CN209940749U

CN209940749U - Optimized combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment

Info

Publication number: CN209940749U
Application number: CN201822108491.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢绍舜; 谢奕民; 谢奕斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-12-14
Filing date: 2018-12-14
Publication date: 2020-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-14

Abstract

An optimized combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment; the method comprises the following steps: a biochemical treatment unit, a physicochemical treatment unit, a chemical treatment unit and a sludge treatment unit; the biochemical treatment unit comprises an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank and a rotary-push flow submerged aerobic biofilter; the physicochemical treatment unit comprises a light filter material filter tank and a coagulating sedimentation tank; the chemical treatment unit comprises a nitrogen removal device at the tail end of sewage treatment by a gravity rectification type ion exchange method; the sludge treatment unit comprises a sludge collecting tank, a sludge concentrating tank and sludge dewatering equipment; the sludge treatment unit dehydrates the sludge into a sludge cake, and separation liquid generated by dehydration flows back to the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank for treatment; the utility model provides a complete domestic sewage treatment system, the sewage treatment rings between the units are buckled, the implementation and operation cost is low, but the sewage treatment efficiency is high; the method can be implemented in a newly-built sewage treatment place, can also be improved on the existing sewage treatment place, and has high applicability.

Description

Optimized combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an environmental water treatment field, concretely relates to urban domestic sewage treatment's optimal combined system.

Background

Most of domestic urban domestic sewage treatment processes in China refer to foreign technologies, and although the technologies can basically meet the application in China, structural reform is needed due to different national conditions and development requirements in China, so that research and development of sewage treatment processes and technologies which are more efficient and feasible and have low consumption are imperative.

The urban domestic sewage treatment mainly adopts biochemical treatment, and utilizes the biochemical function of cultivated microorganisms to decompose organic pollutants in the sewage, thereby being the most economic and effective treatment method.

Generally, the biochemical treatment includes an activated sludge method and a biofilm method, and can be subdivided into the following methods according to the structural form and the process flow: aeration biochemical method, SBR method, CASS method, oxidation ditch method, A-A-O method and the like, and the A-A-O synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal method is generally considered to be relatively reasonable in the industry.

However, the A-A-O synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization method has the following defects:

firstly, the flow distribution is unreasonable;

the anaerobic reactor is added with an aerobic biochemical reflux activated sludge meter according to daily average hour flow, the hydraulic retention time is 40 minutes, and the peak hour flow meter is 30 minutes; the anoxic reactor is measured according to daily average flow rate and an aerobic biochemical reflux mixed liquid meter, the hydraulic retention time is 17 minutes, and the peak flow rate is 15 minutes; anaerobic reactor and anoxic reactor still install the agitator in the pond respectively, have the following problem:

1. the design flow rate of the sewage pipeline is required to be larger than the self-cleaning flow rate, so that sludge deposited in the pipeline at low flow rate is flushed away at high flow rate, the sewage entering a water collecting tank of a terminal pump house contains little anaerobic microorganism, and is reflected in a part of 100mg/L of sewage suspended matters, and the dissolved oxygen of the backflow activated sludge which is equivalent to 50% of the sewage amount is about 2mg/L, the sludge is continuously pumped from a secondary sedimentation tank by a pump and is sent into an anaerobic reactor, the sludge and domestic sewage are fully mixed for 30 ~ 40 minutes, and the dissolved oxygen of mixed liquid in the anaerobic reactor cannot reach 0mg/L at the moment;

2. the hydraulic retention time of the anoxic reactor is only 15 ~ 17 minutes, and if the effluent of the anaerobic reactor is dissolved with 0mg/L of oxygen, the effluent is mixed with the mixed solution which comes from the aerobic reactor and is pumped by a pump with twice daily average time flow and the dissolved oxygen is more than 2mg/L for reaction, and at the moment, the dissolved oxygen in the anoxic reactor can not reach 0-0.5 mg/L;

3. in the process of refluxing a large amount of activated sludge, aerobic facultative bacteria are dominant bacteria, the latter half part of the aerobic reactor is required to have sufficient nitrifying bacteria, the generation time of the aerobic reactor is long, the aerobic requirement is high, the aerobic reactor is pure aerobic bacteria, under the condition that the actual hydraulic retention time of the aerobic reactor is only 90 ~ 100 minutes, the nitrifying bacteria are pushed out from the latter half part (nitrification region), the facultative bacteria enter the aerobic reactor, and the nitrification function of the aerobic reactor can be influenced;

secondly, the denitrification process is unstable;

generally, the denitrification process comprises:

1. the sewage containing organic nitrogen enters an anaerobic reactor and is converted into ammonia Nitrogen (NH) under the biochemical and ammoniation reactions of anaerobic bacteria₃-N）；

2. The sewage containing ammonia nitrogen enters an aerobic reactor and is converted into nitrate Nitrogen (NO) under the biochemical nitration reaction of aerobic nitrobacteria₃ ^--N）；

3. Containing NO₃ ^-The mixed liquid flows back into the anoxic reactor and is converted into nitrogen (N) under the biochemical reduction reaction of anaerobic denitrifying bacteria₂×) to achieve the aim of denitrification;

4. if the anaerobic reactor does not have enough anaerobic bacteria, the anoxic reactor does not have enough anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and the aerobic nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic reactor are in an interfered state, the denitrification process cannot be effectively realized;

thirdly, the A-A-O method has poor dephosphorization effect;

as is known, the sewage treatment plants adopting the A-A-O method process have a lot of water treatment plants, and the physical and chemical methods of adding a phosphorus removal agent and a coagulant are mostly used for meeting the requirement of reaching the total phosphorus standard, which indicates that the biological phosphorus removal effect of the sewage treatment plants also has problems.

Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing an optimization combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

an optimized combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment; the method comprises the following steps:

the device comprises a biochemical treatment unit, a physicochemical treatment unit, a chemical treatment unit and a sludge treatment unit; the domestic sewage is treated by the biochemical treatment unit, the physicochemical treatment unit and the chemical treatment unit in sequence;

wherein, the biochemical treatment unit comprises an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank and a rotary-push flow submerged aerobic biofilter;

the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank comprises at least one first water treatment unit, the first water treatment unit comprises a first tank body, and an internal space formed by the first tank body is divided into a vortex reaction zone, a suspension reaction zone, a filtration reaction zone and a first water outlet zone from bottom to top in sequence according to different sewage treatment functions; the sewage enters from the vortex reaction zone at the lowest part of the tank body, flows upwards through the suspension reaction zone and the filtration reaction zone in sequence, and overflows from the first water outlet zone after being treated; wherein,

the bottom of the vortex reaction zone is provided with at least one inverted trapezoid channel along the horizontal direction, the bottom of each inverted trapezoid channel is horizontally provided with a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is communicated with a sewage inlet and used for introducing sewage to be treated into the vortex reaction zone; a plurality of water permeable holes are formed in the pipe body of the water inlet pipe at intervals along the length direction of the pipe body, and the water permeable holes are formed in the inclined lower part of the side part of the water inlet pipe, so that the water flow of the water permeable holes impacts the side wall of the inverted trapezoidal channel;

a sludge discharge hopper is arranged on the inner wall of the suspension reaction zone, the sludge discharge hopper is a container and is provided with an upward opening, the bottom of the sludge discharge hopper is connected with a sludge discharge pipeline, and the sludge discharge pipeline extends to the outside of the tank body;

a plurality of filtering fillers are suspended in the filtering reaction area, and are densely filled in the filtering reaction area and positioned relative to the tank body;

the filter filler is strip-shaped and comprises a strip-shaped main body, a plurality of attaching wires are densely arranged on the strip-shaped main body along the length direction of the strip-shaped main body and extend towards the periphery, the surface of each attaching wire is an attaching surface, and anaerobic bacteria in ascending water flow can be attached and proliferated on the attaching surface;

the top of the first water outlet area is a first overflow surface, and treated water flows out of the first tank body through the first overflow surface;

the cyclone push flow submerged aerobic biofilter comprises at least one second water treatment unit, the second water treatment unit comprises a second pool body, an inner space formed by the second pool body sequentially comprises a flow guide area and a cyclone push flow reaction area from front to back along the length direction of the second pool body, the two areas are separated by a partition plate, and a gap is formed between the partition plate and the bottom of the second pool body; wherein,

a water flow inlet is arranged in the flow guide area, and the inlet water of the water flow inlet is the outlet water of the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank; the gap between the partition plate and the bottom of the second tank body is a water flow outlet of the flow guide area; water flow enters the diversion area through the water flow inlet and is pushed backwards through the water flow outlet to enter the lower part of the rotary push flow reaction area;

the rotary-push flow reaction zone is sequentially divided into an aeration layer and a reaction zone packing layer from bottom to top along the height direction of the second tank body; the water flow is pushed to flow backwards from a water flow outlet of the flow guide area into an aeration layer of the rotary push flow reaction area, flows upwards through a packing layer of the reaction area while continuously flowing backwards, and is discharged from a water outlet above the rear end of the second tank body after being treated; wherein,

at least one air distribution perforated pipe is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the aeration layer along the length direction of the second tank body; the air distribution perforated pipe is communicated with an air inlet and is used for guiding air containing oxygen into the aeration layer; a plurality of air distribution holes are formed in the tube body of the air distribution perforated tube at intervals along the length direction of the tube body, and each air distribution hole is formed towards the oblique lower part of the side part of the air distribution perforated tube; when the gas distribution perforated pipe is one, the gas distribution perforated pipe is positioned in the middle of the bottom of the second tank body and is away from the side wall of the second tank body by a certain distance so as to form a rotational flow gas-water mixed flow; when the number of the gas distribution perforated pipes is multiple, the gas distribution perforated pipes are arranged in parallel at intervals, the gas distribution perforated pipes on two sides are at a distance from the side wall of the second tank body, and the rotational flow gas-water mixed flow is formed between two adjacent gas distribution perforated pipes and between the gas distribution perforated pipes and the side wall of the second tank body; under the working state of the filter, observing from the cross section angle of the second tank body, a rising air-water mixed flow is formed above the air distribution perforated pipes, a falling air-water mixed flow is formed between two adjacent air distribution perforated pipes and between the air distribution perforated pipes and the side wall of the tank body, the rising air-water mixed flow and the falling air-water mixed flow both penetrate through the packing layer of the reaction zone and the aeration layer, and the rising air-water mixed flow and the falling air-water mixed flow jointly form the rotational flow state air-water mixed flow;

elastic filler is suspended in the reaction region filler layer, and is densely filled in the reaction region filler layer and positioned relative to the second tank body; the elastic filler is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped fillers convenient for fungus adhesion, each strip-shaped filler comprises a strip-shaped main body, a plurality of attachment wires are densely arranged on each strip-shaped main body along the length direction of the strip-shaped main body and extend towards the periphery, the surface of each attachment wire is an attachment surface, and aerobic bacteria in water flow are supplied to the attachment surfaces for adhesion and proliferation;

the physicochemical treatment unit comprises a light filter material filter tank, the light filter material filter tank comprises at least one third water treatment unit, the third water treatment unit comprises a third tank body, and the third tank body consists of a clear water area, a filtering area and a first water inlet area which are communicated with each other by water flow from top to bottom; wherein,

the clean water area and the filtering area, and the filtering area and the first water inlet area are separated by a filter plate, and a plurality of water flow channels for water to pass through are arranged on the filter plate;

the first water inlet area is provided with a first water inlet which is used for accessing sewage to be filtered;

the filter area is internally provided with a plurality of light elastic filter material particles with density less than that of water, and the particle size of the light elastic filter material particles is larger than the width of a water flow channel on the filter plate; after water is introduced, the light elastic filter material particles are densely distributed below the upper filter plate by the buoyancy of the water to form a filter layer, and a gap is formed between the filter layer and the lower filter plate;

the top of the clear water area is a second overflow surface of clear water;

the chemical treatment unit comprises a gravity rectification type ion exchange method sewage treatment tail end nitrogen removal device; the tail-end nitrogen removal equipment comprises at least one fourth water treatment unit, wherein the fourth water treatment unit comprises a fourth tank body, and the fourth tank body consists of a second water inlet area, a reaction area and a second water outlet area which are communicated with each other through water flow from bottom to top; wherein,

a lower filter screen partition plate is arranged between the second water inlet area and the reaction area, an upper filter screen partition plate is arranged between the reaction area and the second water outlet area, and a plurality of water through holes are formed in the upper filter screen partition plate and the lower filter screen partition plate;

the second water inlet area is provided with a second water inlet which is used for accessing sewage to be treated;

a water flow rectifying device and an ion exchange resin layer are arranged in the reaction zone; the water flow rectifying device is arranged above the lower filter screen partition plate and is used for rectifying the inlet water into laminar flow water flow; the ion exchange resin layer is composed of a plurality of ion exchange resin particles, and the particle size of each ion exchange resin particle is larger than the aperture of the limber hole;

the sewage is subjected to nitrogen removal treatment and then flows out from the top of the second water outlet area;

the sludge treatment unit comprises a sludge collecting tank, a sludge concentrating tank and sludge dewatering equipment;

the sludge collecting tank receives the excess anaerobic sludge in the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank through a pipeline, the deposited sludge at the bottom of the sludge collecting tank is pumped into the sludge concentration tank through a first sludge pump, and the concentrated sludge at the bottom of the sludge concentration tank is pumped into the sludge dewatering equipment for dewatering through a second sludge pump;

the separation liquid generated by the dehydration of the sludge treatment unit flows back to the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank for treatment;

the materialized treatment unit also comprises a coagulating sedimentation tank, the coagulating sedimentation tank receives the effluent of the spiral plug flow submerged aerobic biofilter through a pipeline and sends materialized mud containing phosphorus to the mud collecting tank of the sludge treatment unit through a pipeline; and the water outlet pipeline of the coagulating sedimentation tank is communicated with the first water inlet of the light filter material filtering tank.

The relevant content in the above technical solution is explained as follows:

1. in the scheme, the water collecting tank is used for accessing domestic sewage to be treated; and the water outlet pipeline of the water collecting tank is communicated with the sewage inlet of the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank in the biochemical treatment unit.

2. In the scheme, backwashing drainage of the light filter material filter C is sent to the water collecting tank through a pipeline; nitrogen (NO) of the terminal nitrogen removal device D₃ ^-) And the waste liquid is conveyed to the water collecting tank through a pipeline. The ammonia nitrogen is converted into Nitrate (NO) after aerobic biochemical and nitration reactions₃ ^-) The mixed liquid at the tail end of the anaerobic biochemical reactor flows back into an anaerobic biochemical combined tank, and nitrogen (N) is separated after the reduction reaction of denitrifying bacteria₂×) with denitrification effect. The waste liquid and the waste water of the three-deer are converged in a water collecting tank and then are pumped by a sewage pump, such as a sewage treatment system, for treatment.

3. In the above scheme, the emergency pool is communicated with the collecting pool through the sewage pump, and the emergency pool expands the capacity of the collecting pool and relieves the capacity of the collecting pool when encountering the impact load of short-time large-flow domestic sewage.

4. In the above scheme, the biochemical treatment unit further comprises a secondary sedimentation tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank receives the effluent of the spiral plug flow submerged aerobic biofilter through a pipeline.

5. In the scheme, the secondary sedimentation tank sends the residual activated sludge with the water content of 98% to the water collecting tank through a pipeline, so that the sludge treatment load can be reduced, and the sludge can be reduced. The wastewater containing the phosphorus-containing bacteria flows back into the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank through the water collecting tank, and phosphorus can be released after biochemical reaction, so that the treatment load of sludge is reduced.

6. In the above scheme, the physicochemical treatment unit further comprises a water storage tank, the water storage tank receives the water outlet of the light filter material filter tank through a pipeline, and the water outlet pipeline of the water storage tank is communicated with the second water inlet of the terminal nitrogen removal device.

7. In the above scheme, the device further comprises a disinfection treatment unit, wherein the disinfection treatment unit comprises a disinfection contact tank, the disinfection contact tank receives the effluent of the terminal nitrogen removal equipment through a pipeline, and the effluent is disinfected through a disinfectant if necessary.

The device also comprises a disinfectant adding device which is used for adding disinfectant into the disinfection contact tank, wherein the dosage of the disinfectant is related to the content of organic matters and microorganisms in the effluent and needs to meet the standard requirements of environmental protection and health departments, such as the total number of bacteria, the index of coliform bacteria, the retention time of the contact tank and the residual nitrogen amount of the effluent.

8. In the above scheme, the system further comprises a monitoring and metering unit, wherein the monitoring and metering unit comprises a water quality monitor and a metering tank and is used for monitoring the water outlet flow and the water quality index of the system.

9. In the scheme, the sludge collecting pool comprises an anaerobic sludge collecting pool and a materialized sludge collecting pool; the anaerobic sludge collecting tank is used for receiving the excess anaerobic sludge discharged from the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank, and the materialized sludge collecting tank is used for receiving the phosphorus-containing materialized sludge discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank.

The anaerobic excess activated sludge can be used for inoculation or agricultural fertilizer in newly-opened sewage plants, and a small amount of sludge without utilization value and materialized sludge are pumped into a sludge concentration tank by a self-suction sludge discharge pump.

10. In the scheme, sewage after aerobic biochemical treatment enters a secondary sedimentation tank, after mud-water separation, activated sludge containing aerobic microorganisms and having the water content of more than 98% and generated by the aerobic biochemical treatment is sent back to an anaerobic biochemical treatment link for retreatment and utilization, and phosphorus-accumulating bacteria contained in the activated sludge can release phosphorus after anaerobic biochemical reaction.

11. In the scheme, the aerobic biochemical treatment contains Phosphate (PO)₄³^-) The sewage enters a coagulating sedimentation tank; adding a phosphorus removal agent and a coagulant into the tank, and forming phosphorus-containing materialized sludge after mixing reaction and precipitation to be discharged, wherein the sludge consists of most of calcium phosphate and suspended matters;

the sludge after mud-water separation is discharged into a sludge collecting tank of a sludge treatment unit, and the sewage after mud-water separation still contains micro suspended matters, colloidal matters and microorganisms which are carried out with water, wherein the micro suspended matters, the colloidal matters and the microorganisms contain a small amount of phosphorus and enter an integrated light filter material filter tank for filtration.

12. In the scheme, after the sewage is filtered by the light filter material filter tank, tiny suspended matters, colloidal substances and microorganisms are effectively intercepted, so that the effluent is clear, and the indexes of TP and SS reach the standards;

if the TP index is not up to standard, pumping into a gravity rectification type ion exchange method terminal nitrogen removal device, and removing Phosphate (PO) in the sewage by anion exchange method through the terminal nitrogen removal device₄And E, cultivating ⁻) to make TP in the effluent reach the standard.

13. In the above scheme, after the third step, the effluent is firstly disinfected by the disinfection treatment unit, and then is discharged by monitoring the effluent flow and water quality index condition of the system by the monitoring and metering unit.

14. In the scheme, the sludge treatment unit collects a small amount of excess activated sludge containing anaerobic microorganisms generated by anaerobic biochemical treatment and phosphorus-containing materialized sludge discharged during materialized treatment and carries out dehydration treatment; and returning the separated liquid generated by dehydration to the biochemical treatment unit.

The design can greatly reduce the sludge, for example, ① the excess aerobic biochemical activated sludge has large amount and is difficult to dehydrate and all returns to anaerobic biochemical treatment, ② the excess anaerobic biochemical sludge has the utilization value of inoculation and fertilization and is only discharged in a small amount, and the materialized sludge and the small amount of anaerobic sludge are easy to dehydrate, thereby improving the efficiency of sludge treatment.

Therefore, the load of sewage treatment is reduced, and the outward transportation and disposal cost of sludge cakes (the water content is about 70 percent after concentration and dehydration) after sludge treatment is saved.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation and advantage as follows:

the utility model comprises biochemical treatment, physicochemical treatment and chemical treatment, wherein the three processes the domestic sewage one by one according to the sequence from the front to the back, and the ring is buckled between each treatment. Wherein,

the biochemical treatment unit is used for carrying out biochemical treatment on the sewage and is mainly used for deeply decomposing organic pollutants in the sewage under the biochemical reaction of anaerobic microorganisms and aerobic microorganisms; specifically, the biochemical treatment unit comprises anaerobic biochemical treatment and aerobic biochemical treatment; the anaerobic biochemical treatment is completed by an up-flow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank, the anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank provides good survival and reproduction conditions for various anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic facultative bacteria of anaerobic biochemistry, the chain reaction effect can be fully exerted in the treatment process of decomposing organic pollutants in sewage, and meanwhile, favorable conditions are created for aerobic biochemical treatment; organic nitrogen contained in the sewage is converted into ammonia nitrogen after biochemical and ammoniation reaction, and organic phosphorus is converted into inorganic phosphorus after biochemical reaction; aerobic biochemical treatment is completed through a cyclone flow submerged aerobic biofilter, the cyclone flow submerged aerobic biofilter constructs a good living and propagating environment for aerobic bacteria and aerobic facultative bacteria, and sewage is rich in organic matters required by aerobic microorganisms and oxygen fed by a blower; after a biofilm is formed on the surface of the filler, the filler can be continuously updated under the condition of air-water rotational flow, the effect of decomposing organic pollutants by biological contact oxidation is kept, the advantages of an activated sludge method and a biofilm method are achieved, the survival and the propagation of nitrifying bacteria with longer generation time are facilitated, ammonia nitrogen in water flow is nitrified into nitrite and nitrate, conditions are created for biological denitrification, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria have the characteristic of excessive phosphorus adsorption, so that the phosphorus content of biochemical effluent is reduced;

the physicochemical treatment unit is used for performing physicochemical treatment on the sewage, and is mainly used for performing dephosphorization treatment (removing phosphate) on the sewage after biochemical treatment and removing micro suspended matters, colloidal substances and part of microorganisms in the sewage; specifically, phosphorus removal and flocculant are added into a coagulating sedimentation tank to remove phosphorus and coagulate suspended matters so as to separate mud from water; fine suspended matters, organic pollutants and microorganisms can be effectively intercepted in the filtering process of the light filter material filtering pool, the filtering membrane is formed quickly, the function of further removing COD, SS and TP is achieved, the effluent is clear, and favorable conditions are created for subsequent chemical treatment; the coagulating sedimentation tank and the integrated light filter material filtering tank are combined, so that the dosage of the added phosphorus removing agent and the coagulant can be reduced, the sludge amount is also reduced, and the operating cost is saved;

the chemical treatment unit carries out chemical treatment on the sewage, and nitrate Nitrogen (NO) in the sewage after the physicochemical treatment₃ ^-) (and PO)₄ ^3-) Removing; specifically, the nitrogen removal equipment at the tail end of sewage treatment by the gravity rectification type ion exchange method can obviously reduce the TN (total nitrogen) content in the effluent; by using a gravity ion exchange method with Cl^-Type strong base (or weak base) anion exchange resin particle to NO in sewage₃ ^-And ion exchange is carried out, and meanwhile, a water flow rectifying device is adopted, the volume ratio of an ion exchange resin layer is improved, and the effect of the ion exchange reaction is prevented from being influenced by disordered layers of the ion exchange resin in the running or regeneration process.

The sludge treatment unit is used for collecting a small amount of excess activated sludge containing anaerobic microorganisms after anaerobic biochemical treatment and phosphorus-containing materialized sludge discharged from the coagulating sedimentation tank and carrying out concentration and dehydration treatment. The mud cake formed after dehydration has smaller volume and is more convenient for outward transportation and disposal; the separated liquid generated by dehydration can be sent back to the anaerobic biochemical treatment link for retreatment.

Wherein, the backwashing drainage of the light filter material filter tank flows back to the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank through a pipeline for retreatment.

The treatment ring of the biochemical treatment, the physicochemical treatment and the chemical treatment on the domestic sewage of the utility model is buckled, and is absolutely indispensable. The upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank, the rotary-push flow submerged aerobic biofilter, the integrated light filter material filter tank and the gravity rectification type ion exchange method sewage treatment tail end nitrogen removal equipment are all high-efficiency and low-consumption process design schemes, and are convenient to popularize and implement.

After the sewage is lifted by the water pump for the first time, the sewage sequentially passes through an anaerobic biochemical tank, an aerobic biochemical tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a coagulating sedimentation tank, a light filter material filtering tank and a water storage tank to treat structures, the sewage can be automatically arranged in elevation according to the position difference, and when TN and TP indexes do not reach the standard, the sewage is lifted to a tail end nitrogen removal device for the second time by a low-lift clean water pump, so that the water pump electricity cost is saved, and the operation is simple and convenient.

The aerobic biochemical mixed liquid does not flow back, thereby saving the facility investment of flow back and the electricity fee, reducing the air supply load of the blower and saving much electricity fee; the water is filtered efficiently by the integrated light filter material filter, the discharged water is clear, and the water can be directly pumped into a tail end nitrogen removal device, so that the disinfection cost can be saved; to sum up, the utility model discloses treatment effect to domestic sewage has improved, and the working costs has reduced.

The utility model discloses the factor of operation is all considered to the structure of each main unit, so operation management is simple and convenient, can realize automatic operation when necessary, the normal operating of total accuse room centralized control overall process.

The sewage treatment plant that has run for many years is because of treatment process or structure technical problem, and the treatment effect is unstable, if it is very high to push down the reconstruction cost, can refer to the utility model discloses a scheme takes necessary remedy or local technical transformation, reducible engineering investment, save the working costs, make things convenient for operation management, discharge to reach standard.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a circulating backwash pipeline in an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a filter filler in an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a spiral-thrust submerged aerobic biofilter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 8;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a downward viewing angle of the integrated light filter material filter tank according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure B-B of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure C-C of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a water filter in a light filter material filter tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic sectional view of a second inlet tube in the light filter material filtering tank according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a terminal nitrogen removal device according to an embodiment of the present invention (a schematic structural view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 20);

FIG. 19 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a top view of FIG. 18;

FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a piping system in the terminal nitrogen removal apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic sectional view of a water outlet perforated pipe in the terminal nitrogen removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid inlet perforated pipe in the terminal nitrogen removal apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic sectional view of a second inlet pipe of the terminal nitrogen removal apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid plate in the terminal nitrogen removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the above drawings: 1. a first tank body; 2. a vortex reaction zone; 3. a suspension reaction zone; 4. filtering the reaction zone; 5. a first water outlet zone; 6. an inverted trapezoidal channel; 7. a water inlet pipe; 8. a sewage conduit; 9. water permeable holes; 10. a mud discharging hopper; 11. a sludge discharge pipeline; 12. a mud valve; 13. filtering the filler; 14. attaching a wire; 15. a first overflow surface; 16. backwashing the water-absorbing perforated pipe; 17. backwashing the water suction pipe; 18. backwashing the water outlet pipe; 19. backwashing the water outlet perforated pipe; 20. a water outlet hole; 21. a pipeline sewage pump; 22. an electrically operated valve; 23. a check valve; 24. a first water outlet channel; 25. a water outlet pipe; 26. a toothed edge; 27. a water collection tank; 31. a second tank body; 32. a partition wall; 33. a flow guide area; 34. a rotational plug flow reaction zone; 35. a partition plate; 36. a water flow inlet; 37. a water flow outlet; 38. an aeration layer; 39. a diversion area packing layer; 40. a diversion water outlet layer; 41. a reaction zone packing layer; 42. a water outlet; 43. arranging an air distribution perforated pipe; 44. distributing air holes; 45. swirling flow type gas-water mixed flow; 451. rising gas-water mixed flow; 452. a descending gas-water mixed stream; 46. a gas distribution header pipe; 47. a gas distribution branch pipe; 48. a tooth-shaped water outlet channel; 49. a water outlet pipe; 50. rotating and pushing the flow-state gas-water mixed flow; 51. a third tank body; 52. a clear water zone; 53. a filtration zone; 54. a first water intake zone; 55. filtering the plate; 56. a water filter head; 57. a water flow channel; 58. a first water inlet; 59. a water inlet pipe; 60. water permeable holes; 61. a filter layer; 62. a gap; 63. a second overflow surface; 64. a second water outlet channel; 65. a water outlet pipe; 66. a toothed edge; 67. an access hole; 68. a filter cap; 69. a water inlet; 59 a. a first inlet pipe; 59B, a second water inlet pipe; 71. a second water intake zone; 72. a reaction zone; 73. a second water outlet zone; 74. a lower screen separator; 75. a filter screen clapboard is arranged; 76. a second water inlet; 77. an inverted trapezoidal channel; 78. a first water inlet pipe; 79. a second water inlet pipe; 80. water permeable holes; 81. a water flow rectifying device; 82. a sewage inlet valve; 83. a first flow meter; 84. an ion exchange resin layer; 85. a flow rectifying hole; 86. a water outlet perforated pipe; 87. a water outlet branch pipe; 88. a water outlet valve; 89. a water outlet main pipe; 90. a water inlet hole; 91. a liquid inlet perforated pipe; 92. a liquid inlet branch pipe; 93. a liquid inlet valve; 94. a liquid inlet header pipe; 95. a liquid discharge pipe; 96. a drain valve; 97. a second flow meter; 98. a liquid outlet hole; 99. a grid plate; 100. a grid; 101. a mud collecting pool; 102. a sludge concentration tank; 103. a sludge dewatering device; 104. a water collecting tank; 105. an emergency pool; 106. a secondary sedimentation tank; 107. a coagulating sedimentation tank; 108. a water storage tank; 109. disinfecting the contact tank; 110. a water quality monitor; 111. a metering tank; 112. a sewage pump; A. an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank; B. a rotary push flow submerged aerobic biofilter; C. a light filter material filter tank; D. the gravity rectification type ion exchange method sewage treatment terminal denitrogenation equipment.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples:

example (b): referring to the attached figure 1, an optimized combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment; the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a biochemical treatment unit, a physicochemical treatment unit, a chemical treatment unit and a sludge treatment unit; the domestic sewage is treated by the biochemical treatment unit, the physicochemical treatment unit and the chemical treatment unit in sequence.

The biochemical treatment unit comprises an upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank A and a rotary-push flow submerged aerobic biological filter B;

as shown in fig. 2 ~ 7, the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank a includes at least one first water treatment unit, and the number of the first water treatment units can be determined by measuring design parameters such as COD volume load and surface hydraulic load according to the scale and water quality condition of the treated object, and the uniform layout of the sewage treatment facilities.

The first water treatment unit comprises a first tank body 1, and an internal space formed by the first tank body 1 is sequentially divided into a vortex reaction zone 2, a suspension reaction zone 3, a filtration reaction zone 4 and a first water outlet zone 5 from bottom to top according to different functions of sewage treatment; the sewage enters from the vortex reaction zone 2 at the lowest part of the first tank body 1, flows upwards through the suspension reaction zone 3 and the filtration reaction zone 4 in sequence, and overflows from the first water outlet zone 5 after being treated; wherein,

the bottom of the vortex reaction zone 2 is provided with two inverted trapezoidal channels 6 along the horizontal direction, each inverted trapezoidal channel 6 is arranged in parallel, the bottom of each inverted trapezoidal channel 6 is horizontally provided with a water inlet pipe 7, the water inlet pipe 7 is communicated with a sewage inlet, and the sewage inlet is a water outlet of a sewage pipeline 8 accessed from the upper part of the first tank body 1 and used for introducing sewage to be treated into the vortex reaction zone 2; a plurality of water permeable holes 9 are formed in the pipe body of the water inlet pipe 7 at intervals along the length direction of the pipe body, and each water permeable hole 9 is formed towards the oblique lower part of the side part of the water inlet pipe 7, so that the water flow of the water outlet of each water permeable hole 9 impacts the side wall of the inverted trapezoidal channel 6; the inclined angle of the permeable holes 9 is preferably 45 degrees, and the permeable holes 9 are arranged in a crossed manner;

through the design of the inverted trapezoid channel 6, sewage is via each upward flow is flowed to the hole 9 of permeating water, can form velocity of flow gradient in the direction of height of vortex reaction zone 2, and rivers are carried out the offset by fast to slow and the sunken granule mud in first cell body 1 upper portion, form vortex form contact reaction, and can further promote the degree of mixing of mud granule and sewage through the effect of vortex, are favorable to promoting the efficiency that biochemical reaction handled sewage.

A sludge discharge hopper 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the suspension reaction zone 3, the sludge discharge hopper is a container and is provided with an upward opening, the bottom of the sludge discharge hopper 10 is connected with a sludge discharge pipeline 11, and the sludge discharge pipeline 11 extends to the outside of the first tank body 1; the sludge discharge hopper 10 is also provided with a slope, when a sludge discharge valve 12 in a sludge discharge pipeline 11 is opened, the water flow in the suspension reaction zone 3 carries light granular sludge to be discharged out of the first tank body 1, so that redundant granular sludge generated in the sewage treatment process is periodically discharged.

A plurality of plastic elastic hard fiber filtering fillers 13 are suspended in the filtering reaction zone 4, and the filtering fillers 13 are densely filled in the filtering reaction zone 4 and positioned relative to the first tank body 1;

as shown in fig. 6, each of the filter fillers 13 is a strip, and includes a strip-shaped main body, a plurality of attachment filaments 14 are densely arranged on the strip-shaped main body along the length direction thereof and extending toward the periphery, the surface of each attachment filament 14 is an attachment surface for attaching and proliferating anaerobic bacteria in the ascending water flow;

anaerobic bacteria are attached to the attachment surface to form a biological membrane, and the sewage which flows upwards from the suspension reaction zone 3 to the filtration reaction zone 4 contains a large amount of bacteria, organic pollutants and the like which are adsorbed by the biological membrane on the attachment surface and continue biochemical reaction to continue to generate methane; when the biological membrane grows gradually to be thick, the biological membrane falls off due to self weight (or back washing), and sludge-water separation and sludge-gas separation are realized; therefore, the filtering reaction zone 4 not only has the function of three-phase (water, gas and mud) separation, but also can maintain high-efficiency biochemical reaction effect because the biological membrane is continuously updated. Through the design of a plurality of attachment wires 14, the attachment surface of the single elastic filler 13 can be greatly increased, which is beneficial to generating a denser biological film and improving the biochemical reaction effect.

The top of the first water outlet zone 5 is a first overflow surface 15, and the treated water flows out of the first tank body through the first overflow surface 15;

the device also comprises a circulating back-flushing pipeline which is used for back-flushing the filtering filler 13 in the filtering reaction area 4 during sludge discharge maintenance; the circulating backwashing pipeline comprises a backwashing water suction perforated pipe 16, a backwashing water suction pipe 17, a backwashing water outlet pipe 18 and a backwashing water outlet perforated pipe 19 which are communicated;

at least one backwashing water-absorbing perforated pipe 16 is arranged in the suspension reaction zone 3 and is used for absorbing water; the backwashing water outlet perforated pipe 19 comprises a plurality of pipes, is arranged at the top of the filtering reaction zone 4 and is used for water outlet; each backwashing water outlet perforated pipe 19 is arranged along the horizontal direction, and the backwashing water outlet perforated pipes 19 are arranged in parallel at intervals along the horizontal direction; and a plurality of water outlet holes 20 are arranged below each backwashing water outlet perforated pipe 19 at intervals along the length direction of the backwashing water outlet perforated pipe, each water outlet hole 20 is obliquely arranged, the angle of the oblique arrangement is preferably 45 degrees, and the water permeable holes 20 are arranged in a crossed manner, so that the washing coverage is enlarged.

A suction pump is connected in series between the backwash water suction pipe 17 and the backwash water outlet pipe 18, the suction pump is specifically a pipeline sewage pump 21 and is used for generating negative pressure in the backwash water suction pipe 17 and positive pressure in the backwash water outlet pipe 18 to form that the backwash water suction perforated pipe 16 sucks water in the suspension reaction zone 3, and the backwash water outlet perforated pipe 19 discharges water above the filtration reaction zone 4 and washes the filter filler 13 from top to bottom. An electric valve 22 and a check valve 23 are connected in series between the backwash water suction pipe 17 and the backwash water outlet pipe 18, the electric valve 22 is used for opening and closing a pipeline, and the check valve 23 is used for preventing water from flowing backwards at the moment when the pipeline sewage pump 21 is closed.

A first water outlet channel 24 is arranged at the top of the first water outlet zone 5, the arrangement position of the first water outlet channel 24 is lower than the arrangement position of the first overflow surface 15, and the arrangement position of the first overflow surface 15 is lower than the top edge of the first tank body 1; and the first water outlet channel 24 is arranged in a downward inclination way, and the tail end of the first water outlet channel is connected with a water outlet pipe 25 as a water outlet end. With this design, when the water flows upwards and overflows through the first overflow surface 15, the water flows into the first water outlet channel 24, and after the water flows are collected through the first water outlet channel 24, the water flows are guided into the water collection tank 27 through the inclined design of the water collection tank and flows out through the water outlet pipe 25.

The first overflow surface 15 is provided with a tooth-shaped edge 26 corresponding to the first water outlet channel 24; so that the overflowing water flow can overflow evenly and flow softly, and further the water flow in the first tank body 1 flows evenly and distributively, and the treatment effect is ensured.

Wherein, the top of the first tank body 1 is provided with a detachable light movable cover body (not shown). By means of the design, the installation and maintenance of facilities in the pool are not influenced, the suction and blowing dual-purpose fan is convenient to install, methane is well sucked from the top of the pool through a pipeline and is pumped into the air blowing below the packing layer of the aerobic biochemical pool, methane and carbon dioxide in the methane are adsorbed and utilized by aerobic microorganisms, and meanwhile, the problem that secondary pollution is caused when the methane and the carbon dioxide are directly discharged into the atmosphere is avoided. In addition, the heat-insulating device can also play a role in heat insulation in winter.

The upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank A provides good survival and reproduction conditions for various anaerobic bacteria and facultative bacteria in three stages of anaerobic biochemistry through three different reaction processes of upflow vortex, suspension and filtration, and can fully play the chain reaction role in the treatment process of decomposing organic pollutants in sewage. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, organic nitrogen contained in sewage is converted into ammonia nitrogen after biochemical and ammoniation reaction; the organic phosphorus is converted into inorganic phosphorus after biochemical reaction; the water content of the residual activated sludge generated by aerobic biochemical treatment is more than 98 percent, and the residual activated sludge is rich in phosphorus accumulating bacteria, and if the residual activated sludge flows back into the anaerobic biochemical combined tank, phosphorus can be released after biochemical reaction; and the sludge can be reduced, and the treatment load of the sludge is reduced. Secondly, after aerobic biochemical and nitration reactions, ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate (NO 3)^-) NO 3-containing regenerated by anion exchange^-The waste liquid flows back to the anaerobic biochemical combined tank, and nitrogen (N2 ×) is separated after the reduction reaction of denitrifying bacteria, so that the denitrification effect is achieved.

The upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined pool A is constructed to be suitable for the good living and reproduction environment with various anaerobic facultative bacteria and pure anaerobic bacteria, enough anaerobic activated sludge and biomembranes are always reserved to be in full contact reaction with continuous domestic sewage, organic pollutants are decomposed, particularly high molecular weight organic matters which are difficult to decompose in aerobic biochemical process are decomposed, the biodegradability of the organic matters is improved, and favorable conditions are created for aerobic biochemical treatment.

In which, as shown in figure 8 ~ 11,

the spiral plug flow submerged aerobic biofilter B comprises two second water treatment units, wherein the two second water treatment units comprise a second tank body 31, and the two second water treatment units are horizontally attached side by side in the width direction of the filter to form a whole. Wherein, the joint surface of the two second water treatment units is a partition wall 32, a gap is formed between the partition wall 32 and the bottom of the second tank body 31, and the bottoms of the second tank bodies 31 forming the two second water treatment units are communicated with each other.

The internal space formed by the second tank body 31 of each second water treatment unit is sequentially provided with a flow guide area 33 and a vortex flow reaction area 34 from front to back along the length direction of the internal space, the two areas are separated by a partition plate 35, and the partition plate 35 and the bottom of the second tank body 31 are also provided with a gap;

a water flow inlet 36 is arranged above the flow guide region 33, and a gap between the partition plate 35 and the bottom of the second tank body 31 is a water flow outlet 37 of the flow guide region 33; water flows into the flow guiding zone 33 through the water flow inlet 36 and is pushed back into the underside of the cyclone reaction zone 34 via the water flow outlet 37. The flow guide zone 33 is sequentially divided into an aeration layer 38, a flow guide zone packing layer 39 and a flow guide water outlet layer 40 from bottom to top along the height direction of the second tank body 31.

The swirling flow reaction zone 34 is sequentially divided into an aeration layer 38 and a reaction zone packing layer 41 from bottom to top along the height direction of the second tank body 31; the aeration layer 38 of the flow guide zone 33 is communicated with the aeration layer 38 of the vortex flow reaction zone 34 into a whole; the water flows through the pushing, flows backwards from the water flow outlet of the flow guiding region 33 into the aeration layer 38 of the rotational flow reaction region 34, flows upwards through the packing layer 41 of the reaction region while continuing to flow backwards, and is discharged from a water outlet 42 above the rear end of the second tank body 31 after being treated; wherein,

at least one air distribution perforated pipe 43 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the aeration layer 38 along the length direction of the second tank body 31; the air distribution pipe 43 is connected to an air inlet for introducing air containing oxygen into the aeration layer 38; a plurality of air distribution holes 44 are formed in the tube body of the air distribution perforated tube 43 at intervals along the length direction of the tube body, and each air distribution hole 44 is opened towards the oblique lower part of the side part of the air distribution perforated tube 43; when the gas distribution perforated pipe 43 is one, the gas distribution perforated pipe 43 is located at the middle position of the bottom of the second tank body 31 and has a distance from the side wall of the second tank body 31 to form a rotational flow state gas-water mixed flow 45; when the air distribution perforated pipes 43 are multiple, each air distribution perforated pipe 43 is arranged in parallel and at intervals, the air distribution perforated pipes 43 on two sides have a distance from the side wall of the second tank body 31, and the swirling-state air-water mixed flow 45 is formed between two adjacent air distribution perforated pipes 43 and between the air distribution perforated pipes 43 and the side wall of the second tank body 31; in the operating state of the filter, when viewed from the cross section of the second tank 31, an ascending gas-water mixed flow 451 is formed above the gas distribution perforated pipe 43, and descending gas-water mixed flows 452 are formed between two adjacent gas distribution perforated pipes 43 and between the gas distribution perforated pipe 43 and the side wall of the second tank 31. When the ascending gas-water mixed flow 451 approaches the top of the second tank 31, the air contained in the ascending gas-water mixed flow is released, and after the air is released, the ascending gas-water mixed flow continues to descend into the second tank as the descending gas-water mixed flow 452 due to the larger volume weight; therefore, the descending gas-water mixture flow 452 contains little or no air, and has a larger volume weight than the ascending gas-water mixture flow 451, and a different gravity flow effect is generated by the difference in volume weight between the two. The rising gas-water mixed flow 451 and the falling gas-water mixed flow 452 both penetrate through the reaction region packing layer 41 and the aeration layer 38, and both of them constitute the swirling gas-water mixed flow 45.

Elastic fillers are suspended in the diversion area filler layer 39 and the reaction area filler layer 41, and are densely filled in the diversion area filler layer 39 and the reaction area filler layer 41 and positioned relative to the second tank body 31; the elastic filler is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped fillers convenient for fungus adhesion, each strip-shaped filler comprises a strip-shaped main body, a plurality of attachment wires are densely arranged on each strip-shaped main body along the length direction of the strip-shaped main body and extend towards the periphery, the surface of each attachment wire is an attachment surface, and aerobic bacteria in water flow are adhered and proliferated on the attachment surface.

The gas distribution and supply system comprises a gas distribution and supply pipeline, wherein the gas distribution and supply pipeline is formed by connecting a gas distribution main pipe 46 and a plurality of gas distribution branch pipes 47; the air distribution main pipe 46 is communicated with the air inlet and is arranged above the second tank body 31 along the horizontal direction; the gas distribution branch pipes 47 are provided with a plurality of gas distribution branch pipes 47, each gas distribution branch pipe 47 is communicated with the gas distribution main pipe 46, and each gas distribution branch pipe 47 extends downwards into the bottom of the second tank body 31 and is communicated with the gas distribution perforated pipe 43.

The water outlet 42 is arranged at the rear of the top of the water outlet layer of the reaction zone, the water outlet 42 is communicated with a tooth-shaped water outlet channel 48, and the tooth-shaped water outlet channel 48 is connected with a water outlet pipe 49.

Wherein, there is a gap from the bottom of the tank through the partition 35 between the diversion area 33 and the vortex-flow reaction area 34, and by the design of the gap, the water flow entering the vortex-flow reaction area 34 generates a thrust force which helps the water flow to be uniformly transferred to the whole vortex-flow reaction area 34;

meanwhile, due to the thrust, the plurality of swirling-state air-water mixed flows 45 originally formed in the swirling-flow reaction region 34 are pushed backward, and each swirling-state air-water mixed flow 45 is influenced by the swirling-state air-water mixed flow and moves backward while turning over itself up and down, so that a backward swirling-state air-water mixed flow 50 is formed.

The cyclone plug flow submerged aerobic biofilter B is characterized in that an aeration layer 38 at the bottom of the filter is provided with an air distribution perforated pipe 43, air distribution holes 44 on the air distribution perforated pipe 43 are arranged downwards in a 45-degree crossed manner, and at least an elastic filler is arranged in a filler layer 41 in a reaction zone; when the pool is filled with water flow, the blower is started to supply air to the air distribution perforated pipe 43, and the water without air greatly flows downwards due to the small rise of the volume weight of the water with air, so that the effect of density flow is generated, and a swirling flow state is formed; when water flows through the diversion area 33 and enters the vortex flow reaction area 34 at the lower part of the tank, the water flows are pushed like a spiral shape to repeatedly pass through the packing layer 41 of the reaction area for contact reaction until the treated mud-water mixed liquid overflows and is discharged, and the mud-water mixed liquid automatically flows into the secondary sedimentation tank 106 for mud-water separation.

The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: first, the diversion area 33 has the functions of uniform distribution and rectification, after the water flow enters the diversion area 33, the floating objects in the water flow float up to the overflow surface of the diversion area 33 due to the low density, and the floating objects can be prevented from entering the vortex-push flow reaction area 34 due to the separation of the overflow surface of the diversion area 33 and the overflow surface of the vortex-push flow reaction area 34. Secondly, the elastic filler layer in the rotational-thrust reaction zone 34 has extremely large surface area of the filler and is a good carrier for microorganisms; after a biological film is formed on the surface of the elastic filler, the elastic filler can be continuously updated under the condition of air-water rotational flow, and the effect of decomposing organic pollutants through biological contact oxidation is kept; in addition, as the second tank body 31 does not overflow and the activated sludge is reserved, a backflow link does not exist, namely, an anoxic link does not exist, so that the nitrifying bacteria with longer generation time can survive and propagate, ammonia nitrogen in the water flow is nitrified into nitrite and nitrate, a condition is created for biological denitrification, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria can excessively adsorb phosphorus, so that the phosphorus content of aerobic biochemical effluent is reduced; the elastic filler in the rotational-thrust reaction zone 34 comprises a biological film, a filler bracket and the like, the volume of the tank is less than 10%, and the volume of the tank is more than 90% of the volume of the tank is an activated sludge rotational flow reaction zone, so that organic pollutants are promoted to be decomposed by contact oxidation. Has the double functions of a biomembrane method and an activated sludge method. Thirdly, the effective utilization rate of the volume is high in the environment of the rotary thrust flow, short circuit is avoided, the air distribution perforated pipes at the bottom of the tank are arranged in a mode of 45-degree downward hole distribution in a crossed mode, when the air flow rises to the packing layer 41 in the reaction zone, bubbles are cut by the packing wires repeatedly, and the utilization rate of oxygen is improved; in addition, the air distribution perforated pipe 43 is convenient to install, firm to install, not easy to damage and generally free of maintenance; fourthly, the microorganisms gathered by the rotary-push flow biofilter are sufficient, and the sludge does not need to flow back, so that pumps and pipelines can be saved; the amount of the generated excess sludge is small, and the problem of loss caused by expansion of activated sludge can not occur; fifthly, the operation is stable, and the specific activity sludge method is simple and convenient to operate and manage.

The rotary push flow submerged aerobic biofilter B is constructed to be suitable for the good living and propagation environment with various aerobic facultative bacteria and pure aerobic bacteria, enough aerobic activated sludge and biomembranes are always left, and the aerobic activated sludge and the biomembranes are in full contact reaction with the sewage after anaerobic biochemical treatment to further decompose organic pollutants, so that COD and BOD are enabled to be₅The biochemical index reaches the expected requirement.

In which, as shown in figure 12 ~ 17,

the materialization treatment unit comprises a light filter material filter C, the light filter material filter C comprises two third water treatment units arranged in parallel, each third water treatment unit comprises a third tank body 51, and the third tank body 51 is composed of a clear water area 52, a filtering area 53 and a first water inlet area 54 which are communicated with each other.

Wherein, the clean water area 52 and the filtering area 53, and the filtering area 53 and the first water inlet area 54 are separated by a filter plate 55, and the filter plate 55 is composed of a plate body and a plurality of water filters 56 (commonly called as water caps) uniformly distributed on the plate body; the water filter head 56 comprises a filter cap 68 and a water inlet 69 which are communicated, the filter cap 68 is arranged on the filter plate 55 and is positioned at one side of the filter area 53, and the water inlet 69 is arranged on the filter plate 55 and is positioned at one side of the first water inlet area 54 or the clean water area 52; the water filter 56 is provided with a plurality of water flow channels 57, and the water flow channels 57 are in a slit shape.

Wherein the first water inlet area 54 has a first water inlet 58, and the first water inlet 58 is used for receiving the sewage to be filtered;

a water inlet pipe 59 is arranged in the first water inlet area 54, the water inlet pipe 59 is communicated with the first water inlet 58, and a plurality of water permeable holes 60 are formed in the pipe body of the water inlet pipe 59, so that water can be uniformly discharged. The water inlet pipe 59 is horizontally arranged in the first water inlet area 54, and the water permeable holes 60 on the water inlet pipe 59 are opened towards the oblique lower parts of the two sides of the water inlet pipe 59, so that when water enters, the water flows out of the water permeable holes 60 and disturbs the water flow at the bottom of the first water inlet area 54 of the third tank body 51, and dirt is prevented from being precipitated.

Moreover, two water inlet pipes 59 are arranged, and the two water inlet pipes 59 are arranged in parallel one above the other; wherein one end of the first water inlet pipe 59A is the first water inlet 58, the other end is connected with the middle part of the second water inlet pipe 59B, and the water permeable hole 60 is arranged on the second water inlet pipe 59B. By this design, sewage is guided into the middle of the second water inlet pipe 59B through the first water inlet pipe 59A, flows towards the two ends of the second water inlet pipe 59B, and uniformly flows out of the water permeable holes 60 at the two ends of the pipe body, so that the water flow of the first water inlet area 54 can uniformly flow, the uniform part of the whole water flow of the filter tank is favorable, and the uniform filtering effect is improved.

Wherein, the filtering area 53 contains a plurality of light elastic filtering material particles (not shown) with density less than water, and the particle size of the light elastic filtering material particles is larger than the width of the water flow channel 57 on the filtering plate 55; after water is supplied, the light elastic filter material particles are densely distributed below the upper filter plate 55 through the buoyancy of the water to form a filter layer 61, a gap 62 is formed between the filter layer and the lower filter plate 55, and the gap 62 is used for backwashing and expanding the light elastic filter material particles during backwashing.

Wherein, the top of the clean water area 52 is a second overflow surface 63 of clean water, and the second overflow surface 63 is used for overflowing the filtered clean water. The height between the second overflow surface 63 and the upper filter plate 55 depends on the volume of water required for a backwash. A second water outlet channel 64 is arranged at the top of the clean water area 52, the arrangement position of the second water outlet channel 64 is lower than that of the second overflow surface 63, and the arrangement position of the second overflow surface 63 is lower than the top edge of the third tank body 51; and the second water outlet channel 64 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the tail end of the second water outlet channel is connected to a water outlet pipe 65 as a water outlet end. When the clean water overflows upwards through the second overflow surface 63, the clean water enters the second water outlet channel 64, is collected through the second water outlet channel 64, and is guided into the water outlet pipe 65 to flow out through the inclined design.

The second overflow surface 63 is provided with a toothed edge 66 corresponding to the second water outlet channel 64, so that the overflowing water flows uniformly and softly, and further, the water flows in the third tank body 51 are uniformly distributed and flow, and the filtering effect is improved.

Because the filter material particles adopt light filter materials, when the filter works, all the filter material particles can be concentrated and densely distributed below the upper filter plate 55 through the buoyancy of water to form a stable and reliable filter layer 61 with thickness, the filter layer 61 can uniformly and balancedly filter sewage, the third tank body 51 is convenient for water flow to be uniformly distributed, and the filter effect is improved.

In addition, because the filter material particles adopt light filter materials, the requirement on the strength of backwashing is low. That is, the filter material can be backwashed by using the self weight of the clean water stored in the clean water area 52 as the power for the backwash, and the equipment investment and the use cost such as an external backwash pump and a pipeline are eliminated, so that the filter tank can be integrated into a small structure, and the floor area of the filter tank when in use can be reduced.

The filtering material particles have elasticity, so that the filtering material particles have certain extrusion deformation capacity, when water flows through the filtering area 53, the filtering layer 61 consisting of the filtering material particles becomes very tight, so that the filtering effect can be improved during filtering, and the light elastic filtering material particles have toughness, so that the local penetration of the filtering layer 61 can be avoided during backwashing, and the backwashing effect is improved.

In addition, the elastic characteristics of the light elastic filter material particles show that the surfaces of the light elastic filter material particles have a plurality of micropore structures, so that the actual adsorption surface area is large, and the adsorption effect on the sewage is favorably improved; in addition, the filter material has the advantages of high strength, difficult breakage, small water flow resistance, high filtering speed and the like, and the price of the filter material is lower than that of quartz sand in volume, so that the cost can be reduced. The light elastic filter material particles are preferably polypropylene ethylene foam particles, and can also be light elastic particles made of other plastic materials.

Wherein, the setting of filter plate 55 not only will light elasticity filter material granule keep apart in within the filtering area 53, its setting through several rivers passageways 57 can also make the rivers of the water inflow of filtering area 53, play water can both evenly distributed to promote the filter effect, and also can equipartition play water when the back flush and wash the filter layer, promote the washing effect.

The width of the water flow channel 57 can be determined according to the particle size of the light elastic filter material particles, and if the width of the gap is large, the resistance to water is small, otherwise, the resistance is large. The selection of the particle size of the filter material particles depends on the water quality, and the particle size of the commonly used filter material particles is 1mm, 2 mm or 3mm, however, the particle size of the smallest light elastic filter material particles in the filter chamber must be larger than the width of the water flow channel 57 on the water filter head 56, otherwise, the filter material particles will run off through the water flow channel.

The number of the third water treatment units can be more than two, and the third water treatment units are arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction, so that when one or more third water treatment units need to stop working for maintenance and other operations, other third water treatment units can also continue to work, and the working sustainability of the filter tank is further ensured.

Wherein, it also includes a control circuit (not shown), the control circuit is electrically connected with a flowmeter and an electric control valve; the flow meter is used for detecting the flow rate of the clean water flowing out of the clean water area 52, and the electric control valve is arranged corresponding to the first water inlet 58 of the first water inlet area 54 and is used for starting backwashing and controlling the flushing force.

Specifically, the flow meter may be disposed corresponding to the water outlet pipe 65; the electric control valve can control to stop injecting sewage into the first water inlet 58 and open the first water inlet 58, and because the first water inlet 58 is arranged below the filter chamber, water flow can automatically flow downwards through liquid level pressure difference for backwashing.

During filtering, as the filtering layer 61 in the filtering area 53 continuously filters the sewage accumulated dirt and continuously receives upward pressure of the sewage below, after a long time of working, the water passing capacity of the filtering layer 61 will be reduced, and further the outflow of clean water in the clean water area 52 is reduced; when the flow meter detects that the outflow of the clean water is lower than a preset value, the flow meter can understand that the flow of the clean water in the filter layer 61 is reduced, the control circuit controls to start the back washing, and when the clean water in the clean water area 52 is reduced to a certain position after the back washing for a period of time, a signal can be fed back to the control circuit through a liquid level sensor to stop the back washing.

The volume of the clear water area 52 is equal to the water quantity required by one-time back washing, and when the back washing is carried out, only a back washing drainage valve (an electric control valve) needs to be opened, and the back washing strength can be manually controlled.

Wherein, the side parts of the filtering area 53 and the first water inlet area 54 are both provided with an access hole 67 so as to be convenient for personnel to enter and exit during shutdown maintenance.

The light filter material filter C has two functions of filtering and backwashing;

during filtering, the flow direction of the water flow is from bottom to top, sewage flows into the water inlet pipe 59 (59A and 59B) through the first water inlet 58 of the first water inlet area 54, flows into the first water inlet area 54 through the water permeable holes 60 on the water inlet pipe 59, flows into the filtering area 53 through the lower filter plate 55, is filtered through the filter layer 61 composed of light elastic filter material particles, and flows into the clear water area 52 through the upper filter plate 55 and overflows from the top of the clear water area 52.

During filtration, light filter material filtering pond C has five distributions to the rivers to reach the equipartition distribution of rivers, promote the filter effect, the corresponding structure of this five distributions is respectively: the connection form of the first inlet pipe 59, the first inlet pipe 59 and the second inlet pipe 59 are uniformly provided with water permeable holes 60; secondly, a plurality of water filters 56 are uniformly distributed on the lower layer filter plate 55; thirdly, a filter layer 61 composed of light elastic filter material particles; fourthly, a plurality of water filters 56 are uniformly distributed on the upper filtering plate 55; and a second overflow surface 63 with a toothed edge 66.

During the backwashing, the water flow is from top to bottom, i.e. the clean water passing through the clean water zone 52 washes down the filter layer 61 of lightweight elastic filter material particles in the filter zone 53. During flushing, the filter layer 61 is dispersed and expanded downwards, dirt accumulated on the filter layer 61 is washed away, flushing water carrying the dirt flows into the first water inlet area 54 through the water flow channel 57 on the lower filter plate 55 and flows out of the filter chamber through the water inlet pipe 59 and the first water inlet 58, and the water inlet pipe 59 and the first water inlet 58 play a role of a back flushing water outlet channel.

The light filter material filter C has the characteristics that: firstly, fine suspended matters, organic pollutants and microorganisms are effectively intercepted in the filtering process, the filter membrane is formed quickly, and the filter membrane has the function of further removing COD, SS and TP; secondly, the filtering speed is high (about 10M/h), the filter is integrated, and the floor area is small; thirdly, the backwashing function is integrated, and the backwashing strength is small (12-18M)³/M²H), small backwashing flow, short backwashing time (3-5 min/time), low energy consumption; fourthly, the filter material has elasticity, and the problem that the quality of the discharged water is influenced by penetration of the filter layer can not occur; fifthly, adding an integrated filter tank after physicochemical treatment, namelyThe dosage of the phosphorus removing agent and the coagulant is obviously reduced, and the sludge amount is also reduced, so that the operating cost is saved; sixthly, the operation and management are simple and convenient, and automatic operation in backwashing can be realized by installing some automatic control facilities.

If TN and TP reach the standard after the sewage is filtered by the light filter material filter C, the sewage can be directly discharged through a standard exceeding pipe, and if the TN and TP do not reach the standard, the sewage is pumped into a tail end nitrogen removal device D for ion exchange treatment.

In which, as shown in figure 18 ~ 26,

the chemical treatment unit comprises a nitrogen removal device D at the tail end of sewage treatment by a gravity rectification type ion exchange method; the tail-end nitrogen removal equipment D comprises at least one fourth water treatment unit, wherein the fourth water treatment unit comprises a fourth tank body, and the fourth tank body consists of a second water inlet area 71, a reaction area 72 and a second water outlet area 73 which are communicated with each other by water flow from bottom to top; the cross section of the fourth tank body is rectangular, and when the number of the water treatment units is multiple, the water treatment units are arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction. The rectangular design is beneficial to construction and forming through reinforced concrete, horizontal splicing and combination are facilitated, daily sewage treatment capacity can reach ten-thousand tons, and the method is suitable for regions with large domestic sewage treatment capacity such as towns.

Wherein, the second water inlet area 71 and be equipped with a filter screen baffle 74 down between the reaction area 72, the reaction area 72 and be equipped with a filter screen baffle 75 on the second between the water outlet area 73, go up filter screen baffle 75 and all be equipped with the several limbers on the filter screen baffle 74 down.

The second water inlet area 71 is provided with a second water inlet 76, and the second water inlet 76 is used for accessing sewage to be treated; at least one inverted trapezoidal channel 77 is arranged at the bottom of the second water inlet area 71 along the horizontal direction; the water heater also comprises a first water inlet pipe 78 and at least one second water inlet pipe 79, wherein each second water inlet pipe 79 is communicated with the first water inlet pipe 78; the first water inlet pipe 78 is communicated with the second water inlet 76, so as to introduce the sewage to be treated into the second water inlet area 71; each second water inlet pipe 79 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of each inverted trapezoidal channel 77, and the two water inlet pipes correspond to each other one by one; a plurality of water permeable holes 80 are formed in the pipe body of each second water inlet pipe 79 at intervals along the length direction of the pipe body, the water permeable holes 80 are arranged in a 45-degree inclined downward mode (see fig. 8), and water flow of water flowing out of the water permeable holes 80 impacts the side wall of the inverted trapezoidal channel 77 to generate water flow reflection, so that uniform water flow is generated.

The arrangement position of the first water inlet pipe 78 is higher than that of each second water inlet pipe 79; the second water inlet pipes 79 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the connection position of the first water inlet pipe 78 and each second water inlet pipe 79 is positioned at the central position of the second water inlet area 71 in the horizontal direction. Borrow this design, through first inlet tube 78 with sewage evenly leading-in to each second inlet tube 79, sewage flows towards each second inlet tube 79's both ends to the even outflow is each the hole 80 of permeating water can make the rivers uniform flow of second intake zone 71, cooperates the rivers fairing 81 in the reaction zone to help further reducing rivers reynolds number Re.

Also included is a waste water inlet valve 82 and a first flow meter 83, both of which are disposed on the first inlet pipe 78.

A water flow rectifying device 81 and an ion exchange resin layer 84 are arranged in the reaction zone 72; the water flow rectifying device 81 is arranged above the lower filter screen partition plate 74 and is used for rectifying the inflow water into laminar flow water flow, and the Reynolds number Re can be greatly smaller than the critical Reynolds number Rek by controlling the inflow water at the lower part, so that the ion exchange resin rising along with the water flow is prevented from being disordered. The ion exchange resin layer 84 is composed of a plurality of ion exchange resin particles, and the particle diameter of each ion exchange resin particle is larger than the pore diameter of the water passage hole.

The height of the water flow rectifying device 81 accounts for 20 ~ 95% of the height of the reaction zone 72, a plurality of closely-arranged rectifying holes 85 are arranged in the water flow rectifying device 81, the cross section of each rectifying hole 85 is in a honeycomb shape or a rectangular shape, the wall thickness of each rectifying hole 85 is 0.3 ~ 1.5.5 mm, preferably 0.5 ~ 1mm so as to meet the strength requirement of the water flow rectifying device, the inner tangent diameter of each rectifying hole 85 is 30 ~ 100mm, preferably 40 ~ 60mm, the smaller the inner tangent diameter, the smaller the Reynolds number Re of the water flow, the better the rectifying effect.

The flow rectifying device 81 may be made of plastic, and the height and the diameter of the rectifying hole 85 may be flexibly adjusted according to the design requirement, and the flow rectifying device is fixed on the lower screen partition 74.

Wherein the ion exchange resin particles are Cl^-Strongly basic (or weakly basic) anion exchange resin particles having a wet apparent density of 0.65 ~ 0.75.75 g/mL, preferably 0.67 ~ 0.73.73 g/mL, and a particle size of 0.3 ~ 1mm, preferably 0.4 ~ 0.7.7 mm.

The volume of the ion exchange resin layer 84 is 90 ~ 95% of the volume of the reaction zone 72, and is mainly disposed in each rectifying hole 85 of the water flow rectifying means 81 and in the space above the water flow rectifying means 81 to below the upper screen partition 75, and cannot be set to occupy the entire space of the reaction zone 72 because the ion exchange resin layer is expanded in the washing step of the regeneration process.

The water outlet device also comprises a water outlet pipeline system, wherein the water outlet pipeline system comprises a plurality of water outlet perforated pipes 86, a plurality of water outlet branch pipes 87, a water outlet valve 88 and a water outlet main pipe 89; the water outlet perforated pipes 86 are communicated with the water outlet branch pipes 87 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the water outlet branch pipes 87 are communicated with the water outlet main pipe 89, and the water outlet valves 88 are connected to the water outlet branch pipes 87. The sewage after the nitrogen removal treatment enters each water outlet perforated pipe 86 from the second water outlet area 73, and converges to the water outlet main 89 through each water outlet branch pipe 87 to flow out.

The outlet pipes 86 are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the horizontal direction, so that the outlet water is more uniform, the ascending water flow of the reaction zone 72 is favorably influenced, and the ascending water flow is prevented from being disordered. A plurality of water inlet holes 90 are arranged on each water outlet perforated pipe 86 at intervals along the length direction of the water outlet perforated pipe, and the opening of each water inlet hole 90 is arranged in an inclined upward direction of 45 degrees (see fig. 6) so as to further enable the water outlet to be more uniform.

The device also comprises a pipeline system for ion regeneration, ion replacement and cleaning, wherein the pipeline system comprises a plurality of liquid inlet perforated pipes 91, a plurality of liquid inlet branch pipes 92, a liquid inlet valve 93 and a liquid inlet main pipe 94; each liquid inlet perforated pipe 91 is communicated with each liquid inlet branch pipe 92 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each liquid inlet branch pipe 92 is communicated with the liquid inlet header pipe 94, and the liquid inlet valve 93 is connected to the liquid inlet branch pipe 92; the water inlet pipe 95 is connected with the second water inlet 76 of the second water inlet area 71 through a water outlet valve 96, and a second flow meter 97 is connected to the water outlet pipe 95.

The inlet pipes 91 are spaced apart from each other in parallel in the horizontal direction, so that the regeneration liquid or the washing water can flow into the second outlet area 73 more uniformly. A plurality of liquid outlet holes 98 (see fig. 7) are arranged on each liquid inlet perforated pipe 91 at intervals along the length direction thereof, and the orifices of the liquid outlet holes 98 are arranged in a 45-degree oblique downward manner.

The upper filter screen partition plate 75 and the lower filter screen partition plate 74 each include two mesh plates 99, the two mesh plates 99 are disposed one above the other, and a high-strength fiber mesh (such as nylon mesh) or stainless steel mesh having a pore size smaller than that of the ion exchange resin particles is sandwiched between the two mesh plates 99.

As shown in fig. 9, the grid plate 99 may be made of plastic (or glass fiber reinforced plastic), and the diameter of the grid 100 on the grid plate 99 may be larger than the particle size of the ion exchange resin particles. When prefabricating, a plurality of rectangles can be horizontally spliced and assembled or directly installed by a whole block with the same area as the cross section of the fourth tank body.

The nitrogen removal method of the terminal nitrogen removal equipment D comprises the following steps:

the first step,

First, the ion exchange resin layer 84 in the reaction zone 72 of the apparatus is selected from Cl^-Strongly basic (or weakly basic) anion exchange resin particles;

secondly, the pretreated NO-containing material is mixed with₃ ^-Is fed into the apparatus from the second water inlet area 71 of the apparatus, runs from bottom to top, and flows into the reaction area 72 to perform an ion exchange reaction for removing nitrogen, wherein the chemical formula of the reaction is as follows:

RCl^-+NaNO₃→RNO₃ ^-+NaCl

wherein RCl^-Represents Cl^-Type strongly basic (or weakly basic) anion exchange resin, RNO₃ ^-Represents Cl after the reaction^-Quilt NO₃ ^-An exchanged ion exchange resin;

then, the water after nitrogen removal flows out through a water outlet pipeline through a second water outlet area 73 of the equipment, and when the total nitrogen value (TN) in the effluent is detected to reach a preset value, the sewage stops flowing into the equipment, so that a nitrogen removal treatment period of the sewage is completed;

step two, regeneration treatment

Firstly, NaCl is selected as a regenerant, and water is used for preparing a regeneration liquid with the concentration of 6 ~ 10%;

secondly, the regeneration liquid flows into the reaction zone 72 from top to bottom through the liquid inlet pipeline, and the ion exchange resin layer 84 is subjected to an ion exchange reaction, which has the following chemical formula:

RNO₃ ^-+NaCl→RCl^-+NaNO₃；

and after the regeneration treatment is finished, repeating the step one and entering the next denitrogenation treatment period.

In the first step, the preset value of the total nitrogen in the effluent is less than or equal to 15 mg/L. The preset value is national standard, and the total nitrogen content in the effluent can be further reduced by adding a fourth water treatment unit or shortening the regeneration treatment period so as to deal with the future national standard improvement.

In the first step, after a nitrogen removal treatment cycle of the wastewater is completed, the ion exchange resin layer 14 includes a lower saturation region, a middle working region and an upper protection region; RCl in the saturation region^-Have all been exchanged for RNO₃ ^-RCl in said work area^-RCl in the protection zone during switching^-Only part being exchanged for R NO₃ ^-. When the regeneration liquid in the countercurrent regeneration downwards passes through the exchange resin layer, the regeneration liquid firstly contacts the protection area and then passes through the working area and the saturation area; can improve the regeneration effect and save the consumption of the regenerant.

Wherein, in the first step, the drain valve 96 and the liquid inlet valve 93 of the equipment are closed firstly, and then the sewage inlet valve 82 and the water outlet valve 88 of the equipment are opened, wherein NO is contained₃ ^-After being measured by the first flowmeter 83, the sewage enters from the firstThe water pipe 78 enters the second water inlet area 71 of the device through the second water inlet 76, and water flows out uniformly through the second water inlet pipe 79 for water inlet and then continues to flow upwards;

the water flow flows upwards through the lower screen partition 74 into the reaction zone 72, and is rectified by the water flow rectifying device 81 at the lower part of the ion exchange resin layer 84, so that the Reynolds number Re of the water flow is greatly smaller than the critical Rek, the rectified water flow becomes a laminar flow, and meanwhile, the ion exchange resin layer 84 is also pushed by the water flow to the top part thereof which is positioned below the upper screen partition 75; the water enters the second effluent zone 73 of the apparatus after undergoing ion exchange reaction;

when the water flow rises to the upper part of the second water outlet area 73, water is discharged through the water outlet pipeline, enters the water outlet perforated pipe 86 through the water inlet hole 80, is converged by the water outlet branch pipe 87 and then enters the water outlet main pipe 89 to be discharged; when the total nitrogen value (TN) in the effluent reaches a preset index, completing a nitrogen removal treatment period; closing the waste water inlet valve 82 and the water outlet valve 88 to stop water inlet, opening the drainage valve 96 to lower the water level to the upper screen partition 75, closing the drainage valve 96, and simultaneously the ion exchange resin layer 84 falls back to the state before operation with the downward water flow.

In the second step, the regeneration treatment comprises three steps of regeneration, replacement and cleaning;

during regeneration, a liquid inlet valve 93 is opened firstly to uniformly feed the prepared NaCl regeneration liquid into the second water outlet area 73 through a liquid inlet pipeline, the regeneration liquid is divided into liquid inlet branch pipes 92 through a liquid inlet header pipe 94 and then flows into the liquid inlet perforated pipe 91, the regeneration liquid uniformly flows into the second water outlet area 73 through a plurality of liquid outlet holes 98 on the liquid inlet perforated pipe 91, and at the moment, the second water outlet area 73 serves as a regeneration liquid storage area; after the regeneration liquid required by the primary regeneration treatment is fed, the highest liquid level is at the bottom of the liquid inlet perforated pipe 91, the liquid discharge valve 96 is opened, the quantity is controlled by the second flow meter 97, the regeneration liquid uniformly flows downwards into the ion exchange resin layer 84 of the reaction zone 72 at constant pressure at a slow speed and a small flow rate (namely, the flow rate and the flow rate of the water flow are lower than those of the nitrogen removal treatment), the liquid level is reduced to the position of the upper filter screen partition plate 75, and the liquid discharge valve 96 is closed;

during replacement, a liquid inlet valve 93 is opened, and clean water (tap water or denitrified water can be selected) is uniformly fed into the reserve zone through a liquid inlet pipeline, namely, the clean water is shunted to a liquid inlet branch pipe 92 through a liquid inlet main pipe 94, then flows into a liquid inlet perforated pipe 91, and uniformly flows into a second water outlet zone 73 through a plurality of liquid outlet holes 98 on the liquid inlet perforated pipe 91 until the water level reaches a set upper limit; then opening a drain valve 96, controlling the flow by a second flow meter 97 according to the same slow low flow rate as the regenerated liquid, and carrying out downward displacement in a countercurrent manner until the water level is reduced to the upper filter screen partition plate 75; replacement is understood to be the second part of the regeneration, and typically the volume of replacement fluid is the same as the regeneration fluid.

During cleaning, the large drain valve 96 is opened, the ion exchange resin layer 84 is rapidly cleaned downwards with large flow, until the set cleaning flow and cleaning time are reached, the drain valve 96 and the liquid inlet valve 93 are closed, at this time, the regeneration treatment step is finished, and the step one can be repeated.

The waste liquid generated during the regeneration treatment is discharged through the second water inlet 76 and the liquid discharge pipe 95.

As shown in fig. 1, the sludge treatment unit includes a sludge collecting tank 101, a sludge concentrating tank 102, and a sludge dewatering device 103;

the sludge collecting tank 101 receives materialized sludge generated by the coagulation sedimentation tank and a small amount of excess anaerobic sludge generated by anaerobic biochemistry through a pipeline, deposited sludge at the bottom of the sludge collecting tank 101 is pumped into the sludge concentrating tank 102 through a first sludge pumping pump, concentrated sludge at the bottom of the sludge concentrating tank 102 is pumped into the sludge dewatering equipment 103 through a second sludge pumping pump for dewatering, and the sludge dewatering equipment 103 can be used for compression dewatering by adopting a box compressor, so that sludge is reduced, the volume of sludge cakes is smaller, and outward transportation and disposal are facilitated.

The separated liquid from the dewatering of the sludge treatment unit flows back to a collecting tank 104.

The water collecting tank 104 is used for accessing domestic sewage to be treated; and the water outlet pipeline of the water collecting tank 104 is communicated with the sewage inlet of the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank A in the biochemical treatment unit.

Backwashing drainage water of the light filter material filtering tank C is sent to the water collecting tank 104 through a pipeline; nitrogen (NO) of the terminal nitrogen removal device D₃ ^-) Waste liquid is sent to the collector through a pipelineIn the basin 104. The ammonia nitrogen is converted into Nitrate (NO) after aerobic biochemical and nitration reactions₃ ^-) The mixed liquid at the tail end of the anaerobic biochemical reactor flows back into an anaerobic biochemical combined tank, and nitrogen (N) is separated after the reduction reaction of denitrifying bacteria₂×) has denitrification effect. The waste liquid and waste water from the three-deer process are merged with domestic sewage in the water collecting tank 104 and are pumped by a sewage pump for treatment in a sewage treatment system.

Wherein, the biochemical treatment unit also comprises a secondary sedimentation tank 106, and the secondary sedimentation tank 106 receives the effluent of the spiral plug flow submerged aerobic biofilter B through a pipeline.

The secondary sedimentation tank 106 sends the residual activated sludge with the water content of 98% to the water collection tank 104 through a pipeline, so that the sludge treatment load can be reduced, and the sludge can be reduced. The wastewater containing the phosphorus-containing bacteria flows back into the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank A through the water collecting tank 104, and phosphorus can be released after biochemical reaction, so that the treatment load of sludge is reduced.

The emergency pool 105 is communicated with the collecting pool 104 through a sewage pump 112, and the emergency pool 105 plays a role in expanding the capacity and relieving the collecting pool 104 under the impact load of short-time large-flow domestic sewage.

The materialized treatment unit further comprises a coagulation sedimentation tank 107, the coagulation sedimentation tank 107 receives the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank 106 through a pipeline, and sends materialized mud containing phosphorus to the mud collecting tank 101 of the sludge treatment unit through a pipeline; and the water outlet pipeline of the coagulating sedimentation tank 107 is communicated with the first water inlet of the light filter material filtering tank C.

The coagulating sedimentation tank 107 comprises a phosphorus removing agent, a coagulant adding device, a chemical reaction area and a mud-water separation sedimentation area; the used medicaments are lime milk and polyaluminium chloride which are commonly used and aim at removing phosphorus and condensing suspended matters, chemical reaction is carried out in a reaction zone, and mud and water separation is carried out in a precipitation zone;

3Ca²⁺+2PO ₄³⁻→Ca₃(PO₄)₂↓

Al³⁺+3(OH)⁻→Al(OH)₃

hydrolysis of polyaluminum chloride to yield Al (OH)₃(aluminum hydroxide) is a coagulant, and the colloidal substance with positive charge and the colloidal substance with negative charge in the sewage react with each other in a reaction area to form floccule with larger particles, so that the particles are enlarged after suspended substances in the sewage are adsorbed, and the sludge and water in a settling area are conveniently separated;

the chemical reaction zone has a baffling type, a vortex type, a stirring type and other reaction methods, and can be selected according to actual conditions and requirements;

the sludge-water separation settling zone is provided with methods such as horizontal flow, vertical flow, inclined tube type and radial flow, the small scale can select inclined tube type or vertical flow type, and the occupied area is small; the large and medium scale should adopt advection type mechanical mud scraping, which is convenient for multi-pool combination, small floor area and less investment.

The materialization processing unit further comprises a water storage tank 108, the water storage tank 108 receives the outlet water of the light filter material filtering tank C through a pipeline, and the outlet water pipeline of the water storage tank 108 is communicated with the second water inlet of the tail end nitrogen removal device D.

The device also comprises a disinfection treatment unit, wherein the disinfection treatment unit comprises a disinfection contact tank 109, the disinfection contact tank 109 receives the effluent of the terminal nitrogen removal equipment D through a pipeline, and if necessary, the effluent is disinfected through a disinfectant.

The disinfection device also comprises a disinfectant adding device which is used for adding disinfectant into the disinfection contact tank 109, the dosage of the disinfectant is related to the content of organic matters and microorganisms in the effluent, and the disinfectant needs to meet the standard requirements of environmental protection and health departments, such as the total number of bacteria, the index of coliform bacteria, the retention time of the contact tank and the residual nitrogen amount of the effluent.

The system further comprises a monitoring and metering unit, wherein the monitoring and metering unit comprises a water quality monitor 110 and a metering tank 111 and is used for monitoring the water outlet flow and the water quality index of the system.

The sludge collecting tank 101 comprises an anaerobic sludge collecting tank and a materialized sludge collecting tank; the anaerobic sludge collection tank is used for receiving the excess anaerobic sludge discharged from the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combination tank A, and the materialized sludge collection tank is used for receiving the phosphorus-containing materialized sludge discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank 106.

The anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined pool is added with a light loose cover at the top, and is provided with a fan for pumping and blowing, so that the methane and nitrogen are pumped from the top of the anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined pool and are pumped into an aerobic biological filter pool below an elastic fiber packing layer for blowing, the main components in the methane are adsorbed and utilized by microorganisms in the aerobic biological filter pool, and the nitrogen is harmlessly and naturally discharged into the atmosphere, thereby achieving the aim of denitrification and preventing secondary pollution of the methane.

the physicochemical treatment unit is used for performing physicochemical treatment on the sewage, and is mainly used for performing dephosphorization treatment (removing sodium phosphate) on the sewage after biochemical treatment and removing micro suspended matters, colloidal substances and part of microorganisms in the sewage; specifically, phosphorus removal agent (chemical phosphorus removal) and coagulant (physical coagulation) are added into the coagulating sedimentation tank to remove phosphorus and coagulate suspended matters to separate sludge and water; fine suspended matters, organic pollutants and microorganisms can be effectively intercepted in the filtering process through a light filter material filtering pool (physical filtering), the formed filter membrane is fast, the function of further removing COD, SS and TP is achieved, the effluent is clear, and favorable conditions are created for subsequent chemical treatment; the coagulating sedimentation tank and the integrated light filter material filtering tank are combined, so that the dosage of the added phosphorus removing agent and the coagulant can be reduced, the sludge amount is also reduced, and the operating cost is saved;

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optimized combined system for urban domestic sewage treatment; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank comprises at least one first water treatment unit, the first water treatment unit comprises a first tank body, and an internal space formed by the first tank body is divided into a vortex reaction zone, a suspension reaction zone, a filtration reaction zone and a first water outlet zone from bottom to top in sequence according to different sewage treatment functions; the sewage enters from the vortex reaction zone at the lowest part of the first tank body, flows upwards through the suspension reaction zone and the filtration reaction zone in sequence, and overflows from the first water outlet zone after being treated to form water; wherein,

a sludge discharge hopper is arranged on the inner wall of the suspension reaction zone, the sludge discharge hopper is a container and is provided with an upward opening, the bottom of the sludge discharge hopper is connected with a sludge discharge pipeline, and the sludge discharge pipeline extends to the outside of the first tank body;

a plurality of filtering fillers are suspended in the filtering reaction area, and are densely filled in the filtering reaction area and positioned relative to the first tank body;

at least one air distribution perforated pipe is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the aeration layer along the length direction of the second tank body; the air distribution perforated pipe is communicated with an air inlet and is used for guiding air containing oxygen into the aeration layer; a plurality of air distribution holes are formed in the tube body of the air distribution perforated tube at intervals along the length direction of the tube body, and each air distribution hole is formed towards the oblique lower part of the side part of the air distribution perforated tube; when the gas distribution perforated pipe is one, the gas distribution perforated pipe is positioned in the middle of the bottom of the second tank body and is away from the side wall of the second tank body by a certain distance so as to form a rotational flow gas-water mixed flow; when the number of the gas distribution perforated pipes is multiple, the gas distribution perforated pipes are arranged in parallel at intervals, the gas distribution perforated pipes on two sides are at a distance from the side wall of the second tank body, and the rotational flow gas-water mixed flow is formed between two adjacent gas distribution perforated pipes and between the gas distribution perforated pipes and the side wall of the second tank body; under the working state of the filter, observing from the cross section angle of the second tank body, a rising air-water mixed flow is formed above the air distribution perforated pipes, a falling air-water mixed flow is formed between two adjacent air distribution perforated pipes and between the air distribution perforated pipes and the side wall of the second tank body, the rising air-water mixed flow and the falling air-water mixed flow both penetrate through the packing layer of the reaction zone and the aeration layer, and the rising air-water mixed flow and the falling air-water mixed flow jointly form the rotational flow state air-water mixed flow;

the top of the clear water area is a second overflow surface of clear water;

2. The combination of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a water collecting tank, wherein the water collecting tank is used for accessing domestic sewage to be treated; the water outlet pipeline of the water collecting tank is communicated with the sewage inlet of the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank in the biochemical treatment unit;

backwashing drainage water of the light filter material filter tank is sent to the water collecting tank through a pipeline;

and the nitrogen-containing waste liquid of the tail end nitrogen removal equipment is conveyed into the water collecting tank through a pipeline.

3. The combination of claim 2, wherein: still include an emergency pool, this emergency pool with but the catch basin sets up communicately, meets the large-traffic domestic sewage impact load in short-term under, it is right that emergency pool plays the dilatation effect to the catch basin.

4. The combination of claim 2, wherein: the biochemical treatment unit also comprises a secondary sedimentation tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank receives the effluent of the spiral plug flow submerged aerobic biofilter through a pipeline.

5. The combination of claim 4, wherein: and the secondary sedimentation tank sends the residual activated sludge containing water to the water collecting tank through a pipeline.

6. The combination of claim 4, wherein: the coagulating sedimentation tank receives the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank through a pipeline, and sends the materialized mud containing phosphorus to the mud collecting tank of the sludge treatment unit through a pipeline.

7. The combination of claim 1, wherein: the materialization treatment unit also comprises a water storage tank, the water storage tank receives the water outlet of the light filter material filter tank through a pipeline, and a water outlet pipeline of the water storage tank is communicated with the second water inlet of the tail end nitrogen removal device.

8. The combination of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a disinfection treatment unit, wherein the disinfection treatment unit comprises a disinfection contact tank, the disinfection contact tank receives the effluent of the tail end nitrogen removal equipment through a pipeline, and the effluent is disinfected.

9. The combination of claim 1, wherein: the water quality monitoring system further comprises a monitoring and metering unit, wherein the monitoring and metering unit comprises a water quality monitor and a metering tank and is used for monitoring the water outlet flow and the water quality index of the system.

10. The combination of claim 6, wherein: the sludge collecting pool comprises an anaerobic sludge collecting pool and a materialized sludge collecting pool; the anaerobic sludge collecting tank is used for receiving the excess anaerobic sludge discharged from the upflow anaerobic biochemical sewage treatment combined tank, and the materialized sludge collecting tank is used for receiving the phosphorus-containing materialized sludge discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank.