CN108731625B - Method for detecting appearance of each coating of paint composite coating - Google Patents
Method for detecting appearance of each coating of paint composite coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108731625B CN108731625B CN201810542592.8A CN201810542592A CN108731625B CN 108731625 B CN108731625 B CN 108731625B CN 201810542592 A CN201810542592 A CN 201810542592A CN 108731625 B CN108731625 B CN 108731625B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the appearance of each coating of a paint composite coating, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: pasting film thickness strips on a plurality of cleaned substrates, taking one substrate to measure the roughness and the film thickness, and marking as a first bottom plate; the second step is that: taking the substrate except the first bottom plate in the step one, spraying a middle coating, taking a dried substrate as a first middle coating plate, and measuring related data; the third step: spraying a finish paint on the intermediate coating plates except the first intermediate coating plate in the step two, then flashing, drying a test plate, marking as a first finish coating plate, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the first finish coating plate; the fourth step: spraying varnish on the other test board except the first surface paint board, leveling, drying, marking as a first varnish board, and measuring the appearance and the varnish film thickness of the first varnish board; and finding out the coating influencing the appearance of the composite coating by searching layer by layer according to the measurement results of the roughness, the film thickness and the appearance. The method can more directly and accurately evaluate the appearance of each coating film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and relates to a method for detecting the appearance of each coating of a composite coating of a coating, in particular to a method for detecting and evaluating the appearance of each coating in a wet-on-wet process of the coating, and specifically relates to a method for evaluating the appearance performance of each coating in a wet-on-wet application process of the coating.
Background
In the using process of the coating, in order to enable the coating film to have better appearance, multiple spraying is generally adopted to enable the appearance of the coating film to be better, and in the advanced coating process, multiple-coating spraying is carried out to enable the coated object to have bright color, excellent appearance, excellent performance and the like. Such as: when coating the automobile paint, electrophoretic coating is generally carried out, then middle coating, finish coating and finally varnish spraying are carried out. The functions of the coatings in the whole paint film are different, the electrophoretic coating plays roles in protecting a substrate from rust, corrosion and the like, the middle coating plays roles in resisting stone impact, shock, corrosion and the like, the finish coating mainly plays roles in color, flickering effect and the like, and the varnish coating plays roles in protecting the whole coating from corrosion, shock and the like, and simultaneously endows the paint film with beautiful appearance. In the coating process of the composite coating, the electrophoretic coating is mainly coated by cathode and anode electrophoresis, baked and then coated with floating coat, finish coat and varnish. The appearance of the baked paint film is often checked and evaluated by appearance instruments such as an orange peel machine, and cannot be measured in wet-on-wet coatings.
In the development or design and use process of the paint, when the appearance of a paint film is evaluated, the appearance data measured by using an orange peel instrument are the appearance of the paint film after baking and curing, and the appearance of the paint film which is not baked and cured at high temperature in the wet-on-wet coating process cannot be measured and evaluated. In the traditional coating process, the intermediate coat is generally baked and cured at high temperature, the finish coat and the varnish are sprayed by adopting a wet-on-wet process, finally measured appearance data is overall data, and although the appearance of the intermediate coat can be detected, the appearance of the finish coat cannot be evaluated. The existing popular 3C2B coating process, 3C1B coating process, IPP process and the like all involve wet-on-wet spraying among coatings in the coating process, and coatings which affect the appearance of a composite coating cannot be accurately found when the appearance of a paint film is involved in the process of formula design, development or improvement. For example, in the 3C2B coating process, no matter the coating process is a water-based system coating or a solvent-based coating, after finishing spraying of the finish paint, the solvent-based coating is flashed for a few minutes, the sprayed varnish is baked, the water-based coating is sprayed with the finish paint and then placed in a low-temperature oven, the water-based coating is dehydrated for a few minutes, the sprayed varnish is baked again, the wet-on-wet process spraying is performed between the finish paint and the varnish, and when the appearance of a paint film is evaluated, the appearance data of; the 3C1B coating process is characterized in that wet-on-wet process spraying is adopted between middle coating and finish coating, finish coating and varnish coating, and finally measured appearance data is the appearance of the whole composite coating, and the appearances of the middle coating and the finish coating cannot be evaluated through detection; an IPP process: and the finish paint and the varnish are sprayed by a wet-on-wet process, and when the appearance of a paint film is evaluated, the appearance data of the finish paint cannot pass detection evaluation.
In the prior art, most of detection methods for composite coatings are to detect the appearance of a paint film baked according to a coating process, for example, the appearance of an electrophoretic layer is evaluated, the paint film is formed by baking and curing at high temperature after the electrophoretic layer is coated, and an orange peel instrument is used for detecting the appearance of the paint film; evaluation of the appearance of the varnish: according to the coating process, electrophoresis, floating coat, finish coat, varnish and the like are carried out, and the appearance of the cured composite coating is detected by using an orange peel instrument. When the existing method is used for evaluating the appearance of a paint film, the appearance condition of each coating of the composite coating cannot be accurately evaluated through appearance data measured by an orange peel instrument.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method capable of accurately judging and detecting the appearance of each coating layer of the paint composite coating.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method capable of directly and accurately detecting the appearance of each coating of a paint composite coating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for detecting the appearance of each coating of a paint composite coating, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: pasting film thickness strips on a plurality of cleaned substrates, taking one substrate to measure the roughness and the film thickness, and marking as a first bottom plate; the second step is that: taking the substrate except the first bottom plate in the step one, spraying a middle coating, taking a middle coating plate, drying and recording as a first middle coating plate, and measuring related data; the third step: spraying a finish paint on the intermediate coating plates except the first intermediate coating plate in the step two, flashing the intermediate coating plates after the first finish paint is sprayed, drying a test plate, marking the test plate as a first finish paint plate, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the first finish paint plate; the fourth step: spraying varnish on the other test board except the first surface paint board, leveling, drying, marking as a first varnish board, and measuring the appearance and the varnish film thickness of the first varnish board; according to the measurement results of the roughness, the film thickness and the appearance of the first bottom plate, the first middle coating plate, the first surface paint plate and the first clear paint plate, the coating influencing the appearance of the composite coating can be found by searching layer by layer.
Preferably, in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, more than one finish paint needs to be sprayed in the third step, after the first finish paint is sprayed, the finish paint is flash-dried, a test board is taken and dried, the test board is marked as a first finish board, and the roughness and the film thickness of the first finish board are measured; and then spraying a second finish paint on the test boards except the first finish paint board, flashing, taking one test board for drying, recording as the second finish paint board, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the second finish paint board.
Preferably, in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, a plurality of times of varnish is sprayed, and the fourth step is repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed.
Preferably, in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the more than one top coat at least comprises a base coat and a pearlescent coat.
Preferably, in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, when the finish paint needs to be recoated, the third step and the fourth step are sequentially repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed; and when the middle coating needs to be recoated, repeating the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step after the fourth step in sequence until the required varnish is sprayed.
Preferably, the related data of the second step of measurement are divided into a 3C2B coating construction process or a 3C1B coating construction process, and the coating is the film thickness, the appearance and the roughness of the coated plate in the 3C2B construction process measurement; or the coating is the film thickness and the roughness of the coated plate in the 3C1B construction process measurement.
Preferably, the substrate is cleaned by wiping with a degreasing solvent or alcohol.
Preferably, the measured data of the roughness in the detection method of the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is less than or equal to 0.3.
Preferably, the coating affecting the appearance of the composite coating is a coating having a roughness greater than 0.3.
Preferably, the coating in the coating composite coating is divided into water-based coating or solvent-based coating.
Preferably, the water-based paint is sprayed according to a coating process with reference to the coating film thickness of field construction, when wet-on-wet coating is involved, two parts of a finish paint test board are prepared, one part of the finish paint test board is subjected to wet-on-wet coating according to the coating process, and the other part of the finish paint test board is baked at a high temperature after the finish paint is coated; or one part of the paint is coated in a wet-on-wet mode according to the coating process, and the other part of the paint is baked at high temperature after the middle coating is finished.
The solvent-based paint is sprayed according to a coating process, and relates to a space between finish paint and varnish, wherein two parts of the finish paint test board are prepared, one part is subjected to wet-on-wet coating according to the coating process, and the other part is baked at a high temperature after finish paint is coated; or one part of the paint is coated in a wet-on-wet mode according to the coating process, and the other part of the paint is baked at high temperature after the middle coating is finished.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the appearance of the final composite coating is judged by measuring the roughness of the coating. When the wet-on-wet process is adopted for coating, the appearance data of a coating which is not cured at high temperature cannot be measured, particularly, the coating is mostly coated by wet-on-wet between a colored paint layer (finish paint) and a varnish layer, the appearance data of the colored paint layer cannot be directly measured by an orange peel instrument, and the finally measured appearance data cannot be used for detecting and evaluating the appearance of the colored paint layer. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating can accurately detect the influence of each coating on the appearance of the whole composite coating, can judge the quality of the appearance of the paint by being closer to the actual condition of the paint, and can effectively and pertinently adjust and improve the appearance of each coating in the processes of designing, developing and improving the product.
The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is to respectively detect and evaluate the appearance of each paint film in the composite coating, particularly, the paint film coated by a wet-on-wet process can more directly and accurately evaluate the appearance of each coating paint film, and provides great help in the research of appearance comparison or appearance improvement and the like.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below in connection with preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating comprises the following experimental devices: electrophoresis plates, intermediate painting, finish paint, varnish, degreasing solvent or alcohol, film thickness strips, a film thickness instrument, a roughness instrument, an orange peel instrument and an oven.
The coating method of the coating used in the invention is as follows:
when the sample is a water-based paint: and (5) spraying according to a coating process by using a reciprocating machine according to the thickness of the coating film in site construction. The spraying environment temperature and humidity, the dehydration condition, the baking condition and the flash drying time are carried out according to the coating process. When wet-on-wet coating is involved, for example, between a finish paint and a varnish, two parts of a finish paint test board are prepared, one part is subjected to wet-on-wet coating according to a coating process, and the other part is baked at high temperature after the finish paint is coated; or one part of the paint is coated in a wet-on-wet mode according to the coating process, and the other part of the paint is baked at high temperature after the middle coating is finished.
When the sample is a solvent-borne coating: and (5) spraying according to the process by using a reciprocating machine according to the thickness of the coating film in site construction. The spraying environment temperature and humidity, the flash drying time and the baking condition are carried out according to the coating process. For example, between the finish paint and the varnish, two parts of finish paint test plates need to be prepared, one part is subjected to wet-on-wet coating according to a coating process, and the other part is baked at high temperature after finish paint is coated; or one part of the paint is coated in a wet-on-wet mode according to the coating process, and the other part of the paint is baked at high temperature after the middle coating is finished.
Example 1
The solvent type black paint is coated by adopting a 3C2B coating process, and the appearance is improved after coating.
According to production field data, in the process of using SP M-180BG41 black paint (solvent type) paint, the appearance of a paint film is poorer than that of the prior batch, and the detection method for the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is used for detecting:
firstly, using a previous batch of black colored paint sample to prepare a plate and detect:
the first step is as follows: substrate treatment: wiping a plurality of electrophoresis plates clean by using a degreasing solvent or alcohol, attaching film thickness strips, wherein one electrophoresis plate is marked as an A1 plate or a first bottom plate, measuring the roughness Ra of the A1 plate or the first bottom plate by using a roughness meter, and measuring the film thickness of the A1 plate or the first bottom plate by using the film thickness meter (the data are shown in table 1);
the second step is that: spraying black middle coating (solvent type) on the electrophoresis plates obtained in the first step, carrying out flash drying for 7min, baking the three middle coating plates in an oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, taking out one middle coating plate, marking as a B1 plate or a first middle coating plate, measuring the appearance of the B1 middle coating plate or the first middle coating plate by using an orange peel instrument, measuring the film thickness of the B1 middle coating plate or the first middle coating plate by using a film thickness instrument, and measuring the roughness of the B1 middle coating plate or the first middle coating plate by using a roughness instrument;
the third step: spraying black finish paint (solvent type) on the other two middle coating plates except B1 obtained in the step two, flashing for 5min, putting a test plate in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for baking for 30min, and taking out the test plate to be marked as a C1 plate or a first face paint plate;
the fourth step: spraying varnish (solvent type) on the other test board except the C1 board obtained in the third step normally, leveling for 8min, placing the test board in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for baking for 30min, and taking out the test board and marking as a D1 board or a first varnish board;
roughness of the C1 board or the first painted board was measured using a roughness meter, film thickness of the finish of the C1 board or the first painted board was measured using a film thickness meter, appearance of the D1 board or the first clear painted board was measured using an orange peel meter, and film thickness of the varnish of the D1 board or the first clear painted board was measured using a film thickness meter.
Secondly, using the current batch of black colored paint samples to prepare boards and detect:
the first step is as follows: substrate treatment: wiping a plurality of electrophoresis plates clean by using a degreasing solvent or alcohol, and pasting a film thickness strip; one of the plates was designated as a2 plate (first base plate), and the roughness Ra of the a2 plate was measured using a roughness meter, and the film thickness of the a2 plate was measured using a film thickness meter (data shown in table 1);
the second step is that: spraying OP-61M-2 deep ash on the electrophoresis plates obtained in the first step, drying the middle coating N-2 (solvent type), carrying out flash drying for 7min, baking the three middle coating plates in an oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, taking out one middle coating plate, marking as a B2 plate (first middle coating plate), and measuring the appearance, the film thickness and the roughness of the B2 plate of the middle coating plate;
the third step: spraying SP M-180BG41 finish paint (solvent type) on the other two middle coating plates except B2 obtained in the step two, flashing for 5min, putting a test plate in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for baking for 30min, and taking out the test plate to be marked as a C2 plate (first finish plate);
the fourth step: spraying MAC O-1850 varnish (solvent type) on the other test panel except the C2 panel obtained in the third step normally, leveling for 8min, baking in an oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, and taking out to obtain a D2 panel (first varnish panel);
the roughness of the C2 panels and the film thickness of the black topcoat, and the appearance data and the clear coat film thickness of the D2 panels were measured using a coarseness gauge and a film thickness gauge, respectively.
The data obtained from the above method steps are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the roughness Ra of the black paint sample of the current batch is 0.68, which is higher than the roughness Ra of the black paint sample of the previous batch, and the conditions such as the roughness and the film thickness of the electrophoretic panel used on site, the appearance, the film thickness and the roughness of the intermediate coat, and the film thickness of the color paint and the clear coat are not changed. And (3) adjusting the paint layer diluent of the current batch of black paint samples to improve the roughness of the paint layer to 0.25, wherein the appearance of the composite coating of the current batch of black paint samples is equal to the appearance data of the previous batch of black paint samples.
According to the invention, analysis and evaluation are carried out according to the detection method of the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, so that the complex experiments such as the reason searching process, the reason confirmation and the like are avoided, and the root of the problem is directly found.
In the present embodiment, the a1, B1, C1, D1, a2, B2, C2, and D2 plates are only exemplarily listed for the case of spraying a middle coat, a top coat, and a clear coat for the sake of convenience of illustration. In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, the steps one to four may be further repeated, that is, the fourth step may be repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed, and the first varnish board, the second varnish board, the third varnish board, and the like may be obtained respectively.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, when the finish paint needs to be recoated in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the third step and the fourth step are repeated in sequence after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, when the middle coating needs to be recoated in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are sequentially repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is completely sprayed.
Example 2
When the appearance of the waterborne 3C1B paint is evaluated, when the overall appearance is deteriorated, the finding of the cause of the deterioration is extremely important, and for the coating constructed by the 3C1B process, the appearance data measured by an orange peel instrument is the appearance data of the whole composite coating.
The appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is detected according to the detection method of the invention:
the first step is as follows: substrate treatment: wiping the electrophoresis plate clean by using a degreasing solvent or alcohol, and pasting a film thickness strip; using an electrophoresis plate as an E plate (first base plate), measuring the roughness Ra and the film thickness of the E plate (data is shown in table 2);
the second step is that: spraying three pieces of AR-6208105 middle coats on the E electrophoresis plate, carrying out flash drying for 7min, baking for 5min at 80 ℃, taking out the middle coated plate E, taking out one middle coat, putting the middle coat in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for baking for 30min, taking out the middle coated plate E as an F plate (a first middle coated plate), and measuring the film thickness and the roughness of the middle coated plate of the F plate;
the third step: spraying AR-3020-13R 3 finish on the other two unmarked middle coated plates, flash-drying for 3min, baking at 80 ℃ for 5min, taking out, taking one test plate, baking in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, taking out, marking as a G plate (first finish plate), and measuring the thickness and the roughness of the G plate color paint film;
the fourth step: and (3) normally spraying MACO-1860 varnish (solvent type) on the other test plate except the G plate obtained in the third step, leveling for 8min, placing in an oven at 140 ℃, baking for 30min, taking out, marking as an H plate (first varnish plate), and measuring the film thickness and the appearance.
The data obtained from the above method steps are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in table 2, the appearance of the composite coating is very poor and cannot meet the requirements of high-grade automobile painting, and through analyzing the roughness of each coating, the roughness is degraded from the middle coating (F plate), which subsequently results in the degradation of the roughness of the color paint layer sprayed on the middle coating, and finally affects the appearance of the whole composite coating.
In this example, for the sake of simplicity, the E, F, G, H boards are only exemplified by spraying a topcoat, a topcoat and a varnish. In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, the steps one to four may be further repeated, that is, the fourth step may be repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed, and the first varnish board, the second varnish board, the third varnish board, and the like may be obtained respectively.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, when the finish paint needs to be recoated in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the third step and the fourth step are repeated in sequence after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, when the middle coating needs to be recoated in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are sequentially repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is completely sprayed.
Example 3
Appearance evaluation for the waterborne 3C1B topcoat layer for two color paint compositions:
when the appearance of a waterborne 3C1B paint was evaluated, the appearance data measured using an orange peel machine was the appearance data for the entire composite coating. When the appearance of a paint film is analyzed, the whole paint film consists of an electrophoretic layer, a middle coating, a base paint, a pearlescent paint, a varnish and the like because of the special color of the pearlescent white, so that the number of coatings which influence the whole appearance of the paint film is large, and the influence of a specific coating on the appearance cannot be measured by a traditional external observation method.
The appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is detected according to the detection method of the invention:
the first step is as follows: substrate treatment: wiping the electrophoresis plate clean by using a degreasing solvent or alcohol, and pasting a film thickness strip; using the electrophoresis plate as an I plate (first base plate), the roughness Ra and the film thickness of the I plate were measured (data shown in table 3);
the second step is that: spraying four pieces of AR200L53 aqueous primer surfacers (white) floating coats on the electrophoresis sheet obtained in the first step, flash-drying for 7min, baking for 5min at 80 ℃, taking out the floating coats, taking out one floating coat, baking for 30min in a 140 ℃ baking oven, taking out the floating coat and marking as a J sheet (first floating coat), and measuring the film thickness and the roughness of the floating coat in the J sheet;
the third step: coating and spraying a base color paint AR2300 aqueous solid color paint (snow mountain white) on the other three unmarked plates in the second step, flashing for 3min, baking at 80 ℃ for 5min, taking out, taking one test plate, baking in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, taking out, marking as an L plate (a first paint plate), and measuring the thickness and the roughness of the color paint film of the L plate;
the fourth step: spraying pearlescent paint AR2300 water-based metal paint (moonlight white) on the two bottom color paint plates which are not marked in the third step, flashing for 3min, baking for 5min at 80 ℃, taking out, taking one test plate, placing the test plate in a baking oven at 140 ℃ for baking for 30min, taking out, marking as an M plate (second surface paint plate), and measuring the thickness and the roughness of the color paint film of the M plate;
the fifth step: and taking another unmarked test plate in the fourth step, normally spraying 2015HP 2K varnish (solvent type), leveling for 8min, placing in an oven at 140 ℃, baking for 30min, taking out, marking as an N plate (first varnish plate), and measuring the thickness and the appearance of the N plate.
The data obtained from the above method steps are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the data in table 3, after the water-based solid color paint (snow mountain white) of the base color paint AR2300 is coated, the roughness Ra of the paint film begins to deteriorate, and after the water-based metallic paint (moonlight white) of the pearlescent paint AR2300 is coated, the roughness Ra of the paint film continues to deteriorate, and is mainly affected by the base coating. After the varnish coating, the roughness Ra is better, but higher. The appearance data of the N-plate shows that the composite coating formed by matching the electrophoretic plate, the middle coat, the colored paint and the varnish used in example 3 has poor appearance, the coating mainly affecting the appearance is the primer AR2300 water-based solid color paint (snow mountain white), and the primer AR2300 water-based solid color paint (snow mountain white) can be adjusted to improve the appearance of the paint film.
In this embodiment, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, the third step and the fourth step in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating are both steps of spraying finish paint, wherein the finish paint comprises the base paint and the pearlescent paint, that is, more than one finish paint is sprayed on the finish paint, the L-shaped plate is marked as a first finish paint plate, and the roughness and the film thickness of the L-shaped plate are measured; and marking the M board as a second finish board, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the M board or the second finish board. In other embodiments of the present invention, the top coat may be sprayed more than once, i.e. the above steps of spraying the base coat and the pearlescent paint are repeated for a plurality of times until the last top coat is sprayed.
Example 4
The appearance evaluation of a solvent-based 3C1B topcoat layer, wherein the topcoat layer consists of a base coat and a pearlescent coat, the base coat is a white monochromatic coat, and the pearlescent layer is a single pearlescent coat:
when the appearance of a solvent-borne 3C1B coating was evaluated, the appearance data measured using an orange peel machine was the appearance data for the entire composite coating. When the appearance of a paint film is analyzed, the whole paint film consists of an electrophoretic layer, a middle coating, a base paint, a pearlescent paint, a varnish and the like because of the special color of the pearlescent white, so that the number of coatings which influence the whole appearance of the paint film is large, and the influence of a specific coating on the appearance cannot be measured by a traditional external observation method.
The appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is detected according to the detection method of the invention:
the first step is as follows: substrate treatment: wiping the electrophoresis plate clean by using a degreasing solvent or alcohol, and pasting a film thickness strip; using the electrophoresis plate as an O plate (first base plate), the roughness Ra and the film thickness of the O plate were measured (see table 4 for data);
the second step is that: spraying four OTO H881PRIMER L88(JL) floating coats on the electrophoresis plate, flash-drying for 7min, taking out the floating coats, taking out one floating coat, baking in an oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, taking out the floating coat as a P plate (first floating coat plate), and measuring the film thickness and the roughness of the P plate floating coat;
the third step: spraying SP M-315 pearl white primer C/B (JL) base color paint on the other unmarked three panels in the second step, flashing for 3min, taking one test panel, baking in an oven at 140 ℃ for 30min, taking out the test panel and marking as an R panel (a first surface paint panel), and measuring the thickness and the roughness of the color paint film of the R panel;
the fourth step: spraying SP M-315 pearl white bead gloss paint on the other two SP M-315 pearl white primer C/B (JL) base color paint plates which are not marked in the third step, flashing for 3min, taking one test plate, placing the test plate in an oven at 140 ℃ for baking for 30min, taking out the test plate, marking the test plate as a Y plate (a second finish plate), and measuring the thickness and the roughness of the color paint film of the Y plate;
the fifth step: taking another unmarked test plate in the fourth step, normally spraying CLEAR COAT DSR PHASE III third-generation varnish (solvent type), leveling for 8min, placing in a baking oven at 140 ℃, baking for 30min, taking out, marking as a Z plate (first varnish plate), and measuring the film thickness and appearance of the Z plate;
the data obtained from the above method steps are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the data in table 4, after the solvent-based color paint and the matched varnish used in this embodiment are sprayed, the appearance data of the paint film is not good, and through layer-by-layer paint film analysis, it is found that the roughness Ra of the paint film is high during electrophoretic coating, and the color paint layer, the clear paint layer and the like coated later all improve the roughness Ra of the paint film surface, but the roughness Ra is not greatly reduced due to the influence of the electrophoretic coating, resulting in poor final appearance data. The roughness of the electrophoresis layer is improved, so that the appearance of the paint film can be improved.
In this embodiment, in order to measure the roughness and the film thickness of different composite coatings in more detail, the third step and the fourth step in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating are both steps of spraying finish paint, wherein the finish paint comprises the base paint and the pearlescent paint, that is, more than one finish paint is sprayed on the finish paint, the R plate is marked as a first finish paint plate, and the roughness and the film thickness of the R plate are measured; and marking the Y board as a second finish board, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the Y board or the second finish board. In other embodiments of the present invention, the topcoat may be applied more than once, i.e., the aforementioned steps of applying the basecoat and the pearlescent paint may be repeated multiple times until the last topcoat is applied.
According to the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the appearance of the final composite coating is judged by measuring the roughness of the coating. When the wet-on-wet process is adopted for coating, the appearance data of a coating which is not cured at high temperature cannot be measured, particularly, the coating is mostly coated by wet-on-wet between a colored paint layer (finish paint) and a varnish layer, the appearance data of the colored paint layer cannot be directly measured by an orange peel instrument, and the finally measured appearance data cannot be used for detecting and evaluating the appearance of the colored paint layer. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating can accurately detect the influence of each coating on the appearance of the whole composite coating, can judge the quality of the appearance of the paint by being closer to the actual condition of the paint, and can effectively and pertinently adjust and improve the appearance of each coating in the processes of designing, developing and improving the product.
The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating is to respectively detect and evaluate the appearance of each paint film in the composite coating, particularly, the paint film coated by a wet-on-wet process can more directly and accurately evaluate the appearance of each coating paint film, and provides great help in the research of appearance comparison or appearance improvement and the like.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the appearance of each coating of a paint composite coating, wherein the appearance detection comprises the film thickness detection and the roughness detection of the coating, and appearance parameters obtained by the measurement of an orange peel instrument, and the appearance parameters comprise distinctness of image, tarnish degree, long wave and short wave, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: pasting film thickness strips on a plurality of cleaned substrates, taking one substrate to measure the roughness and the film thickness, and marking as a first bottom plate;
the second step is that: taking the substrate except the first bottom plate in the first step, spraying middle coating, taking a middle coating plate, drying and marking as a first middle coating plate, measuring the film thickness of the first middle coating plate by using a film thickness meter, and measuring the roughness of the first middle coating plate by using a roughness meter; or
Measuring the film thickness of the first intermediate coating plate by using a film thickness meter, measuring the roughness of the first intermediate coating plate by using a roughness meter, and measuring the appearance parameter of the first intermediate coating plate by using an orange peel meter;
the third step: spraying a finish paint on the intermediate coating plates except the first intermediate coating plate in the step two, flashing the intermediate coating plates after the first finish paint is sprayed, drying a test plate, marking the test plate as a first finish paint plate, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the first finish paint plate by using a roughness meter and a film thickness meter respectively;
the fourth step: spraying varnish on the other test board except the first surface paint board, leveling, drying, marking as a first varnish board, and measuring the appearance parameters and the varnish film thickness of the first varnish board by using an orange peel instrument and a roughness meter respectively;
and finding out the coating influencing the appearance of the composite coating layer by searching layer by layer according to the measurement results of the roughness, the film thickness and the appearance parameters of the first base plate, the first middle coating plate, the first surface paint plate and the first clear paint plate.
2. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to claim 1, wherein: in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, more than one finish paint needs to be sprayed in the third step, after the first finish paint is sprayed, flash drying is carried out, a test board is taken and dried, the test board is marked as a first finish board, and the roughness and the film thickness of the first finish board are measured; and then spraying a second finish paint on the test boards except the first finish paint board, flashing, taking one test board for drying, recording as the second finish paint board, and measuring the roughness and the film thickness of the second finish paint board.
3. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to claim 2, wherein: and in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, a plurality of varnish layers are required to be sprayed in the fourth step, and the fourth step is repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed.
4. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to claim 2, wherein: in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, the more than one finishing coat at least comprises base coat and pearlescent coat.
5. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to claim 4, wherein: in the method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating, when the finish paint needs to be recoated, the third step and the fourth step are sequentially repeated after the fourth step until the required varnish is sprayed;
and when the middle coating needs to be recoated, repeating the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step after the fourth step in sequence until the required varnish is sprayed.
6. The method for inspecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: in the second step, the coating of the middle coating plate is coated according to a 3C2B construction process or a 3C1B construction process respectively; when the coating is coated according to the 3C2B construction process, measuring the film thickness, appearance parameters and roughness of the first middle coating plate;
or the like, or, alternatively,
and when the coating is coated according to the 3C1B construction process, measuring the film thickness and the roughness of the first middle coating plate.
7. The method for inspecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the substrate which is treated to be clean is wiped clean by using a degreasing solvent or alcohol.
8. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to claim 7, wherein: the coating affecting the appearance of the composite coating is a coating with a roughness greater than 0.3.
9. The method for inspecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the coating in the coating composite coating is divided into water-based coating or solvent-based coating.
10. The method for detecting the appearance of each coating of the paint composite coating according to claim 9, wherein: the water-based paint is sprayed according to a coating process with reference to the coating film thickness of field construction, when wet-on-wet coating is involved, two parts of finish paint are prepared between finish paint and varnish, one part of finish paint is subjected to wet-on-wet coating according to the coating process, and the other part of finish paint is baked at a high temperature after the finish paint is coated; or one part of the paint is coated in a wet-on-wet mode according to the coating process, and the other part of the paint is baked at high temperature after the middle coating is finished;
the solvent-based paint is sprayed according to a coating process, and relates to a space between finish paint and varnish, wherein two parts of the finish paint test board are prepared, one part is subjected to wet-on-wet coating according to the coating process, and the other part is baked at a high temperature after finish paint is coated; or one part of the paint is coated in a wet-on-wet mode according to the coating process, and the other part of the paint is baked at high temperature after the middle coating is finished.
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