Sub-carrier indices are modulated at frequency domain and introduce index modulation and subcarrier
The concept of block is modulation unit with a block of sub-carriers, corresponds to mapping table according to index information bit and only activate wherein
Portion of carriers and transmission data, basic principle can be regarded as space-modulation technique frequency domain variant.OFDM-IM systems
System is that with traditional different place of ofdm system：OFDM-IM systems more index modulations in modulated process are exactly
According to index bit, specific sub-carrier activation and transmission data are selected by specific mapping table, and remaining index is adjusted
Bit processed can make up the problem of loss of spectral efficiency caused by the silent subcarriers of part.Receiving terminal is detected with a subcarrier
Block is the unit of detection, demodulation, while recovering index information bit and constellation symbol bit.Currently, there are many researchers
It is mapped angularly from keying mode, sub-carrier interleaving mode, maximization Euclidean distance and enhanced index, it is proposed that many is not
Same modulation scheme[13][14][15][16].Document[17]From theoretical and two angles of emulation, the property that compared SIM and OFDM is analysed in depth
Can, and analyze the advantage in terms of SIM frequency diversities.
2015, professor G.Kaddoum is equal to propose code index modulation (Code Index based on spread spectrum technic
Modulation,CIM)[18], the original intention that code index modulation technology proposes is in order to avoid in multiple antennas space-modulation technique, no
The antenna mapping combination of disconnected variation and the complicated channel estimation problems brought.The basic thought of code index modulation technology derives from
Spatial modulation, the basis that it is realized is Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum modulation technique[19-21], code index modulation is respectively set one in sending and receiving end
Root transmitting antenna and a reception antenna, using mutually orthogonal spreading code map information bit in such a way that QAM modulation is combined
Information is transmitted, compared to traditional direct sequence spread spectrum skill, code index modulation technology not only remains Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
The performance advantage inherently having is communicated, and in the case of more low-energy-consumption, further improves the rate of information throughput.
The appearance of CIM makes the evolution of spread spectrum communication theory, and has stepped a historic step.Be currently known CIM research at
Fruit is seldom, and only Xiamen University Wang Lin teaches research group at home, expands the research modulated to CIM, the document delivered[22]
In, differential Chaos Shift Keying modulation is introduced into CIM, it is proposed that a kind of code index modulation of chaos mode.
Two-dimensional index modulation is a kind of modulation technique for combining two kinds of one-dimensional index modulations, 2016
Basar proposes broad sense null tone index modulation[23], broad sense null tone index modulation is by generalized space modulation and sub-carrier indices tune
System is joined together, and all establishing index in spatial domain and frequency domain constitutes joint index modulated structure.2-d index can be found at present
The research team of modulation is simultaneously few, and 2-d index modulation is advantageous in that, Teleportation is increased by two kinds of indexed modes
Information bit, thus more there is advantage in terms of energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency；It is disadvantageous in that, receiving terminal demodulation
Complexity is big, while being difficult to obtain channel state information by precoding technique.The research of 2-d index modulation technique at present is
Just start, involved fundamental modulation scheme, demodulating algorithm and performance evaluation etc. need further to be furtherd investigate.
Current one-dimensional index modulation technology is all to bring in funds source usage amount with raising cord to exchange spectrum efficiency for, as CIM is
Spectrum efficiency is exchanged for by increasing pseudo noise code (Pseudo Random, PN) mapping table dimension, and SM is emitted by increasing
End antenna number exchanges spectrum efficiency for, this to make system in a manner of exchanging spectrum efficiency for increase index resource usage amount
The complexity that a large amount of physical resources and receiving terminal detection algorithm need to be consumed is big.In addition, SM and SIM anti-interference abilities are poor, compare
Under, direct sequence spread spectrum skill has good performance in terms of anti-interference ability, but this spread spectrum mode has one disadvantage in that
It is exactly that band efficiency is relatively low, shows as in given bandwidth, transmission rate is relatively low.Therefore CIM is by introducing PN codes index
Mode while holding Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum good anti-interference ability, and increases the transmission rate of spread spectrum system.If wanted
The transmission rate of further lifting system, then CIM modulating systems will use a large amount of PN codes so that receiving terminal needs a large amount of
Correlator realizes the coherent detection of the PN codes used to transmitting terminal.Due to also seldom to two-dimensional index modulation at present, temporarily also
The three-dimensional index modulation research for not combining antenna index, code index and sub-carrier indices.The main object of the present invention
It is, proposes a kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communication system, it is intended to further increases the letter of index mapping transmission
Cease bit number.Compared with the CIM of same frequency spectrum efficiency, the PN code numbers that this three-dimensional index modulation proposed uses are less,
Reduce the use number of receiving terminal correlator, the realization being more convenient in engineering.Compared with the SM of same frequency spectrum efficiency, this
The antenna number that the three-dimensional index modulation of proposition is used in transmitting terminal is less；And system activates always in entire transmission process
Two antennas, compared with the modulation of the sub-carrier indices of same frequency spectrum efficiency, the subcarrier number of activation is less, thus reduces
The complexity of modulation /demodulation.
Invention content
Present invention seek to address that the above problem of the prior art.It proposes and a kind of modulates that the PN codes number that uses is less, sends out
Penetrate that the antenna number that uses of end is less, reduces space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation side wireless communication of the complexity of modulation /demodulation
Method.Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method comprising following steps：In transmitting terminal, including：Production
It gives birth to information bit and serioparallel exchange is at following four part, respectively modulating part GMod, antenna index part GAnt, PN code indexes portion
Divide GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part GSub；
The step of index modulation and symbol-modulated, wherein index modulation include antenna index modulation, spreading code index modulation
It is modulated with sub-carrier indices；Antenna index modulation is according to antenna index block GAntAntenna to be activated, spreading code index is selected to adjust
System is according to PN code index blocks GCodeSpreading code to be activated is selected, sub-carrier indices modulation is according to sub-carrier indices block GSub
It is according to modulator block G to select subcarrier to be activated, symbol-modulatedModIt is modulated into symbol；
The step of modulation symbol spread spectrum transmission：Be first by the in-phase component of modulation symbol and quadrature component select respectively by
PN code index blocks GCodeThe PN codes of activation, be then respectively multiplied with the PN codes of activation spread spectrum, and spread spectrum is switched by antenna again later
To transmitting antenna, signal is launched after OFDM is modulated.
In receiving terminal, carry out signal detection and demodulation, including the subcarrier of activation, the antenna of activation, activation spreading code
With the detection and demodulation of modulation symbol.
Further, the generation information bit and serioparallel exchange are at following four part, respectively modulating part GMod, day
Line index part GAnt, PN code index parts GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part GSub, specifically include：
(1) assume that this system transmitter antenna radical is Nt, receiver antenna radical is Nr, PN code character dimensions are Nc, sub- load
The number of wave is Ns, the order of modulation of baseband modulation is M, is denoted as system configuration (Nt,Nr,Nc, Ns,M)；
(2) assume that the length of transmitting terminal information bit q is in any one transmission gapThrough string
And it is divided into four parts, respectively antenna index part G after convertingAnt, PN code index parts GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part
GSub, modulating part GMod, corresponding length is followed successively by 2log2Nt、2log2Nc、 2log2Ns, m, wherein m meet 2m=M.
Further, the antenna index part GAntIt is further divided into cophased antenna index blockWith orthogonal antenna index blockLength is log2Nt；PN code index parts GCodeIt is further divided into same phase PN code index blocksWith orthogonal PN codes index blockLength is log2Nc；Sub-carrier indices part GSubIt is further divided into same phase sub-carrier indices blockWith orthogonal sub-carriers rope
Draw blockLength is log2Ns。
Further, the index modulation and symbol-modulated, wherein index modulation include antenna index modulation, spreading code rope
Draw modulation and sub-carrier indices modulation, specifically includes：
(1) during symbol-modulated, modulating part GModAfter baseband modulation, it is modulated into modulation symbol x, with phase point
Amount is xRe, quadrature component xIm, then modulation symbol x be represented by x=xRe+jxIm；
(2) during antenna index, cophased antenna index block isOrthogonal antenna index block isRespectively by looking into
Antenna index table is looked for, the antenna Tx to be used is selectedReWith antenna TxIm；
(3) in spreading code index modulation, it is with phase PN code index blocksOrthogonal PN codes index block isLead to respectively
Cross lookup PN code concordance lists, the PN codes w that selection spread spectrum needsmWith PN codes wn；
(4) in sub-carrier indices modulation, it is with phase block of sub-carriersOrthogonal sub-carriers block isRespectively by searching for
Sub-carrier indices table selects the subcarrier Bx to be usedReWith subcarrier BxIm；
Further, the modulation symbol spread spectrum transmission process specifically includes：
(1) the in-phase component x of modulation symbol xRePass through same phase PN code index blocks firstThe PN codes w of selectionmSpread spectrum,
Then it is modulated again by cosine carrier；Same quadrature component xImPass through orthogonal PN codes index blockThe PN codes w of selectionnSpread spectrum,
Then it is modulated again by sinusoidal carrier；
(2) the in-phase branch signal after carrier modulation and quadrature branch signal are respectively by power amplifier, then
It is sent to respective antenna switch module, there are one MIMO-OFDM modulation devices, each modulator N before each antennasIt is a
Subcarrier, in-phase branch signal first pass through cophased antenna index blockThe antenna Tx of selectionReAfter the modulators modulate of front
Launch again, quadrature branch signal is also to first pass through orthogonal antenna index blockThe antenna Tx of selectionImThe modulator of front
Launch again after modulation.
Further, the receiving terminal carries out signal detection and demodulation, including the subcarrier of activation, activation antenna, swash
The detection and demodulation of spreading code and modulation symbol living, specifically include：
(1) signal reaches receiving terminal after carrier auxiliary, first by MIMO-OFDM demodulators, detects in-phase component
The subcarrier usedThe subcarrier used with quadrature componentThen by reversely searching sub-carrier indices mapping table solution
Map out the corresponding information bit in same phase sub-carrier indices partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal sub-carriers index part
Then the antenna of each gap activation is detected by estimation procedureWithThe PN codes of activationWithWith
And the in-phase component of modulation symbolWith quadrature component
(2) in-phase component of modulation symbol will be detectedWith quadrature componentSynthesize modulation symbolThen demodulated, recover the corresponding information bit of modulating part
(3) the activation antenna that will be detectedWithBy reversely searching antenna index table, demapping goes out transmitting terminal
The corresponding information bit of cophased antenna index partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal antenna index part
(4) by the activation PN codes detectedWithBy reversely searching PN code concordance lists, it is same that demapping goes out transmitting terminal
The corresponding information bit of phase PN code index partsInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal PN codes index part
(5) finally willWithSeven partial information bit blocks,
Source information bit is recovered by parallel-serial conversion
It advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that：
The present invention proposes a kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation scheme, main idea is that：By space tune
Antenna index, the spreading code of code index modulation index and the sub-carrier indices of sub-carrier indices modulation of system are combined, and are then adopted
So that antenna index, spreading code index and sub-carrier indices are reused with orthogonal mapping mode, increases index mapping
The information bit of transmission.Main feature is following two points：(1) three kinds of index resources are used to participate in index, by day clue
Draw, spreading code index and sub-carrier indices are combined into three-dimensional indexed mode, the multiple antenna communication of this three-dimensional index mapping
Using the frequency domain variant of direct sequence spread spectrum skill and sub-carrier indices modulation based on code index modulation；(2) in each transmission
The subcarrier number of time slot, the spreading code number of activation, the antenna radical of activation and activation is two.Transmitting terminal is by base band tune
The in-phase component and quadrature component of symbol processed are dismantled, and in-phase component and quadrature component use orthogonal mapping mode, independent to carry out rope
Draw mapping, chooses spreading code, the antenna of activation and the subcarrier of activation of present component spread spectrum activation respectively.Receiving terminal is first
By MIMO-OFDM demodulators, phase branch and the selected subcarrier of orthogonal branches are demodulated, then in the side by estimation
Formula detection information, detection information are also to be carried out respectively according to the phase branch and orthogonal branches of signal.What is detected first is to be used for
The spreading code of band spectrum modulation symbol in-phase component and the antenna for sending modulation symbol in-phase component；Then detection is used for band spectrum modulation
The spreading code of symbol quadrature component and the antenna for sending symbol quadrature component, finally by the in-phase component of modulation symbol and orthogonal point
Amount synthesis, can demodulate modulation symbol information bit.Restore original information bits eventually by the mode of serioparallel exchange.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the transmitter block diagram that the present invention provides preferred embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the receiver block diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, detailed
Carefully describe.Described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention solve above-mentioned technical problem technical solution be：
The wireless communication system of this invention uses more antennas in sending and receiving end, direct sequence is used in signal emission process
Row spread spectrum and sub-carrier indices modulation technique.Transmitting terminal is divided into four parts, respectively carry out baseband modulation, antenna index,
Spreading code indexes and sub-carrier indices；Similarly, four parts are also classified into the detection process of receiving terminal, are detection activation respectively
Subcarrier, the antenna of activation, the spreading code of activation and modulation symbol.
Steps are as follows for concrete implementation of the present invention：
Step 1：Information bit and serioparallel exchange are generated, sees Fig. 1.
(1) assume that this system transmitter antenna radical is Nt, receiver antenna radical is Nr, PN code character dimensions are Nc, sub- load
The number of wave is Ns, the order of modulation of baseband modulation is M, is denoted as system configuration (Nt,Nr,Nc, Ns,M)。
(2) assume that the length of transmitting terminal information bit q is in any one transmission gapThrough string
And it is divided into four parts, respectively antenna index part G after convertingAnt, PN code index parts GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part
GSub, modulating part GMod, corresponding length is followed successively by 2log2Nt、2log2Nc、 2log2Ns, m, wherein m meet 2m=M.
(3) while antenna index part GAntIt is further divided into cophased antenna index blockWith orthogonal antenna index blockIt is long
Degree is log2Nt；PN code index parts GCodeIt is further divided into same phase PN code index blocksWith orthogonal PN codes index blockIt is long
Degree is log2Nc；Sub-carrier indices part GSubIt is further divided into same phase sub-carrier indices blockWith orthogonal sub-carriers index blockLength is log2Ns。
Above- mentioned information bit q partitioning schemes can be indicated by formula (1-8)：
Wherein,
biIndicate the i-th bit bit in information bit q.
Step 2：Index modulation and symbol-modulated, wherein index modulation include antenna index modulation, spreading code index modulation
It is modulated with sub-carrier indices.
(1) during symbol-modulated, modulating part GModAfter baseband modulation, it is modulated into modulation symbol x, with phase point
Amount is xRe, quadrature component xIm.Then modulation symbol x is represented by x=xRe+jxIm。
(2) during antenna index, cophased antenna index block isOrthogonal antenna index block isRespectively by looking into
Antenna index table is looked for, the antenna Tx to be used is selectedReWith antenna TxIm。
(3) in spreading code index modulation, it is with phase PN code index blocksOrthogonal PN codes index block isLead to respectively
Cross lookup PN code concordance lists, the PN codes w that selection spread spectrum needsmWith PN codes wn。
(4) in sub-carrier indices modulation, it is with phase block of sub-carriersOrthogonal sub-carriers block isRespectively by searching for
Sub-carrier indices table selects the subcarrier Bx to be usedReWith subcarrier BxIm。
Step 3：Modulation symbol spread spectrum transmission process.
(1) the in-phase component x of modulation symbol xRePass through same phase PN code index blocks firstThe PN codes w of selectionmSpread spectrum,
Then it is modulated again by cosine carrier；Same quadrature component xImPass through orthogonal PN codes index blockThe PN codes w of selectionnSpread spectrum,
Then it is modulated again by sinusoidal carrier.
(2) the in-phase branch signal after carrier modulation and quadrature branch signal are respectively by power amplifier, then
It is sent to respective antenna switch module.There are one MIMO-OFDM modulation devices, each modulator N before each antennasIt is a
Subcarrier.In-phase branch signal first passes through cophased antenna index blockThe antenna Tx of selectionReAfter the modulators modulate of front
Launch again, quadrature branch signal is also to first pass through orthogonal antenna index blockThe antenna Tx of selectionImThe modulator of front
Launch again after modulation.
Step 4：Receiving end signal detects and demodulation.
(1) signal reaches receiving terminal after carrier auxiliary, first by MIMO-OFDM demodulators, detects in-phase component
The subcarrier usedThe subcarrier used with quadrature componentThen by reversely searching sub-carrier indices mapping table solution
Map out the corresponding information bit in same phase sub-carrier indices partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal sub-carriers index part
(2) and then by estimation procedure the antenna of each gap activation is detectedWithThe PN codes of activationWithAnd the in-phase component of modulation symbolWith quadrature component
(3) in-phase component of modulation symbol will be detectedWith quadrature componentSynthesize modulation symbolThen demodulated, recover the corresponding information bit of modulating part
(4) the activation antenna that will be detectedWithBy reversely searching antenna index table, demapping goes out transmitting terminal
The corresponding information bit of cophased antenna index partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal antenna index part
(5) by the activation PN codes detectedWithBy reversely searching PN code concordance lists, demapping goes out transmitting terminal
The corresponding information bit with phase PN code index partsInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal PN codes index part
(6) finally willWithSeven partial information bit blocks,
Source information bit is recovered by parallel-serial conversion
Transmitting terminal information bit mapping process of the present invention is taken an example for illustration below, it is assumed that the system configuration that we use
For：Nt=4, Nr=4, Nc=4, Ns=4, M=4.That is (4,4,4,4,4).Therefore in transmitting terminal each transmission time slot transmission
Information bit q should beA bit.Assuming that the message bit stream q=that a transmission time slot is sent
[01101101100111], it can be obtained by formula (1-8), the information bit that each mapping block includes is followed successively by： GMod=[11].
By searching for table 1, table 2 and table 3 it is found thatIt is mapped as antenna Tx-2,It is mapped as antenna Tx-3,It is mapped as PN codes
w4,It is mapped as PN codes w2,It is mapped as subcarrier Bx-3,It is mapped as subcarrier Bx-2.GModBy QAM modulation
Afterwards, it is modulated into modulation symbol：X=1+j, wherein the real part x of modulation symbolRe=1, imaginary part xIm=1.
After indexing mapping process completion, the in-phase component x of transmitting terminal modulation symbol xRe=1 first by by same phase PN
Code index blockThe PN codes w of selection4Spread spectrum, it is then carrier-modulated after through overpower amplifier, in each transmitting antenna
There is N in front there are one MIMO-OFDM modulation device in each modulatorsA subcarrier, but only activate by same phase block of sub-carriersThe subcarrier Bx-3 of selection, most afterwards after MIMO-OFDM modulators modulates by cophased antenna mapping blockThe day of selection
Line Tx-2 launches signal, and the process of quadrature component processing is just the same.
It should be noted that byThe antenna of activation may be same root antenna.Assuming thatMapping
When information bit is 01 in block, antenna index table is searched it is found that the antenna of transmitting terminal activation is Tx-2, therefore at Tx-2 days
Send the in-phase component and quadrature component of modulation symbol on line simultaneously, wherein quadrature component and in-phase component byThe PN codes of selection are spread.Therefore byWithThe PN codes of selection are also likely to be the same PN codes, equally
Reason, byWithThe subcarrier of selection is it could also be possible that the same subcarrier.
Following table 1-table 3 is respectively：
Table 1 is antenna index table
Table 2 is PN code concordance lists
Table 3 is sub-carrier indices table
Space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method of this invention enriches current index modulation technology reason
By from one-dimensional index modulation constantly to two dimension, Three-dimensional Development.This invention uses three kinds of spatial domain, code domain and frequency domain indexes
Mapping mode, combine spatial modulation, sub-carrier indices modulation and code index modulation in spread spectrum advantage, be both utilized more
Antenna channel link circuit resource, further through spread spectrum, this wireless communication system invented has anti-interference and ability of anti-multipath,
At the same time, the wireless communication system of this invention is by the way of orthogonal mapping so that three kinds of index resources are repeated
It utilizes, reduces the consumption of cost.In each transmission time slot, number of antennas, spreading code number and the subcarrier number of activation begin
It is two eventually, compared with existing peacekeeping 2-d index is modulated, the present invention has following advantage：
(1) promotion of system spectral efficiency.The present invention is compared to the two-dimensional index modulation of a peacekeeping, the spectrum efficiency of system
Meeting higher, reason are just the increase in index dimension so that each transmission time slot transmits more information bits, therefore frequency spectrum is imitated
Rate is one of advantage.
(2) consumption of index resource can be less.Assuming that our system configurations for using of the present invention for：Nt=4, Nr=4, Nc
=4, Ns=4, M=4, i.e. (4,4,4,4,4).So spectrum efficiency is 14bits/s/Hz, it is assumed that one-dimensional spatial modulation is also wanted
Reach identical spectrum efficiency, in the case where order of modulation is also 4, then needs 4096 transmitting antennas.It can be seen that higher
The index modulation of dimension can more save index resource.
(3) present invention is using orthogonal mapping mode so that antenna index resource, code index resource and sub-carrier resources
It is obtained for secondary use, and then increases the index mapped bits of Teleportation, therefore is also more had in terms of energy efficiency
It is advantageous.
(4) present invention utilizes the spread spectrums in CIM, maintain the good performance of spread spectrum communication, have certain resist
Interference performance and ability of anti-multipath.
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The above embodiment is interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.?
After the content for having read the record of the present invention, technical staff can make various changes or modifications the present invention, these equivalent changes
Change and modification equally falls into the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of space-frequency-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：In transmitting terminal,
Including：Information bit is generated through serioparallel exchange into following four part, respectively modulating part GMod, antenna index part GAnt、PN
Code index part GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part GSub；
The step of index modulation and symbol-modulated, wherein index modulation include antenna index modulation, spreading code index modulation and son
Carrier index is modulated；Antenna index modulation is according to antenna index block GAntSelecting antenna to be activated, spreading code index modulation is
According to PN code index blocks GCodeSpreading code to be activated is selected, sub-carrier indices modulation is according to sub-carrier indices block GSubSelection
Subcarrier to be activated, symbol-modulated are according to modulator block GModIt is modulated into symbol；
The step of modulation symbol spread spectrum transmission：It is to select the in-phase component of modulation symbol and quadrature component by PN codes respectively first
Index block GCodeThe PN codes of activation, be then respectively multiplied with the PN codes of activation spread spectrum, and spread spectrum switches to hair by antenna again later
It penetrates at antenna, launches signal after OFDM is modulated；
In receiving terminal, signal detection and demodulation, including the subcarrier of activation, the antenna of activation, the spreading code of activation and tune are carried out
The detection and demodulation of symbol processed.
2. a kind of space-frequency according to claim 1-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method, which is characterized in that described
It generates information bit and serioparallel exchange is at following four part, respectively modulating part GMod, antenna index part GAnt, PN codes index
Part GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part GSub, specifically include：
(1) assume that this system transmitter antenna radical is Nt, receiver antenna radical is Nr, PN code character dimensions are Nc, subcarrier
Number is Ns, the order of modulation of baseband modulation is M, is denoted as system configuration (Nt,Nr,Nc,Ns,M)；
(2) assume that the length of transmitting terminal information bit q is in any one transmission gapThrough going here and there and turning
It is divided into four parts, respectively antenna index part G after changingAnt, PN code index parts GCodeWith sub-carrier indices part GSub, adjust
Part G processedMod, corresponding length is followed successively by 2log2Nt、2log2Nc、2log2Ns, m, wherein m meet 2m=M.
3. a kind of space-frequency according to claim 2-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method, which is characterized in that described
Antenna index part GAntIt is further divided into cophased antenna index blockWith orthogonal antenna index blockLength is log2Nt；PN codes
Index part GCodeIt is further divided into same phase PN code index blocksWith orthogonal PN codes index blockLength is log2Nc；Subcarrier
Index part GSubIt is further divided into same phase sub-carrier indices blockWith orthogonal sub-carriers index blockLength is log2Ns。
4. a kind of space-frequency according to claim 3-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method, which is characterized in that described
Index modulation and symbol-modulated, wherein index modulation include antenna index modulation, spreading code index modulation and sub-carrier indices tune
System, specifically includes：
(1) during symbol-modulated, modulating part GModAfter baseband modulation, it is modulated into modulation symbol x, in-phase component is
xRe, quadrature component xIm, then modulation symbol x be represented by x=xRe+jxIm；
(2) during antenna index, cophased antenna index block isOrthogonal antenna index block isRespectively by searching for day
Line concordance list selects the antenna Tx to be usedReWith antenna TxIm；
(3) in spreading code index modulation, it is with phase PN code index blocksOrthogonal PN codes index block isRespectively by looking into
Look for PN code concordance lists, the PN codes w that selection spread spectrum needsmWith PN codes wn；
(4) in sub-carrier indices modulation, it is with phase block of sub-carriersOrthogonal sub-carriers block isRespectively by searching for sub- load
Wave concordance list selects the subcarrier Bx to be usedReWith subcarrier BxIm。
5. a kind of space-frequency according to claim 4-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method, which is characterized in that described
Modulation symbol spread spectrum transmission process specifically includes：
(1) the in-phase component x of modulation symbol xRePass through same phase PN code index blocks firstThe PN codes w of selectionmSpread spectrum, then again
It is modulated by cosine carrier；Same quadrature component xImPass through orthogonal PN codes index blockThe PN codes w of selectionnSpread spectrum, then again
It is modulated by sinusoidal carrier；
(2) the in-phase branch signal after carrier modulation and quadrature branch signal are sent to respectively by power amplifier
Respective antenna switch module, there are one MIMO-OFDM modulation devices, each modulator N before each antennasHeight carries
Wave, in-phase branch signal first pass through cophased antenna index blockThe antenna Tx of selectionReThe modulators modulate of front is sent out again later
It is shot out, quadrature branch signal is also to first pass through orthogonal antenna index blockThe antenna Tx of selectionImThe modulators modulate of front
Launch again later.
6. a kind of space-frequency according to claim 5-code three-dimensional index modulation wireless communications method, which is characterized in that described
Receiving terminal carries out signal detection and demodulation, including the subcarrier of activation, the antenna of activation, the spreading code of activation and modulation symbol
Detection and demodulation, specifically include：
(1) signal reaches receiving terminal after carrier auxiliary, first by MIMO-OFDM demodulators, detects that in-phase component uses
SubcarrierThe subcarrier used with quadrature componentThen by reversely searching sub-carrier indices mapping table demapping
Go out the corresponding information bit in same phase sub-carrier indices partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal sub-carriers index part
(2) and then by estimation procedure the antenna of each gap activation is detectedWithThe PN codes of activationWithAnd
The in-phase component of modulation symbolWith quadrature component
(3) in-phase component of modulation symbol will be detectedWith quadrature componentSynthesize modulation symbolSo
It is demodulated afterwards, recover the corresponding information bit of modulating part
(4) the activation antenna that will be detectedWithBy reversely searching antenna index table, demapping goes out the same phase of transmitting terminal
The corresponding information bit in antenna index partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal antenna index part
(5) by the activation PN codes detectedWithBy reversely searching PN code concordance lists, demapping goes out transmitting terminal with phase PN
The corresponding information bit of code index partInformation bit corresponding with orthogonal PN codes index part
(6) finally willWithSeven partial information bit blocks, by simultaneously
String conversion recovers source information bit
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