CN108724025B - ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108724025B CN108724025B CN201810472042.3A CN201810472042A CN108724025B CN 108724025 B CN108724025 B CN 108724025B CN 201810472042 A CN201810472042 A CN 201810472042A CN 108724025 B CN108724025 B CN 108724025B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of ordered metal bond diamond grinding wheels, which comprises the steps of 1) mixing materials, namely mixing diamond, ethanol solution of glycerol, metal bond powder and ethanol solution of stearic acid to obtain mixed powder, 2) granulating, namely rolling and granulating the mixed powder to obtain spherical particles, 3) screening and type selection treatment, namely drying the spherical particles, screening and type selection are carried out on the spherical particles, 4) ordering treatment, namely applying horizontal and vertical sinusoidal vibration on the screened and type-selected spherical particles, carrying out cold press molding to obtain grinding wheel pressed compacts, and 5) sintering, namely sintering the grinding wheel pressed compacts to obtain the ordered diamond grinding wheels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of superhard material grinding tools, and particularly relates to ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheels and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The surface grinding is an important process in material processing, and the metal bond diamond grinding wheel has the advantages of high grinding efficiency, high grinding precision, good surface quality, long service life and the like, and is suitable for grinding processing of metal materials such as nonferrous metals, alloys and the like and non-metal materials such as semiconductor materials, ceramics, glass and the like.
In general, most grinding wheels have diamond randomly distributed in the bond, and the distribution of diamond in the bond is inevitably concentrated and sparse due to the lack of effective control over the distribution of diamond. The diamond in the gathering area is easy to fall off before the grinding effect is achieved or cannot effectively go out of the edge, so that the sharpness of the grinding wheel is reduced; the single diamond in the rare area is easy to break or fall off due to overlarge stress, thereby reducing the service life of the grinding wheel. Therefore, in the grinding process of the diamond grinding wheel, the effective grinding of the diamond only occupies a small part, and the redundant diamond seriously interferes with the normal work of the grinding wheel, so that the grinding force and the grinding temperature of the grinding wheel are increased, the grinding efficiency is reduced, and even the surface of a workpiece is damaged.
In order to solve the problems in grinding of the diamond grinding wheel, the invention provides effective methods for controlling distribution of diamonds in a metal bond diamond grinding wheel and optimizing arrangement of the diamonds, ordered arrangement of the spherical structures is realized by forming the spherical structures of diamond-metal bonds and regular vibration, and the ordered arrangement of the spherical structures is manufactured for the metal bond diamond grinding wheel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides kinds of orderly-arranged metal bond diamond grinding wheels, wherein diamonds in the grinding wheels are uniformly and orderly arranged in a metal bond, so that the grinding efficiency and the service life of the grinding wheels are improved, and compared with the existing preparation method, the process repeatability is stronger, the operation difficulty is lower, and the production efficiency is higher.
Based on the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
Forming spherical particles coated by a metal bonding agent taking diamond as a core, taking the natural accumulation state of the spherical particles as the initial state of a vibration system, and under the action of sinusoidal vibration in two orthogonal horizontal directions and vertical directions, performing statistical regular motion on the spherical particles, filling gaps among the spherical particles until the spherical particles cannot be filled continuously, finally achieving the closest accumulation state of the spherical particles, and obtaining the ordered arrangement of the spherical particles after realizing the close accumulation.
The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
1) mixing materials: mixing diamond, glycerol ethanol solution, metal bond powder and stearic acid ethanol solution to obtain mixed powder.
2) And (3) granulation: and rolling and granulating the mixed powder to obtain spherical particles which take the diamond particles as cores and are coated by the metal bond powder.
3) Screening and type selection treatment: drying the spherical particles, and then screening and selecting the spherical particles.
4) Ordering treatment: and (3) subjecting the screened and typed spherical particles to horizontal and vertical sinusoidal vibration, and performing cold press molding to obtain a grinding wheel green compact.
5) And (3) sintering: and sintering the grinding wheel pressed compact to obtain the diamond grinding wheel in ordered arrangement.
, the raw materials are mixed in a specific mode that 0.05-0.15ml/g ethanol solution of glycerol is added into diamond and then evenly stirred, 0.03-0.05ml/g ethanol solution of stearic acid is added into metal bond powder, and then the diamond and the metal bond powder are evenly mixed in a three-dimensional mixer for 60-120min to obtain mixed powder.
In the invention, 0.05-0.15mL/g of glycerol ethanol solution is added into the diamond, which means that 0.05-0.15mL of glycerol ethanol solution is added into each g of diamond; adding 0.03-0.05ml/g of stearic acid ethanol solution into the metal bonding agent powder means that 0.03-0.05ml of stearic acid ethanol solution is added into each g of metal bonding agent powder.
The content of the glycerol in the ethanol is 10-15%, and the content of the stearic acid in the ethanol is 2-5%.
, the concentration of diamond in the mixed powder is 100-200%, the granularity of diamond is not less than 120/140, the metal bond is copper-tin metal bond, and the components are 75% Cu +15% Sn +2% Ni +8% Co.
, the rolling granulation is carried out by putting the mixed powder into a granulator for granulation, and setting the rotating speed of the rotary disc of the granulator to 70-120 rpm.
, the screening standard of the spherical particles is that the average particle diameter of the spherical particles is 1.2-1.8 times of that of diamond, the difference of the average particle diameter is not more than +/-10%, and the selection standard of the spherical particles is that the length-diameter ratio is not more than 1.3.
, the ordering treatment is carried out by applying at least two horizontal sine vibrations and at most vertical sine vibrations to the spherical particles on an electromagnetic vibrator.
, the amplitude of the sinusoidal vibration in each direction is 0.7-1.5mm, the frequency is 300-450Hz, and the vibration time is 40-60 min.
, the sintering method comprises sintering at 730-780 deg.C under 40-50MPa for 10-30 min.
The diamond grinding wheel with the ordered metal binder can be applied to grinding processing of metal materials such as nonferrous metals and alloys and non-metal materials such as semiconductor materials, ceramics and glass, and particularly has good grinding effect on planes of ceramic CBN grinding wheels and hard alloys.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the technical scheme adopted by the invention can realize ordered arrangement of the diamonds in the grinding wheel, optimizes the distribution of the diamonds in the grinding wheel and has higher arrangement precision.
2) The technical scheme adopted by the invention improves the utilization rate of the diamond in the grinding process, improves the grinding efficiency of the diamond grinding wheel and prolongs the service life of the diamond grinding wheel.
3) Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention avoids complex fine operation, reduces the operation difficulty in the production process, has strong process repeatability and is convenient for flow production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the ordered arrangement and detail of diamonds in a grinding wheel according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the alignment effect of diamonds in a grinding wheel according to example 2 (upper) and comparative example 1 (lower) of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The grain size standards of the diamond and the spherical particles are implemented according to GB/T6406-1996;
MBD diamond, RVD diamond, glycerol, ethanol and stearic acid are all commercial products;
mixing the ethanol solution of the glycerol and the ethanol solution of the stearic acid according to volume percentage;
the copper-tin metal bonding agent powder of 75% of Cu, 15% of Sn, 2% of Ni and 8% of Co refers to the mixture of Cu, Sn, Ni and Co metal powder with the granularity of 400 meshes according to mass percentage.
Example 1
The preparation method of kinds of ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheels comprises the following steps:
1) mixing materials: weighing 40g of MBD diamond with the granularity of 40/45, adding 2mL of ethanol solution with the glycerol content of 15% (volume fraction), uniformly stirring, adding 15mL of ethanol solution with the stearic acid content of 5% (volume fraction) into 310g of copper-tin metal bond powder with the components of 75% Cu +15% Sn +2% Ni +8% Co, and uniformly mixing the diamond and the metal bond powder in a three-dimensional mixer for 60min to obtain mixed powder.
2) And (3) granulation: and (3) granulating the mixed powder in a GA240 type granulator, setting the rotating speed of a turntable to be 120rpm, and gradually coating the diamond particles with the binding agent powder in the rolling granulation process to obtain spherical particles which take the diamond particles as cores and are coated with the binding agent powder.
3) Screening and type selection treatment: drying the spherical particles obtained in the step 2) in a vacuum drying oven at 120 ℃ for 60min, and then screening and selecting the spherical particles, wherein the standard of the screened spherical particles is the granularity 25/30 of the spherical particles, and the particle size difference is not more than +/-10%; the aspect ratio of the spherical particles is not more than 1.3 according to the standard of selecting the shapes by using a diamond shape selecting machine.
4) And (2) ordering treatment, namely loading 150g of the spherical particles treated in the step 3) into a steel die, fixing the steel die on an electromagnetic vibrator, applying two sinusoidal vibrations in the horizontal direction and sinusoidal vibrations in the vertical direction, setting the amplitudes of the electromagnetic vibrator in the three vibration directions to be 1.5mm, the frequency to be 300Hz and the vibration time to be 40min, and then placing the steel die on an oil press for cold press molding at the molding pressure of 90MPa to obtain a grinding wheel green compact with the diameter of Ø 120 mm.
5) And (3) sintering: and (3) putting the grinding wheel pressed compact obtained in the step 4) into a graphite die, and sintering for 15min at the temperature of 780 ℃ and the pressure of 40MPa on a hot press to obtain the diamond grinding wheel in ordered arrangement, wherein the ordered arrangement and a partial enlarged view of diamond particles in the grinding wheel are shown in figure 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of kinds of ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheels comprises the following steps:
1) mixing materials: weighing 60g of MBD diamond with the granularity of 40/45, adding 4mL of ethanol solution with the glycerol content of 15% (volume fraction), uniformly stirring, then adding 10mL of ethanol solution with the stearic acid content of 5% (volume fraction) into 230g of copper-tin metal bond powder with the components of 75% Cu +15% Sn +2% Ni +8% Co, and uniformly mixing the diamond and the metal bond powder in a three-dimensional mixer for 60min to obtain mixed powder;
2) and (3) granulation: and (3) granulating the mixed powder in a GA240 type granulator, setting the rotating speed of a turntable to be 100rpm, and gradually coating the diamond particles with the binding agent powder in the rolling granulation process to obtain spherical particles which take the diamond particles as cores and are coated with the binding agent powder.
3) Screening and type selection treatment: drying the spherical particles obtained in the step 2) in a vacuum drying oven at 120 ℃ for 60min, and then screening and selecting the spherical particles, wherein the standard of the screened spherical particles is the granularity 30/35 of the spherical particles, and the particle size difference is not more than +/-10%; the aspect ratio of the spherical particles is not more than 1.3 according to the standard of selecting the shapes by using a diamond shape selecting machine.
4) And (3) ordering treatment, namely loading 210g of the spherical particles treated in the step 3) into a steel mould, fixing the steel mould on an electromagnetic vibrator, applying two sinusoidal vibrations which are orthogonal in the horizontal direction, setting the amplitudes of the two vibration directions of the electromagnetic vibrator to be 1.0mm, setting the frequency to be 380Hz, and setting the vibration time to be 20min, then placing the steel mould on an oil press for cold press molding, wherein the molding pressure is 90MPa, and obtaining a grinding wheel green compact with the diameter of Ø 120 mm.
5) And (3) sintering: and (3) putting the grinding wheel pressed compact obtained in the step 4) into a graphite die, and sintering for 15min on a hot press under the conditions that the temperature is 780 ℃ and the pressure is 40MPa to obtain the diamond grinding wheel in ordered arrangement.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the embodiment 2 is that the steps (2), (3) and (4) are omitted, and the rest is carried out according to the embodiment 2, namely, the mixed powder with the mass of 210g in the step (1) is directly loaded into a graphite mould and then sintered according to the process of the step (5), so that the orderly arranged diamond grinding wheel with the same specification and size is obtained.
The effect of the alignment of the diamond particles of comparative example 1 and example 2 in the grinding wheel is shown in fig. 2.
Comparing example 2 with the wheel of comparative example 1, this example achieves a uniform ordered arrangement of diamond particles in the wheel, and the wheel of comparative example 1 has diamond particles that tend to be randomly distributed in the binder and have concentrated and sparse zones of diamond distribution.
The diamond wheels of example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were used for dressing of ceramic CBN grinding wheels under the same conditions, and the data shown in table 1 were obtained.
As can be seen from table 1, in example 1, compared with comparative example 1, the average dressing time is respectively shortened by 34% and 29%, the dressing time before re-edging is increased to more than 30 times, and the accumulated dressing time is respectively increased by 73% and 108%, so that the grinding efficiency and the service life of the orderly arranged diamond grinding wheel obtained in the present example are superior to those of the orderly arranged diamond grinding wheel.
Example 3
The preparation method of kinds of ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheels comprises the following steps:
1) mixing materials: weighing 400g of RVD diamond with the granularity of 120/140, adding 50mL of ethanol solution with the glycerol content of 10% (volume fraction), uniformly stirring, adding 70mL of ethanol solution with the stearic acid content of 2% (volume fraction) into 2200g of copper-tin metal bond powder with the components of 75% Cu +15% Sn +2% Ni +8% Co, and uniformly mixing the diamond and the metal bond powder in a three-dimensional mixer for 120min to obtain mixed powder.
2) And (3) granulation: and (3) granulating the mixed powder in a GA240 type granulator, setting the rotating speed of a turntable to be 70rpm, and gradually coating the diamond particles with the binding agent powder in the rolling granulation process to obtain spherical particles which take the diamond particles as cores and are coated with the binding agent powder.
3) Screening and type selection treatment: drying the spherical particles obtained in the step 2) in a vacuum drying oven at 120 ℃ for 60min, and then screening and selecting the spherical particles, wherein the standard of the screened spherical particles is the granularity 60/70 of the spherical particles, and the particle size difference is not more than +/-10%; the aspect ratio of the spherical particles is not more than 1.3 according to the standard of selecting the shapes by using a diamond shape selecting machine.
4) And (3) ordering treatment, namely filling 1800g of the spherical particles treated in the step 3) into a steel die, fixing the steel die on an electromagnetic vibrator, applying two sinusoidal vibrations which are orthogonal in the horizontal direction, setting the amplitude of the two vibration directions of the electromagnetic vibrator to be 0.7mm, setting the frequency to be 450Hz, and setting the vibration time to be 60min, then placing the steel die on an oil press for cold press molding, wherein the molding pressure is 90MPa, and obtaining a grinding wheel green compact with the diameter of Ø 250 mm.
5) And (3) sintering: and (3) putting the grinding wheel pressed compact obtained in the step 4) into a graphite die, and sintering for 30min on a hot press at the temperature of 730 ℃ and under the pressure of 50MPa to obtain the orderly-arranged diamond grinding wheel.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the embodiment 3 is that the steps (2), (3) and (4) are omitted, and the rest is carried out according to the embodiment 3, namely, 1800g of mixed powder with the mass in the step (1) is directly taken and put into a graphite mould, and then the mixed powder is sintered according to the process in the step (5), so that the orderly arranged diamond grinding wheel with the same specification and size is obtained.
Comparing example 3 with the wheel of comparative example 2, this example achieves a uniform ordered arrangement of diamond particles in the wheel, and the diamond particles in the wheel of comparative example 2 tend to be randomly distributed in the bond, with concentrated and sparse zones of diamond distribution.
The diamond wheels of example 3 and comparative example 2 were used for surface grinding of cemented carbide under the same conditions, and the data shown in table 2 were obtained.
As can be seen from table 2, in example 3, compared with comparative example 2, the grinding ratio is improved by 62%, the grinding power is reduced by 31%, and the workpiece surface roughness is %, so that the grinding efficiency of the ordered diamond grinding wheel obtained in the present example is better than that of the disordered diamond grinding wheel.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalents thereof, without departing from the scope thereof, by applying the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment example according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the technical essence of the present invention departs from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- The preparation method of the ordered metal bond diamond grinding wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:1) mixing materials: mixing diamond, glycerol ethanol solution, metal bond powder and stearic acid ethanol solution to obtain mixed powder;2) and (3) granulation: rolling and granulating the mixed powder to obtain spherical particles which take the diamond particles as cores and are coated by the metal bonding agent powder;3) screening and type selection treatment: drying the spherical particles, and then screening and selecting the spherical particles;4) ordering treatment: subjecting the screened and typed spherical particles to horizontal and vertical sinusoidal vibration, and performing cold press molding to obtain a grinding wheel green compact;5) and (3) sintering: and sintering the grinding wheel pressed compact to obtain the diamond grinding wheel in ordered arrangement.
- 2. The method for manufacturing an ordered arrangement metal bond diamond wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials in step 1) are mixed in a specific manner: adding 0.05-0.15ml/g of glycerol ethanol solution into diamond, uniformly stirring, adding 0.03-0.05ml/g of stearic acid ethanol solution into metal bond powder, and uniformly mixing the diamond and the metal bond powder in a three-dimensional mixer for 60-120min to obtain mixed powder;wherein, the volume percentage of the glycerol in the ethanol is 10-15 percent, and the volume percentage of the stearic acid in the ethanol is 2-5 percent.
- 3. The method of making an ordered array metal bond diamond wheel as set forth in claim 2, wherein the diamond has a particle size of not less than 120/140; the metal bond powder is a copper-tin metal bond with the components of 75% of Cu, 15% of Sn, 2% of Ni and 8% of Co.
- 4. The method for manufacturing the ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the rolling granulation in the step 2) is performed in a specific manner: and (3) placing the mixed powder into a granulator for granulation, and setting the rotating speed of a turntable of the granulator to be 70-120 rpm.
- 5. The method for manufacturing an ordered metal bond diamond grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the spherical particles are sieved according to the standard that the average particle size of the spherical particles is 1.2-1.8 times that of diamond, and the difference of the average particle sizes is not more than +/-10%; the spherical particles are selected with a criterion that the aspect ratio does not exceed 1.3.
- 6. The method of making an ordered array metal bond diamond wheel as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ordering in step 4) is by applying at least two sinusoidal vibrations in horizontal directions orthogonal to each other and at most sinusoidal vibrations in vertical directions.
- 7. The method for preparing the ordered arrangement metal bond diamond grinding wheel as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amplitude of the sinusoidal vibration in each direction is 0.7-1.5mm, the frequency is 300-450Hz, and the vibration time is 40-60 min.
- 8. The method for manufacturing an ordered arrangement metal bond diamond wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the sintering method comprises: sintering for 10-30min at the temperature of 730-780 ℃ and the pressure of 40-50MPa on a hot press.
- 9. An ordered array metal bond diamond wheel obtained by the method of any of claims 1-8 to .
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| US6039641A (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2000-03-21 | Sung; Chien-Min | Brazed diamond tools by infiltration |
| KR100709393B1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-04-20 | 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 | Manufacturing method of segments for cutting/polishing tool and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
| CN101745877B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Diamond grinding material sequential arraying system and method |
| CN105415215B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-11-24 | 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 | A kind of super hard abrasive ordered arrangement method |
| CN106826587A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 台山市兰宝磨具有限公司 | A kind of skive and preparation method thereof |
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