CN108729733A - A kind of permafrost region transmission tower intelligence repair system - Google Patents
A kind of permafrost region transmission tower intelligence repair system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108729733A CN108729733A CN201810738266.4A CN201810738266A CN108729733A CN 108729733 A CN108729733 A CN 108729733A CN 201810738266 A CN201810738266 A CN 201810738266A CN 108729733 A CN108729733 A CN 108729733A
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- Prior art keywords
- anchoring
- correcting machine
- automatic correcting
- transmission pole
- automatic
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010042618 Surgical procedure repeated Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002837 heart atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2284—Means for adjusting the orientation of the post or pole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2207—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used
- E04H12/2215—Sockets or holders for poles or posts not used driven into the ground
Abstract
The present invention designs power grid electric pole and is laid with field, specially a kind of permafrost region transmission tower intelligence repair system；Transmission pole fractures caused by solving the problems, such as seasonal frozen soil region when unfreezing causes the deformation of foundation soil otherness excessive；Including：Transmission pole, it leaks outside in being equipped with solar panel on surface layer on transmission pole, the transmission pole bottom end being placed in Seasonal analysis is fixed with hollow cavity and counterweight room, hollow chamber is used for fixed in position intelligence spirit level, intelligent spirit level is connect with external intellect controller by conducting wire, simultaneously in Seasonal analysis, it is embedded that there are three automatic correcting machine systems, each automatic correcting machine system is connect by parallel way with intellect controller, it is respectively equipped with correction reinforcing bar, the other end for reinforcing bar of rectifying a deviation is fixedly connected on transmission pole；It has the beneficial effect that：By using triangle intelligent balance system so that in seasonal frozen soil region, inbuilt transmission pole is eliminated freeze thawing and influenced, and keeps the stability of transmission pole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs power grid electric pole and is laid with field, specially a kind of permafrost region transmission tower intelligence repair system.
Background technology
The power engineering people's livelihood engineering one of important as China, plays very important work during national development
With.Power Transmission is the important link contacted between power plant and residential electricity consumption.Current power Transmission is mainly with cable conveying
It is main, including seabed cable, underground cables and earth's surface shaft tower cable etc..In the conveying of shaft tower cable, the stability of tower structure with
And the stability of column foot is most important for the safety of power Transmission.Tower structure passes through armored concrete cylindricality shaft tower and steel
The modes such as frame is hinged have obtained preferable solution.
The stability of pole and tower foundation is restricted, including height with the extension of transmission line of electricity by various complex geological conditions
The building of mountain Canyon Area pole and tower foundation, the building of permafrost region pole and tower foundation, pole and tower foundation builds in desert.Wherein permafrost region
The problem of pole and tower foundation encounters in building is more, after seasonal frozen soil region pole and tower foundation is built, due to freezing-thawing repeated action
Cause pole and tower foundation deformation serious, causes top transmission of electricity concrete wire pole wide-angle tilt occur, or even topple over.To China northeast
The transmission of electricity safety in area, Xinjiang and Structure Dynamics In The Qinghai-tibet Region constitutes a serious threat.Current season permafrost region, transmission pole is mainly with straight
Based on connecing in embedment soil layer, only make some simple processing, frost zone layer thickness is deep commonly greater than the buried depth of line bar in addition
Degree, what Frozen-thawed cycled effect generated is affected.
There are mainly two types for the treatment of measures used at present：1. by the way that two transmission poles are taken at top at an angle
It connects, the form that bottom is opened at an angle is buried in the earth influence to eliminate unfreezing to line bar；2. single line bar embedment
After in soil, concrete pier base is set in transmission pole bottom or the mound of certain altitude is set to eliminate unfreezing pair in earth's surface
The influence of transmission pole stability.Wherein, it opens be buried in the earth at an angle by overlap joint, bottom at the top of two transmission poles
Method to eliminate freeze thawing influence mitigates freeze thawing influence by changing transmission pole structure type, but since both threads bar buries
In Seasonal analysis, the seasonal freezing-thawing action can cause both threads bar overall deformation, and then whole system is caused to tilt very
To toppling over；In addition, easily there is transmission pole when being deformed between two transmission poles when otherness is larger under the influence of unfreezing
Breakage phenomenon, the harm bigger of generation.
And it is another by eliminating freeze thawing shadow in single transmission pole earth's surface mound or setting line bar root concrete pier base
Loud method, for mound due to being located at Seasonal analysis top, it is strong that directly effect and the indirectly-acting of freeze thawing influence the heap soil body
It spends, after strength deterioration, line bar stability can be affected by.The method of concrete pier base is arranged due to entire in transmission pole bottom
Structure is located in Seasonal analysis, and frozen soil layer is freezing and under ablation procedure repeated action, is being also easy to produce whole large deformation, and temperature
The fluctuation of degree causes temperature in concrete structure body to become larger with the surrounding frozen soil layer temperature difference opposite sex, causes concrete structure
Aggravate with the mutual heat exchange of surrounding soil, accelerates the destruction process of concrete structure, influence the stability of later stage transmission pole.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of automatic repair systems of permafrost region shaft tower, solve seasonal frozen soil region since unfreezing is drawn
Rise the deformation of foundation soil otherness it is excessive when caused transmission pole fracture problem；Seasonal frozen soil region Frozen-thawed cycled is solved simultaneously to make
It is integral inclined or the problems such as topple over lower caused transmission pole.By using triangle intelligent balance system so that in seasonality
The inbuilt transmission pole of permafrost region, which eliminates freeze thawing, to be influenced, and the stability of transmission pole is kept.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is specific as follows：
A kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower, including：Transmission pole 1, it is below that transmission pole 1 is embedded in earth's surface 2 in advance
In Seasonal analysis 20, it is characterised in that：The leakage on transmission pole 1 on surface layer 2 in being equipped with solar panel
3,1 bottom end of transmission pole being placed in Seasonal analysis 2 is fixed with hollow cavity 4 and counterweight room 5, and hollow chamber is pacified for fixed
Intelligent spirit level 6 is set, intelligent spirit level 6 is connect with external intellect controller 7 by conducting wire, while in frost zone
In layer 20, centered on transmission pole 1, it is automatic to be embedded with the anchoring of the first anchoring automatic correcting machine system 8, second in three-legged structure
Rectification machine system 9 and third anchoring automatic correcting machine system 10, first the 8, second anchoring of anchoring automatic correcting machine system are entangled automatically
Inclined machine system 9 and third anchoring automatic correcting machine system 10 are connect by parallel way with intellect controller 7, the first anchoring
Automatic correcting machine system 8, second anchors and is equipped with correction in automatic correcting machine system 9 and third anchoring automatic correcting machine system 10
The other end of reinforcing bar 11, correction reinforcing bar 11 is fixedly connected on transmission pole 1.
The solar panel 3 by power cord be intellect controller 7, first anchor automatic correcting machine system 8,
Second anchoring automatic correcting machine system 9 and third anchoring automatic correcting machine system 10 provide electric power.
The first anchoring automatic correcting machine system 8, second anchors automatic correcting machine system 9 and third anchors automatic deviation correction
10 structure of machine system is identical, by 15 groups of warehouse in deviation-rectifying system 12, anchoring adjustment frame 13, adapter 14 and intelligent steering system
At anchoring adjustment frame 12 is installed on 12 bottom of warehouse in deviation-rectifying system, and intelligent steering system 15 is by adapter 14 and correction
12 top connection of warehouse in system.
Correction reinforcing bar selection system 16 and automatic correcting machine control system 18 are installed in the deviation-rectifying system in warehouse 12,
Correction reinforcing bar selection system 16 with equipped with reinforcing bar intelligent recognition device 17 corresponding correction reinforcing bar is identified, automatic correcting machine
Intelligence computation balancer 19 is equipped in control system 18.
Leading block 20 is installed in the adapter 14 and deviation-rectifying system between warehouse 12.
The anchoring adjustment frame 13 is embedded in permafrost 22.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：1, this system can be passed through by providing a kind of automatic repair system of transmission pole
The triangle stability principle of inside setting is adjusted in time after being tilted to shaft tower, allows shaft tower that can realize autobalance, really
The safety and stability of transmission pole is protected.
2, this system can effectively solve to occur after seasonal frozen soil region transmission pole is influenced due to frozen soil layer unfreezing
It tilts and topples over, and realize the automatic business processing of constitutional balance adjustment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is triangle balance regulation system schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is anchoring adjustment system installation structure schematic diagram；
As shown in the figure：Transmission pole 1, earth's surface 2, solar panel 3, hollow cavity 4, counterweight room 5, intelligent spirit level 6,
Intellect controller 7, first anchors automatic correcting machine system 8, second and anchors automatic correcting machine system 9, third anchoring automatically
Rectification machine system 10, correction reinforcing bar 11, deviation-rectifying system inside warehouse 12, anchoring adjustment frame 13, adapter 14, intelligent steering system
15, correction reinforcing bar selection system 16, reinforcing bar intelligent recognition device 17, automatic correcting machine control system 18, intelligence computation balancer 19,
Leading block 20, Seasonal analysis 21, permafrost 22.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and pass through specific embodiment further instruction technical scheme of the present invention：
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 1, intelligent spirit level 6 is mainly to intelligent its principle that converts of line bar gradient progress in figure：Spirit level inclines
After tiltedly, spirit level air entrapment position will change, and bottom laser displacement tracker will be inclined to line bar according to tracking result
The angle of shifting converts, and according to y=ax+b, a and b is design factor in formula, and y is angle of inclination, and x is spirit level offset,
Intelligent spirit level can calculate the angle of inclination of line bar accordingly.After conversion is transferred data to by intellect controller 7
One anchoring automatic correcting machine system 8, second anchors automatic correcting machine system 9 and third anchoring automatic correcting machine system 10.First
Anchoring automatic correcting machine system 8, second anchors automatic correcting machine system 9, third anchoring automatic correcting machine system 10 is rectified a deviation,
It is rectified a deviation using triangular system, deviating correcting principle is：After line bar run-off the straight, bottom triangle equilibrium system intermediate cam
What the part side of shape was subject to, which widen, sharply increases, and the pulling force on part side then strongly reduces, and Atria side is then located when starting
In equilibrium state, respectively possess the value of thrust of oneself, dynamic balance correction carried out according to each automatic correcting machine system of force balance principle,
And the angle calculated in intelligent level instrument meter is mutually authenticated, and reaches complete line bar correction.The moment controls with intelligent acquisition in correction
Device 7 is kept in communication, until 6 data of intelligent spirit level restore normal.Arm's length standard value：Two base angle of triangle is equal.When balance quilt
Start to start entire repair system after breaking.Solar panel 3 mainly gives each automatic correcting machine system and intelligent acquisition control
Device 7 processed provides power supply, built-in radio transmission antenna in intellect controller 7, even if adjustment information is transmitted to indoor calculating
Machine terminal, the information that engineering staff can be obtained by terminal differentiates the operation situation of transmission pole, while knowing intelligence
The operating status of deviation-rectifying system can solve in time after failure.High-density concrete, totality are filled in bottom weight room 5
Weight is more than line bar weight.In intelligent Correction System work, bottom can keep rotating and slide, and then can be to avoid power transmission line
1 adjustment amplitude of bar is excessive and generates breakage phenomenon.
First anchoring automatic correcting machine system 8, second anchors automatic correcting machine system 9, third anchoring automatic correcting machine system
The structure of system 10 is identical, as shown in figure 3, by warehouse in deviation-rectifying system 12, anchoring adjustment frame 13, adapter 14 and automated steering
System 15 forms.Each anchoring automatic correcting machine system is anchored entirely through bottom anchor adjustment frame 13 and permafrost 22, is kept away
Exempt from itself generation position in rectification machine work to move, influences transmission pole rectifying effect.Installation in warehouse 12 in deviation-rectifying system
Have a correction reinforcing bar selection system 16 and automatic correcting machine control system 18, correction reinforcing bar selection system 16 with equipped with reinforcing bar intelligence
Corresponding correction reinforcing bar is identified in identifier 17, and intelligence computation balancer 19 is equipped in automatic correcting machine control system 18.
Top intelligent steering system 15 can need appropriate rotation, cooperation rectification machine to carry out rectification work according to adjustment.Automatic correcting machine control
The transmission pole tilt data that the intelligent spirit level 6 that system 18 processed mainly receives to transmit from intellect controller 7 acquires.Intelligence
Energy spirit level 6 mainly acquires each side value of thrust F of line bar inclination angle value and bottom triangle system acquisition, according to above-mentioned
Data carry out correction operation.By the identification to data, be converted into specific correction amount, at the same determine specific correction sequence and
It determines correction reinforcing bar, and sends data to intelligence computation balancer 19, by data after the calculating analysis of intelligence computation balancer 19
Continue to be transmitted to reinforcing bar intelligent recognition device 17, which determines the specific correction reinforcing bar between adjacent triangle, then repair
Real-time data transmission to intellect controller 7 is identified by data line during correction for system starts, correction
System stops after work, keeps equilibrium state.
Concrete operation step is：1. transmission pole disturbs once being acted on by frozen soil Frozen-thawed cycled in Seasonal analysis
And after generating inclination, intelligent repair system starts.Intelligent spirit level is by the data transmissions such as the angle of inclination of acquisition to intelligent acquisition
In controller.
2. after intellect controller analysis, each automatic correcting machine system is sent data to, the system is to data analysis
The concrete order rectified a deviation in correction amount and specific balance system is determined afterwards, then starts rectification work.
3. in rectification work, each automatic correcting machine system time is kept in communication with intelligent acquisition control system, until correction
Work terminates.During being somebody's turn to do, data are sent to power department terminal by intellect controller by Wireless Transmitter,
It is checked for engineer's analysis.
4. after rectification work, which keeps Equilibrium.Three triangle moment keep Equilibrium and phase
Have a good balance between mutually, line bar bottom weight ensure that the bottom degree of freedom in line bar adjustment, but due to weight compared with
It is big again will not line bar topple over.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower, including：Transmission pole, transmission pole are embedded in earth's surface seasonality below in advance
In frozen soil layer, it is characterised in that：The leakage is placed in seasonality in being equipped with solar panel on surface layer on transmission pole
Transmission pole bottom end in frozen soil layer is fixed with hollow cavity and counterweight room, and hollow chamber is used for fixed in position intelligence spirit level, intelligence
Energy spirit level is connect with external intellect controller by conducting wire, while in Seasonal analysis, being with transmission pole
Center is embedded with the first anchoring automatic correcting machine system, the second anchoring automatic correcting machine system and third in three-legged structure and anchors
Automatic correcting machine system, the first anchoring automatic correcting machine system, the second anchoring automatic correcting machine system and third anchoring are entangled automatically
Inclined machine system is connect by parallel way with intellect controller, and the first anchoring automatic correcting machine system, the second anchoring are automatic
It is equipped with correction reinforcing bar in rectification machine system and third anchoring automatic correcting machine system, the other end for reinforcing bar of rectifying a deviation is fixedly connected on
On transmission pole.
2. a kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The solar cell
Plate by power cord be intellect controller, the first anchoring automatic correcting machine system, the second anchoring automatic correcting machine system and
Third anchors automatic correcting machine system and provides electric power.
3. a kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First anchoring is certainly
Dynamic rectification machine system, the second anchoring automatic correcting machine system are identical with third anchoring automatic correcting machine system structure, are by correction
Warehouse, anchoring adjustment frame, adapter and intelligent steering system composition, anchoring adjustment frame are installed on warehouse bottom in deviation-rectifying system in system
Portion, intelligent steering system at the top of adapter and warehouse in deviation-rectifying system by connecting.
4. a kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In the deviation-rectifying system
Correction reinforcing bar selection system and automatic correcting machine control system is installed in warehouse, correction reinforcing bar selection system with equipped with reinforcing bar
Corresponding correction reinforcing bar is identified in intelligent recognition device, and intelligence computation balancer is equipped in automatic correcting machine control system.
5. a kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The adapter with entangle
Leading block is installed between warehouse in inclined system.
6. a kind of automatic repair system of permafrost region shaft tower according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The anchoring adjustment frame
It is embedded in permafrost.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810738266.4A CN108729733B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | Intelligent repairing system for transmission tower in frozen soil area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810738266.4A CN108729733B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | Intelligent repairing system for transmission tower in frozen soil area |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108729733A true CN108729733A (en) | 2018-11-02 |
| CN108729733B CN108729733B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
Family
ID=63925848
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810738266.4A Active CN108729733B (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2018-07-06 | Intelligent repairing system for transmission tower in frozen soil area |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114016393A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Pier retention system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3579936A (en) * | 1968-05-29 | 1971-05-25 | Gustav Mattias Andersson | Pole base providing adjustability for angular axial alignment of the pole |
| KR101019734B1 (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2011-03-08 | (주)한국에스코 | Apparatus for adjusting post position and direction of iron tower |
| CN103437385A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-12-11 | 国家电网公司 | Transmission iron tower tilt rectification method |
| CN103696614A (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2014-04-02 | 国家电网公司 | Power transmission line tower inclination detection and correction system |
| CN203668981U (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Power transmission line iron tower inclination detecting and lifting system in geological subsidence area |
| CN105484557A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-13 | 国家电网公司 | Restoration device for inclined telegraph pole |
| CN208918393U (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-05-31 | 内蒙古大学 | A kind of permafrost region transmission tower intelligence repair system |
-
2018
- 2018-07-06 CN CN201810738266.4A patent/CN108729733B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3579936A (en) * | 1968-05-29 | 1971-05-25 | Gustav Mattias Andersson | Pole base providing adjustability for angular axial alignment of the pole |
| KR101019734B1 (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2011-03-08 | (주)한국에스코 | Apparatus for adjusting post position and direction of iron tower |
| CN103437385A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-12-11 | 国家电网公司 | Transmission iron tower tilt rectification method |
| CN103696614A (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2014-04-02 | 国家电网公司 | Power transmission line tower inclination detection and correction system |
| CN203668981U (en) * | 2013-12-01 | 2014-06-25 | 国家电网公司 | Power transmission line iron tower inclination detecting and lifting system in geological subsidence area |
| CN105484557A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-13 | 国家电网公司 | Restoration device for inclined telegraph pole |
| CN208918393U (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-05-31 | 内蒙古大学 | A kind of permafrost region transmission tower intelligence repair system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114016393A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Pier retention system |
| CN114016393B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-08-22 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Pier retention system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108729733B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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