CN108277361B - Crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace - Google Patents
Crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN108277361B CN108277361B CN201810305585.6A CN201810305585A CN108277361B CN 108277361 B CN108277361 B CN 108277361B CN 201810305585 A CN201810305585 A CN 201810305585A CN 108277361 B CN108277361 B CN 108277361B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
Abstract
The invention provides a crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a charging hole, a smoke outlet, a copper discharging hole and a slag discharging hole, wherein the furnace body is internally provided with an oxidation zone and a slag discharging hole which are mutually communicatedThe primary area, the smoke outlet is arranged at the top of the furnace body, the charging opening is arranged in the oxidation area, the copper discharging opening is arranged in the reduction area, and the slag discharging opening is arranged in the oxidation area and the reduction area. By arranging the mutually communicated oxidation zone and reduction zone in the furnace, the oxidation and reduction reaction processes are carried out simultaneously during operation, the smoke gas volume is small, the operation time can be shortened, the equipment utilization rate is improved, and SO is effectively solved2The serious pollution problem caused by large smoke discharge and the problem of the cooling material of the blister copper cladding in the traditional process. Meanwhile, the smoke amount and the smoke components are stable, combustible smoke generated in the reduction region can be combusted and secondarily utilized in the oxidation region before being discharged, the waste heat of the reduced smoke is effectively utilized, and the method has the advantages of low energy consumption, environmental friendliness, small smoke amount, high production efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal metallurgy, in particular to a crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace.
Background
The pyrometallurgical process for copper generally comprises three steps of copper concentrate smelting, copper matte converting and blister copper refining. The crude copper produced by copper matte converting generally contains 98.5-99.5% of copper, and the other impurity elements comprise sulfur, oxygen, iron, arsenic, antimony, zinc, tin, lead, bismuth, nickel, cobalt and the like, and usually also contain rare metals and noble metals such as selenium, tellurium, gold, silver and the like. The impurity elements can have adverse effects on the conductivity and mechanical properties of copper, while valuable elements such as rare metals and noble metals need to be comprehensively recovered, so that the resource utilization rate is improved. The copper pyrometallurgy refers to the process of pyrometallurgy for producing blister copper by removing impurities such as sulfur, iron, lead, zinc, nickel, arsenic, antimony, tin, bismuth, oxygen and the like from mineral blister copper and secondary copper under the condition of melting and high temperature.
The fire refining of the blister copper mainly comprises two processes of oxidation and reduction. The oxidation stage is to feed an oxidant into the molten blister copper at an elevated temperature, the Cu in the melt being first oxidized to Cu2O，Cu2The O reacts with other metal impurity elements to oxidize the O, and the generated metal oxide has low solubility in the copper liquid and light specific gravity, and can quickly float out of the liquid surface to form slag and be discharged. After the oxidation is completed, the oxygen in the copper liquid is Cu when being solidified2The O is precipitated in the form and distributed on the grain boundary of Cu, which causes harm to electrolytic refining and needs reduction deoxidation. The reduction stage is to feed a reducing agent into the molten copper at a high temperature, the reducing agent and Cu in the melt2And (4) deoxidizing through an O reaction, and casting after the oxygen content in the copper liquid is reduced to a certain degree.
For the traditional crude copper fire refining process, a refining reverberatory furnace is generally adopted to treat solid copper materials or liquid crude copper, and the production process of each furnace is divided into five stages of feeding, melting of the copper materials, oxidizing of molten copper, reducing of the molten copper and casting (anode plate). Because of the inherent limitation of the reverberatory furnace type structure, the feeding speed is slow no matter manual feeding or mechanical feeding, and the fuel cost of the anode plate is high due to heat compensation in the whole process and low heat efficiency of the reverberatory furnace. After 5 stages of the traditional reverberatory furnace are finished, the operation of the next furnace stage is continued, the production rate is low, and the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace which can realize continuous smelting from crude copper to anode copper and has the advantages of low energy consumption, environmental friendliness, small smoke amount, high production efficiency and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a continuous refining furnace of blister copper pyrogenic process, includes furnace body, charge door, outlet flue, puts copper door and row's cinder notch, has the oxidation zone and the reduction zone of intercommunication each other in the furnace body, the outlet flue set up in the top of furnace body, the charge door sets up in the oxidation zone, puts the copper door and sets up in the reduction zone, arranges the cinder notch and sets up in oxidation zone and reduction zone.
Further, a partition wall is arranged between the oxidation area and the reduction area.
Further, gaps are arranged between the partition wall and the bottom of the furnace body.
Further, a gap is formed between the partition wall and the top of the furnace body.
Further, the top and/or the bottom of the oxidation zone and the reduction zone are respectively provided with an oxidation spray gun and a reduction spray gun.
Furthermore, the oxidation spray gun and the reduction spray gun are water-cooling spray guns.
Further, the oxidation spray gun and the reduction spray gun are respectively provided in plurality.
Further, the smoke outlet is positioned at the top of the oxidation area.
Further, the charging opening is positioned on the side wall and/or the top wall of the oxidation zone, and the copper discharging opening is positioned on the side wall and/or the top wall of the reduction zone.
Further, the copper discharging port is a siphon copper discharging port.
Further, one or more slag outlets are respectively arranged on the side walls of the oxidation zone and the reduction zone.
According to the crude copper fire-method continuous refining furnace provided by the invention, the oxidation area and the reduction area are arranged in the furnace at the same time, so that the heated liquid crude copper can be continuously refined in the furnace, the oxidation and reduction processes are carried out simultaneously during operation, the operation time can be shortened, meanwhile, the continuous refining furnace also has the advantage of gas combustion and reutilization in the reduction area, the energy consumption can be effectively reduced, the smoke emission amount is reduced, the pollution is reduced, and the furnace has the advantages of environmental friendliness, high automation level, high production efficiency and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a blister copper pyro-continuous refining furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of continuous refining using the pyro-continuous refining furnace for blister copper according to the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1: a furnace body;
101: an oxidation zone;
102: a reduction zone;
2: a feed inlet;
3: a smoke outlet;
4: a partition wall;
5: a copper discharge port;
61: an oxidation spray gun;
62: reducing the spray gun;
7: a slag discharge port.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below according to specific embodiments. The scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the following examples, which are set forth for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace includes a furnace body 1, a charging opening 2, a smoke outlet 3, a copper discharge opening 5 and a slag discharge opening 7, wherein the copper discharge opening 5 is preferably a siphon copper discharge opening. The furnace body 1 is internally provided with an oxidation zone 101 and a reduction zone 102 which are communicated with each other, and can simultaneously carry out oxidation and reduction processes of blister copper. The smoke outlet 3 is arranged at the top of the furnace body, the charging hole 2 is arranged on the side wall of the oxidation area 101, the copper discharging hole 5 is arranged on the side wall of the reduction area 102, the slag discharging hole 7 is arranged on the oxidation area and the reduction area, and one or more than one slag discharging holes can be arranged on the side walls of the oxidation area and the reduction area respectively according to actual needs.
The furnace body 1 is built of refractory material, and the hearth space thereof separates the oxidation zone 101 from the reduction zone 102 by a partition wall 4, i.e. the partition wall 4 is arranged between the charging oxidation zone 101 and the reduction zone 102. The partition walls 4 are fixed on the side walls of the two sides of the furnace body 1, and are not in contact with the bottom wall and the top wall of the furnace body 1, namely, a gap is formed between the partition walls 4 and the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the gap can be set to be high enough to enable the copper liquid to flow through according to actual production needs. For example, when the volume of the partition wall is height × width × length: 1100mm by 460mm by 2800mm, the gap can be set to be approximately height by width by length: 200mm by 460mm by 400 mm. Through the arrangement of the partition walls and the gaps, crude copper hot material fluid can be continuously added into the furnace, and the refining process is ensured not to be influenced by a refining working section, so that the refining process can be continuously carried out, the continuous feeding of crude copper and the continuous casting of anode copper are realized, the total operation time is shortened, and the equipment utilization rate and the production efficiency are improved.
A gap is also arranged between the partition wall 4 and the top of the furnace body 1, the gap can enable the upper part of the hearth to form a uniform gas space, so that the flue gas generated in the refining process can be collected in the upper hearth space of the furnace body 1 and is discharged from the smoke outlet 3 at the top of the furnace body 1 together, the flue gas generated in the reaction can be combined and processed, the formed flue gas components, the flue gas amount and the flue gas temperature are stable, the subsequent flue gas processing system is simple, and the waste heat can be recovered. The smoke outlet 3 is preferably arranged at the top of the oxidation area 101, more preferably arranged at the top of the side wall of the oxidation area 101, when the reduction reaction is carried out to a certain degree, the combustible gas generated in the reduction area flows through the oxidation area through the partition wall 4 and the gap at the top of the hearth, and is combusted to be utilized, the waste heat of the reduction flue gas is effectively utilized, and the energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
The oxidation lance 61 and the reduction lance 62 are respectively arranged at the top and/or the bottom of the hearth of the oxidation zone 101 and the reduction zone 102, and the oxidation lance 61 and the reduction lance 62 can be water-cooled lances and can be respectively arranged in a plurality. The oxidation lance 61 injects an oxidant, such as compressed air or oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen concentration of 21-50% by volume (V%), into the oxidation zone 101, and the oxidation depth, i.e. the content of the copper liquid, is controlled by the amount of the oxidantAn amount of oxygen. The oxygen-enriched air jet flow has high speed and is supersonic jet flow, but the flow is very small, and the flow rate of each spray gun is about 85Nm3And/h, so that the melt can be injected without causing large splashing. The reducing spray gun 62 sprays reducing agent, such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ammonia, propane, pulverized coal, heavy oil, etc., into the reducing zone 102, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is used for controlling the reducing depth, namely controlling the oxygen content of the copper liquid. An oxidant and a reductant are sprayed into the melt through a spray gun, the melt is fully stirred, the oxidizing atmosphere and the reducing atmosphere are respectively controlled by the oxidizing area 101 and the reducing area 102, the mass and heat transfer conditions are good, the utilization rate of the oxidant and the reductant is high, the automation level of the process and the device is high, and the spraying condition of the oxidant and the reductant can be automatically controlled. The oxidizing lances 61 and the reducing lances 62 are at an angle of 90 ° to the horizontal and are not normally located close to the partition wall 4 to ensure a steady flow of the melt.
The side wall and/or the top wall of the reduction zone 102 is provided with a copper discharging port 5, preferably a siphon copper discharging port, and the copper liquid after continuous refining can be continuously discharged through the copper discharging port and then subjected to a casting process. Because the casting process is not carried out in the furnace, the casting and short space-time furnace heat preservation period are not available, the flue gas waste heat is fully utilized, and the energy consumption is obviously reduced compared with the traditional operation.
The side walls of the oxidation zone 101 and the reduction zone 102 are also provided with a slag discharge opening 7, and oxidized slag generated in the oxidation process is discharged from the slag discharge opening 7 periodically. The slag discharging port 7 is usually arranged close to the partition wall 4, slag floating out of the liquid level can be discharged, so that pollution to copper liquid is avoided, and meanwhile, the slag discharging port 7 can also be used as a sampling observation port, so that an operator can observe the state of the copper liquid in the charging oxidation area 101 at any time, and the oxygen content can be monitored on line or the sampling observation can be carried out.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of continuous refining using the crude copper fire continuous refining furnace of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the crude copper fire continuous refining process includes the following steps:
step S101, continuously adding the blister copper into an oxidation zone 101 of the continuous refining furnace from a feed inlet 2, and melting to obtain copper liquid;
step S102, introducing oxidizing gas through an oxidizing spray gun 61 to oxidize the copper liquid in the furnace and oxidize impurity elements to generate oxidized refining slag;
step S103, discharging oxidized refining slag, and allowing the oxidized copper liquid to flow into the reduction zone 102 through a lower gap of the partition wall 4 of the continuous refining furnace;
step S104: reducing agent is sprayed into the reduction spray gun 62, so that the oxidized copper liquid is subjected to reduction reaction;
step S105: when the combustible gas generated in the reduction zone 102 flows through the oxidation zone 101 through the partition wall 4 of the continuous refining furnace and the top of the hearth, the combustion generates an exothermic reaction;
step S106: the reduced copper liquid flows out through the copper discharging port, and the generated smoke is discharged from the smoke outlet 3 along with the smoke in the oxidation area.
Because the oxidation zone 101 and the reduction zone 102 are communicated with each other and are in the same furnace body 1, the oxidation and reduction processes can be continuously carried out, and the continuous refining process is not influenced by the working section, thereby realizing the continuous refining of the blister copper.
In step S101, the temperature in the furnace is controlled to 1150-1250 ℃.
In step S102, the oxidizing gas injected from the oxidizing lance may be compressed air or oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen concentration of 21-50% by volume (V%). The Cu is first oxidized to form Cu2O，Cu2And then the O reacts with impurity elements (such as other metal elements) to generate oxidized refining slag which can be separated from the copper liquid, or the impurity elements are oxidized into metal oxides and then combined with the flux to form the oxidized refining slag. The oxygen-enriched air jet flow has high speed and is supersonic jet flow, and the flow rate of each spray gun is about 85Nm3The jet velocity is high, but the flow is small, so that the melt can be injected without causing large splashing.
In step S103, the oxidized refining slag is continuously or intermittently discharged through the slag discharge opening 7, and then the oxidized copper liquid flows into the reduction zone 102 through the lower gap of the partition wall 4 of the continuous refining furnace. Before the oxidized copper liquid flows into the reduction zone 102, the oxygen content in the oxidized copper liquid is controlled to be 0.5-1.0%. The oxidation depth can be controlled by the blowing amount of compressed air or oxygen-enriched air, namely the oxygen content of the copper liquid is controlled, and the oxygen content can be detected on line at the slag discharging port 7 or sampled and observed.
In step S104, a reducing agent is added to the copper bath by the reduction lance 62, and the oxidized copper bath is subjected to a reduction reaction. The reducing agent is one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ammonia, propane, pulverized coal and heavy oil, and the saturated Cu in the copper liquid2The reaction of O with a reducing agent produces Cu.
In step S105, when a reducing agent such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, etc. is continuously injected into the molten bath at a high speed through the reducing lance 61 to perform a reduction reaction, a combustible gas such as CO generated in the reducing region is combusted while passing through the oxidizing region 101, and the heat released is utilized, thereby reducing energy consumption. In addition, a reducing agent and a gas which does not react with copper, such as nitrogen or an inert gas, can be blown into the furnace together through the reducing lance 62, so that the melt is stirred, the mass and heat transfer conditions are improved, and the smelting reaction strength is enhanced.
In step S106, the reduced copper liquid continuously flows out through the copper discharging port of the reduction zone 102, and the oxygen content in the reduced copper liquid is controlled to be 0.05-0.2% before the copper liquid flows out. The generated flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 3 together with the flue gas of the oxidation zone 101. Because the oxidation reaction and the reduction reaction are continuously carried out, the reaction is continuous and stable, the smoke is continuous and stable, and the smoke volume is small, thereby solving the problems caused by large fluctuation of the smoke volume of the traditional refining furnace and different smoke components in each stage.
In conclusion, the pyro-continuous refining furnace for blister copper can realize continuous smelting from blister copper to anode copper, oxidation and reduction reaction processes are simultaneously carried out during operation, the smoke gas amount is small, the operation time can be shortened, the equipment utilization rate is improved, and SO can be effectively solved2The serious pollution problem caused by large smoke discharge and the problem of the cooling material of the blister copper cladding in the traditional process. Meanwhile, the smoke amount and smoke components are stable, combustible smoke generated in the reduction zone can be combusted and secondarily utilized in the oxidation zone before being discharged, the waste heat of the reduced smoke is effectively utilized, the casting and short-time furnace heat preservation period are avoided, and the energy consumption is obviously reduced compared with the traditional operation. In a word, the crude copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace has the advantages of low energy consumption, environmental friendliness, high automation level, high production efficiency and the like.
It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the described embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and that various other substitutions, alterations, and modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is only limited by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The pyro-continuous refining furnace for the blister copper is characterized by comprising a furnace body, a charging hole, a smoke outlet, a copper discharging hole and a slag discharging hole, wherein the furnace body is internally provided with an oxidation zone and a reduction zone which are communicated with each other;
a partition wall is arranged between the oxidation area and the reduction area; gaps are arranged between the partition wall and the bottom and the top of the furnace body;
the top of the oxidation area and the top of the reduction area are respectively provided with a plurality of oxidation spray guns and a plurality of reduction spray guns;
a first slag discharge port and a second slag discharge port are respectively arranged on the side walls of the oxidation zone and the reduction zone, and the first slag discharge port and the second slag discharge port are arranged close to the partition wall; the first slag discharge port and the second slag discharge port are used as sampling observation ports and used for detecting the oxygen content on line;
oxidizing the crude copper to form cuprous oxide in the oxidation zone, reacting the cuprous oxide with impurity elements to generate oxidized refining slag which can be separated from the copper liquid, discharging the oxidized refining slag through the first slag discharge port, and controlling the oxygen content in the oxidized copper liquid to be 0.5-1.0%;
and in the reduction zone, adding a reducing agent into the copper liquid through the plurality of reduction spray guns, reducing saturated cuprous oxide in the copper liquid to obtain copper, and controlling the oxygen content in the reduced copper liquid to be 0.05-0.2%.
2. The blister copper pyro continuous refiner of claim 1, wherein said plurality of oxidizing lances and plurality of reducing lances are water cooled lances.
3. The blister copper pyro continuous refiner of claim 1, wherein said smoke outlet is located at the top of said oxidation zone.
4. The blister copper pyro continuous refiner of claim 1, wherein said charging port is located on a side wall and/or a top wall of said oxidation zone and said copper tap is located on a side wall and/or a top wall of said reduction zone.
5. The blister copper pyro-continuous refining furnace of claim 1, wherein the copper tap is a siphon copper tap.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4127408A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1978-11-28 | Klockner Humboldt Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the continuous refinement of contaminated copper in the molten phase |
| JPH0693351A (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-04-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Production of tough pitch copper |
| CN105039738A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-11 | 王泊远 | Crude copper fire refining furnace and process |
| CN204918717U (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-30 | 王泊远 | Thick copper fire refining stove |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2173820B (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1989-06-28 | Cra Services | Smelting process |
| CN103952571B (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2015-08-12 | 东营鲁方金属材料有限公司 | One step copper metallurgy technique and device thereof |
| CN107287442A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-10-24 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Continuous copper smelting device and copper smelting method |
| CN208201066U (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-12-07 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A kind of blister copper pyrogenic process continuous refining furnace |
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2018
- 2018-04-08 CN CN201810305585.6A patent/CN108277361B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4127408A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1978-11-28 | Klockner Humboldt Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the continuous refinement of contaminated copper in the molten phase |
| JPH0693351A (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-04-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Production of tough pitch copper |
| CN105039738A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-11 | 王泊远 | Crude copper fire refining furnace and process |
| CN204918717U (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-30 | 王泊远 | Thick copper fire refining stove |
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