CN108736051B - Preparation method of electrolyte thin film barrier layer of medium-temperature SOFC - Google Patents
Preparation method of electrolyte thin film barrier layer of medium-temperature SOFC Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/126—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing cerium oxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0094—Composites in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of a medium-temperature SOFC, which comprises the following steps: s1: taking anode powder NiO and starch, mixing and grinding in an agate mortar to prepare a pore-forming agent, and flattening and smoothing the surface of the pore-forming agent; s2: adding zirconia powder into a mould, and pressing into anode green sheets with the thickness of 1.2-1.5 mm; s3: then pre-sintering the pressed anode green compact for 5-7 h; s4: preparing GDC powder by an EDTA-citric acid combustion synthesis method, adding a proper amount of dispersant and acetone into the GDC powder, and ball-milling for more than 3 hours; s5: adding organic adhesive, ball milling for 12 hr to obtain milky colloidal viscous liquid, and volatilizing acetone until no smell; s6: starting a spin coater for coating; s7: and transferring the support body coated with the film to a high-temperature furnace for sintering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cell manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of an electrolyte film barrier layer of a medium-temperature SOFC.
Background
The solid Oxide Fuel cell sofc (solid Oxide Fuel cell) has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency (50-60% of primary power generation efficiency), low cost and good long-term stability, particularly can directly use various carbon-containing fuels, such as natural gas (CH4) represented by fossil Fuel, coal gas (underground gasification coal gas, coke oven gas, coal bed gas and the like) and other gas fuels, can be further widened to renewable biomass fuels such as methane, biomass gas and the like, has wide sources, and is easily compatible with the existing energy resource supply system. Therefore, solid oxide fuel cells are a very promising new energy technology for achieving high-efficiency power generation based on existing energy supply systems.
The key to the realization of SOFC industrialization is to reduce the cost of the cell, and an effective method for reducing the cost is to reduce the working temperature of the cell. The selection of electrolyte and electrode materials of the SOFC is very critical, on one hand, the electrochemical properties of the materials determine the performance of the cell, and on the other hand, the microstructure and atomic arrangement of the interface between the electrolyte and the electrode strongly influence the electrochemical properties of the interface, and further influence the performance of the cell. Because the high-temperature treatment and operation in the SOFC assembly process are in a high-temperature environment for a long time, the traditional SOFC cathodes LSM, LSMC, LSC, LSCF and the like can chemically react with the electrolyte YSZ on an interface to generate lanthanum zirconate La2Zr2O7 and strontium zirconate SrZrO 3. The ionic conductivity of La2ZrO7 and SrZr03 is lower than that of YSZ by several orders of magnitude, so that the overall performance of the SOFC is seriously influenced, and the interface reaction is also the main reason of performance attenuation in the operation process of the SOFC, so that the research on the interface reaction has important significance. Because YSZ is a relatively fixed electrolyte material, the problem can be solved by the following three ways on the premise of ensuring the ideal output performance of the battery:
(1) the method for optimizing cathode materials, such as doping LSM, can play a certain role in inhibiting interface reaction; (2) developing a novel electrolyte material that achieves higher conductivity than conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes; (3) and a layer of GDC barrier layer material is added between the cathode and the electrolyte YSZ to prepare the YSZ/GDC film electrolyte, so that interface reaction is avoided. The three aspects are the hot spots and the key points of the low temperature research in the SOFC at present.
In a conventional YSZ electrolyte supported SOFC, YSZ is used as a support for the entire cell, and an anode and a cathode are prepared on both sides thereof, respectively, to constitute a single cell. If the thickness of the electrolyte is reduced to prepare a YSZ thin film electrolyte, the thin film has limited mechanical strength and cannot be used as a support for the entire battery, thus requiring the anode or cathode as a support. At present, the anode is used as a support body, and the preparation of a compact electrolyte film is a key link in the whole anode-supported SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) production. If the electrolyte thin film leaks, the open-circuit voltage of the battery can be reduced, and the output performance of the battery is seriously influenced, so that the development of a high-cost performance electrolyte thin film preparation method is always the direction of effort of SOFC research workers and is also the hot spot of the current research.
Because the conductivity of the electrolyte has an exponential relationship with the thickness of the electrolyte, and the conductivity of the electrolyte decreases along with the exponential relationship with the increase of the thickness of the electrolyte, the electrical property of the electrolyte is greatly influenced, the thickness of the electrolyte is generally 10-30 mu m, and the preparation process of the barrier layer must ensure that the thickness of the thin film is very low. In addition to the requirement for electrolyte thickness, the most important requirement for the electrolyte is the gas tightness of the electrolyte, which is a thin layer between the anode and the cathode and is the only thin layer separating the oxidation and reduction reactions of the cell, and if the gases on both sides of the electrolyte cross each other, the degradation and destruction of the cell will be caused quickly.
Therefore, the prior art is in need of improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of a medium-temperature SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell), which adopts a slurry spin coating method, so that the prepared electrolyte thin film has the advantages of thin thickness and high density, and can realize industrial production.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of a medium-temperature SOFC comprises the following steps:
s1: taking anode powder NiO and starch, mixing and grinding in an agate mortar to prepare a pore-forming agent, taking the pore-forming agent in a stainless steel mold, paving the powder, and applying pressure to make the surface of the powder smooth;
s2: adding zirconia powder into a mould, paving the zirconia powder, and pressing into anode green sheets with the thickness of 1.2-1.5mm under the pressure of 350 MPa;
s3: then pre-sintering the pressed anode green sheet for 5-7h to serve as a support body for spin-coating the GDC electrolyte film;
s4: preparing GDC powder by an EDTA-citric acid combustion synthesis method, adding a proper amount of dispersant and acetone into the GDC powder, and ball-milling for more than 3 hours to reduce the particle size of the powder, open the agglomeration in the GDC powder and improve the uniformity of the GDC powder;
s5: the GDC powder to organic binder was mixed at 1: 2, weighing and adding an organic adhesive in a mass ratio, carrying out ball milling for 12 hours to obtain milky colloidal viscous liquid, taking out the viscous liquid, preserving the viscous liquid at a constant temperature, and volatilizing acetone until acetone is odorless;
s6: placing a pre-sintered anode support sheet on a rotary table of a spin coater, dropwise adding viscous liquid to the center of the support sheet, starting the spin coater to coat after a vacuum pump is started to operate for 30s, annealing at 500 ℃ after a first layer of film is coated, keeping the temperature for 30min, then coating the next layer, and repeating spin coating for 3-4 layers to ensure the thickness of the film;
s7: and transferring the support body coated with the film into a high-temperature furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering step comprises the steps of controlling the heating rate to be 3 ℃/min, preserving heat at 300 ℃ for 10min, preserving heat at 800 ℃ for 10min, preserving heat at 1350 ℃ for 5h, and then cooling to room temperature at the rate of 3 ℃/min.
The preparation method of the electrolyte thin film barrier layer of the intermediate-temperature SOFC comprises the following steps of S3: the heating rate is controlled to be 3 ℃/min; keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 10 min; keeping the temperature at 800 ℃ for 10 min; keeping the temperature at 1350 ℃ for 5 h; then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 3 deg.C/min.
The preparation method of the electrolyte thin film barrier layer of the intermediate-temperature SOFC comprises the step S5, wherein the organic binder contains terpineol of 6% ethyl cellulose.
The preparation method of the electrolyte thin film barrier layer of the intermediate-temperature SOFC comprises the following steps of S6, wherein the set operation parameters of the spin coater are as follows: the slow speed v1 is 800r/min, and t1 is 10 s; fast v2 ═ 3500r/min, t2 ═ 30 s.
The preparation method of the electrolyte thin film barrier layer of the intermediate-temperature SOFC comprises the following steps of (1) pre-sintering in the step S6: the heating rate is 3 ℃/min; keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 10 min; keeping the temperature at 500 ℃ for 30 min; then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 3 deg.C/min.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a preparation method of an electrolyte film barrier layer of a medium-temperature SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell), which is used for successfully preparing the GDC barrier layer electrolyte film with better compactness under the conditions that the pre-sintering temperature of an anode support body is 1350 ℃, the content of GDC in spin-coating slurry is 50 percent, and the number of spin-coating layers of electrolyte is 4.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a battery obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph of I-V and I-P curves of the battery prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a battery obtained in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a graph of I-V and I-P curves of the battery prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
S1: taking a certain amount of anode powder NiO, adding a proper amount of starch as a pore forming agent, mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 1h, taking a proper amount of mixed powder, placing the mixed powder in a stainless steel mold with the diameter of 15mm, paving the powder, and applying proper pressure to make the surface of the powder smooth;
s2: continuously adding a proper amount of YSZ powder into the die, paving the YSZ powder through adjusting bolts, and pressing into anode green sheets with the thickness of 1.2mm under the pressure of 350 MPa;
s3: then pre-sintering the pressed anode green sheet for 5 hours to obtain an anode support body;
s4: mixing a proper amount of GDC powder and KD1, adding a proper amount of acetone solvent, and ball-milling for 3 hours to reduce powder agglomeration and improve powder uniformity;
s5: adding a proper amount of organic adhesive (terpineol containing 6% of ethyl cellulose) into the ball-milled GDC, and carrying out ball milling for 12h to obtain GDC slurry;
s6: spin-coating the slurry on an electrolyte YSZ of an anode support, and setting parameters as follows: the slow speed v1 is 800r/min, and t1 is 10 s; fast v2 ═ 3500r/min, t2 ═ 30 s. Then annealing at 500 ℃ and preserving heat for 30 min;
s7: repeating spin coating for 3 times, and finally annealing for 5h at 1350 ℃ in a high-temperature furnace;
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional SEM of the prepared anode-supported single cell, and it can be seen that the structure of the GDC barrier layer after 2 times of spin coating is compact and flat, and the thickness is about 5 μm; FIG. 2 is an I-V, I-P curve for a single cell, with an open circuit voltage of 1.08V at 800 ℃ and a peak power density of 550 Wcm-2.
Example 2
S1: taking a certain amount of anode powder NiO, adding a proper amount of starch as a pore forming agent, mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 1h, taking a proper amount of mixed powder, placing the mixed powder in a stainless steel mold with the diameter of 15mm, paving the powder, and applying proper pressure to make the surface of the powder smooth;
s2: continuously adding a proper amount of YSZ powder into the die, paving the YSZ powder through adjusting bolts, and pressing into anode green sheets with the thickness of 1.2mm under the pressure of 350 MPa;
s3: then pre-sintering the pressed anode green sheet for 5 hours to obtain an anode support body;
s4: mixing a proper amount of GDC powder and KD1, adding a proper amount of acetone solvent, and ball-milling for 3 hours to reduce powder agglomeration and improve powder uniformity;
s5: adding a proper amount of organic adhesive (terpineol containing 6% of ethyl cellulose) into the ball-milled GDC, and carrying out ball milling for 12h to obtain GDC slurry;
s6: spin-coating the slurry on an electrolyte YSZ of an anode support, and setting parameters as follows: the slow speed v1 is 800r/min, and t1 is 10 s; fast v2 ═ 3500r/min, t2 ═ 30 s. Then annealing at 500 ℃ and preserving heat for 30 min;
s7: repeating spin coating for 4 times, and finally annealing for 5h at 1350 ℃ in a high-temperature furnace;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional SEM of the anode-supported single cell, from which it can be seen that the structure of the GDC barrier layer after 4 spin-coating is dense and flat, and the thickness is about 5 μm; FIG. 4 is an I-V, I-P curve for a single cell with an open circuit voltage of 1.06V at 800 ℃ and a peak power density of 620 Wcm-2.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of a medium-temperature SOFC is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: taking anode powder NiO and starch, mixing and grinding in an agate mortar to prepare a pore-forming agent, taking the pore-forming agent in a stainless steel mold, paving the powder, and applying pressure to make the surface of the powder smooth;
s2: adding YSZ powder into a mould, paving the YSZ powder, and pressing into anode green sheets with the thickness of 1.2-1.5mm under the pressure of 350 MPa;
s3: then pre-sintering the pressed anode green sheet for 5-7h to serve as a support body for spin-coating the GDC electrolyte film; the pre-sintering mode is as follows: the heating rate is controlled to be 3 ℃/min; keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 10 min; keeping the temperature at 800 ℃ for 10 min; keeping the temperature at 1350 ℃ for 5 h; then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 3 ℃/min;
s4: preparing GDC powder by an EDTA-citric acid combustion synthesis method, adding a proper amount of dispersant and acetone into the GDC powder, and ball-milling for more than 3 hours to reduce the particle size of the powder, open the agglomeration in the GDC powder and improve the uniformity of the GDC powder;
s5: the GDC powder to organic binder was mixed at 1: 2, weighing and adding an organic adhesive in a mass ratio, carrying out ball milling for 12 hours to obtain milky colloidal viscous liquid, taking out the viscous liquid, preserving the viscous liquid at a constant temperature, and volatilizing acetone until acetone is odorless;
s6: placing the pre-sintered anode support sheet on a rotary table of a spin coater, dropwise adding viscous liquid to the center of the support sheet, starting the spin coater to coat after a vacuum pump is started to operate for 30s, annealing at 500 ℃ after a first layer of film is coated, keeping the temperature for 30min, then coating the next layer, and repeating spin coating for 4 layers to ensure the thickness of the film;
s7: transferring the support body coated with the film into a high-temperature furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering step is as follows: the heating rate is controlled to be 3 ℃/min, the temperature is kept at 300 ℃ for 10min, the temperature is kept at 800 ℃ for 10min, the temperature is kept at 1350 ℃ for 5h, and then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the rate of 3 ℃/min.
2. The method for preparing an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of an intermediate-temperature SOFC according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic binder in step S5 contains terpineol of 6% ethyl cellulose.
3. The method for preparing an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of an intermediate temperature SOFC according to claim 1, wherein the set operating parameters of the spin coater in step S6 are as follows: the slow speed v1 is 800r/min, and t1 is 10 s; fast v2 ═ 3500r/min, t2 ═ 30 s.
4. The method for preparing an electrolyte thin film barrier layer of an intermediate-temperature SOFC according to claim 1, wherein the pre-sintering in step S6 is: the heating rate is 3 ℃/min; keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 10 min; keeping the temperature at 500 ℃ for 30 min; then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 3 deg.C/min.
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| CN111933980B (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2021-10-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for preparing solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN113540489B (en) * | 2021-05-15 | 2022-09-09 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Barrier layer slurry, preparation method, barrier layer preparation method and battery monomer |
| CN113929498B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-04-07 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Coating for preparing barrier layer, preparation method of barrier layer and barrier layer |
| CN114725454A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-08 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | SOFC (solid oxide Fuel cell) and preparation method thereof |
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