CN108730031A

CN108730031A - A kind of d-axis piston engine

Info

Publication number: CN108730031A
Application number: CN201710280098.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙天军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-04-20
Filing date: 2017-04-20
Publication date: 2018-11-02

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of d-axis piston engines, it substitutes original interrupted bent axle by whole d-axis (1), original toggle is substituted by eccentric wheel (6) and the connecting rod (3) with guide rail (4), barricade (5) structure in combination, the continuous rotation that the reciprocating motion of piston (2) is changed into d-axis (1) is realized, to export power.Compared to original piston engine present invention optimizes structure, parts are reduced, to reduce production difficulty and cost, it may also reduce whole failure rate, maintaining cost enhance reliability and stability.

Description

A kind of d-axis piston engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of d-axis piston engines.

Background technology

For a long time, piston-engined structure is linked by piston driving bent axle and the two, carries out four punchings The shuttling movement of journey or two strokes maintains upper a century to export power, in this basic structure lower piston formula engine Development.Either diesel engine or gasoline engine are all much to adopt this basic structure.But such structure has it basic to lack Point, e.g., connecting rod are lateral to make piston apply cylinder wall by making connecting rod swing under the action of centrifugal force under the drive of bent axle Pressure forms the uneven side friction to cylinder wall, although having the protection of lubricating oil but being susceptible to problem, such as occurs It is commonly called as scuffing of cylinder bore, inclined cylinder, lacks the failures such as cylinder.In addition, bent axle is by multiple components (front end axis, output end axis, crank arm, connecting rod neck axis Deng) the connected combination composition of multistage, process is more complicated during fabrication in this way, and component is more, causes manufacturing cost high, technical difficulty The shortcomings of big, is more easy to break down in follow-up use, and also there will be the various problems such as maintaining is of high cost.

Invention content

The invention reside in provide a kind of friction reducing piston to cylinder wall；Bent axle is improved to whole d-axis simultaneously, To reduce number of components, the simpler performance of structure of the complexity and cost that reduce manufacture is more stable, reliable engine.Together Sample will also extend the service life of engine, enhances stability and reduces the expense of maintaining.

To achieve the above object, main shaft of the invention is the d-axis of an entirety, rather than the bent axle that multistage is constituted. There is the eccentric wheel of fixed connection on d-axis.Corresponding connecting rod be fixed connection on piston or be integral, have on connecting rod with The guide rail of d-axis cooperation, can be such that piston is moved back and forth relative to d-axis without departing from addition having on connecting rod and guide rail or piston Central axes match with eccentric wheel at two barricades being mutually parallel up and down of vertical relation, actually play the role of guide rail. By taking four reciprocating piston engine forms as an example：When piston is in power stroke, piston is moved downward along guide rail direction, at present Eccentric wheel is pressed, so that eccentric wheel is rotated, while d-axis is also with rotation；When having arrived exhaust stroke, from inertia strength eccentric wheel to Barricade applies upward power and drives connecting rod and piston upwards；It is so that eccentric wheel is applied to barricade from inertia strength when induction stroke Add downward power drive connecting rod and piston moves downward；When having arrived compression stroke from the coasting of eccentric wheel and flywheel to gear Wall exert force drives piston upwards, and which forms a complete four strokes programs.In this operation because Piston is fixed connection with connecting rod or is integral have the balanced surface that guide rail makes piston have bigger, to reduce conventional piston Crank engine piston links in bent axle and drives the strength swung in cylinder, and this strength will make casing wall and piston itself It will also reduce the service life of engine at unbalanced friction to more be also easy to produce such as scuffing of cylinder bore, inclined cylinder, lack cylinder failure.

It is to be coupled by multiple component multistages, then fixed by axle bed additionally, due to conventional crankshafts, not only component is more in this way Increase manufacturing cost and complexity and be easier to break down, such as the fracture of bent axle.Central shaft used in the present invention is whole The d-axis of body, this crankshaft strength inherently than discontinuously connecting is stronger, to avoid or reduce the accident of off-axis.It is fixed on d-axis There is circular offset wheel, the balance that eccentric wheel can be pairs of is arranged on d-axis.Such as manufacture, use cost will be reduced using the present invention, Achieve the purpose that extend engine life, enhancing stability, reliability.

The present invention is fixed connection or is one in addition to above-mentioned whole d-axis and eccentric wheel, guide rail, barricade, connecting rod and piston It is other to be no different with conventional piston engine outside the structures such as whole, that is, with above structure instead of conventional piston engine Toggle.Single-cylinder engine, in-line multi-cylinder piston engine can be made when only there is piston in one end to each connecting rod, when It just becomes V-type piston engine when being divided into two angle arrangements, just becomes opposed pistons when its connecting rod two end has piston Engine.The existing piston-engined piston arrangement form present invention is applicable.Structure gasoline engine shown in the present invention, diesel oil Machine is all generally applicable.

Description of the drawings

Below I in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, wherein：

Fig. 1 is the side view of connecting rod of the present invention and eccentric wheel cooperation；

Fig. 2 is the front view of connecting rod of the present invention and eccentric wheel cooperation；

Fig. 3 is the opposite front view for having guide rail with eccentric wheel only side of connecting rod of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the side view that connecting rod two end of the present invention has piston structure；

Fig. 5 has the side view of slide block structure between eccentric wheel of the present invention and shelves wall；

Fig. 6, which is shelves wall of the present invention, the inclined structural side view of certain angle；

Fig. 7 is the structure front view of eccentric wheel of the present invention and shelves wall mating surface male and fomale(M&F) each other；

Fig. 8 is the structure front view of present invention slider and eccentric wheel mating surface male and fomale(M&F) each other；

Fig. 9 is the structure front view of eccentric wheel of the present invention and sliding block and sliding block and shelves wall mating surface male and fomale(M&F) each other；

Figure 10 is connecting rod of the present invention and wobbler action schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is the movement schematic diagram that connecting rod of the present invention carries sliding block with eccentric wheel；

Figure 12 is that the four piston engine structure of array of the single arrangement states of single-ended four piston of homonymy of connecting rod of the present invention is faced Figure；

Figure 13 is that be connecting rod both-end have piston, the structure front view of the contraposition engine of eight piston structures to the present invention；

Figure 14 is that the present invention is connected there are two d-axis and with gear, structure chart of one of d-axis as output shaft；

Figure 15 is that the present invention is connected there are three d-axis and with gear, structure chart of one of d-axis as output shaft；

Figure 16 is d-axis there are two the present invention, another axis is output shaft and is connected and is triangularly arranged with gear Structure chart.

Specific implementation mode

I is described further structure of the invention in conjunction with attached drawing below：

It is as shown in Figures 1 and 2 the connecting rod of the present invention and eccentric wheel matching chart, wherein Fig. 1 is side view, and Fig. 2 is Front view, its main shaft as shown in the figure are the d-axis (1) of entirety, and piston (2) is to be fixedly connected or be integral with connecting rod (3)；Even It is vertical relation with guide rail (4) or piston (2) central axes to have guide rail (4) and upper and lower barricade (5), barricade (5) on bar (3)；Guide rail (4) it is that cooperation is flexibly connected with d-axis (1), reciprocally slides；There are the eccentric wheel (6) of fixed connection, eccentric wheel on d-axis (1) (6) it is in the centre of upper and lower barricade (5), is to be connected with barricade (5), it can rotation and sliding in upper and lower barricade (5).Figure Middle barricade (5) and eccentric wheel (6) contact surface are flat, and it is its form that can also have certainly.

It is illustrated in figure 3 another structure front view of connecting rod of the present invention (3), is had relative to eccentric wheel (6) only side Guide rail (4).

Being illustrated in figure 4 connecting rod (3) both ends has piston (2) since connecting rod (3) is played a supporting role and two-piston (2) is right The direction of its movement can be guided by setting, therefore can cancel guide rail this structure, and only in centre, there are the cavitys for accommodating d-axis (1) (12)。

It is illustrated in figure 5 eccentric wheel (6) and adds sliding block (8) and d-axis (1) with barricade (5) mating surface and connect with guide rail (4) Contacting surface adds sliding block (11), can increase it in this way and move the smoothness of phase mutual friction, it also can be only individually in bias certainly It takes turns (6) and installs sliding block additional with guide rail (4) contact surface with barricade (5) or d-axis (1).

Being illustrated in figure 6 barricade (5) and guide rail (4) or piston (2) central axes has the inclination of certain angle, can be 2 degree, It 3 degree, 5 degree etc., in this way can a degree of adjustment torque, power as another structure.

As Fig. 7,8,9 show eccentric wheel (6) and barricade (5)；Sliding block (8) and barricade (5)；Sliding block (8) and eccentric wheel (6) Three kinds of mating surfaces male and fomale(M&F) each other structure chart, its smoothness can be enhanced in this way, also do not limit to these types of form certainly Can be eccentric wheel (6) surface it be recessed, barricade (5) face is convex；When sliding block (8) coordinates with eccentric wheel (6), eccentric wheel (6) Face is recessed, and sliding block (8) face is convex；When sliding block (8) coordinates with barricade (5), sliding block (8) face face is recessed, and barricade (5) face is Convex, they can also have different combinations, as long as can reach smooth movement.

If Figure 10,11 are not having sliding block between eccentric wheel (6) and barricade (5) respectively and have two kinds of structures of sliding block (8) Schematic diagram is moved, motion mode is the same, will be transported according to the direction that guide rail (4) guides when piston (2) work done moves downward It is dynamic, while eccentric wheel (6), eccentric wheel (6) rotation are pushed by barricade (5), d-axis (1) also rotates therewith output power, simultaneously The inertia force of eccentric wheel (6) and flywheel is also provided, the lasting rotation of d-axis (1) and the linkage of piston (2) is realized, has been allowed to At other strokes.Sliding block (8) rear slider (8) is installed additional back and forth to transport along barricade (5) inner surface with the rotation of eccentric wheel (6) It is dynamic, contact surface can be made more smooth, to improve reliability.The direction that guide rail (4) specification moves back and forth in this way, will make piston (2) failure can be reduced by reducing the unbalanced frictional force additional to cylinder.When there are piston (2) and cylinder in connecting rod (3) both ends, that The cylinder at both ends is same beeline channel, the direction specification of guide rail (4) is not required to when piston (2) move, only by opposed gas Cylinder comes the direction of specification movement, and guide rail (4) is not required to be connected with d-axis (1), and connecting rod (3) plays a supportive role, and centre is stayed Go out to accommodate the cavity (12) of d-axis (1).

Direct-shaft engine as shown in the above Fig. is by d-axis (1), piston (2), connecting rod (3) and linkage mechanism (eccentric wheel (6), barricade (5)) etc. one basic power unit of composition replace the connecting rod crank mechanism of original engine, be several above The combination of piston connecting rod unit and linkage mechanism, is also not limited to said combination certainly, if being combined as base in the above described manner This unit can carry out single and multiunit combination and constitute a variety of different types of engines.Such as single cylinder piston engine, array The multi-cylinder piston engines such as two cylinder, three cylinders, four cylinders, five cylinders, horizontally-opposed piston engine, multi-cylinder V-type piston engine etc., Multiple parts can be thus simplified, structure is more simple.If considering balance and stability, smooth-going, durability Etc. factors can combine and constitute better engine, some arrangements and combination, original technical solution all exist, herein no longer It repeats.

Figure 12,13 are two kinds of structures of the invention, and Figure 12 is the structure type of inline four-cylinder engine, and Figure 13 is opposed eight Sliding block (8,11) also can be installed additional by the structure of Cylinder engine.

Engine shown in Figure 12 its single-ended have piston there are four connecting rod (3) and eccentric wheel (6) and connecting rod (3) are all equidirectional (2), all connecting rods (3), piston (2), cylinder in array be distributed side by side, can be arranged in this way certainly two cylinder, three cylinders, The in-line multi-cylinder engines such as five cylinders, six cylinders, eight cylinders.

In addition this single-ended structure for having piston (2) of connecting rod (3) also constitutes its piston (2), connecting rod (3) with d-axis (1) Centered on the circular cylinder multicylinder engine that is circular layout of opposed horizontally-opposed piston multicylinder engine and piston.

If the engine has multiple connecting rods (3) and eccentric wheel (6), piston (2).Connecting rod (3) is all equidirectional single-ended to be had Piston (2), cylinder and piston (2), cylinder are divided to two angular distributions that can become V-type piston engine.

It there are four connecting rod (3) and eccentric wheel (6) and connecting rod (3) both ends has piston (2) with engine shown in Figure 13, owns The coplanar distribution in pairs of piston (2), cylinder.Certainly it is also arranged so that two cylinder, four cylinders, six cylinders, twelve-cylinder etc. in this way Share the horizontally-opposed multicylinder engine of connecting rod.

Circular cylinder multicylinder engine can also be formed if it is shared if the piston (2) of connecting rod (3) is to be circular layout.

In addition to the stability of enhancing structure can add fixed ring (9) on d-axis (1) close to the position of connecting rod (3).

In addition the axle bed that several supports can be provided on body, fix d-axis (1), be connected with bearing shell, axle bush covers etc., It is fixed.Its equilibrium is arranged in the body position vacant relative to d-axis (1), this is identical as traditional main shaft fixed form.

It, will be with gear combination phase when this direct-shaft engine is multiple d-axis (1,13,14) as shown in Figure 14,15,16 Even, it selects one of d-axis for output shaft or in addition installation output shaft (15) is equally connected with gear combination.This certain hair It is bright to be not limited to several d-axis combinations shown in upper figure, by actual demand, can there are more combinations, arrangement mode.Relatively With original crank-axle engine, this direct-shaft engine structure is simpler, so multiple d-axis, which will be arranged, to be more prone to, is more easy in this way Promote power to weight ratio.

From above-mentioned more it can be seen from the figure thats, at least one d-axis (1) of the direct-shaft engine；On d-axis (1) at least There are piston (2), connecting rod (3) phase in one fixed eccentric wheel (6) and connecting rod in combination (3), at least one end of connecting rod (3) two For eccentric wheel (6) two sides, there is guide rail (4) at least side.In addition there is inlet and outlet dress on the corresponding cylinder of each piston (2) It sets, fueller, igniter (gasoline engine is applicable in, and diesel engine is not applicable) etc..

Claims

1. a kind of d-axis piston engine comprising body, piston, cylinder, main shaft, connecting rod, air inlet-and-exhaust device, fueller Deng being characterized in that：Main shaft is the d-axis (1) of entirety；Piston (2) is fixed connection with connecting rod (3) or is integral；Connecting rod (3) On the upper and lower barricade (5) that has guide rail (4) and be mutually parallel；Guide rail (4) on the connecting rod (3) connects with d-axis (1) cooperation activity It connects, reciprocally slides；Barricade (5) is vertical relation with guide rail (4) or piston (2) central axes；There is fixed connection on its d-axis (1) Eccentric wheel (6)；Eccentric wheel (6) is between upper and lower barricade (5) to be connected.

2. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that：Its at least one d-axis (1)；The d-axis (1) at least one fixed eccentric wheel (6) on；There is piston (2) in connecting rod (3) both ends at least one end, when connecting rod (3) only one end has Guide rail (4) and d-axis (1) are mobilizable mating connection when piston (2)；Connecting rod (3) relative eccentric wheel (6) two sides at least one There is guide rail (4) in face.

3. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Have between eccentric wheel (6) and barricade (5) Sliding block (8)；There is sliding block (11) between d-axis (1) and guide rail (4).

4. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Have on connecting rod (3) and coordinates with d-axis (1) Guide rail (4) or have the cavity (12) of receiving d-axis (1).

5. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Barricade (5) and guide rail (4) or piston (2) Central axes are non-perpendicular relationship, there is the inclination of certain angle.

6. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Barricade (5) and eccentric wheel (6) contact surface It can matched male and fomale(M&F) each other；Sliding block (8) is individually or all each other with eccentric wheel (6) contact surface with barricade (5) and sliding block (8) Matched male and fomale(M&F).

7. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：When having multiple connecting rods (3) and eccentric wheel (6) and connecting rod (3) is all equidirectional single-ended when having piston (2), divides side by side in array for all connecting rods (3), piston (2), cylinder The in-line multi-cylinder piston engine of cloth；When having multiple connecting rods (3) and eccentric wheel (6), be all connecting rods (3), piston (2), Cylinder is divided to the V-type multi-cylinder piston engine of two angular distributions；When having multiple connecting rods (3) and eccentric wheel (6) and connecting rod (3) both ends When having piston (2), be all pistons (2), cylinder coplanar distribution in pairs opposed multi-cylinder piston engine.

8. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：There is the axis of fixed d-axis (1) on body Seat；Fixed ring (9) is provided on d-axis (1).

9. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, is characterized in that：It has multiple d-axis (1,13,14), wherein One axis is output shaft, is connected with gear combination.

10. d-axis piston engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, is characterized in that：It has multiple d-axis (1,13), and in addition one A axis (15) is output shaft, is connected with gear combination.