CN108728659B - Method for depleting nickel slag - Google Patents

Method for depleting nickel slag Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108728659B
CN108728659B CN201810638116.6A CN201810638116A CN108728659B CN 108728659 B CN108728659 B CN 108728659B CN 201810638116 A CN201810638116 A CN 201810638116A CN 108728659 B CN108728659 B CN 108728659B
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nickel slag
nickel
slag
carbon powder
wire
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CN108728659A (en
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郭亚光
马明生
邬传谷
裴忠冶
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China ENFI Engrinering Corp
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China ENFI Engrinering Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001—Dry processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention provides a method for diluting nickel slag. The device adopted by the method comprises a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace and a wire feeding device, wherein the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace takes electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source and is provided with a nickel slag inlet, a wire feeding hole and a matte discharging hole; the nickel slag depletion method comprises the following steps: introducing nickel slag into a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace through a nickel slag inlet; feeding a carbon powder wire into the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace through a wire feeding hole by using a wire feeding device; under the action of electric heat or plasma heat, the carbon powder wire is utilized to carry out reduction and dilution treatment on the nickel slag. The process can directly feed the carbon powder line into a melt layer at the middle lower part of the slag in the furnace body, so that the carbon powder in the carbon powder line can be more fully contacted with the melt at the middle lower part of the slag to play the function of a reducing agent, and nickel oxide in the nickel slag is reduced into nickel matte under the condition of higher dilution kinetics.

Description

Method for depleting nickel slag
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a nickel slag depletion method.
Background
In the nickel smelting process in the prior art, 2-5 tons of nickel slag can be generated when 1 ton of nickel is smelted, and the content of metals such as nickel, cobalt and the like in the nickel slag is high. The nickel slag produced by different smelting processes has different nickel content, the nickel content of the nickel slag is usually 0.8-4%, in addition, part of the nickel slag also contains metals such as cobalt (Co), copper (Cu) and the like, the cobalt content is usually 0.3-2%, and the copper content is usually 0.5-2%.
At present, the domestic nickel slag is mainly subjected to a fire depletion technology, and pyrite and reducing agent lump coal are added into a high-temperature furnace to react in the fire depletion process. However, the reducing agent lump coal is easy to float on the upper part of the slag due to small specific gravity, so that most of the reducing agent is combusted to release heat, metal oxides on the middle and lower parts of the slag are difficult to contact with the reducing agent floating on the upper part, and the depletion kinetic condition is poor, so that the depletion period of the nickel slag is directly prolonged, generally 3-7 hours are needed, and the production efficiency is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a nickel slag depletion method to solve the problem of low production efficiency in the prior art when the nickel slag is treated by using a pyrogenic depletion technology.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nickel slag dilution method, which employs an apparatus including a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace and a wire feeding apparatus, wherein the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace uses electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source, and is provided with a nickel slag inlet, a wire feeding hole and a matte discharging hole; the nickel slag depletion method comprises the following steps: introducing nickel slag into a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace through a nickel slag inlet; feeding a carbon powder wire into the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace through a wire feeding hole by using a wire feeding device; under the action of electric heat or plasma heat, the carbon powder wire is utilized to carry out reduction and dilution treatment on the nickel slag.
Further, the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace is an ore-smelting electric furnace or a plasma furnace.
Further, in the step of reduction and depletion treatment, an additive is introduced into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace to participate in the reduction and depletion treatment; preferably, the additive is one or more of pyrite, sulphur and low grade nickel matte.
Furthermore, the nickel content in the nickel slag is 0.8-4 wt%, the cobalt content is 0.3-2%, and the copper content is 0.5-2%; preferably, the addition amount of the additive is 1-20% of the weight of the nickel slag; preferably, the weight of the carbon powder in the added carbon powder wire is taken as A, and the weight of the theoretical carbon blending required by the reduction of nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and copper oxide in the nickel slag is taken as B, wherein A/B is 0.8-2.0.
Furthermore, the diameter of the carbon powder wire is 10-30 mm, and the carbon powder content in the carbon powder wire is 50-98%.
Further, the carbon powder wire comprises a carbon powder core layer and a metal sheath coated on the surface of the carbon powder core layer, the metal sheath is made of iron sheet or aluminum sheet, and the thickness of the metal sheath is preferably 0.1-0.5 mm.
Further, in the step of feeding the carbon powder wire, the wire end of the carbon powder wire is placed in a melt layer in the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace, the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace to the slag layer is recorded as H, and the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace to the wire end of the carbon powder wire is recorded as H, wherein H/H is 1/3-1/2.
Furthermore, the temperature of the reduction and dilution treatment is 1200-1400 ℃, and the time is 1-3 h.
Further, nickel matte, slag and tail gas are obtained in the step of reduction and dilution treatment, and the method for diluting nickel slag also comprises the step of water quenching treatment of the slag.
Further, the nickel slag depletion method also comprises a step of post-treating the tail gas, and the post-treating step comprises the following steps: carrying out waste heat recovery treatment on the tail gas to obtain cold flue gas; and carrying out dust collection treatment on the cold flue gas.
The invention provides a nickel slag impoverishment method, which adopts a device comprising a nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace and a wire feeding device, wherein the nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace takes electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source and is provided with a nickel slag inlet, a wire feeding hole and a matte discharging port; the nickel slag depletion method comprises the following steps: introducing nickel slag into a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace through a nickel slag inlet; feeding a carbon powder wire into the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace through a wire feeding hole by using a wire feeding device; under the action of electric heat or plasma heat, the carbon powder wire is utilized to carry out reduction and dilution treatment on the nickel slag.
By utilizing the method provided by the invention, the carbon powder is fed into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace by a wire feeding process, and then the nickel slag is subjected to reduction depletion treatment by taking electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source. Compared with the traditional fire method dilution process, the method can directly feed the carbon powder into the melt layer at the middle lower part of the slag in the furnace body through the wire feeding device. This enables the carbon powder in the carbon powder line to contact with the melt in the lower part of the slag more fully, and to function as a reducing agent, so as to reduce the nickel oxide in the nickel slag into nickel matte under the condition of higher depletion kinetics (wherein a small amount of cobalt oxide and copper oxide can also be reduced into corresponding metal matte). Based on the reasons, the nickel slag depletion device provided by the invention can effectively improve the reduction depletion efficiency of nickel slag.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a nickel slag depletion apparatus employed in an embodiment in accordance with the invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace; 11. a furnace body; 12. heating the electrode; 20. a wire feeding device; 30. a waste heat recovery device; 40. a dust collecting device; 50. an additive storage bin;
a. nickel slag; b. a carbon powder wire; c. nickel matte; d. slag; e. and (4) tail gas.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
As described in the background section, the prior art has the problem of low production efficiency when the pyrometallurgical dilution technology is used for processing nickel slag.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a nickel slag impoverishment method, as shown in fig. 1, the adopted device comprises a nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace 10 and a wire feeding device 20, the nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace 10 takes electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source, and the nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace 10 is provided with a nickel slag inlet, a wire feeding hole and a matte discharging port; the nickel slag depletion method comprises the following steps: introducing the nickel slag a into a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 through a nickel slag inlet; feeding a carbon powder line b into the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 through a line feeding hole by using a line feeding device 20; under the action of electric heat or plasma heat, the carbon powder wire b is used for carrying out reduction and depletion treatment on the nickel slag a.
By utilizing the nickel slag depletion method provided by the invention, the carbon powder is fed into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace by adopting a wire feeding process, and then the nickel slag is subjected to reduction depletion treatment by taking electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source. Compared with the traditional fire method dilution process, the method can directly feed the carbon powder into the melt layer at the middle lower part of the slag in the furnace body of the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 through the wire feeding device 20. This enables the carbon powder in the carbon powder line to contact with the melt in the lower part of the slag more fully, and to function as a reducing agent, thereby reducing the nickel oxide in the nickel slag into nickel matte c (wherein a small amount of cobalt oxide and copper oxide can also be reduced into corresponding metal matte) under higher depletion kinetics conditions. Based on the reasons, the nickel slag depletion method provided by the invention can effectively improve the reduction depletion efficiency of the nickel slag, and is specifically represented as follows: can effectively shorten the depletion period of the nickel slag, and has wide applicable nickel slag range, high metal recovery rate and low content of nickel, cobalt, copper and other metals in the slag.
In a preferred embodiment, the nickel slag-depleting treatment furnace 10 is an ore-smelting electric furnace or a plasma furnace. The ore-smelting electric furnace or the plasma furnace can provide stable heat for the depletion process of the nickel slag, and the added carbon powder line can be basically and completely used as a reducing agent, so that the depletion kinetic condition can be further improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of reducing and impoverishing, an additive is simultaneously introduced into the nickel slag impoverishing furnace 10 to participate in the reducing and impoverishing; preferably, the additive is one or more of pyrite, sulphur and low grade nickel matte. The addition of the additives is beneficial to reducing the nickel matte grade in the slag and further improving the recovery rate of nickel.
The nickel slag dilution treatment is carried out based on a special wire feeding process, so that the nickel slag used in the process provided by the invention is wider, and in a preferred embodiment, the nickel content in the nickel slag is 0.8-4 wt%, the cobalt content is 0.3-2%, and the copper content is 0.5-2%.
In order to further improve the depletion efficiency of the nickel slag and the recovery rate of nickel (a small amount of other metals such as cobalt and copper), in a preferred embodiment, the additive is added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight of the nickel slag. More preferably, the weight of the carbon powder in the added carbon powder wire is taken as A, and the weight of the theoretical carbon blending required for reducing nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and copper oxide in the nickel slag is taken as B, wherein A/B is 0.8-2.0. The "theoretical carbon-added weight required for reducing nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and copper oxide in nickel slag" means the theoretical amount of carbon required for reducing these oxides to elemental metals.
The carbon powder line used in the depletion method can be a carbon powder line which is commercially available at present, and in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the carbon powder line is 10-30 mm, and the carbon powder content in the carbon powder line is 50-98%. More preferably, the carbon powder wire comprises a carbon powder core layer and a metal sheath coated on the surface of the carbon powder core layer, the metal sheath is made of iron sheet or aluminum sheet, and the thickness of the metal sheath is preferably 0.1-0.5 mm. The metal sheath can be melted at high temperature after entering the melt of the furnace body 11, or can be dissolved in slag after reacting with other metal oxides and oxidizing.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of feeding the carbon powder wire, the wire end of the carbon powder wire is placed in the melt layer in the nickel slag-depleted treatment furnace 10, the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag-depleted treatment furnace 10 to the slag layer is denoted as H, and the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag-depleted treatment furnace 10 to the wire end of the carbon powder wire is denoted as H, wherein H/H is 1/3 to 1/2. Therefore, on one hand, the carbon powder wire is more fully contacted with the melt, the dilution condition is better, and on the other hand, after the metal oxide in the middle of the molten pool completes the reduction reaction, the metal oxide can enter the bottom of the molten pool through the sedimentation effect to form a more stable nickel matte layer, so that the nickel matte can be conveniently discharged.
As mentioned above, the nickel slag depletion process based on the invention has better dynamic conditions, and can effectively shorten the depletion period. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the reduction and dilution treatment is 1200-1400 ℃ and the time is 1-3 h.
In a preferred embodiment, the step of reduction and dilution treatment obtains nickel matte c, slag d and tail gas c, and the method for nickel slag dilution further comprises the step of water quenching treatment of the slag.
In a preferred embodiment, the nickel slag depletion process further comprises the step of post-treating the tail gas, the post-treating step comprising: carrying out waste heat recovery treatment on the tail gas to obtain cold flue gas; and carrying out dust collection treatment on the cold flue gas. On the one hand, the waste heat in the tail gas can be recycled, on the other hand, the emission of particles can be reduced, and the environmental protection performance of the device is improved.
It should be noted that during the actual stripping treatment, CO or CO is formed after the reductant participates in the stripping2And a part of combustible materials can be entrained in the tail gas, and the part of combustible materials above the molten slag can also be partially combusted to provide heat for the furnace body 11.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a nickel slag dilution device, as shown in fig. 1, which includes a nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 and a wire feeding device 20, wherein the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 uses electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source, the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 is provided with a nickel slag inlet, a wire feeding hole and a matte discharging hole, the nickel slag inlet is used for introducing nickel slag a, and the matte discharging hole is used for discharging nickel matte c obtained by dilution treatment; the wire feeding device 20 is used for feeding a carbon powder wire b into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace 10 through a wire feeding hole so as to perform reduction depletion treatment on the nickel slag.
By utilizing the nickel slag depletion device provided by the invention, liquid nickel slag produced by the nickel smelting furnace can be transferred into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace 10 through a chute or a slag ladle, then a carbon powder line is fed into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace by adopting a line feeding process, and then the nickel slag is subjected to reduction depletion treatment by taking electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source. Compared with the traditional fire method dilution process, the method can directly feed the carbon powder into the melt layer at the middle lower part of the slag in the furnace body of the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 through the wire feeding device 20. This enables the carbon powder in the carbon powder line to contact with the melt in the lower part of the slag more fully, and to function as a reducing agent, so as to reduce the nickel oxide in the nickel slag into nickel matte under the condition of higher depletion kinetics (wherein a small amount of cobalt oxide and copper oxide can also be reduced into corresponding metal matte). Based on the reasons, the nickel slag depletion device provided by the invention can effectively improve the reduction depletion efficiency of nickel slag, and the specific expression is as follows: can effectively shorten the depletion period of the nickel slag, and has wide applicable nickel slag range, high metal recovery rate and low content of nickel, cobalt, copper and other metals in the slag.
In the actual dilution process, the wire feeding device 20 controls the entering speed of the carbon powder wire, and the carbon powder enters the melt and then reacts with nickel (a small amount of cobalt and copper) oxide to generate CO and CO2And the gas reduces the metal existing in the oxide state into the metal elementary substance state, and other metals such as nickel settle and are discharged from the matte discharging port. And in the process that the gas escapes from the melt, the gas can also play a role in stirring the melt, so that the metal particles can be promoted to aggregate, grow and settle, and the reduction reaction is promoted to be carried out.
In a preferred embodiment, the nickel slag-depleting treatment furnace 10 is an ore-smelting electric furnace or a plasma furnace. The ore-smelting electric furnace or the plasma furnace can provide stable heat for the depletion process of the nickel slag, and the added carbon powder line can be basically and completely used as a reducing agent, so that the depletion kinetic condition can be further improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
For the purpose of saving production cost and equipment cost, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 comprises a furnace body 11 and a heating electrode 12, a nickel slag inlet and a wire feeding hole are arranged at the top of the furnace body 11, a matte discharging hole is arranged below the side of the furnace body 11, and the furnace body 11 is also provided with an electrode hole; the heating electrode 12 extends through the electrode hole to the inside of the furnace body 11 to supply heat to the furnace body 11. In the actual operation process, the power supply supplies power to the heating electrode 12, and then the heating electrode 12 is used for supplying heat to the nickel slag system in the furnace body 11. The number of the heating electrodes 12 may be adjusted according to the capacity of the furnace body 11 and the amount of nickel slag to be processed, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
In order to facilitate the feeding operation and control the height of the feeding wire, in a preferred embodiment, the feeding holes are multiple, and the multiple feeding holes are distributed on the top of the furnace body 11. The wire feeding holes are distributed at the top of the furnace body 11, and after the carbon powder wires are fed into the wire feeding holes through the wire feeding device 20, the carbon powder wires can enter the inside of the melt under the self gravity to be contacted with the melt, and the height of the wire end can be conveniently controlled in the process. In addition, a plurality of feeding holes are arranged, so that carbon powder wires can be fed at different positions, and the dilution reduction efficiency is further improved. Preferably, the number of the feeding holes is 3-8, and the aperture of each feeding hole is 30-100 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, a slag tap is further provided in the furnace body 11 at a lower portion of the furnace body on a side opposite to the matte tap for discharging slag d produced in the reduction and dilution treatment. As shown in fig. 1, in the actual production process, in the depletion system in the furnace 11, nickel matte (containing a small amount of other metal matte) is located below, and some slag floating on the surface of the melt is located above. Therefore, the slag can be discharged through the slag tap. Preferably, the nickel slag depletion device further comprises a slag cooling device for cooling the slag d discharged from the slag tap hole. The specific cooling method can adopt a cooling form commonly used in the field, such as water quenching and the like.
In order to further improve the effect of reducing the nickel slag, in a preferred embodiment, an additive inlet is further provided at the top of the furnace body 11, and the additive inlet is used for introducing additives. The additive can be a vulcanizing agent, a trapping agent and the like, is favorable for reducing the nickel matte grade in the slag, and further improves the recovery rate of nickel.
In a preferred embodiment, the additive inlet is co-located with the nickel slag inlet. Thus, the additive and the nickel slag can be added at the same position, and the operation convenience is improved. Preferably, the nickel slag depletion apparatus further comprises an additive bin 50, the additive bin 50 being connected to the additive inlet for providing the additive.
In a preferred embodiment, the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace 10 is further provided with a tail gas outlet, the nickel slag dilution device further comprises a waste heat recovery device 30 and a dust collection device 40, the waste heat recovery device 30 is provided with a hot flue gas inlet and a cold flue gas outlet, and the hot flue gas inlet is connected with the tail gas outlet; the dust collecting device 40 is connected with the cold flue gas outlet. On the one hand, the waste heat in the tail gas e can be recycled, on the other hand, the emission of particles can be reduced, and the environmental protection performance of the device is improved.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
The nickel slag dilution device shown in figure 1 is used for diluting nickel slag, wherein the nickel slag dilution treatment furnace is shown in figure 1, three heating electrodes are arranged in the furnace body, the volume of the part of the electrodes extending into the cavity accounts for 4 percent of the total volume of the cavity,the power density of the electrode was 200kW/m2The process conditions are as follows:
adding nickel slag into the furnace, and raising the temperature of slag in the furnace to 1350 ℃; feeding a carbon powder wire (5 feeding holes are formed above a furnace body), wherein the carbon powder wire comprises a carbon powder core layer and an iron sheet coated on the surface of the carbon powder core layer, the thickness of the iron sheet is 0.1mm, the diameter of the carbon powder wire is 10mm, and the content of the carbon powder is 98%; the weight of the carbon powder in the added carbon powder wire is taken as A, and the weight of the theoretical carbon preparation required for reducing nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and copper oxide in the nickel slag is taken as B, wherein A/B is 0.8. In the wire feeding process, the wire end of the carbon powder wire is placed in a melt layer in a nickel slag depletion treatment furnace, the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace to the melt layer is recorded as H, the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace to the wire end of the carbon powder wire is recorded as H, wherein H/H is 1/3; adding pyrite into the furnace body to further capture nickel metal in the slag, wherein the adding amount is 3% of the total weight of the smelting slag; the obtained nickel matte is returned to the smelting furnace.
And (3) processing results: annually treating 20 ten thousand tons of nickel slag, wherein the nickel content of the nickel slag is 1.2 percent, the copper content is 0.95 percent, and the cobalt content is 0.76 percent; after the nickel slag is treated, the slag contains 0.10 percent of nickel, 0.23 percent of copper and 0.09 percent of cobalt; the nickel grade of the nickel matte is 23.05 percent. The nickel recovery rate of the whole system is about 95.4%, the cobalt recovery rate is about 91.5%, and the copper recovery rate is 73.8%.
Example 2
The device and process used are the same as in example 1, except that: H/H1/2.
And (3) processing results: annual treatment of 19 ten thousand tons of nickel slag, wherein the nickel content of the nickel slag is 1.2 percent, the copper content is 0.95 percent, and the cobalt content is 0.76 percent; after the nickel slag is treated, the slag contains 0.15 percent of nickel, 0.28 percent of copper and 0.12 percent of cobalt; the nickel grade of the nickel matte is 22.3%. The nickel recovery rate of the whole system is about 93.8%, the cobalt recovery rate is about 90.1% and the copper recovery rate is 70.2%.
Example 3
The device and process used are the same as in example 1, except that: H/H2/3.
And (3) processing results: 17 ten thousand tons of annual processed nickel slag contains 1.2 percent of nickel, 0.95 percent of copper and 0.76 percent of cobalt; after the nickel slag is treated, the slag contains 0.23% of nickel, 0.31% of copper and 0.15% of cobalt; the nickel grade of the nickel matte is 21.7%. The nickel recovery rate of the whole system is about 91.7%, the cobalt recovery rate is about 90.0%, and the copper recovery rate is 70.3%.
Example 4
The device and process used are the same as in example 1, except that: the adding amount of the pyrite is 5 percent of the total weight of the nickel slag, and A/B is 2.0.
And (3) processing results: annually treating 23 ten thousand tons of nickel slag, wherein the nickel content of the nickel slag is 1.0 percent, the copper content is 0.82 percent, and the cobalt content is 0.69 percent; after the nickel slag is treated, the slag contains 0.08 percent of nickel, 0.20 percent of copper and 0.07 percent of cobalt; the nickel grade of the nickel matte is 24.62%. The nickel recovery rate of the whole system is about 96.7%, the cobalt recovery rate is about 92.8% and the copper recovery rate is 76.4%.
Example 5
The device and process used are the same as in example 1, except that: the adding amount of the pyrite is 1 percent of the total weight of the nickel slag, and A/B is 0.7.
And (3) processing results: 18 ten thousand tons of annual processed nickel slag contains 1.2 percent of nickel, 0.95 percent of copper and 0.76 percent of cobalt; after the nickel slag is treated, the slag contains 0.13 percent of nickel, 0.29 percent of copper and 0.14 percent of cobalt; the nickel grade of the nickel matte is 21.00 percent. The nickel recovery rate of the whole system is about 93.0 percent, the cobalt recovery rate is about 89.4 percent, and the copper recovery rate is 70.8 percent.
Comparative example 1
The device and process used are the same as in example 1, except that: the wire feeding process is not adopted, and equal amount of carbon powder is directly added into the furnace body through the charging hole.
And (3) processing results: annually treating 12 ten thousand tons of nickel slag, wherein the nickel content of the nickel slag is 1.2 percent, the copper content is 0.95 percent, and the cobalt content is 0.76 percent; after the nickel slag is treated, the slag contains 0.25 percent of nickel, 0.59 percent of copper and 0.45 percent of cobalt; the nickel grade of the nickel matte is 16.00 percent. The nickel recovery rate of the whole system is about 81.5%, the cobalt recovery rate is about 84.2%, and the copper recovery rate is 60.3%.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
by utilizing the nickel slag depletion device provided by the invention, the carbon powder is fed into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace by adopting a wire feeding process, and then the nickel slag is subjected to reduction depletion treatment by taking electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source. Compared with the traditional fire method dilution process, the method can directly feed the carbon powder into the melt layer at the middle lower part of the slag in the furnace body through the wire feeding device. This enables the carbon powder in the carbon powder line to contact with the melt in the lower part of the slag more fully, and to function as a reducing agent, so as to reduce the nickel oxide in the nickel slag into nickel matte under the condition of higher depletion kinetics (wherein a small amount of cobalt oxide and copper oxide can also be reduced into corresponding metal matte). Based on the reasons, the nickel slag depletion device provided by the invention can effectively improve the reduction depletion efficiency of nickel slag.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The nickel slag impoverishment method is characterized in that the nickel slag impoverishment method adopts a device comprising a nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace (10) and a wire feeding device (20), wherein the nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace (10) takes electric heat or plasma heat as a heat source, and the nickel slag impoverishment treatment furnace (10) is provided with a nickel slag inlet, a wire feeding hole and a matte discharging hole; the nickel slag depletion method comprises the following steps:
introducing the nickel slag into the nickel slag depleted treatment furnace (10) through the nickel slag inlet;
feeding carbon powder wires into the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace (10) through the wire feeding holes by using the wire feeding device (20);
under the action of the electric heat or the plasma heat, the nickel slag is subjected to reduction and depletion treatment by utilizing the carbon powder wire;
recording the weight of the carbon powder added into the carbon powder wire as A, and recording the weight of theoretical carbon preparation required by reduction of nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and copper oxide in the nickel slag as B, wherein A/B = 0.8-2.0; the diameter of the carbon powder wire is 10-30 mm, and the carbon powder content in the carbon powder wire is 50-98%; the carbon powder wire comprises a carbon powder core layer and a metal sheath coated on the surface of the carbon powder core layer, the metal sheath is an iron sheet or an aluminum sheet, and the thickness of the metal sheath is 0.1-0.5 mm; in the step of feeding the carbon powder wire, the wire end of the carbon powder wire is placed in a melt layer in the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace (10), the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace (10) to the slag layer is recorded as H, and the height from the inner bottom wall of the nickel slag depletion treatment furnace (10) to the wire end of the carbon powder wire is recorded as H, wherein H/H = 1/3-1/2.
2. The nickel slag-depleting process according to claim 1, wherein the nickel slag-depleting furnace (10) is an ore-smelting electric furnace or a plasma furnace.
3. The nickel slag-depleting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in the step of the reduction-depleting, an additive is simultaneously introduced into the nickel slag-depleting furnace (10) to participate in the reduction-depleting.
4. The nickel slag depletion process according to claim 3, characterized in that the additive is one or more of pyrite, sulphur and nickel matte.
5. The method for depleting nickel slag according to claim 3, wherein the nickel slag contains 0.8 to 4wt% of nickel, 0.3 to 2 wt% of cobalt, and 0.5 to 2 wt% of copper.
6. The method for depleting nickel slag according to claim 5, wherein the additive is added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight of the nickel slag.
7. The method for depleting nickel slag according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the reductive depletion treatment is 1200 to 1400 ℃ and the time is 1 to 3 hours.
8. The nickel slag impoverishment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of reductive impoverishment results in nickel matte, slag and tail gas, and the nickel slag impoverishment method further comprises the step of water quenching the slag.
9. The nickel slag depletion process according to claim 8, further comprising a step of post-treating the tail gas, the post-treating step comprising:
carrying out waste heat recovery treatment on the tail gas to obtain cold flue gas; and
and carrying out dust collection treatment on the cold flue gas.
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