CN108736154B - A kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna - Google Patents
A kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108736154B CN108736154B CN201810385633.7A CN201810385633A CN108736154B CN 108736154 B CN108736154 B CN 108736154B CN 201810385633 A CN201810385633 A CN 201810385633A CN 108736154 B CN108736154 B CN 108736154B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antennas, for improving the anti-interference ability of antenna, including N number of antenna element, N >=3, the antenna element includes dielectric material plate, and it is printed on the radiation patch of one side of dielectric material plate and the radiation floor of another side, wherein the shape of radiation patch is any diagonal upper square with corner cut, is connect with radiation floor by coaxial line；N number of antenna element is arranged in open column shape structure, and each antenna element is printed with the side of radiation patch and is located at the outside of open column shape structure, conformal array is formed, the pumping signal amplitude of each antenna element is equal, and adjacent antenna units have continuous phase delayWherein l represents the pattern count for carrying orbital angular momentum, satisfaction-N/2 < l < N/2.The present invention can generate the vortex electromagnetic wave with circular polarisation and orbital angular momentum double grading of multiple modalities, effectively increase the anti-interference ability of antenna.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field more particularly to a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antennas, can be used for channel radio
Believe technical field.
Background technique
According to classical electrodynamics theory, electromagnetic radiation, which can not only carry energy, can also carry angular momentum, description polarization
The spin angular momentaum SAM of the state and orbital angular momentum OAM of description helical phase structure, has collectively constituted angular momentum, has carried rail
The electromagnetic wave of road angular momentum is known as vortex electromagnetic wave.OAM multiplexing is a kind of share spectrum resources technology of public mode of frequency, In
In same carrier, different orbital angular momentum and transmission information are modulated, spectrum utilization efficiency is greatly improved, can solve channel radio
The problem of letter field frequency spectrum resource shortage.
Since the environment of antenna applications is complicated, traditional linear polarized antenna is unable to satisfy the requirement of communication sometimes, therewith phase
Than circular polarized antenna can receive the line polarization wave of arbitrary polarisation direction, while the signal that it emits can also be by arbitrarily polarizing
The linear polarized antenna in direction receives, and has rotation direction orthogonality.Electromagnetic wave is further studied on the basis of OAM multiplexing technology
Circular polarization characteristics, can effectively improve system rejection to disturbance ability, can preferably solve due to it is different transmitting and receiving antenna angle
Different bring energy losses are spent, increase frequency spectrum resource utilization rate to greatest extent.
Currently, the progress in conjunction with orbital angular momentum in the related art, the generation of orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave
It is spiral parabola antenna and array antenna respectively, the former is by adjusting paraboloid opening two with there are mainly two types of radiation patterns
The spacing at end generates the orbital angular momentum radio beam of arbitrary patterns；The latter is generated by the phase difference of control array element radiation field
Desired orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave.However, orbital angular momentum spiral parabola antenna cost is high, production is difficult, uncomfortable
It is controlled for continuous phase；General dipole antenna array radius is up to several meters to tens meters in array antenna, is carrying out array
Pray wanting minimum error could generate expected mode value when arrangement, application place condition requires more harshness, in practical communication
Application value is not high in system, and micro-strip antenna array is due to its planar structure, and it is low to cut open object plane, small size, and the side of feed
Formula is simple, facilitates control input phase, using significant in orbital angular momentum antenna.
The key for realizing circularly polarised wave is to generate that both direction is orthogonal, amplitude is equal, 90 ° of phase phase difference of line polarization wave.
Which kind of mode to depend entirely on the shape and excitation model of patch in microstrip antenna there are, on the diagonal the pros of single-point feedback
Shape patch, square cutting on the cross butt chock, surrounding cut apertured direction patch and two mutually orthogonal dipoles
Circular polarization radiation wave beam is generated, however to how using circular polarization radiation patch as the radiation patch of orbital angular momentum antenna, it produces
Raw circular polarisation vortex electromagnetic wave of good performance lacks corresponding research.
Traditional orbital angular momentum antenna, the circle ring array being made of multiple radiation patch, by being pasted to each radiation
The equal pumping signal of piece input range, and adjacent radiation patch has continuous phase delayTo produce
Carry the vortex electromagnetic wave of orbital angular momentum.Such as application publication number is CN 107134659A, it is entitled " to be based on multilayer dielectricity
The patent application of the high-gain orbital angular momentum array of plate " discloses a kind of high-gain track angular motion based on multilayer acoustical panel
Array is measured, is provided with above dielectric material plate by the P radiation patch along the one-dimensional arrangement of Z axis, p is the positive integer greater than 2, and
Spacing between each radiation patch is equal, and bay is connected by feed metal column with the input port on metal floor.
The invention realizes the switching between the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave of multiple modalities by controlling input phase, but due to
The structure of radiation patch is simple, is only able to achieve the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave of linear polarization, and anti-interference ability is low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum is proposed
Antenna improves the anti-interference ability of antenna for generating the vortex electromagnetic wave with circular polarisation and orbital angular momentum double grading.
A kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna, including N number of antenna element 1, N >=3, the antenna element 1 include medium
Plate of material 12, and it is printed on the radiation patch 11 of 12 1 sides of dielectric material plate and the radiation floor 14 of another side,
The shape of the radiation patch 11 is any diagonal upper square with corner cut, is connected with radiation floor 14 by coaxial line 13
It connects；N number of antenna element 1 is arranged in open column shape structure, and each antenna element 1 is printed with the side of radiation patch 11 and is located at
The outside of open column shape structure forms conformal array, and the pumping signal amplitude of each antenna element 1 is equal, and adjacent antenna units 1 have
There is continuous phase delayWherein l represents the pattern count for carrying orbital angular momentum, satisfaction-N/2 < l < N/
2。
A kind of above-mentioned circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna, the dielectric material plate 12 are provided with using center is deviateed
The geometric center of the square plate of 13 via hole of coaxial line, the dielectric material plate 12 is coaxial with the geometric center of radiation patch 11.
A kind of above-mentioned circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna, the radiation patch 11, the corner cut cut are isosceles right angle three
Angular, the center of the radiation patch 11 is etched with U-shaped gap 111, and the opening in the U-shaped gap 111 is towards dielectric material
Set via hole side on plate 12.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the present invention is using the open column shape structure being arranged in by mutiple antennas unit, and each antenna element is printed with radiation
The side of patch is located at the outside of open column shape structure, forms conformal array, wherein radiation patch use square structure, and
Corner cut is arranged in any diagonal position, and by equal to each antenna element input range, and adjacent antenna units have continuous phase
Position delayPumping signal, produce circular polarisation with superperformance and orbital angular momentum double grading
Vortex electromagnetic wave, improves frequency spectrum resource utilization rate and power system capacity to greatest extent, effectively increases the anti-interference energy of antenna
Power.
2. the present invention is by adding U-shaped gap in the center of radiation patch, and the U-shaped gap opening is towards medium material
Set via hole side increases multiple resonance points, effectively to change the conducting path of radiation patch surface current on flitch
The impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of antenna are widened.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram figure of antenna element of the invention；
Fig. 3 is radiation patch structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the S11 simulation result diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is that the axis of the embodiment of the present invention 1 compares simulation result diagram；
Fig. 6 is the antenna pattern of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 7 is the electric field phase distribution map of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, present invention is further described in detail:
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna proposed by the present invention, including eight antenna elements 1, the antenna
Unit 1 includes dielectric material plate 12, and is printed on radiation patch 11 and another side of 12 1 sides of dielectric material plate
Radiation floor 14, wherein radiation patch 11 and radiation floor 14 are connected by coaxial line 13.The sky that the antenna element 1 is arranged in
Heart column structure, and each antenna element 1 is printed with the side of radiation patch 11 and is located at the outside of open column shape structure, is formed conformal
Array, the structure can effectively inhibit the mutual coupling between unit, keep the characteristic of antenna element 1, promote antenna performance.
With reference to Fig. 2, the geometric center of radiation patch 11 is coaxial with the geometric center of dielectric material plate 12, and dielectric material plate
12 are provided with the square plates of 13 via hole of coaxial line using centers are deviateed, select dielectric constant for 10.2 dielectric material
Plate, overall dimensions are 80mm × 80mm × 9mm, and radiation floor 14 and the same size of dielectric material plate 12, coaxial line 13 deviate away from
From for 20mm, radius 0.5mm.According to microstrip antenna formula it is found that the resonance frequency f of microstrip antenna0With εr-1/2It is directly proportional,
Therefore the frequency fixed for one, the size of antenna can be effectively reduced using the dielectric substrate of high dielectric constant.
With reference to Fig. 3, radiation patch 11 is square structure, and its side length is 60mm, in order to motivate two cross polarizations, width
Equal and 90 ° of phase phase difference electromagnetic waves are spent, cut two isosceles right angles respectively in the upper left corner of radiation patch 11 and the lower right corner
Triangle, and right side of the triangle side length is 7.2mm, and by the position of adjusting coaxial line 13, generates circle of good performance
Polarized radiation wave beam.U-shaped gap 111 is added in radiation patch 11, the long side e=11mm in the U-shaped gap 111, short side c=
6.5mm, width w1=1mm are open towards via hole side set on dielectric material plate, which can change
The conducting path of electric current increases multiple resonance points, has effectively widened the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of antenna.
The necessary condition for carrying the vortex electromagnetic wave of orbital angular momentum is generated, is needed to each 1 input range phase of antenna element
Deng pumping signal, and adjacent antenna units 1 have continuous phase delayTo in normal electromagnetic wave
One phase rotation coefficient of middle additionWherein l represents the pattern count for carrying orbital angular momentum, satisfaction-N/2 < l <
The quantity of N/2, N representative antennas unit 1, the number of antenna element 1 determine the maximum value that can generate orbital angular momentum mode.
Number N=8 of antenna element 1 of the invention, and pattern count l=1, according to the vortex for generating carrying orbital angular momentum
The necessary condition of electromagnetic wave, it can be deduced that the phase delay of adjacent cellsAssuming that there is first antenna element
1 initial phase φ=0, then it is 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, 180 °, 225 °, 270 °, 315 ° that each unit, which sequentially inputs phase,
Pumping signal, and amplitude is equal, due to the radiation patch 11 with corner cut and using the form of conformal array, effectively avoids
Coupling between unit keeps the circular polarization characteristics of antenna element 1, can produce the circular polarisation that orbital angular momentum pattern count is 1
Vortex electromagnetic wave, due to phase rotation coefficientPresence, electromagnetic wave at this time is no longer planar structure, but around
A kind of electric field phase distribution of spiral, and the divergence characterization of vortex electromagnetic wave itself, orbital angular momentum is presented in direction of propagation rotation
The electromagnetic wave of pattern count l=1 is no longer the antenna pattern of omnidirectional, but there is certain hollow phenomenon.
The structure of structure with embodiment 1 of antenna is identical in embodiment 2, and following parameter makes an adjustment:
The number of antenna element 1 is N=4, and pattern count is set as l=1/2, according to the vortex for generating carrying orbital angular momentum
The necessary condition of electromagnetic wave, it can be deduced that the phase delay of adjacent cells isAssuming that there is first antenna list
Initial phase φ=0 of member 1, then each unit sequentially input phase be 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° of pumping signal, and amplitude phase
Deng the circular polarisation vortex electromagnetic wave that generation orbital angular momentum pattern count is 2.
Effect of the invention is described further in combination with simulation result:
1, emulation content
1.1 carry out simulation calculation using S11 parameter of the business simulation software HFSS_13.0 to above-described embodiment 1, as a result such as
Shown in Fig. 4.
1.2 carry out simulation calculation than parameter using axis of the business simulation software HFSS_13.0 to above-described embodiment 1, as a result
As shown in Figure 5.
1.3 carry out simulation calculation, knot using antenna pattern of the business simulation software HFSS_13.0 to above-described embodiment 1
Fruit is as shown in Figure 6.
1.4 carry out simulation calculation to the electric field phase distribution of above-described embodiment 1 using business simulation software HFSS_13.0,
As a result as shown in Figure 7.
2, simulation result
Referring to Fig. 4, using S11 < -10dB as standard, the impedance bandwidth of antenna is 1.46GHz~1.65GHz in embodiment 1,
Relative bandwidth is 12%.
It is standard with axis ratio AR < 3 referring to Fig. 5, the axial ratio bandwidth of antenna is 1.46GHz~1.65GHz, In in embodiment 1
Meet circular polarisation requirement in impedance bandwidth.
Referring to Fig. 6, the greatest irradiation direction of antenna is always perpendicular to radiating element surface in embodiment 1, and has certain
Hollow phenomenon, maximum gain 3.1dB.
Referring to Fig. 7, the electric field phase of antenna is spirally distributed in embodiment 1.
The above simulation result explanation, inventive antenna has ideal impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth, and meets track angle
The requirement of momentum antenna.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna, which is characterized in that including N number of antenna element (1), N >=3, the antenna list
First (1) includes dielectric material plate (12), and is printed on the radiation patch (11) of (12) sides of dielectric material plate and another
The radiation floor (14) of a side, the shape of the radiation patch (11) they are any diagonal upper square with corner cut, with
Radiation floor (14) is connected by coaxial line (13)；N number of antenna element (1) is arranged in open column shape structure, and each antenna
The side that unit (1) is printed with radiation patch (11) is located at the outside of open column shape structure, forms conformal array, each antenna element
(1) pumping signal amplitude is equal, and adjacent antenna units (1) have continuous phase delayWherein l is represented
Carry the pattern count of orbital angular momentum, satisfaction-N/2 < l < N/2.
2. a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dielectric material plate
(12), the square plate for being provided with coaxial line (13) via hole using center is deviateed, the geometry of the dielectric material plate (12)
Center is coaxial with the geometric center of radiation patch (11).
3. a kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the radiation patch
(11), the corner cut cut is isosceles right triangle, and the center of the radiation patch (11) is etched with U-shaped gap (111),
And the opening of the U-shaped gap (111) is towards via hole side set on dielectric material plate (12).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810385633.7A CN108736154B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | A kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna |
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| CN201810385633.7A CN108736154B (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | A kind of circular polarisation orbital angular momentum antenna |
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| CN108736154B true CN108736154B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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| CN110212313B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2024-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Electrically adjustable orbital angular momentum wave mode reconfigurable antenna |
| CN110444903B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Low-sidelobe vortex beam generation method based on multi-ring array |
| CN111613874B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-11-04 | 南京理工大学 | Three-mode OAM antenna based on triangular half module |
| CN112909579A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 伊犁师范大学 | Multi-mode orbital angular momentum antenna |
| CN116632526B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-10-31 | 上海英内物联网科技股份有限公司 | Circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna with miniaturized ground plane |
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| CN103022731A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-04-03 | 北京中欧美经济技术发展中心 | Multi-frequency circularly polarized stacked micro-strip antenna |
| JP2015231108A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-21 | 富士通株式会社 | Antenna device and antenna direction adjusting method |
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