CN108728761B - High-antibacterial-performance austenitic stainless steel applied to bathroom equipment - Google Patents
High-antibacterial-performance austenitic stainless steel applied to bathroom equipment Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide an austenitic stainless steel material with high antibacterial performance applied to sanitary equipment and a preparation method thereof, and the austenitic stainless steel material can effectively resist high-concentration bacteria (> (4-5) × 10) in a solid solution and aging heat treatment state6CFU/mL), significantly reducing the risk of corrosion by bacterial microorganisms induced in use by austenitic stainless steels, whose chemical composition is Cr: 18.0-20.0; ni: 8.0-10.5; cu: 2.0-4.0; ga 0.5-2.0; n: 0.1-0.16; c is less than or equal to 0.03; si is less than or equal to 0.75; mn is less than or equal to 2.0; p is less than or equal to 0.045; s is less than or equal to 0.03; the balance being Fe. The high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel can be widely applied to sanitary equipment materials containing high-concentration bacteria, and particularly relates to parts and equipment such as water pipes, faucets, showers, door frames, shelves, multi-groove water tanks and the like in the sanitary equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of austenitic stainless steel materials, in particular to high-antibacterial-performance austenitic stainless steel applied to bathroom equipment materials and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Modern sanitary equipment has widely used stainless steel as the material of spare parts, and the advantage of this kind of material is elegant appearance, and corrosion resistance is good, and processing is simple and easily shaping. Meanwhile, the closed function of the device can also prevent liquid from permeating or seeping, and the device is widely applied to parts or appliances such as water pipes, shower heads, storage racks, object supporting pull rods, door frames and the like in bathroom equipment. However, as the living standard of people is increasingly improved, the sanitation management of bacteria prevention, bacteria resistance and virus resistance becomes a very concern of the current society, after the traditional stainless steel is used for a long time, microorganisms grow on the surface of stainless steel sanitary equipment or inside a pipe where liquid flows, even if the surface of the stainless steel sanitary equipment or the inside of the pipe is cleaned externally or internally, part of the microorganisms cannot be removed, the residual microorganisms form large bacterial communities after a certain time, and at the moment, the large-area corrosion of the stainless steel sanitary equipment is caused, and the quality of water inside a water pipe is influenced. The traditional mode for preventing the propagation of bacterial microorganisms is to use bactericides, but the bactericides applied to stainless steel sanitary equipment have two defects, one is used as the sanitary equipment, the bactericides are difficult to be applied to equipment directly contacting with human bodies, and the use cost of the bactericides is high, so that the economic problem is caused. Therefore, the preparation of the metal material with the antibacterial function becomes a hot problem.
The antibacterial functional metal material is produced by adding some metal elements with antibacterial effect and then performing special heat treatment to make stainless steel generate antibacterial property, is a green antibacterial material with structural and functional characteristics, and has become a focus of attention of bacterial microorganism research workers. However, the current application of the stainless steel with antibacterial function has two application limitations, as shown in fig. 1: (a) for bacteria with concentration lower than (1-2) × 105The killing time of CFU/mL of low-concentration bacterial microorganisms is as long as 24 hours; (b) for bacteria with concentration higher than (1-2) × 106The sterilization rate of CFU/mL high-concentration bacterial microorganisms cannot reach more than 90%.
It is known that 304LN austenitic stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel containing high Cr and high Ni, and has a single austenitic structure under sufficient solid solution conditions. In addition, a dense passive film is formed on the surface of the 304LN austenitic stainless steel due to its high content of Cr element, so that the 304LN austenitic stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance under atmospheric conditions, and has been widely used for stainless steel structural members, bolts, water pipes, water tanks, and stainless steel appliances for civil use and the like. Researches show that 304LN austenitic stainless steel adopted by sanitary equipment has bacterial microorganisms due to the moisture of the using environment, and the long-term stable existence can cause strong corrosive damage, so that the microbial corrosion behavior is widely concerned. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the 304LN-Cu austenitic stainless steel with antibacterial function for the construction environment containing bacterial microorganisms, but because the bacterial concentration in the application environment of part of sanitary and bath equipment is high, the influence of the limitation of the current antibacterial functional stainless steel is received, and it is an effective method to provide the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance and the preparation method thereof.
Based on the above background, if a 304LN austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance can be developed, not only can the propagation of high concentration bacteria be effectively and rapidly inhibited, but also the corrosion resistance requirement under the using environment of the sanitary ware can be ensured. Therefore, in the use of the sanitary equipment, the use of the new material is beneficial to the improvement of the service time of the sanitary equipment under the condition of high environmental bacteria concentration.
Therefore, the 304LN austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance applied to sanitary equipment and the preparation method thereof are provided, the existing problems are solved to a great extent, and a certain positive effect is played on the market applicability of the austenitic stainless steel in sanitary equipment products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an austenitic stainless steel material with high antibacterial performance and a preparation method thereof, and the material can effectively resist high-concentration bacteria (> (4-5) × 10) in a heat treatment state of solid solution and aging6CFU/mL), significantly reducing the risk of bacterial microbial corrosion induced in the austenitic stainless steel during use. According to the invention, the Ga element is added, and a heat treatment method combining solid solution and aging is supplemented, so that the austenitic stainless steel has high antibacterial performance, and can be widely applied to bathroom equipment materials containing high-concentration bacteria, in particular to parts and equipment such as water pipes, faucets, showers, door frames, storage racks, multi-groove water tanks and the like in bathroom equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr: 17.0-21.0; ni: 7.0-11.0; cu: 1.0-4.5; 0.2 to 3.0 portions of Ga; n is less than or equal to 0.2; c is less than or equal to 0.03; si is less than or equal to 0.75; mn is less than or equal to 2.0; p is less than or equal to 0.045; s is less than or equal to 0.03; the balance being Fe. Preferred chemical compositions are: cr: 18.0-20.0; ni: 8.0-10.5; cu: 2.0-4.0; ga 0.5-2.0; n: 0.1-0.16; c is less than or equal to 0.03; si is less than or equal to 0.75; mn is less than or equal to 2.0; p is less than or equal to 0.045; s is less than or equal to 0.03; the balance being Fe.
The Ga element in the invention is an important alloy element in the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel, and is a necessary condition for ensuring that stainless steel sanitary equipment has an antibacterial function on high-concentration bacteria, and the Ga element can disturb metabolism of cells, inhibit continuous growth of the cells, and finally cause apoptosis of the cells. The metabolic interference caused by Ga ions in fast growing cells, such as bacterial cells, is quite significant. Ga ions in tests of in vitro infections and animal model infections, it was found that there were active traces of Ga ions in a variety of bacterial pathogens, as well as biofilm-forming bacteria. In addition, Ga ions are more effective against bacteria using aerobic metabolism, and the killing effect against facultative anaerobes is slightly reduced. Meanwhile, since the Ga element also has an effective function of killing bacteria, the growth of other bacteria which do not take Fe ions as nutrients can be inhibited.
In conclusion, the Ga content of the stainless steel of the invention is 0.2-3.0 in percentage by weight; the preferable composition is 0.5-2.0 to ensure that the Ga element can be fully dissolved in the matrix through solution treatment under the heat treatment conditions of solution treatment and aging treatment, and after certain time of aging treatment, supersaturated Ga can be separated out from the steel to form enough Fe3In the contact process of the Ga phase and the bacteria formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the stainless steel material of the bathroom equipment, the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel can continuously release Ga ions and has a synergistic effect with Cu ions so as to greatly improve the antibacterial performance of the stainless steel.
Different from the preparation method of the traditional antibacterial 304LN-Cu austenitic stainless steel, the Ga element in the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel of the invention has the melting point of 29.76 ℃, pure Ga exists in a liquid state at room temperature, so Fe-Ga alloy is adopted for smelting, and Ga is easy to volatilize at high temperature, so the volatilization amount of Ga must be considered during batching, and 1-2% of Fe-Ga alloy is added in each 50 g of smelting alloy. The preparation method of the high antibacterial performance antibacterial austenitic stainless steel containing Ga element comprises the following steps:
(1) the alloy components are sequentially added into a vacuum smelting furnace for vacuum induction smelting, and due to the volatility of Ga, Fe-Ga alloy is firstly added into the smelting furnace and placed at the bottom, and after refining at 1400-1500 ℃ for 10-20 minutes, magnetic stirring is carried out, and then casting is carried out to form a cast ingot;
(2) because of the addition of Fe-Ga alloy, the heat preservation time before forging needs to be prolonged to ensure the uniformity of components and phase structures in the austenitic stainless steel, and the homogenization annealing is carried out by adopting 1050-1100 ℃ heat preservation for 8-10 hours to forge the austenitic stainless steel into a bar-shaped or block-shaped sample;
(3) air cooling or water cooling to room temperature.
The austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance is obtained by adopting the mass ratio of the components disclosed by the invention and combining with the corresponding preparation process disclosed by the invention
The heat treatment mode of the high antibacterial property austenitic stainless steel material is a mode combining solid solution treatment and aging heat treatment, the solid solution treatment has an important effect on the homogenization of Ga element in the high antibacterial property antibacterial austenitic stainless steel, and then long-time aging treatment is carried out to ensure enough amount of Fe3Precipitation of Ga phase by Fe3The formation of Ga phase provides effective precipitation amount of Ga ions, and the antibacterial property of the stainless steel material is improved.
The solid solution temperature and the solid solution time both affect the solid solubility of the Ga element completely dissolved in the Fe matrix, so the appropriate antibacterial heat treatment regime in the present invention is: the temperature of the solution treatment is 1000-1150 ℃, the temperature is kept for 0.5-3.0h, and the water is cooled to the room temperature. Preferred solid solution temperature and solid solution time are characterized by: the temperature of the solution treatment is 1050-.
The aging temperature and the aging time can influence the size and the quantity of Ga element precipitated phases from the stainless steel, and the method is characterized in that: the temperature of the aging treatment is 500-; preferred ageing temperatures and ageing times are characterized by: the temperature of the aging treatment is 550-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5.0-7.0h, and the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature.
Therefore, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention adds Ga elementMake the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel pair more than (4-5) × 106The sterilization rate of CFU/mL high-concentration bacteria has effectiveness (more than or equal to 90 percent), and the killing action time of the bacteria is reduced.
2. The heat treatment method of the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance is an optimized heat treatment system, and the austenitic stainless steel material can effectively kill high-concentration bacteria through solid solution and aging heat treatment.
3. The high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel material can be widely applied to bathroom equipment materials containing high-concentration bacteria, and particularly can be used for water pipes, taps, showers, door frames, storage racks, multi-groove water tanks and other parts and equipment in bathroom equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the antibacterial ratio of the antibacterial functional metal material, (a) the concentration of the co-culture bacteria solution is (1-2) × 105CFU/mL, (b) concentration of co-culture bacteria liquid is more than (1-2) × 106CFU/mL。
Detailed Description
According to the chemical composition range set by the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel material, 10 kg of each high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel is forged by adopting a 15 kg vacuum induction furnace to smelt the working examples and the comparative examples, and the chemical compositions are shown in the table 1.
Table 1 main chemical composition (wt.%) of high antibacterial property austenitic stainless steel of examples and comparative examples
The detailed parameters of the solution and aging heat treatment are set according to the parameter ranges of the heat treatment method set by the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance of the invention, and are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Heat treatment Process parameters of examples and comparative examples
1. In vitro antimicrobial Performance testing
According to the relevant standard regulations of JIS Z2801 & 2000 & lt & gt antibacterial processed product & lt-antibacterial property test method & lt-antibacterial effect & gt, GB/T2591-2003 & lt antibacterial property test method & lt-antibacterial effect & gt for antibacterial plastics & lt-antibacterial property & gt, the bactericidal rate of the heat-treated austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial property after the heat treatment shown in Table 1 on common bacteria (Escherichia coli E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus S.aureus) in the building environment is quantitatively tested. Wherein the concentration of co-cultured bacteria is set to (4-5) × 106CFU/mL, the time for co-culturing the bacteria with the control sample and the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel sample was 12 hours. The results of in vitro antibacterial performance testing are shown in table 3, wherein the calculation formula of the bactericidal rate is as follows: sterilization rate (%) - (control sample viable count-high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel viable count)/control sample viable count]X 100%, the viable count of the control sample is the viable count of a common austenitic stainless steel sample subjected to bacterial culture, and the viable count of the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel is the viable count of the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel subjected to bacterial culture after heat treatment.
2. Corrosion resistance
And the corrosion resistance test is analyzed through a salt spray corrosion experiment, and whether the corrosion resistance test passes the salt spray experiment or not is judged according to the test of the national standard GB/T10125-2012 and the change of the surface macroscopic morphology after the test. The selected test material is heat treated austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance. The test results are shown in Table 3.
3. Cold formability
Since most sanitary equipment needs to be prepared by a certain cold forming technology, the performance of the sanitary equipment needs to be examined. Cold formability was analyzed by a cupping test in which a predetermined steel ball or a spherical punch was pressed against a sample in a die until the sample had a first crack, and the pressing depth (mm) was the cupping value (EI), thereby determining the punching performance of the metal material. The test was carried out according to GB/T4156-2007 (ISO 20482:2003) standard. The selected test material is heat treated austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance. The parameters used in the cupping test were: material thickness: 1mm, control load: 5kN, blank holder force: 30kN, punch speed: 7mm/min, material size: diameter 90mm, punch size: the diameter is 20 mm. The test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 relevant performance test experimental results of high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the results in table 3, the austenitic stainless steels with high antibacterial performance in examples 1 to 6 of the present invention all show excellent antibacterial performance, and simultaneously meet the use requirements of the austenitic stainless steels in the field of sanitary equipment for corrosion resistance and cold formability. The proper Ga content and the heat treatment process (solid solution and aging heat treatment) are the key points of the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel provided by the invention, which can exert antibacterial performance and present good corrosion resistance.
The solution treatment has an important influence on the performance of the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel material. Under the condition of ensuring that the aging temperature and the aging time are within the application range of the invention, the solid solution temperature is too low, harmful intermetallic phases can be generated in the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel, and the existence of the harmful intermetallic phases greatly reduces the pitting resistance potential of the material, reduces the cupping value, and seriously influences the corrosion resistance and the cold forming performance of the material (comparative example 1-1). The solution temperature is too high, which causes the overburning of the grain boundary, the coarse phenomenon of the crystal grains is obvious, the unbalanced tendency of the resistance between the crystal grains and the grain boundary is increased, the galvanic cell effect among metal elements in the alloy is caused, and the corrosion resistance of the material is reduced (comparative examples 1-2). The solid solution time is too short, so that the Ga-rich phase cannot be completely dissolved into the matrix, the corrosion resistance of the material is reduced, and the cupping value is reduced (comparative examples 1-3); too long solid solution time also causes galvanic effect, seriously damages the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance, simultaneously causes the toughness of the material to be reduced, increases the brittleness and reduces the service life of the material (comparative examples 1-4).
Ageing treatment of high antibacterial performance austeniteThe properties of bulk stainless steel materials have a significant impact. Under the condition of ensuring that the solid solution temperature and the solid solution time are within the application range of the invention, Ga can be completely dissolved into a steel matrix to form a supersaturated solid solution, and after the aging treatment, supersaturated Ga element is separated out from the steel to form enough Fe3Ga phase, so that the material has effective antibacterial effect. The aging temperature is too low, and Fe can not be separated out in enough quantity in the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance3The Ga phase ensures that the antibacterial performance of the material cannot meet the use environment of high-concentration bacteria, and the antibacterial performance is greatly reduced (comparative example 2-1). The aging temperature is too high, so that a large amount of Fe is precipitated from the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance3Ga phase, and the size of the phase increases, resulting in a decrease in corrosion resistance of the material and a decrease in cupping value (comparative example 2-2). The aging time is too short, and Fe with enough amount can not be separated out from the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance3The Ga phase is close to the material structure in the solid solution state, so that in this case, the high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel cannot obtain the excellent antibacterial performance (comparative examples 2 to 3). The aging time is too long, so that the precipitated Fe3The size of the Ga phase is rapidly increased, so that the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance is greatly reduced, and the cupping value is reduced (comparative examples 2-4).
The additive amount of Ga element in the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel has an important balance effect on the antibacterial performance and the corrosion resistance of the material, the antibacterial performance of the high antibacterial austenitic stainless steel is reduced due to no addition of Ga element or too low additive amount of Ga, and the effective antibacterial effect cannot be achieved (comparative example 3 and comparative example 4), the additive amount of Ga is too high, so that the material can be ensured to have effective antibacterial performance, but the corrosion resistance and the cold forming performance of the material are damaged, and the service life of the material is influenced (comparative example 5).
It can be seen from the above results of the examples and comparative examples that only when the Ga content, the solid solution temperature and the solid solution time, and the aging temperature and the aging time are within a certain suitable range, they complement and cooperate with each other, so that the heat-treated austenitic stainless steel with high antibacterial performance has both antibacterial function and good corrosion resistance.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The high antibacterial performance austenitic stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 17.0-21.0; ni: 7.0-11.0; cu: 1.0-4.5; ga 0.53-3.0; n is less than or equal to 0.2; c is less than or equal to 0.03; si is less than or equal to 0.75; mn is less than or equal to 2.0; p is less than or equal to 0.045; s is less than or equal to 0.03; the balance being Fe; the austenitic stainless steel can effectively resist the concentration of 4 x 106-5*106CFU/mL of high concentration bacteria;
the temperature of the solution treatment is 1000-1150 ℃, the temperature is kept for 0.5-3.0h, and the solution is cooled to the room temperature by water;
the temperature of the aging treatment is 500-.
2. The austenitic stainless steel of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition, in weight percent, is: cr: 18.0-20.0; ni: 8.0-10.5; cu: 2.0-4.0; ga 0.5-2.0; n: 0.1-0.16; c is less than or equal to 0.03; si is less than or equal to 0.75; mn is less than or equal to 2.0; p is less than or equal to 0.045; s is less than or equal to 0.03; the balance being Fe.
3. The austenitic stainless steel of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the solution treatment is 1050-.
4. The austenitic stainless steel of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the aging treatment is 550-650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5.0-7.0h, and the air cooling is carried out to the room temperature.
5. A method of producing an austenitic stainless steel of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
(1) sequentially adding the alloy components into a vacuum smelting furnace for vacuum induction smelting, refining at 1400-1500 ℃ for 10-20 minutes, magnetically stirring, and casting into ingots;
(2) carrying out heat preservation at 1050-;
(3) air cooling or water cooling to room temperature.
6. Use of the austenitic stainless steel according to claim 1 or 2 as a material for sanitary ware.
7. Use of austenitic stainless steel according to claim 6 as material for sanitary equipment, characterized in that: the bathroom equipment is made of one or more of water pipes, faucets, showers, door frames, storage racks and water tanks.
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