CN108726737A - Denitrogenate device and method in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end - Google Patents
Denitrogenate device and method in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end Download PDFInfo
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- CN108726737A CN108726737A CN201810939006.3A CN201810939006A CN108726737A CN 108726737 A CN108726737 A CN 108726737A CN 201810939006 A CN201810939006 A CN 201810939006A CN 108726737 A CN108726737 A CN 108726737A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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Abstract
Device and method are denitrogenated in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end, and equipment includes round pond body, is made of the inhalant region, reaction zone of intercommunication flow from bottom to up and exhalant region, and pass through lower filter screen partition board and upper filter screen partition board subregion；Inhalant region has water inlet, for accessing sewage；Flow fairing and amberlite lipid layer are equipped in reaction zone, the former is set to above lower filter screen partition board, is rectified into laminar flow regime flow for that will intake, the latter is made of several ion-exchange resin particles, is denitrogenated for carrying out ion exchange；Sewage is through denitrogenating after processing via overflow at the top of exhalant region；Further include for carrying out ion regeneration, ion exchange and the pipe-line system of cleaning, including the first inlet tube, the second inlet tube, drain pipe and raffinate evacuated tube；The liquid outlet of second inlet tube is located at the top of exhalant region；Drain pipe is connected to by the second tapping valve with the water inlet of inhalant region.The present invention is that scheme is denitrogenated in efficient low-consume end, can significantly reduce total nitrogen content in water outlet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban wastewater treatment fields, and in particular to a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end
Denitrogenate device and method in end.
Background technology
Town domestic sewage handles engineering, under the present situation that national economy rapid development, living standards of the people are continuously improved,
State leader drums in optimization of ecological environment, strengthens the multinomial instruction of prevention and cure of pollution, it is anti-that country and place also establish water pollution
Control stringent supervisor's mechanism, and normalization.
Town domestic sewage processing heel row discharges water water quality index by existing national standards（GB18918-2012）, basic to control
Project highest allows concentration of emission（It is per day）For：COD 50mg/L,BOD5 10mg/L,SS 10mg/L,TN 15mg/L,
NH3-N 5（8）Mg/L, TP 0.5mg/L, pH value 6 ~ 9 etc..
In existing treatment process based on biochemical treatment, method has：Oxidation ditch process, SBR methods, CASS methods, activated sludge
Method etc. wants overall up to standard to acquire a certain degree of difficulty, wherein TP, TN index because technical process has limitation or has the problems such as frequent operation
There is risk of exceeding criterion, even if plus with after physico-chemical process dephosphorization, being also only capable of reducing the exceeded risks of TP to a certain extent.
Over nearly 20 ~ 30 years, the country has introduced external A-A-O method synchronous denitrogen dephosphorus technologies, after the engineering construction of part
It makes moderate progress compared with above-mentioned treatment process, but T P are up to standard also to lean on physico-chemical process dephosphorization, and main ingredient is in TN indexs
NO3-, if anaerobic biological denitrification effect is undesirable, by general physico-chemical process except not falling, thus still have TN it is raised because
Element exists, and especially when having a small amount of trade effluent to abruptly enter to cause impact load, or the burst influence that produces an unexpected winner is biochemical in winter
In processing pond when the normal function of microorganism.In addition, as country increasingly payes attention to ecological environment, discharge standard puies forward target again
Possibility there is also.
Ion-exchange is widely used in water treatment field, such as boiler feed water sofening treatment, industrial water de salt treatment, pure
Water preparation, industrial wastewater removing heavy metals etc. treatment effect are fine.But fixed bed fair current runs counter-current regeneration ion exchange
If method has problems in urban wastewater treatment end for denitrogenation：
1. pressure vessel is limited the use of in microminiature sewage disposal, it is difficult to apply in large and medium-sized sewage disposal process；
2. there are the factors that exchange resin layer causes random layer for fixed bed counter-current regeneration method：
2-1. regenerative agent（NaCl）Gravity is suitable with Cl- type strong-base anion-exchange resins, and regenerative agent is sent into pump pressure
Equipment ascending current has exchanger resin upward thrust；
2-2. regenerated liquid ascending current reynolds number Res substantially exceed critical Reynolds number Rek2000 ~ 2300, are in turbulent condition；
3. regenerative process includes：Small reverse washing-discharges water-and top pressure-regeneration-backwash-just washing totally six step, and operation is cumbersome；
4. device memory puts the space effective rate of utilization only 70% or so of ion exchange resin.
Therefore, above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art how is solved, is become as the project of the invention to be researched and solved.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal ends to denitrogenate device and method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention in equipment level the technical solution adopted is that：
Nitrogen equipment, including a pond body are removed in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end, and the pond body is by from bottom to up
Inhalant region, reaction zone and the exhalant region of intercommunication flow are constituted；The cross section of the pond body is circle；Wherein,
It is equipped with filter screen separator between the inhalant region and the reaction zone, is equipped between the reaction zone and the exhalant region
It is equipped with several limbers on one upper filter screen partition board, the upper filter screen partition board and the lower filter screen partition board；
The inhalant region has a water inlet, and the water inlet is for accessing pending sewage；
Flow fairing and amberlite lipid layer are equipped in the reaction zone；The flow fairing be set to it is described under
The top of filter screen separator is rectified into laminar flow regime flow for that will intake；The amberlite lipid layer is by several amberlites
Fat particle is constituted, and the grain size of each ion-exchange resin particles is more than the aperture of the limbers；
Sewage through denitrogenate processing after via at the top of the exhalant region spillwag chute be discharged；
Further include for carrying out ion regeneration, ion exchange and the pipe-line system of cleaning, the pipe-line system include the first inlet tube,
Second inlet tube, drain pipe and raffinate evacuated tube；First inlet tube is connected by a liquid feed valve and second inlet tube
Logical, the liquid outlet of second inlet tube is located at the top of the exhalant region；The raffinate evacuated tube passes through one first tapping valve
It is connected to the bottom of second inlet tube；The drain pipe is connected by the water inlet of one second tapping valve and the inhalant region
It is logical, and also it is provided with first flowmeter on the drain pipe.
Related content in above-mentioned technical proposal is explained as follows：
1. in said program, " cross section of the pond body is circle " is circular to be designed with conducive to being realized by steel equipment, and ring
Good to pressure-bearing, simple in structure, convenient for making and transport, cost is relatively low, day treated sewage amount be suitable for rural area etc. up to kiloton
The smaller area of sanitary sewage disposal amount.
Cross section referred to herein refers to the section of horizontal direction.
2. in said program, the flow fairing is intake by controlling lower part, and reynolds number Re can be made to be significantly smaller than and faced
Boundary reynolds number Re k, and ensure the not random layer of amberlite lipid layer risen with flow.
3. in said program, the upper filter screen partition board and the lower filter screen partition board include two waffle slabs, two grids
Plate is arranged one on the other, and one layer of aperture of intermediate sandwiched of two waffle slabs is less than the high strength fibre of the ion-exchange resin particles
Net（Such as nylon wire）Or stainless (steel) wire.
The waffle slab can be plastic material or glass steel material, and the Mesh Diameter on waffle slab can be more than ion exchange
The grain size of resin particle.When prefabricated, using half block as unit, two pieces of horizontal splicing assemblings when installation.
4. in said program, the height of the flow fairing accounts for the 20 ~ 95% of the reaction zone height.Flow rectification
Several compact arranged rectification holes are equipped in device, the cross-sectional shape of each rectification hole is honeycombed or rectangle.
Plastic material can be used in the flow fairing, and the aperture of height and rectification hole can flexibly be adjusted by design requirement
It is whole, and it is made to be fixed on lower filter screen partition board.
5. in said program, the wall thickness of each rectification hole is 0.3 ~ 1.5mm, preferably 0.5 ~ 1mm, to meet flow rectification
The intensity of device needs；A diameter of 30 ~ the 100mm of inscribe of each rectification hole, preferably 40 ~ 60mm, inscribe diameter is smaller, reynolds number Re
Smaller, rectification effect is better.
6. in said program, the ion-exchange resin particles are Cl-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin particle；It is described
The wet apparent density of ion-exchange resin particles is 0.65 ~ 0.75g/mL, and preferably 0.67 ~ 0.73g/mL, grain size is 0.3 ~ 1mm, excellent
Select 0.4 ~ 0.7mm.
7. in said program, the volume of the amberlite lipid layer accounts for the 90 ~ 95% of the reaction zone volume.Main cloth
It is placed in each rectification hole of the flow fairing and below the top of flow fairing to the upper filter screen partition board
In space；Since amberlite lipid layer can expand in the cleaning step of regeneration treatment, cannot be set as occupying
Whole spaces of reaction zone.
8. in said program, further including wastewater influent valve and second flowmeter, being both set on a water inlet pipe, the water inlet
Pipe is connected to the water inlet.
9. in said program, the circumference of the spillwag chute is equipped with spaced apart apopore or serrated edge, so that water outlet is more
Uniformly, wholesome effect is also generated to the ascending current of reaction zone, avoids ascending current disorderly.
10. in said program, the top of the exhalant region is equipped with annular effluent trough, and the installation position of the annular effluent trough is low
In the installation position of the spillwag chute, and the bottom of the effluent trough is connected with by a drip pan in an outlet pipe.Sewage is through removing
It is spilled over to annular effluent trough from spillwag chute after nitrogen processing, converges into drip pan via effluent trough, and pass through drip pan bottom
Outlet pipe flows out.
11. in said program, the water inlet is opened in the underface of the inhalant region, in the inhalant region in it is described into
A flow apron is arranged at intervals with right over the mouth of a river.When sewage enters inhalant region from bottom to top, flow will be led described in shock
The bottom for flowing baffle, to generate the uniformly distributed flow ramped up to week.
12. in said program, the longitudinal section of the inhalant region bottom is in inverted trapezoidal.If the flow velocity of flow is very fast, flow compared with
Greatly, it behind the bottom of the flow impact flow apron of water inlet, can be able to generate flow again by the design of the bottom of inverted trapezoidal anti-
It penetrates, is conducive to further generate uniformly distributed flow, cooperation flow fairing helps to further decrease flow reynolds number Re.
13. in said program, the liquid outlet of second inlet tube is located at the top of the exhalant region and positioned at its level
The center in direction.The regenerated liquid or ejected wash water that may make liquid outlet outflow flow into the exhalant region with being more uniformly distributed.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention in method level the technical solution adopted is that：
Method is denitrogenated in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end, is realized by equipment described in claim 1,
It the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1: pretreatment
First, it is nitrate by the nitrogen compound oxidation in sewage, nitrification by aerobic treatment（NO3 -Class）；
Secondly, flocculant is put into water, it is clear through coagulating sedimentation and effluent quality after filtration treatment；
Step 2: denitrogenating processing
First, the reaction zone ion exchange resin layer choosing Cl of the equipment-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin particle structure
At；
Secondly, contain NO by pretreated3 -Sewage be sent into equipment from the inhalant region of the equipment, and run from bottom to top,
The ion-exchange reactions denitrogenated in the reaction zone is flowed into, the chemical formula of the reaction is as follows：
RCl-+NaNO3→RNO3-+NaCl
Wherein, R Cl-Indicate Cl-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin, RNO3-Indicate the Cl after reaction-By NO3 -Have exchanged from
Sub-exchange resin；
Then, the water after denitrogenating goes out via the exhalant region overflow of the equipment, when detect water outlet in total values of nitrogen might reach pre-
If stopping sewage when value flows into equipment, complete sewage one denitrogenates process cycle；
Step 3: regeneration treatment
First, it selects NaCl as regenerative agent, a concentration of 6 ~ 10% regenerated liquid is configured to water；
Secondly, the regenerated liquid is from top to bottom flowed into the reaction zone, it is anti-to carry out ion exchange to amberlite lipid layer
It answers, the chemical formula of the reaction is as follows：
RNO3-+NaCl→RCl-+NaNO3；
After the completion of regeneration treatment, step 2 is repeated, process cycle is denitrogenated into next.
Related content in above-mentioned technical proposal is explained as follows：
1. in said program, aerobic treatment is the prior art, refer in the presence of microorganism, suitable for carbon N/P ratio and
Under the conditions of blast aeration etc., the biochemical process that organic pollutant degradation is inorganization.
2. in said program, in step 1, in addition to flocculant, also needing input dephosphorization agent, making the total phosphorus in water outlet（TP）
Value is less than 0.5mg/L and is preferred, and TP is the smaller the better, otherwise script and NO3 -The Cl of ion exchange occurs-It will be with PO4 3-Occur
Ion exchange influences efficiencies of nitrogen removal and to denitrogenate efficiency when operation；
Flocculation aid can also be added, in order to by further flocculation is bulky grain through the flocculated small granular suspended matters of flocculant in sewage
Suspended matter, convenient for promoted water quality clarity.
3. in said program, in step 2, the preset value of total nitrogen is less than or equal to 15mg/L in water outlet.The preset value is
National standard can further decrease the total nitrogen in water outlet by way of increasing sewage treatment unit or shortening the regeneration treatment period and contain
Amount, with the promotion of the following national standard of reply.
4. in said program, in step 2, after complete sewage one denitrogenates process cycle, the ion exchange at this time
Resin layer includes the protection zone of the saturation region of lower part, the workspace at middle part and top；R in the saturation regionCl-Handed over
It is changed to RNO3-, the R in the workspaceCl-In exchange process, the R in the protection zoneCl-Only partly it is exchanged for RNO3-。
It designs whereby, amberlite lipid layer can be protected by protection zone, it is avoided to be lost by sewage " breakdown "
The mistake effect of denitrogenating, that is, if protection zone also becomes workspace even protection zone, the total nitrogen in water outlet it is difficult to ensure that not exceeded, this
When amberlite lipid layer ion exchange failed.
5. in said program, in step 3, the concentration preferably 8 ~ 10% of the regenerated liquid.If being less than 8%, very few Cl- meetings
The efficiency of regeneration treatment is affected, if being higher than 10%, ion-exchange resin particles excess shrinkage can be caused, it can be to regeneration
The effect of processing affects.
6. in said program, in step 2, the second tapping valve of first pass hull closure, then the wastewater influent valve of equipment is opened,
Containing NO3-Sewage measured by second flowmeter after the inhalant region of equipment, upward water are upwardly by water inlet from water inlet pipe
Stream collision at flow apron occurs to continue up flowing after diffusion；
Flow is flowed into upwardly through lower filter screen partition board in reaction zone, passes through flow fairing in the lower part of amberlite lipid layer
Rectification is carried out, flow reynolds number Re is made to be significantly smaller than critical Rek, the flow after rectification becomes laminar flow regime flow, while ion is handed over
It changes resin layer and is also raised to its top by flow and is located at below upper filter screen partition board；After water flows through ion-exchange reactions, into equipment
Exhalant region；
Flow enters water outlet via the annular serrated edge overflow of the uniformly distributed several apopores of exhalant region upper periphery annular or setting
Slot, and converge and be discharged into drip pan；When total nitrogen in water outlet（TN）When value reaches expectation index, completes one and denitrogenate processing week
Phase；It closes wastewater influent valve and stops water inlet, opening the second tapping valve and discharging water makes water level be down at upper filter screen partition board, while amberlite
Lipid layer falls back to the preceding state of operation with downward flow.
7. in said program, in step 3, the regeneration treatment includes three steps of regeneration, displacement and cleaning；
When regeneration, first opens in the first tapping valve the second inlet tube of emptying and close valve after water, then open liquid feed valve by prepared NaCl
Regenerated liquid enters the exhalant region by the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube force feed, at this time deposit of the exhalant region as regenerated liquid
Area；After the regenerated liquid being sent into needed for primary recycling processing, for a concentration of the 10% of the regenerated liquid, regenerated liquid at this time
Volume is the half of amberlite lipid layer volume（The volume of regenerated liquid and the concentration of regenerated liquid are inversely proportional）, it closes liquid feed valve, open
Second drain valve regulating flow, is quantified by first flowmeter, and regenerated liquid is with small flow at a slow speed（It is less than flow when denitrogenating processing
Flow velocity and flow）The isobaric amberlite lipid layer for uniformly flowing downwardly into reaction zone, makes liquid level be down at upper filter screen partition board；
When displacement, closes the second tapping valve, opens liquid feed valve, by clean water（Tap water can be selected）By the first inlet tube and second into
Liquid pipe, which introduces, enters reserve zone, until water level reaches the setting upper limit；Then it closes liquid feed valve, open the second tapping valve, press and regeneration
The identical flow small at a slow speed of liquid, is quantified by first flowmeter, and adverse current is downwards into line replacement, until water level is down to upper filter screen partition board.
Displacement can be understood as regenerated second link, and the volume of usual displacement liquid is identical as regenerated liquid.
When cleaning, big second tapping valve is opened, and open liquid feed valve, ion exchange resin is quickly cleaned downwards with big flow
Layer closes liquid feed valve and the second tapping valve, at this time regeneration treatment step knot until when the cleaning flow or/and scavenging period of setting
Beam repeats step 2.
The operation principle and advantage of the present invention is as follows：
1. proposing that method is denitrogenated in an efficient low-consume end, help to reduce the exceeded risk of town domestic sewage processing total nitrogen；
2. using gravity type ion-exchange, efficient ion-exchange is made to can be applied to what different scales sewage disposal was denitrogenated
Demand；
3. using the utilization rate of flow fairing and raising amberlite lipid layer, make to occur in operation or regenerative process
The random layer of amberlite lipid layer and the problem of influence ion-exchange reactions effect；
4. using upper operation, counter-current regeneration method, compared with fixed bed counter-current regeneration method, treatment effect is more stable, regenerative agent is used
Amount more saves；
5. using more, by etc. whens segmentation start, the total nitrogen that always be discharged can be handled taking human as control, maneuverability keeps water outlet steady
It is fixed up to standard, if discharging standards carry mark again, there is good adaptibility to response；
6. small-scale sewage disposal can be used more parallel runnings, regenerate in turn；
7. operational administrative is easy, it is easy to accomplish automatic operating.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention（For the B-B cross-section structure diagram of Fig. 2）；
Attached drawing 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1；
Attached drawing 3 is A-A profile structure diagram in Fig. 1；
Attached drawing 4 is the structural schematic diagram of waffle slab of the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figures above：1. inhalant region；2. reaction zone；3. exhalant region；4. lower filter screen partition board；5. upper filter screen partition board；6. into
The mouth of a river；7. flow apron；8. flow fairing；9. amberlite lipid layer；10. rectification hole；11. spillwag chute；12. water outlet
Hole；13. annular effluent trough；14. drip pan；15. outlet pipe；16. the first inlet tube；17. the second inlet tube；18. drain pipe；
19. raffinate evacuated tube；20. liquid feed valve；21. liquid outlet；22. the first tapping valve；23. the second tapping valve；24. first flowmeter；
25. wastewater influent valve；26. second flowmeter；27. water inlet pipe；28. waffle slab；29. grid.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments：
Embodiment：Shown in attached drawing 1 ~ 4, nitrogen equipment is removed in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end, including
One pond body, the pond body are made of the inhalant region 1 of intercommunication flow from bottom to up, reaction zone 2 and exhalant region 3；The pond body it is transversal
Face is circle, and circular to be designed with conducive to being realized by steel equipment, circumferential pressure-bearing is good, simple in structure, convenient for making and transport, and
Cost is relatively low, day treated sewage amount be suitable for the smaller areas of sanitary sewage disposals amount such as rural area up to kiloton.
Wherein, filter screen separator 4 are equipped between the inhalant region 1 and the reaction zone 2, the reaction zone 2 and described
It is equipped with a upper filter screen partition board 5 between exhalant region 3, is equipped on the upper filter screen partition board 5 and the lower filter screen partition board 4 several logical
Water hole.
The inhalant region 1 has a water inlet 6, and the water inlet 6 is for accessing pending sewage；Wherein, the water inlet
Mouth 6 is opened in the underface of the inhalant region 1, and being arranged at intervals with one in the surface of the water inlet 6 in the inhalant region 1 leads
Flow baffle 7.When sewage from bottom to top enter inhalant region 1 when, flow will hit the bottom of the flow apron 7, to generate to
The uniformly distributed flow ramped up in week.
Flow fairing 8 and amberlite lipid layer 9 are equipped in the reaction zone 2；The flow fairing 8 is set
In the top of the lower filter screen partition board 4, it is rectified into laminar flow regime flow for that will intake, by controlling lower part water inlet, Reynolds can be made
Number Re is significantly smaller than critical Reynolds number Rek, and ensures the not random layer of ion exchange resin risen with flow.The amberlite
Lipid layer 9 is made of several ion-exchange resin particles, and the grain size of each ion-exchange resin particles is more than the aperture of the limbers.
Wherein, the height of the flow fairing 8 accounts for the 20 ~ 95% of 2 height of the reaction zone.In flow fairing 8
Equipped with several compact arranged rectification holes 10, the cross-sectional shape of each rectification hole 10 is honeycombed or rectangle.It is each described whole
The wall thickness of discharge orifice 10 is 0.3 ~ 1.5mm, preferably 0.5 ~ 1mm, to meet the intensity needs of flow fairing；Each rectification hole 10
A diameter of 30 ~ the 100mm of inscribe, preferably 40 ~ 60mm, inscribe diameter is smaller, and flow reynolds number Re is smaller, and rectification effect is better.
The flow fairing 8 can be used plastic material, and the aperture of height and rectification hole 10 can be by design requirement spirit
Adjustment living, and it is made to be fixed on lower filter screen partition board 4.
Wherein, the ion-exchange resin particles are Cl-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin particle；The ion exchange
The wet apparent density of resin particle be 0.65 ~ 0.75g/mL, preferably 0.67 ~ 0.73g/mL, grain size be 0.3 ~ 1mm, preferably 0.4 ~
0.7mm。
The volume of the amberlite lipid layer 9 accounts for the 90 ~ 95% of 2 volume of the reaction zone.Mainly it is arranged in the flow
In in each rectification hole 10 of the fairing 8 and top of flow fairing 8 to the space of 5 lower section of the upper filter screen partition board；
Since amberlite lipid layer 9 can expand in the cleaning step of regeneration treatment, cannot be set as occupying reaction zone 2
Whole spaces.
Wherein, the longitudinal section of 1 bottom of the inhalant region is in inverted trapezoidal.If the flow velocity of flow is very fast, flow is larger, intaking
Flow impact flow apron 7 bottom after, can be able to generate flow reflection again by the design of the bottom of inverted trapezoidal, be conducive to
Uniformly distributed flow is further generated, cooperation flow fairing 8 helps to further decrease flow reynolds number Re.
Wherein, sewage is discharged after processing through denitrogenating via the spillwag chute 11 at the top of the exhalant region 3；The spillwag chute 11
Circumferential annular be equipped with spaced apart apopore 12（Or serrated edge）, so that water outlet is evenly, to the ascending current of reaction zone 2
Also wholesome effect is generated, avoids ascending current disorderly.
The top of the exhalant region 3 is equipped with annular effluent trough 13, and the installation position of the annular effluent trough 13 is overflow less than described
The installation position of stream interface 11, and the annular effluent trough 13 tilts down setting, lower end passes through a drip pan as water outlet
14 are connected in an outlet pipe 15.Sewage from spillwag chute 11 is spilled over to annular effluent trough 13 after processing through denitrogenating, and goes out via annular
Sink 13 converges into drip pan 14, and is flowed out by the outlet pipe 15 of 14 bottom of drip pan.
Wherein, further include for carrying out ion regeneration, ion exchange and the pipe-line system of cleaning, which includes the
One inlet tube 16, the second inlet tube 17, drain pipe 18 and raffinate evacuated tube 19；First inlet tube 16 passes through a liquid feed valve
20 are connected to second inlet tube 17, and the liquid outlet 21 of second inlet tube 17 is located at top and the position of the exhalant region 3
In the center of its horizontal direction, the regenerated liquid or ejected wash water that may make liquid outlet to flow out flow into the water outlet with being more uniformly distributed
Area.The raffinate evacuated tube 19 is connected to by one first tapping valve 22 with the bottom of second inlet tube 17.
The drain pipe 18 is connected to by one second tapping valve 23 with the water inlet 6 of the inhalant region 1, and the drain pipe
First flowmeter 24 is also provided on 18.Further include wastewater influent valve 25 and second flowmeter 26, is both set to a water inlet pipe
On 27, which is connected to the water inlet 6.
Wherein, the upper filter screen partition board 5 and the lower filter screen partition board 4 include two waffle slabs 28, two waffle slabs 28
It is arranged one on the other, one layer of aperture of intermediate sandwiched of two waffle slabs 28 is less than the high strength fibre of the ion-exchange resin particles
Net（Such as nylon wire）Or stainless (steel) wire.
As shown in figure 4, the waffle slab 28 can be plastic material（Or glass steel material）, the grid 29 on waffle slab 28
Diameter can be more than the grain size of ion-exchange resin particles.When prefabricated, using half block as unit, two pieces of horizontal splicing assemblings when installation.
The method of denitrogenating of the present invention includes the following steps：
Step 1: pretreatment
First, it is nitrate by the nitrogen compound oxidation in sewage, nitrification by aerobic treatment（NO3 -Class）；
Secondly, flocculant is put into water, it is clear through coagulating sedimentation and effluent quality after filtration treatment；
Step 2: denitrogenating processing
First, the 2 ion exchange resin layer 9 of reaction zone of the equipment selects Cl-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin particle
It constitutes；
Secondly, contain NO by pretreated3 -Sewage be sent into equipment from the inhalant region 1 of the equipment, and transport from bottom to top
Row, flows into the ion-exchange reactions denitrogenated in the reaction zone 2, the chemical formula of the reaction is as follows：
RCl-+NaNO3→RNO3-+NaCl
Wherein, R Cl-Indicate Cl-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin, RNO3-Indicate the Cl after reaction-By NO3 -Have exchanged from
Sub-exchange resin；
Then, the water after denitrogenating goes out via 3 overflow of exhalant region of the equipment, when detect water outlet in total values of nitrogen might（TN）It reaches
Equipment is flowed into sewage is stopped when preset value, complete sewage one denitrogenates process cycle；
Step 3: regeneration treatment
First, it selects NaCl as regenerative agent, a concentration of 6 ~ 10% regenerated liquid is configured to water；
Secondly, the regenerated liquid is from top to bottom flowed into the reaction zone 2, ion exchange is carried out to amberlite lipid layer 9
Reaction, the chemical formula of the reaction are as follows：
RNO3-+NaCl→RCl-+NaNO3；
After the completion of regeneration treatment, step 2 is repeated, process cycle is denitrogenated into next.
Wherein, aerobic treatment is the prior art, refers in the presence of microorganism, suitable for carbon-nitrogen ratio, moisture content
With under the conditions of oxygen etc., by organic matter degradation, it is converted to the biochemical process of humus sample substance.
Wherein, in step 1, in addition to flocculant, input dephosphorization agent is also needed, the total phosphorus in water outlet is made（TP）Value reaches small
It is preferred in 0.5mg/L, TP is the smaller the better, otherwise script and NO3 -The Cl of ion exchange occurs-It will be with PO4 3-Ion exchange occurs,
It influences efficiencies of nitrogen removal and to denitrogenate efficiency when operation；
Flocculation aid can also be added, in order to by further flocculation is bulky grain through the flocculated small granular suspended matters of flocculant in sewage
Suspended matter, convenient for promoted water quality clarity.
In step 2, the preset value of total nitrogen is less than or equal to 15mg/L in water outlet.The preset value is national standard, can pass through increasing
The mode in sewage treatment unit or shortening regeneration treatment period is added to further decrease the total nitrogen content in water outlet, to cope with the following state
Target is promoted.
In step 2, after complete sewage one denitrogenates process cycle, under the amberlite lipid layer 9 includes at this time
The protection zone of the saturation region in portion, the workspace at middle part and top；R in the saturation regionCl-It has been exchanged for RNO3-, institute
State the R in workspaceCl-In exchange process, the R in the protection zoneCl-Only partly it is exchanged for RNO3-。
It designs whereby, amberlite lipid layer 9 can be protected by protection zone, it is avoided to be lost by sewage " breakdown "
The mistake effect of denitrogenating, that is, if protection zone also becomes workspace even protection zone, the total nitrogen in water outlet it is difficult to ensure that not exceeded, this
When amberlite lipid layer ion exchange failed.
In step 3, the concentration preferably 8 ~ 10% of the regenerated liquid.If being less than 8%, very few Cl- can be to the effect of regeneration treatment
Rate affects, if being higher than 10%, can lead to ion-exchange resin particles excess shrinkage, can be brought to the effect of regeneration treatment
It influences.
Wherein, in step 2, the second tapping valve 23 of first pass hull closure, then the wastewater influent valve 25 of equipment is opened, contain NO3-
Sewage measured by second flowmeter 26 after the inhalant region 1 of equipment, upward water are upwardly into from water inlet pipe 27 by water inlet 6
Stream collision at flow apron 7 occurs to continue up flowing after diffusion；
Flow is flowed into upwardly through lower filter screen partition board 4 in reaction zone 2, passes through flow rectification in the lower part of amberlite lipid layer 9
Device 8 carry out rectification, so that flow reynolds number Re is significantly smaller than critical Rek, the flow after rectification become laminar flow regime flow, while from
Sub-exchange resin layer 9, which is also raised by flow to its top, is located at 5 lower section of upper filter screen partition board；After water flows through ion-exchange reactions, into
Enter the exhalant region 3 of equipment；
Flow is via the uniformly distributed several apopores 12 of 3 upper periphery annular of exhalant region（Under Chi Ding at 100mm）Overflow enters annular
Effluent trough 13, and converge and be discharged into drip pan 14；When total nitrogen in water outlet（TN）When value reaches expectation index, completes one and remove
Nitrogen process cycle；It closes wastewater influent valve 25 and stops water inlet, opening the second tapping valve 23 and discharging water makes water level be down at upper filter screen partition board 5,
Amberlite lipid layer 9 falls back to the preceding state of operation with downward flow simultaneously.
Wherein, in step 3, the regeneration treatment includes three steps of regeneration, displacement and cleaning；
When regeneration, first opens in the first tapping valve 22 the second inlet tube 17 of emptying and close valve after water, then open liquid feed valve 20 to prepare
NaCl regenerated liquids the exhalant region 3 is entered by the first inlet tube 16 and 17 force feed of the second inlet tube, exhalant region 3 is as again at this time
The reserve zone of raw liquid；After the regenerated liquid being sent into needed for primary recycling processing, for a concentration of the 10% of the regenerated liquid, this
When regenerated liquid volume be amberlite lipid layer volume half（The volume of regenerated liquid and the concentration of regenerated liquid are inversely proportional）, this
When highest liquid level in 12 bottom end of apopore, close liquid feed valve 20, open the second tapping valve 23 and adjust flow, determined by first flowmeter 24
Amount, regenerated liquid is with small flow at a slow speed（It is less than the flow velocity and flow of flow when denitrogenating processing）Equipressure uniformly flows downwardly into reaction zone
2 amberlite lipid layer 9, makes liquid level be down at upper filter screen partition board 5；
When displacement, closes the second tapping valve 23, opens liquid feed valve 20, by clean water（Tap water can be selected）Pass through 16 He of the first inlet tube
Second inlet tube 17, which introduces, enters reserve zone, until water level reaches the setting upper limit；Then it closes liquid feed valve 20, open the second tapping valve
23, flow small at a slow speed identical with regenerated liquid is pressed, by 24 control amount of first flowmeter, adverse current is downwards into line replacement, until water level drops
Supreme filter screen separator 5.Displacement can be understood as regenerated second link, and the volume of usual displacement liquid is identical as regenerated liquid.
When cleaning, big second tapping valve 23 is opened, and open liquid feed valve 20, amberlite is quickly cleaned downwards with big flow
Lipid layer 9 closes liquid feed valve 20 and the second tapping valve 23, at this time regeneration treatment until when the cleaning flow or/and scavenging period of setting
Step terminates, and repeats step 2.
Wherein, the waste liquid generated when regeneration treatment is discharged via the water inlet 6 and by drain pipe 18.Above-described embodiment
Only technical concepts and features to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow person skilled in the art that can understand the present invention's
Content is simultaneously implemented according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to equivalent made by spirit of the invention
Changes or modifications should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. nitrogen equipment is removed in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end, it is characterised in that：
Including a pond body, which is made of the inhalant region, reaction zone of intercommunication flow from bottom to up and exhalant region；The pond body
Cross section is circle；Wherein,
It is equipped with filter screen separator between the inhalant region and the reaction zone, is equipped between the reaction zone and the exhalant region
It is equipped with several limbers on one upper filter screen partition board, the upper filter screen partition board and the lower filter screen partition board；
The inhalant region has a water inlet, and the water inlet is for accessing pending sewage；
Flow fairing and amberlite lipid layer are equipped in the reaction zone；The flow fairing be set to it is described under
The top of filter screen separator is rectified into laminar flow regime flow for that will intake；The amberlite lipid layer is by several amberlites
Fat particle is constituted, and the grain size of each ion-exchange resin particles is more than the aperture of the limbers；
Sewage through denitrogenate processing after via at the top of the exhalant region spillwag chute be discharged；
Further include for carrying out ion regeneration, ion exchange and the pipe-line system of cleaning, the pipe-line system include the first inlet tube,
Second inlet tube, drain pipe and raffinate evacuated tube；First inlet tube is connected by a liquid feed valve and second inlet tube
Logical, the liquid outlet of second inlet tube is located at the top of the exhalant region；The raffinate evacuated tube passes through one first tapping valve
It is connected to the bottom of second inlet tube；The drain pipe is connected by the water inlet of one second tapping valve and the inhalant region
It is logical, and also it is provided with first flowmeter on the drain pipe.
2. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is high that the height of the flow fairing accounts for the reaction zone
The 20 ~ 95% of degree, several compact arranged rectification holes are equipped in flow fairing, and the cross-sectional shape of each rectification hole is
Honeycombed or rectangle；The volume of the amberlite lipid layer accounts for the 90 ~ 95% of the reaction zone volume.
3. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include wastewater influent valve and second flowmeter, both
On a water inlet pipe, which is connected to the water inlet.
4. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The circumference of the spillwag chute is equipped with spaced apart apopore
Or serrated edge.
5. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The top of the exhalant region is equipped with effluent trough, the effluent trough
Installation position be less than the installation position of the spillwag chute, and the bottom of the effluent trough is provided with an outlet pipe.
6. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water inlet is opened in the underface of the inhalant region,
A flow apron is arranged at intervals with right over the water inlet in the inhalant region.
7. method is denitrogenated in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end, it is characterised in that：By claim 1 institute
The equipment stated is realized, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1: pretreatment
First, it is nitrate by the nitrogen compound oxidation in sewage, nitrification by aerobic treatment（NO3 -Class）；
Secondly, flocculant is put into water, it is clear through coagulating sedimentation and effluent quality after filtration treatment；
Step 2: denitrogenating processing
First, the reaction zone ion exchange resin layer choosing Cl of the equipment-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin particle structure
At；
Secondly, contain NO by pretreated3 -Sewage be sent into equipment from the inhalant region of the equipment, and run from bottom to top,
The ion-exchange reactions denitrogenated in the reaction zone is flowed into, the chemical formula of the reaction is as follows：
RCl-+NaNO3→RNO3-+NaCl
Wherein, R Cl-Indicate Cl-Type strong-base anion-exchange resin, RNO3-Indicate the Cl after reaction-By NO3 -Have exchanged from
Sub-exchange resin；
Then, the water after denitrogenating goes out via the exhalant region overflow of the equipment, when detect water outlet in total values of nitrogen might reach pre-
If stopping sewage when value flows into equipment, complete sewage one denitrogenates process cycle；
Step 3: regeneration treatment
First, it selects NaCl as regenerative agent, a concentration of 6 ~ 10% regenerated liquid is configured to water；
Secondly, the regenerated liquid is from top to bottom flowed into the reaction zone, it is anti-to carry out ion exchange to amberlite lipid layer
It answers, the chemical formula of the reaction is as follows：
RNO3-+NaCl→RCl-+NaNO3；
After the completion of regeneration treatment, step 2 is repeated, process cycle is denitrogenated into next.
8. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized in that：In step 2, processing week is denitrogenated in complete sewage one
After phase, the amberlite lipid layer includes the protection zone of the saturation region of lower part, the workspace at middle part and top at this time；It is described
R in saturation regionCl-It has been exchanged for RNO3-, the R in the workspaceCl-In exchange process, in the protection zone
RCl-Only partly it is exchanged for RNO3-。
9. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized in that：In step 2,
Second tapping valve of first pass hull closure, then the wastewater influent valve of equipment is opened, contain NO3-Sewage by water inlet to enterprising
Enter the inhalant region of equipment, upward water flow continues up flowing after colliding generation diffusion at flow apron；
Flow is flowed into upwardly through lower filter screen partition board in reaction zone, passes through flow fairing in the lower part of amberlite lipid layer
Rectification is carried out, the flow after rectification becomes laminar flow regime flow, while amberlite lipid layer is also raised by flow to its top position
Below upper filter screen partition board；After water flows through ion-exchange reactions, into the exhalant region of equipment；
Flow enters effluent trough via the serrated edge overflow of the uniformly distributed several apopores of exhalant region upper periphery or setting, and converges
It is discharged into drip pan；When total values of nitrogen might reaches expectation index in water outlet, completes one and denitrogenate process cycle；Close wastewater influent
Valve stops water inlet, and opening the second tapping valve and discharging water makes water level be down at upper filter screen partition board, while amberlite lipid layer is with downward water
Flow back to state before falling on operation.
10. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized in that：In step 3, the regeneration treatment includes regeneration, displacement
With clean three steps；
When regeneration, first opens in the first tapping valve the second inlet tube of emptying and close valve after water, then open liquid feed valve by prepared NaCl
Regenerated liquid enters the exhalant region by the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube force feed, at this time deposit of the exhalant region as regenerated liquid
Area；After the regenerated liquid being sent into needed for primary recycling processing, closes liquid feed valve, opens the second drain valve regulating flow, regenerated liquid is with slow
The isobaric amberlite lipid layer for uniformly flowing downwardly into reaction zone of the small flow of speed, makes liquid level be down at upper filter screen partition board；
It when displacement, closes the second tapping valve, open liquid feed valve, clean water is introduced by the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube and enters storage
Preparation area, until water level reaches the setting upper limit；Then it closes liquid feed valve, open the second tapping valve, by identical with regenerated liquid small at a slow speed
Flow adverse current is downwards into line replacement, until water level is down to upper filter screen partition board；
When cleaning, big second tapping valve is opened, and open liquid feed valve, quickly cleans amberlite lipid layer downwards with big flow, directly
To setting cleaning flow or/and scavenging period when, close liquid feed valve and the second tapping valve, regeneration treatment step terminates at this time, can
Repeat step 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810939006.3A CN108726737A (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Denitrogenate device and method in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810939006.3A CN108726737A (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Denitrogenate device and method in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108726737A true CN108726737A (en) | 2018-11-02 |
Family
ID=63941527
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810939006.3A Withdrawn CN108726737A (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Denitrogenate device and method in a kind of gravity rectifier type ion-exchange sewage disposal end |
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| CN113480007A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江沃乐环境科技有限公司 | Water treatment equipment and water treatment system |
| US20220073390A1 (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2022-03-10 | Bio Proj Tecnologia Ambiental Ltda. | Fixed Biofilm Anaerobic-Aerobic Combined Reactor For Treating Wastewater |
| CN114680348A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-01 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Cleaning device |
| CN115818855A (en) * | 2023-02-02 | 2023-03-21 | 盐城工学院 | Solar energy circulation aeration suspension type biological filter |
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Application publication date: 20181102 |