CN108731472B

CN108731472B - Multifunctional part switching device for vacuum smelting furnace

Info

Publication number: CN108731472B
Application number: CN201711432814.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王利民; 陈雄武
Original assignee: Hunan Juta Technologies Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Juta Technologies Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-26
Filing date: 2017-12-26
Publication date: 2020-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-26
Also published as: CN108731472A

Abstract

A multifunctional piece switching device for a vacuum smelting furnace comprises a turret mechanism and a sealing interface, wherein the turret mechanism and the sealing interface are arranged on the vacuum smelting furnace; the rotary tower mechanism is provided with a rotating arm in a rotating and up-and-down moving mode, the front end of the rotating arm is provided with a plurality of mounting frames for mounting functional parts, and the functional parts comprise a continuous feeding device and one or more of a sampling device, a temperature measuring device, a material smashing device and an observation device; the lower end of the sealing interface is communicated with the inside of the vacuum melting furnace, and the upper part of the sealing interface is provided with a sealing control valve. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and high stability, and can be quickly lifted and rotated with high precision, so that different functional parts can be quickly and accurately switched to the designated interface on the premise of not damaging vacuum by the turret mechanism.

Description

Multifunctional part switching device for vacuum smelting furnace

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metal smelting production equipment, and particularly relates to a multifunctional piece switching device for a vacuum smelting furnace.

Background

In the atomizing powder process of metal, metal melting is indispensable process, and when carrying out metal melting, need add material, sample, temperature measurement and a plurality of auxiliary operation such as material of smashing, but traditional vacuum melting furnace is in order to realize above-mentioned multiple auxiliary operation, need set up a plurality of interfaces on vacuum melting furnace usually with the function piece of installation realization above-mentioned auxiliary operation, and too much interface not only makes vacuum melting furnace's design and processing become complicated and trivial details, also produce many problems easily in the in-service use, if: the unreasonable interface angle leads to sampling or inaccurate temperature measurement, easy damage to the vacuum environment in the furnace and the like.

CN201648566U discloses an electric rotating mechanism of a single crystal furnace body, which comprises an upright post, a sensor support, a fixed block, a rotating shaft, a bearing baffle ring, a screw rod, a lifting motor, an upper furnace body, a lifting frame, a connecting plate and a screw rod nut; furnace body electric rotary mechanism still includes gear motor, pinion, gear wheel and guide key, gear motor fixed mounting in stand lateral wall upper end, gear motor output fixed mounting has the pinion, open the rotation axis upper end has the guide way, the rotation axis passes through the guide key and the gear connection in the guide way, the gear wheel is connected with the pinion meshing of gear motor output. The rotary mechanism is only provided with the screw rod simply in the rotary shaft, the mechanism is low in strength and easy to vibrate and deviate, and the high-precision requirement when the functional parts are switched cannot be met by adopting a gear transmission control rotation mode.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the multifunctional part switching device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation and stability and high, and can be lifted and rotated quickly and with high precision, so that different functional parts can be switched to designated interfaces quickly and accurately on the premise of not damaging vacuum.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multifunctional piece switching device for a vacuum smelting furnace comprises a turret mechanism and a sealing interface, wherein the turret mechanism and the sealing interface are arranged on the vacuum smelting furnace; the rotary tower mechanism is provided with a rotating arm in a rotating and up-and-down moving mode, the front end of the rotating arm is provided with a plurality of multifunctional mounting frames for mounting functional parts, and the functional parts comprise a continuous feeding device and one or more of a sampling device, a temperature measuring device, a material smashing device and an observation device; the lower end of the sealing interface is communicated with the inside of the vacuum melting furnace, and the upper part of the sealing interface is provided with a sealing control valve.

Further, the turret mechanism comprises a base, a supporting arm, a lifting seat and a rotating arm mounting seat, wherein the supporting arm is arranged on one side of the base; the lifting seat is arranged on the base in a mode of moving up and down, and the support arm is provided with a screw rod type lifting mechanism for driving the lifting seat to move up and down; the rotating arm mounting seat is sleeved on the lifting seat and connected with the rotating arm, and the lifting seat is provided with a rotating mechanism capable of driving the rotating arm mounting seat to rotate.

Furthermore, the screw rod type lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod, a nut and a rotary driving device, the screw rod is sleeved in the lifting seat in a rotatable mode, the upper end of the screw rod extends out of the lifting seat and is in transmission connection with the rotary driving device arranged on the supporting arm, and the lower end of the screw rod extends out of the lifting seat and is in rotary connection with the base; the nut is fixedly arranged on the lifting seat and is connected with the screw rod in a threaded fit mode.

Furthermore, the rotating mechanism is an index plate which is sleeved on the lifting seat and connected with the rotating arm mounting seat. The rotary arm can be rotated by a predetermined angle by the high rotation accuracy of the index plate.

Preferably, the index plate is an electric index plate, the electric index plate has the advantages of convenience in use and accuracy in positioning, and the rotation angle of the rotating arm can be controlled in a programming or setting mode by matching with a controller and a servo motor.

Furthermore, a plurality of guide blocks capable of sliding up and down are arranged on the supporting arm, and the lifting seat is connected with the guide blocks through guide columns.

Furthermore, a mounting platform for arranging a rotary driving device is arranged above the supporting arm, and the screw rod penetrates through the mounting platform to be connected with the rotary driving device.

Further, a screw rod seat is fixedly arranged on the base, the screw rod seat is sleeved on the screw rod, and the screw rod seat is connected with the screw rod in a rotating mode. Through setting up the lead screw seat, can reduce vibrations and the skew that the lead screw takes place at the rotation in-process to improve the life of lead screw and nut.

Further, the screw rod seat and the screw rod are connected through a radial bearing and a radial thrust bearing. Because the rotating arm is arranged on the lifting seat in a cantilever mode, when the nut rotates on the screw rod, axial and radial forces can be simultaneously generated on the screw rod, and therefore, the radial bearing and the radial thrust bearing are arranged simultaneously, and the vibration generated by the screw rod can be effectively reduced.

Preferably, the radial bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the radial thrust bearing is a tapered roller bearing. The deep groove ball bearing is simple in structure, small in friction coefficient and free of frequent maintenance, the conical roller bearing can bear axial and radial loads at the same time, and the bearing capacity of the conical roller bearing is large and can bear certain impact and vibration.

Further, the multifunctional mounting rack is detachably mounted at the front end of the rotating arm. This kind of design makes operating personnel can add or reduce the quantity of multi-functional mounting bracket in a flexible way as required.

Further, the cover is equipped with the swinging boom mount pad on the lift seat, the swinging boom rear end links to each other with the swinging boom mount pad, the front end of swinging boom is linear type, arc or semi-circular, multi-functional mounting bracket is installed at the swinging boom front end with the detachable mode, and can remove about the swinging boom front end. When the size of the equipment to be installed is too large or too small, the position of the equipment at the front end of the rotating arm can be adjusted, so that the equipment switching can be more efficient and the equipment cannot interfere with each other.

Further, the continuous feeding device comprises a vacuum seal box, a charging barrel and a feeding lifting device, wherein an accommodating space is arranged in the vacuum seal box, and an opening corresponding to the sealing interface is formed in the lower end of the accommodating space; the charging barrel is arranged in the accommodating space of the vacuum sealing box, and a discharging device is further arranged on the lower side of the charging barrel; the feeding lifting device is arranged on the upper part of the containing space of the vacuum sealing box in a sealing manner and respectively drives the charging barrel and the discharging device to move up and down.

According to the scheme, after the vacuum seal box is installed on a seal interface on the vacuum smelting furnace, the seal interface seal control valve is closed, then after the containing space in the vacuum seal box is vacuumized by the vacuumizing device, the control valve below the vacuum seal box is opened, the charging barrel is driven by the charging lifting device to descend to a preset position, and then the discharging device below the charging barrel is opened to discharge all materials in the charging barrel into the smelting furnace.

Further, the feeding lifting device comprises a feeding driving device, a driving rotating shaft, a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, wherein the driving rotating shaft is arranged in the vacuum sealing box in a penetrating mode and is in transmission connection with the driving device; the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are sleeved on the driving shaft, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected with the charging barrel and the discharging device through a first connecting rope and a second connecting rope respectively.

Specifically, the connecting rope is a wire rope, a steel wire belt, a chain or the like, and can not deform in the smelting furnace.

Furthermore, the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected with the driving rotating shaft through a one-way clutch, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are respectively provided with a brake device. When unloading, the driving rotating shaft drives the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel to rotate, after the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope on the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel simultaneously drive the material barrel and the unloading device to descend to a preset position, the braking device on the first driving wheel controls the first driving wheel to stop working, the descending of the material barrel also stops, the unloading device continues descending under the action of materials in the material barrel and drives the second driving wheel to continue rotating, and after the unloading device is completely opened, the braking device on the second driving wheel works, so that the second connecting rope cannot continue descending.

Furthermore, a pulley block used for guiding the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope is arranged below the charging lifting device respectively. The roller skating set can prevent the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope from being overlong to cause swinging.

Further, the discharging device comprises a pull head and at least one discharging bottom plate, one side of the bottom plate is hinged with the wall surface of the bottom end of the charging barrel, and the bottom plate can rotate downwards around the hinged point; the pull head is arranged below the discharging bottom plate and is connected with a second connecting rope penetrating through the discharging bottom plate. After the discharging bottom plate is arranged on the lower end opening of the charging barrel, the second connecting rope is rotated to tightly press the pull head on the discharging bottom plate, so that the discharging bottom plate is completely attached and hermetically fixed on the lower end opening of the discharging bottom plate.

Further, the number of the discharging bottom plates is 2-8, and when the discharging bottom plates are pressed on the openings at the lower ends of the charging barrels, the openings at the lower ends can be sealed. According to the difference of feed cylinder lower extreme opening shape, through the bottom plate of unloading of selecting suitable quantity and shape, not only can seal the lower extreme opening in order to prevent to leak the material to can reduce the weight and the processing degree of difficulty of the bottom plate of unloading.

Furthermore, the opening at the lower end of the charging barrel is circular or square, and the discharging bottom plate is of an equal division structure with 2-8 openings at the lower end in equal shape. The round or square shape has the characteristics of simple processing and high adaptability; and the discharging bottom plate is set to be of an equal-division structure, so that the mounting and processing difficulty can be reduced, and the sealing performance of the discharging bottom plate on the lower end opening of the charging barrel is ensured.

Further, a sealing element or a sealing structure is arranged on the side face of the discharging bottom plate.

Specifically, the sealing element is a sealing sheet, a sealing ring or a sealing ring which is embedded or fixed on the side surface of the discharging bottom plate, and the sealing ring is preferably made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or graphite ring and the like; the sealing structures are respectively provided with a sealing bulge on the side surface of the discharging bottom plate and a corresponding sealing groove on the side surface of the adjacent bottom plate. Through setting up sealing washer or seal structure can be better prevent that the material from spilling from the bottom plate of unloading.

The multifunctional part switching device for the vacuum smelting furnace has the beneficial effects that: the device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and high stability, and can be quickly lifted and rotated with high precision, so that different functional parts can be quickly and accurately switched to the designated interface on the premise of not damaging vacuum by the turret mechanism.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an installation structure of a multi-function switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the mounting structure of the multi-function switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace according to example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of the multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view showing the structure of a vacuum continuous feeding apparatus according to example 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the point B in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the discharging device in embodiment 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sealing member between the discharge floors according to example 5;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a sealing structure between the discharge bottom plates in the embodiment 5.

In the figure:

1-turret mechanism, 2-sealing interface, 3-continuous feeding device, 11-base, 111-radial bearing, 112-radial thrust bearing; 12-supporting arm, 121-guide block, 122-guide column, 123-installation platform; 13-a rotating mechanism; 14-lifting mechanism, 141-rotary driving device, 142-nut, 143-screw rod, 144-screw rod seat; 15-rotating arm, 151-rotating arm mounting seat; 16-a lifting seat; 17-a multifunctional mounting rack; 21-sealing control valve; 31-opening, 32-vacuum sealing box, 33-charging barrel, 331-discharging device, 3311-discharging bottom plate, 3312-pulling head, 3313-sealing piece, 3314-sealing structure; 34-a charging lifting device, 341-a driving rotating shaft, 342-a first driving wheel, 343-a second driving wheel, 344-a braking device, 345-a one-way clutch, 346-a first connecting rope, 347-a second connecting rope, 348-a pulley block, 349-a driving rotating shaft and 35-a vacuumizing device.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Example 1

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3: a multifunctional piece switching device for a vacuum smelting furnace comprises a turret mechanism 1 and a sealing interface 2, wherein the turret mechanism 1 and the sealing interface are arranged on the vacuum smelting furnace; a rotating arm 15 is arranged on the turret mechanism 1 in a manner of rotating and moving up and down, a plurality of multifunctional mounting frames 17 for mounting functional parts are arranged at the front end of the rotating arm 15, and the functional parts comprise a continuous feeding device 3 and one or more of a sampling device, a temperature measuring device, a material smashing device and an observation device; the lower end of the sealing interface 2 is communicated with the inside of the vacuum melting furnace, and the upper part of the sealing interface is provided with a sealing control valve 21.

The turret mechanism 1 comprises a base 11, a support arm 12, a lifting seat 16 and a rotating arm mounting seat 151, wherein the support arm 12 is arranged on one side of the base 11; the supporting arm 12 is provided with a lifting mechanism 14 which drives a lifting seat 16 to move up and down; the rotating arm mounting seat 151 is sleeved on the lifting seat 16 and connected with the rotating arm 15, and the lifting seat 16 is provided with a rotating mechanism 13 capable of driving the rotating arm mounting seat 151 to rotate.

The screw rod 143 type lifting mechanism 14 comprises a screw rod 143, a nut 142 and a rotary driving device 141, the screw rod 143 is rotatably sleeved in the lifting seat 16, the upper end of the screw rod 143 extends out of the lifting seat 16 and is in transmission connection with the rotary driving device 141 arranged on the supporting arm 12, and the lower end of the screw rod 143 extends out of the lifting seat 16 and is in rotary connection with the base 11; the nut 142 is fixedly arranged on the lifting seat 16 and is connected with the screw rod 143 in a threaded fit manner.

The rotating mechanism 13 is an index plate, and the index plate is sleeved on the lifting seat 16 and connected with the rotating arm mounting seat 151. The rotary arm 15 can be rotated by a predetermined angle by the high rotation accuracy of the index plate.

Preferably, the index plate is an electric index plate, the electric index plate has the advantages of convenience in use and accurate positioning, and the rotation angle of the rotating arm 15 can be controlled by matching with a controller and a servo motor in a programming or setting mode.

The supporting arm 12 is provided with a plurality of guide blocks 121 capable of sliding up and down, and the lifting seat 16 is connected with the guide blocks 121 through guide columns 122. The guide block 121 is matched with the guide post 122, so that the lifting seat 16 cannot rotate or shift when moving up and down.

A mounting platform 123 for arranging a rotary driving device 141 is arranged above the supporting arm 12, and the screw rod 143 penetrates through the mounting platform 123 to be connected with the rotary driving device 141.

The base 11 is further fixedly provided with a screw rod seat 144, the screw rod seat 144 is sleeved on the screw rod 143, and the screw rod seat 144 is rotatably connected with the screw rod 143. By arranging the screw seat 144, the vibration and the offset of the screw 143 in the rotating process can be reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the screw 143 and the nut 142.

The screw base 144 and the screw 143 are connected to the radial bearing 112 through the radial bearing 111. Since the rotating arm 15 is mounted on the lifting base 16 in a cantilever manner, when the nut 142 rotates on the screw rod 143, axial and radial forces are simultaneously generated on the screw rod 143, and thus, the arrangement of the radial bearing 111 and the radial thrust bearing 112 at the same time can effectively reduce the vibration generated by the screw rod 143.

Preferably, the radial bearing 111 is a deep groove ball bearing, and the radial thrust bearing 112 is a tapered roller bearing. The deep groove ball bearing is simple in structure, small in friction coefficient and free of frequent maintenance, the conical roller bearing can bear axial and radial loads at the same time, and the bearing capacity of the conical roller bearing is large and can bear certain impact and vibration.

Example 2:

the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the multifunctional mounting bracket 17 is detachably mounted on the front end of the rotating arm 15. This design allows the operator the flexibility to add or reduce the number of multi-functional mounting brackets 17 as desired.

Specifically, the multifunctional mounting frame 17 is connected with the front end of the rotating arm 15 in a threaded connection or clamping connection mode.

The front end of the rotating arm 15 is linear, arc or semicircular as required, and the multifunctional mounting rack 17 can move left and right at the front end of the rotating arm 15. When the size of the equipment to be installed is too large or too small, the position of the equipment at the front end of the rotating arm 15 can be adjusted, so that equipment switching can be more efficient and interference among the equipment can not occur.

Particularly, the swinging boom 15 front end is provided with the spout, be provided with corresponding slider and locking device on the multi-functional mounting bracket 17, multi-functional mounting bracket 17 passes through slider and locking device and realizes sliding and fixing in swinging boom 15 front end side to side.

Example 3:

with reference to the accompanying drawings: the continuous feeding device 3 comprises a vacuum seal box 32, a charging barrel 33 and a feeding lifting device 34, wherein an accommodating space is arranged in the vacuum seal box 32, and the lower end of the accommodating space is provided with an opening 31 corresponding to the seal interface 2; the charging barrel 33 is arranged in the accommodating space of the vacuum sealing box 32, and a discharging device 331 is further arranged at the lower side of the charging barrel 33; the charging lifting device 34 is hermetically arranged at the upper part of the accommodating space of the vacuum sealing box 32 and respectively drives the charging barrel 33 and the discharging device 331 to move up and down.

In the scheme, after the vacuum seal box 32 is installed on the seal interface 2 on the vacuum smelting furnace, the meter interface seal control valve 21 is closed, then the space in the vacuum seal box 32 is vacuumized by the vacuumizing device 35, the control valve below the vacuum seal box 32 is opened, the charging barrel 33 is driven by the charging lifting device 34 to descend to a preset position, and then the discharging device 331 below the charging barrel 33 is opened to discharge all the materials in the charging barrel 33 into the smelting furnace.

The feeding lifting device 34 comprises a feeding driving device, a driving rotating shaft 341, a first driving wheel 342 and a second driving wheel 343, and the driving rotating shaft 349341 penetrates through the vacuum sealing box 32 and is in transmission connection with the driving device; the first driving wheel 342 and the second driving wheel 343 are sleeved on the driving shaft, and the first driving wheel 342 and the second driving wheel 343 are connected with the barrel 33 and the discharging device 331 through a first connecting rope 346 and a second connecting rope 347 respectively.

The first driving wheel 342 and the second driving wheel 343 are connected to a driving rotating shaft 349341 through a one-way clutch 345, and the first driving wheel 342 and the second driving wheel 343 are respectively provided with a brake 344. During discharging, the driving shaft 349341 drives the first driving wheel 342 and the second driving wheel 343 to rotate, after the first connecting rope 346 and the second connecting rope 347 on the first driving wheel 342 and the second driving wheel 343 simultaneously drive the barrel 33 and the discharging device 331 to descend to a predetermined position, the braking device 344 on the first driving wheel 342 controls the first driving wheel 342 to stop working, the descending of the barrel 33 also stops, the discharging device 331 continues descending under the action of the material in the barrel 33 and drives the second driving wheel 343 to continue rotating, and after the discharging device 331 is completely opened, the braking device 344 on the second driving wheel 343 operates, so that the second connecting rope 347 does not continue descending.

Pulley blocks 348 for guiding the first connecting rope 346 and the second connecting rope 347 are respectively arranged below the charging lifting device 34. The pulley set can prevent the first connecting rope 346 and the second connecting rope 347 from being excessively long to cause the pendulum.

The discharging device 331 comprises a slider 3312 and at least one discharging bottom plate 3311, one side of which is hinged with the wall surface of the bottom end of the barrel 33 and can rotate downwards around the hinged point; the slider 3312 is located below the discharge bottom plate 3311 and connected to a second connecting cord 347 passing through the discharge bottom plate 3311. After the discharge bottom plate 3311 is mounted on the lower end opening 31 of the barrel 33, the second connecting cord 347 is rotated to press the slider 3312 against the discharge bottom plate 3311, so that the discharge bottom plate 3311 is completely attached to and hermetically fixed to the lower end opening 31 of the discharge bottom plate 3311.

The embodiment also provides a method for continuous feeding by using the continuous feeding device 3, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) after the charging of the charging barrel 33 is completed, connecting the opening 31 at the lower end of the vacuum sealing box 32 with a charging opening, and vacuumizing the accommodating space in the vacuum sealing box 32 to be in a vacuum state;

(2) after the control valve is opened and the feeding lifting device 34 is controlled to drive the material barrel 33 to descend to the preset position, the feeding lifting device 34 is continuously controlled to drive the discharging device 331 below the material barrel 33 to be opened, so that the materials in the material barrel 33 are all discharged;

(3) after the charging lifting device 34 is controlled to lift the charging barrel 33 and the discharging device 331 above the control valve, the control valve is closed to complete charging;

(4) and transferring the vacuum seal box 32 to a preset feeding position, controlling the feeding lifting device 34 to drive the material barrel 33 and the discharging device 331 to descend, controlling the discharging device 331 to be in a closed state, then feeding the material into the material barrel 33, and controlling the feeding lifting device 34 to drive the material barrel 33 and the discharging device 331 to ascend into the accommodating space of the vacuum seal box 32 after the feeding is finished.

(5) And (4) repeating the steps (1) to (4) for a plurality of times according to the requirement to realize continuous feeding.

Example 4:

referring to fig. 4: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the lower end opening 31 of the charging barrel 33 is circular, and the discharge bottom plate 3311 is four equally divided structures equally dividing the shape of the lower end opening 31. The round lower end opening 31 has the characteristics of simple processing and high adaptability; and the equally divided petaloid structure of the discharge bottom plate 3311 can reduce the difficulty of installation and processing, and ensure the sealing performance of the discharge bottom plate 3311 to the lower end opening 31 of the charging barrel 33.

Example 5:

referring to figures 5 to 6: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that:

the side of the discharge bottom plate 3311 is provided with a sealing member 3313 or a sealing structure 3314.

It should be noted that, according to the specific sealing requirements, the sealing element 3313 is a sealing sheet, a sealing ring or a sealing ring which is inlaid or fixed on the side surface of the discharging bottom plate 3311, and the material of the sealing ring is preferably high temperature resistant rubber or graphite ring, etc.; the sealing structures 3314 are respectively provided with sealing protrusions on the side surfaces of the discharge base plates 3311 and corresponding sealing grooves on the side surfaces of the adjacent base plates. The material can be better prevented from leaking out of the discharge bottom plate 3311 by providing a seal ring or seal 3314.

All the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vacuum melting furnace is with multi-functional spare auto-change over device which characterized in that: the device comprises a turret mechanism and a sealing interface which are arranged on a vacuum melting furnace; the rotary tower mechanism is provided with a rotating arm in a rotating and up-and-down moving mode, the front end of the rotating arm is provided with a plurality of multifunctional mounting frames for mounting functional parts, and the functional parts comprise a continuous feeding device and one or more of a sampling device, a temperature measuring device, a material smashing device and an observation device; the lower end of the sealing interface is communicated with the inside of the vacuum smelting furnace, and the upper part of the sealing interface is provided with a sealing control valve; the turret mechanism comprises a base, a supporting arm, a lifting seat and a rotating arm, wherein the supporting arm is arranged on one side of the base; the supporting arm is provided with a lifting mechanism which drives the lifting seat to move up and down; the rotating arm is connected with the lifting seat, and the lifting seat is provided with a rotating mechanism capable of driving the rotating arm to rotate; the multifunctional mounting frame is characterized in that a sliding groove is formed in the front end of the rotating arm, a corresponding sliding block and a locking device are arranged on the multifunctional mounting frame, and the multifunctional mounting frame slides and is fixed at the front end of the rotating arm mounting seat through the sliding block and the locking device.

2. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the lifting mechanism is a screw rod type lifting mechanism, the screw rod type lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod, a nut and a rotary driving device, the screw rod is sleeved in the lifting seat in a rotatable mode, the upper end of the screw rod extends out of the lifting seat and is in transmission connection with the rotary driving device arranged on the supporting arm, and the lower end of the screw rod extends out of the lifting seat and is in rotary connection with the base; the nut is fixedly arranged on the lifting seat and is connected with the screw rod in a threaded fit mode.

3. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rotating mechanism is an index plate which is sleeved on the lifting seat and drives the rotating arm to rotate; the supporting arm is provided with a plurality of guide blocks capable of sliding up and down, and the lifting seat is connected with the guide blocks through guide columns.

4. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 2, wherein: and a mounting platform for arranging a rotary driving device is arranged above the supporting arm, and the screw rod penetrates through the mounting platform to be connected with the rotary driving device.

5. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the base is further fixedly provided with a screw rod seat, the screw rod seat is sleeved on the screw rod, and the screw rod seat is connected with the screw rod through a radial bearing and a radial thrust bearing.

6. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cover is equipped with the swinging boom mount pad on the lift seat, the swinging boom rear end links to each other with the swinging boom mount pad, the front end of swinging boom is linear type, arc or semi-circular, multi-functional mounting bracket is installed at the swinging boom front end with the detachable mode, and can remove about the swinging boom front end.

7. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the continuous feeding device comprises a vacuum seal box, a charging barrel and a feeding lifting device, wherein an accommodating space is arranged in the vacuum seal box, and the lower end of the accommodating space is provided with an opening corresponding to the sealing interface; the charging barrel is arranged in the accommodating space of the vacuum sealing box, and a discharging device is further arranged on the lower side of the charging barrel; the feeding lifting device is arranged on the upper part of the containing space of the vacuum sealing box in a sealing manner and respectively drives the charging barrel and the discharging device to move up and down.

8. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the feeding lifting device of the continuous feeding device comprises a feeding driving device, a driving rotating shaft, a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel, wherein the driving rotating shaft is arranged in the vacuum sealing box in a penetrating way and is in transmission connection with the driving device; the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are sleeved on the driving shaft, and the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected with the charging barrel and the discharging device through a first connecting rope and a second connecting rope respectively.

9. The multi-function member switching apparatus for a vacuum melting furnace as set forth in claim 8, wherein: the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected with the driving rotating shaft through one-way clutches, and braking devices are respectively arranged on the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel; the discharging device comprises a pull head and at least one discharging bottom plate, one side of the bottom plate is hinged with the wall surface of the bottom end of the charging barrel, and the bottom plate can rotate downwards around a hinged point; the pull head is positioned below the discharging bottom plate and is connected with a second connecting rope penetrating through the discharging bottom plate; the opening at the lower end of the charging barrel is round or square, and the discharging bottom plate is of 2-8 equally-divided structures for equally dividing the shape of the opening at the lower end.