CN108722323B

CN108722323B - Reactor with a reactor shell

Info

Publication number: CN108722323B
Application number: CN201810549958.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙会阳; 谢定中
Original assignee: Hunan Anchun Advanced Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Anchun Advanced Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-05-31
Filing date: 2018-05-31
Publication date: 2020-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-31
Also published as: CN108722323A

Abstract

The invention relates to a reactor. The reactor comprises an outer cylinder; the radial frame is arranged in the outer barrel and forms a gap with the outer barrel; the heat transfer system comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in the radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, and each heat exchange tube is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end opposite to the inlet end; a first collecting part and a second collecting part which are arranged on the outer cylinder; the side wall of the radial frame is provided with a plurality of first openings and a plurality of second openings, and the inlet end of the heat exchange tube penetrates through the corresponding first openings and is connected to the first collecting part; the outlet end of the heat exchange tube passes through the corresponding second opening and is connected to the second collecting part. According to the reactor provided by the invention, the radial frame is provided with the first opening and the second opening, the outer cylinder is provided with the first collecting port and the second collecting port which are respectively connected with the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat transfer effect of the heat exchange tube is realized, the additional arrangement of a tube plate in the radial frame to fix the heat exchange tube is avoided, and the process manufacturing difficulty cost is reduced.

Description

Reactor with a reactor shell

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a reactor.

Background

The traditional reactor comprises a reaction frame filled with a catalyst, and a large amount of heat can be released or absorbed in the reaction process by introducing gas into the reaction frame for reaction, so that the reaction efficiency is influenced and even the reactor is damaged if the temperature is not reduced or increased in time.

Generally, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the reaction frame, one end of each heat exchange tube is hermetically welded to a tube plate at the upper end of the reaction frame, and the heat exchange tubes exchange heat by flowing cooling media or heating media to reduce or increase the temperature in the reaction frame.

However, the tube plate needs to be forged and has a certain thickness to stably support the heat exchange tubes, resulting in a difficult and costly tube plate manufacturing process.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a reactor with a simple tube plate manufacturing process and low cost, which is used to solve the problems of the conventional reactor that the tube plate needs to be forged and has a certain thickness to stably support the heat exchange tubes, which results in a difficult tube plate manufacturing process and high cost.

A reactor comprising an outer barrel; the radial frame is arranged in the outer cylinder, and a gap is formed between the radial frame and the outer cylinder; the heat transfer system comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in the radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, and each heat exchange tube is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end opposite to the inlet end; a first collecting part arranged on the outer cylinder; and a second collecting part arranged on the outer cylinder; the side wall of the radial frame is provided with a plurality of first openings and a plurality of second openings, and the inlet end of the heat exchange tube penetrates through the corresponding first openings and is connected to the first collecting part; the outlet end of the heat exchange tube passes through the corresponding second opening and is connected to the second collecting part.

According to the reactor, the side wall of the radial frame is provided with the first opening and the second opening, the outer barrel is provided with the first collecting part and the second collecting part, the inlet end of the heat exchange tube penetrates through the first opening to be connected with the first collecting part, so that heat transfer media are received from the outside to the heat exchange tube, the outlet end of the heat exchange tube penetrates through the second opening to be connected with the second collecting part, the heat transfer media subjected to heat exchange are discharged, and therefore the reaction heat in the radial frame is removed. The reactor avoids additionally arranging a tube plate fixing heat exchange tube in the radial frame so as to enter a heat transfer medium from the outside to transfer reaction heat away, thereby achieving the technical effects of reducing the process manufacturing difficulty and lowering the cost.

In one embodiment, the first collecting portion includes a plurality of first collecting ports in one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tubes, and the inlet ends of the heat exchange tubes pass through the corresponding first openings and are connected to the first collecting ports; the second collecting part comprises a plurality of second collecting ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tubes, and the outlet ends of the heat exchange tubes penetrate through the corresponding second openings and are connected to the second collecting ports.

In one embodiment, the first collecting portion further includes a first collecting pipe for communicating with the outside, the first collecting pipe being provided at a position of the outer cylinder corresponding to the first collecting port and communicating with the first collecting port; the second collecting portion further includes a second collecting pipe for communicating with the outside, the second collecting pipe being provided at a position of the outer tube corresponding to the second collecting port and communicating with the second collecting port.

In one embodiment, the first opening and the second opening are respectively provided at both end portions of the radial frame side wall in the axial direction of the radial frame.

In one embodiment, the heat exchange tube includes an inlet section, an outlet section, and an intermediate section connected between the inlet section and the outlet section, the intermediate section extending in an axial direction of the radial frame.

In one embodiment, the reactor comprises a plurality of heat exchange tube sets, each of the heat exchange tube sets comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the central axis of each of the heat exchange tubes of each of the heat exchange tube sets is in the same plane as the central axis of the radial frame, and the lengths of the inlet section and the outlet section of each of the heat exchange tubes of each of the heat exchange tube sets in the radial direction of the radial frame and the lengths of the second section in the axial direction of the radial frame are gradually reduced from inside to outside.

In one embodiment, the heat exchange tube has an outer diameter less than the radial dimensions of the first and second openings.

In one embodiment, the reactor further comprises an automatic temperature difference adjusting ring and a retaining ring, wherein the retaining ring is fixed on the heat exchange tube, the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is arranged on the heat exchange tube, one end of the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring abuts against the inner wall of the radial frame, and the other end of the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring abuts against the retaining ring; the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent holes are positioned on the same concentric circle concentric with the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring, and the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is used for responding to the temperature change of the reactor so as to adjust the unreacted reaction gas to enter the radial frame from the first opening and/or the second opening through the vent holes.

In one embodiment, the radial frames include an upper radial frame and a lower radial frame, the upper radial frame and the lower radial frame are capable of sliding relative to each other in an axial direction of the radial frames, the first opening is disposed in the upper radial frame, and the second opening is disposed in the lower radial frame.

In one embodiment, the upper radial frame and the lower radial frame are fixed to the outer cylinder, and a lower end portion of the upper radial frame and an upper end portion of the lower radial frame are at least partially overlapped and bonded in a radial direction of the radial frames.

In one embodiment, the radial frame further comprises a sealing structure, wherein the sealing structure comprises a sealing element, a baffle ring and a lap plate; the outer diameter of the lower end of the upper radial frame is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the lower radial frame, the lap plate is fixed on one side of the upper radial frame far away from the lower radial frame and protrudes from the upper radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, the baffle ring is fixed on one side of the lap plate close to the lower radial frame, and the sealing element is clamped between the upper radial frame and the baffle ring and between the lower radial frame and the lap plate; or the outer diameter of the lower end part of the upper radial frame is larger than that of the upper end part of the lower radial frame, the lapping plate is fixed on one side of the lower radial frame far away from the upper radial frame and protrudes to the lower radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, the baffle ring is fixed on one side of the lapping plate close to the upper radial frame, and the sealing element is clamped between the lower radial frame and the baffle ring and between the upper radial frame and the lapping plate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure at A of the reactor shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3(a) is a schematic view showing the construction of a temperature difference automatically adjusting ring of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3(b) is a sectional view showing the temperature difference automatically adjusting ring shown in FIG. 3 (a);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure at B of the reactor shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchange tube of the reactor shown in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "inner", "outer", "left", "right" and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, a reactor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an outer cylinder 10, a radial frame 20, a heat transfer system 30, a first collecting portion 40, and a second collecting portion 50. In this embodiment, a heat removal system 30 is used to remove the heat of reaction in radial frame 20. In other embodiments, the heat removal system 30 may also be used to raise the reaction temperature in the radial frame 20, and is not limited herein.

The radial frame 20 is provided inside the outer cylinder 10 with a gap formed therebetween.

The heat transfer system 30 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 31, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 31 are disposed in the radial frame 20 along the axial direction of the radial frame 20, and each heat exchange tube 31 has an inlet end 311 and an outlet end 312 opposite to the inlet end 311. During the reaction, an external cooling medium enters the inside of the heat exchange tube 31 through the inlet end 311 of the heat exchange tube 31, the reaction heat in the radial frame 20 is removed, and the heated cooling medium is led out to the outside through the outlet end 312 of the heat exchange tube 31. In some embodiments, the cooling medium may be an unreacted reactant gas, but in other embodiments, the cooling medium may also be a water cooling medium, which is not limited herein.

The first collecting portion 40 is provided in the outer cylinder 10, and the second collecting portion 50 is provided in the outer cylinder 10.

The radial frame 20 has a plurality of first openings 21 and a plurality of second openings 22 formed in a side wall thereof, an inlet end 311 of the heat exchange tube 31 passes through the corresponding first opening 21 and is connected to the first collecting portion 40, and an outlet end 312 of the heat exchange tube 31 passes through the corresponding second opening 22 and is connected to the second collecting portion 50.

It will be understood that the first collecting portion 40 serves to receive the cooling medium from the outside and to deliver it to the inlet end 311 of each heat exchange tube 31, and the second collecting portion 50 serves to deliver the heated cooling medium discharged from the outlet end 312 of each heat exchange tube 31 to the outside.

The reactor 100 of the present invention, by opening the first opening 21 and the second opening 22 on the sidewall of the radial frame 20, and providing the first collecting portion 40 and the second collecting portion 50 on the outer tube 10, the inlet end 311 of the heat exchange tube 31 is connected with the first collecting portion 40 through the first opening 21, so as to receive the cooling medium from the outside to the heat exchange tube 31, and the outlet end 312 of the heat exchange tube 31 is connected with the second collecting portion 50 through the second opening 22, so as to discharge the cooling medium heated by the heat exchange tube 31, thereby removing the reaction heat in the radial frame 20. The reactor 100 avoids additionally arranging the tube plate fixing heat exchange tube 31 in the radial frame 20 to enter the cooling medium from the outside or remove the heated cooling medium, thereby achieving the technical effects of reducing the process manufacturing difficulty and reducing the cost.

The traditional reactor is not suitable for large-scale development because the tube plate needs to be manufactured, and the reactor 100 of the invention is simple and convenient to fix and is suitable for large-scale development because the tube plate is not needed to fix the heat exchange tube 31 and the heat exchange tube 31 is fixed on the radial frame 20 and the outer barrel 10.

In one embodiment, the outer cylinder 10 of the reactor 100 includes an upper head, a cylinder body and a lower head, two ends of the cylinder body are respectively connected with the upper head and the lower head, and the radial frame 20 is disposed in the cylinder body.

Furthermore, the top of the upper end enclosure is provided with a reaction gas inlet 13, and the side wall of the radial frame 20 is provided with a gas distribution port along the axial direction. Unreacted gas enters the upper sealing body from the reaction gas inlet 13, then passes through the gap between the radial frame 20 and the outer cylinder 10, and enters the radial frame 20 from the gas distribution port for reaction.

Furthermore, the lower head is provided with a plurality of discharge openings 14.

In one embodiment, the reactor 100 further comprises a gas collecting cylinder 60 disposed at the middle of the radial frame 20, and a plurality of gas collecting ports are axially opened on the sidewall of the gas collecting cylinder 60 for introducing the reacted reaction gas into the gas collecting cylinder 60. The gas collecting cylinder 60 penetrates the bottom of the lower end enclosure and is communicated to external equipment.

In one embodiment, the upper end cap of the radial frame 20 is provided with a cover plate for sealing the radial frame 20 and also serving to prevent the catalyst from leaking to the outside of the radial frame 20.

In one embodiment, the first collecting portion 40 includes a plurality of first collecting ports 41 in one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tubes 31, the inlet ends 311 of the heat exchange tubes 31 pass through the first openings 21 one-to-one and are connected to the first collecting ports 41, the second collecting portion 50 includes a plurality of second collecting ports 51 in one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tubes 31, and the outlet ends 312 of the heat exchange tubes 31 pass through the corresponding second openings 22 and are connected to the second collecting ports 51. This arrangement makes it possible to simplify the connection structure of the inlet and outlet ends 311 and 312 of the plurality of heat exchange tubes 31 with the first and second collecting portions 40 and 50, to easily introduce the cooling medium into the heat exchange tubes 31 from the first collecting port 41 of the first collecting portion 40, and to easily discharge the cooling medium heated by the heat exchange tubes 31 from the second collecting port 51 of the second collecting portion 50.

Specifically, the first opening 21 is aligned with the first collecting port 51 in the radial direction of the radial frame 20, and the second opening 21 is aligned with the second collecting port 51 in the radial direction of the radial frame 20.

Further, the first collecting portion 40 further includes a first collecting pipe 42 for communicating with the outside, the first collecting pipe 41 is disposed at a position of the outer tub 10 corresponding to the first collecting port 41 and communicates with the first collecting port 41, the second collecting portion 50 further includes a second collecting pipe 52 for communicating with the outside, and the second collecting pipe 52 is disposed at a position of the outer tub 10 corresponding to the second collecting port 51 and communicates with the second collecting port 51. The external cooling medium can be intensively delivered into each first collecting port 41 through the first collecting pipe 42, so that the cooling medium can be ensured to be delivered to the first collecting port 41, and the cooling medium heated by the heat exchange pipe 31 can also be intensively delivered to the second collecting pipe 52 through each second collecting port 51, so that the heated cooling medium can be smoothly output from each second collecting port 52, and the delivery mode is simple and reliable.

In one embodiment, the first and second collection ports 41 and 51 open into the sidewall of the outer cartridge 10. This arrangement allows the inlet 311 and outlet 312 ends of the heat exchange tubes 31 to be directly connected to the side wall of the outer tube 10, simplifies the connection structure of the first and second collecting portions 40 and 50 to the heat exchange tubes 31, and simplifies the manufacturing process of the reactor 100.

In one embodiment, the first opening 21 and the second opening 22 are respectively disposed at two end portions of the sidewall of the radial frame 20 in the axial direction of the radial frame. This arrangement allows the heat exchange tubes 31 to extend axially inside the radial frames 20, allowing the reaction heat in the radial frames 20 to be removed entirely and uniformly in the depth direction of the radial frames 20, and also allows the inlet and outlet ends 311 and 312 of the heat exchange tubes 31 to be separated so that their positions and the positions of the first and second collecting portions 40 and 50 do not interfere with each other, thereby achieving the effect of simplifying the structure of the reactor 100.

Specifically, the first opening 21 is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the radial frame 20 in the axial direction of the radial frame 20, the second opening 22 is opened at the lower end of the side wall of the radial frame 20 in the axial direction of the radial frame 20, that is, the inlet end 311 of the heat exchange tube 31 is located at the upper end in the axial direction of the radial frame 20, and the outlet end 312 of the heat exchange tube 31 is located at the lower end in the axial direction of the radial frame 20. In another embodiment, the positions of the first opening 21 and the second opening 22 may be reversed.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the heat exchange tube 31 has an outer diameter smaller than the radial dimensions of the first and

second openings

21 and 22. It is understood that a first gap is formed between the heat exchange pipe 31 and the first opening 21, and a second gap is formed between the heat exchange pipe 31 and the second opening 22. The first gap and the second gap are arranged, on one hand, in the reaction process, the thermal expansion difference generated between the radial frame 20 and the heat exchange tube 31 can be compensated, and the radial frame 20 and the heat exchange tube 31 are prevented from being damaged due to mutual influence, on the other hand, unreacted reaction gas can enter the inner part of the outer barrel 10 through the reaction gas inlet 13 of the upper end socket of the outer barrel 10 and then enter the radial frame 20 through the first gap and the second gap from the gap between the outer barrel 10 and the radial frame 20, and the gas distribution effect is achieved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, further, the reactor 100 further includes an automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70 and a retaining ring 80, the retaining ring 80 is fixed to the heat exchange tube 31, the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70 is disposed on the heat exchange tube 31, and one end of the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring abuts against the inner wall of the radial frame 20, and the other end of the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring abuts against the retaining ring 80; the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 71, the vent holes 71 are located on the same concentric circle concentric with the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70, and the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70 is used for responding to the temperature change of the reactor 100 so as to adjust the unreacted reaction gas to enter the radial frame 20 from the first opening 21 and/or the second opening 22 through the vent holes 71.

Specifically, the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70 includes a first state in which at least a part of the vent holes 71 are communicated with the first gap or the second gap so that the unreacted reaction gas enters the radial frame 20 from the first gap or the second gap through the vent holes 71, and a second state in which all the vent holes 71 are blocked by the radial frame 20 and the vent holes 71 are not communicated with the first gap or the second gap. The automatic temperature difference adjusting ring 70 can automatically adjust the radial position of the vent hole 71 according to the temperature, when the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is in the first state, unreacted reaction gas can enter the radial frame 20 to play a gas distribution role, and when the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is in the second state, the unreacted reaction gas cannot enter the radial frame 20 to play a gas collection role.

In a specific embodiment, the radial dimension of the first opening 21 and the second opening 22 is 38 mm, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 31 is 32 mm, the diameter of a concentric circle where the plurality of vent holes 71 are located is 42 mm, the diameter of the vent holes 71 is 2 mm, and the outer diameter of the retainer ring 80 is 38 mm.

Referring again to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the first collection portion 40 and/or the second collection portion 50 are further provided with leak detection tubes (43, 53), the leak detection tubes (43, 53) being spaced apart from the first collection tube 42 and the second collection tube 52. The leak in the heat exchange tube 31 can be inspected by inserting an endoscope into the

leak detection tube

43, 53 for subsequent repair, and if the

leak detection tube

43, 53 is the same tube as the first and second headers 42, 521, it may happen that the first and

second headers

42, 52 and the related devices need to be disassembled for inspection, which increases the difficulty and duration of maintenance.

Further, the cylinder 14 of the outer cylinder 10 is formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped plates. When the leakage area where the heat exchange tube 31 is leaked is detected, the arc-shaped plate corresponding to the leakage area can be detached, so that the repair is convenient, the repair is not required to be carried out in the reactor 100, the repair time is greatly reduced, and the catalyst is not influenced.

In one embodiment, the radial frame 20 includes an upper radial frame 23 and a lower radial frame 24, and the upper radial frame 23 and the lower radial frame 24 can slide relatively along the axial direction of the radial frame 20. When a thermal expansion difference is generated between the radial frames 20 and the outer cylinder 10, the relative sliding between the upper radial frame 23 and the lower radial frame 24 is absorbed, and thus the radial frames 20 and the outer cylinder 10 are prevented from being damaged.

In one embodiment, the first opening 21 is provided in the upper radial frame 23 and the second opening 22 is provided in the lower radial frame 24. When the upper radial frame 23 moves relative to the lower radial frame 24, the first gap between the heat exchange tube 31 and the first opening 21 can avoid the damage caused by the extrusion between the upper radial frame 23 and the heat exchange tube 31; the second gap between the heat exchange tube 31 and the second opening 22 prevents the lower radial frame 24 from being crushed against the heat exchange tube 31 to be damaged when the lower radial frame 24 moves relative to the lower radial frame 24.

As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, the upper radial frame 23 and the lower radial frame 24 are fixed to the outer cylinder 10, and the lower end of the upper radial frame 23 and the upper end of the lower radial frame 24 at least partially overlap and abut in the radial direction of the radial frame 20. The arrangement mode not only ensures that the upper radial frame 23 and the lower radial frame 24 are reliably fixed, but also ensures that the sliding is more reliable due to the relative fit sliding between the upper radial frame and the lower radial frame, and also can play a role in avoiding the leakage of the catalyst between the upper radial frame and the lower radial frame.

Further, the radial frame 20 further includes a sealing structure 25, and the sealing structure 25 includes a sealing member 251, a baffle ring 252, and a lap plate 253.

Specifically, when the outer diameter of the lower end portion of the upper radial frame 23 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end portion of the lower radial frame 24, the bridge plate 253 is fixed to a side of the upper radial frame 23 away from the lower radial frame 24, the bridge plate 253 protrudes from the upper radial frame 23 in the axial direction of the radial frame 20, the stopper ring 252 is fixed to a side of the bridge plate 253 close to the lower radial frame 24, and the sealing members 231 are sandwiched between the upper radial frame 23 and the stopper ring 252 and between the lower radial frame 24 and the bridge plate 253.

When the outer diameter of the lower end portion of the upper radial frame 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the upper end portion of the lower radial frame 24, the bridge plate 253 is fixed to a side of the lower radial frame 24 away from the upper radial frame 23, the bridge plate 253 protrudes from the lower radial frame 24 in the axial direction of the radial frame 20, the stopper ring 252 is fixed to a side of the bridge plate 253 close to the upper radial frame 23, and the sealing members 231 are sandwiched between the lower radial frame 24 and the stopper ring 252 and between the upper radial frame 23 and the bridge plate 253. This sets up simple structure, the installation is easy, and sealing performance is good, can seal radial frame 20 through setting up seal structure 25 simultaneously, avoids the catalyst to reveal, guarantees reactor 100 reliable operation in the reaction process.

More specifically, the sealing member 251 is a graphite packing, and the graphite packing has a stable structure, is suitable for dynamic sealing under high temperature and high pressure, and further ensures the reliability of sealing. The cross section of the retainer ring 252 is circular, and the contact surface between the retainer ring 252 and the lower radial frame 24 is small, so that when the upper radial frame 23 and the lower radial frame 24 slide relative to each other, the frictional resistance is further reduced, and the relative sliding is smooth.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, in one embodiment, the heat exchange tube 31 includes an inlet section 32, an outlet section 33 extending in a radial direction of the radial frame 20, and an intermediate section 34 connected between the inlet section 32 and the outlet section 33, the intermediate section 34 extending in an axial direction of the radial frame 20. The heat exchange tube 31 of the arrangement mode has a simple structure and neat appearance, and the space of the radial frame 20 can be fully utilized by the arrangement of the heat exchange tube 31.

In one embodiment, the inducer 32 and the exducer 33 are in the same direction along which the radial direction of the radial frame 20 extends. The arrangement mode enables the heat exchange tubes 31 to be arranged neatly in the radial frame 20, and the space of the radial frame 20 can be further fully utilized.

Further, the junction between the inlet section 32 and the middle section 34 and the junction between the outlet section 33 and the middle section 34 are both in arc transition. The arcs have a curvature, and in some embodiments, the curvatures of the two arcs may be the same or different. Because the heat exchange tube 31 is connected with the outer barrel 10, in the reaction process, the thermal expansion difference exists between the heat exchange tube 31 and the outer barrel 10, the fixing stability between the heat exchange tube 31 and the outer barrel 10 is influenced, the expansion difference between the heat exchange tube 31 and the outer barrel 10 can be moved to the position of an arc by arranging the arc transition on the heat exchange tube 31, and the displacement of the heat exchange tube 31 caused by the radial expansion difference and the axial expansion difference is fully absorbed by utilizing the transition effect of the arc, so that the damage is avoided.

In one embodiment, the inlet section 32, the outlet section 33, and the intermediate section 34 are integrally formed. The traditional heat exchange tube 31 is limited by the shape structure, a butt welding process is usually adopted to manufacture the complete heat exchange tube 31, the butt welding position of the heat exchange tube 31 is easy to leak due to thermal expansion, the heat exchange tube 31 of the invention is not limited by the shape structure and can be integrally formed, and the heat exchange tube 31 has the advantages of stable structure, good pressure bearing capacity and long service life. Specifically, the heat exchange pipe 31 may be rolled.

Referring again to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 31 are arranged in an annular array with respect to a central axis of the radial frame 20. In this way, the space of the reaction zone of the radial frame 20 can be fully utilized, facilitating the arrangement of the heat exchange tubes 31.

Further, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 31 are positioned on a plurality of concentric circles with reference to the central axis of the radial frame 20. Specifically, a plurality of concentric circles of the heat exchange tubes 31, which use the central axis of the radial frame 20 as a reference, pass through the central axis of the heat exchange tube 31 located in the concentric circle to form a plurality of layers of heat exchange tubes 31 from outside to inside, so that the uniformity of the reaction is ensured, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Further, the reactor 100 includes a plurality of heat exchange tube sets, each of which includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 31, a central axis of each of the heat exchange tubes 31 of each of the heat exchange tube sets is located on the same plane as a central axis of the radial frame 20, and lengths of the inlet sections 32 and the outlet sections 33 of the plurality of heat exchange tubes 31 in the radial direction of the radial frame 20 and a length of the intermediate section 34 in the axial direction of the radial frame 20 are gradually reduced from the inside to the outside. The arrangement mode can fully utilize the space of the radial frame 20, and the heat exchange tubes 31 are uniformly arranged, so that the uniformity of the reaction is ensured.

In one embodiment, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 31 of each heat exchange tube set are uniformly arranged at equal intervals.

In one embodiment, the heat exchange tubes 31 may be arranged sparsely according to the radial variation of the reaction heat in the radial frame 20 to achieve an optimal reaction temperature.

In one embodiment, the reactor 100 further comprises a support structure 90, the support structure 90 comprising a support end fixedly connected to the bottom of the radial frame 20 and an abutment end opposite to the support end, the abutment end abutting against the outermost inlet section 32 or outlet section 33 near the bottom of the radial frame 20. This support structure 90 can provide direct support for the entire heat exchange tube 31 in the direction of gravity, avoiding the heat exchange tube 31 from deforming in the vertical direction due to its own weight.

Further, the support structure 90 is a grid-type support structure. The grid-type support structure has a compact structure, the support heat exchange tubes 31 are more stable, and the grid-type support structure also plays a role in bearing in the manufacturing and transportation processes of the reactor 100.

Specifically, the lower end of the radial frame 20 is communicated with the lower end socket, the lower end socket is filled with ceramic balls 95 to form a ceramic ball layer, and the supporting structure 90 is fixed above the ceramic ball layer.

More specifically, the ceramic ball 95 is provided with at least one vent hole for increasing the permeability of the reaction gas and increasing the reaction speed.

In one embodiment, a temperature-resistant lining 98 is arranged between the ceramic ball layers on the outer wall of the lower end socket to prevent the lower end socket from being damaged due to too high reaction temperature.

Compared with the prior art, the reactor 100 of the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the radial frame 20 is provided with the first opening 21 and the second opening 22, and the first collecting part 40 and the second collecting part 50 are communicated with the heat exchange tube 31, so that the reactor 100 can be prevented from being additionally provided with a tube plate, and the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced;

(2) the connection of the heat exchange tube 31 to the first and second collecting portions 40 and 50 can be simplified by communicating the inlet and outlet ends 311 and 312 of the heat exchange tube 31 at the first and second collecting ports 41 and 51, respectively;

(3) the heat exchange tube 31 is respectively provided with gaps with the first opening 21 and the second opening 22 of the radial frame 20, so that the heat expansion difference generated between the radial frame 20 and the heat exchange tube 31 can be compensated;

(4) the upper radial frame 23 and the lower radial frame 24 are arranged to be relatively movable so as to absorb the thermal expansion difference between the radial frame 20 and the outer cylinder 10;

(5) the connecting parts of the inlet section 32 and the outlet section 33 of the heat exchange tube 31 and the middle section 34 are in arc transition, so that the heat expansion difference between the outer barrel 10 and the heat exchange tube 31 fixed on the outer barrel can be absorbed;

(6) by arranging a plurality of heat exchange tube sets, the space of the radial frame 20 can be fully utilized, and the density of the heat exchange tubes 31 can be arranged according to the quantity of reaction heat, so that the reaction is carried out at a constant temperature or a required temperature control temperature.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reactor, comprising:

an outer cylinder having a reaction gas inlet;

the radial frame is arranged in the outer cylinder, and a gap is formed between the radial frame and the outer cylinder;

the heat transfer system comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in the radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, and each heat exchange tube is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end opposite to the inlet end;

a first collecting part provided in the outer cylinder; and

a second collecting portion provided in the outer tube;

the side wall of the radial frame is provided with a plurality of first openings and a plurality of second openings, and the inlet end of each heat exchange tube penetrates through one corresponding first opening and is connected to the first collecting part; the outlet end of each heat exchange tube penetrates through the corresponding second opening and is connected to the second collecting part;

the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is smaller than the radial dimensions of the first opening and the second opening;

the reactor also comprises an automatic temperature difference adjusting ring and a retaining ring, wherein the retaining ring is fixed on the heat exchange tube, the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is arranged on the heat exchange tube, one end of the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is abutted against the inner wall of the radial frame, and the other end of the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is abutted against the retaining ring;

the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent holes are positioned on the same concentric circle concentric with the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring, and the automatic temperature difference adjusting ring is used for responding to the temperature change of the reactor so as to adjust the unreacted reaction gas to enter the radial frame from the first opening and/or the second opening through the vent holes;

the radial frame comprises an upper radial frame and a lower radial frame, the upper radial frame and the lower radial frame can relatively slide along the axial direction of the radial frames, the plurality of first openings are formed in the upper radial frame, and the plurality of second openings are formed in the lower radial frame.

2. The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first collecting portion includes a plurality of first collecting ports in one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tubes, and the inlet ends of the heat exchange tubes pass through the corresponding first openings and are connected to the first collecting ports;

the second collecting part comprises a plurality of second collecting ports which are in one-to-one correspondence with the heat exchange tubes, and the outlet ends of the heat exchange tubes penetrate through the corresponding second openings and are connected with the second collecting ports.

3. The reactor according to claim 2, wherein the first collecting portion further comprises a first collecting pipe for communicating with the outside, the first collecting pipe being provided at a position of the outer cylindrical housing corresponding to the first collecting port and communicating with the first collecting port;

the second collecting portion further includes a second collecting pipe for communicating with the outside, and the second collecting pipe is provided in the outer cylinder at a position corresponding to the second collecting port and communicates with the second collecting port.

4. A reactor according to claim 3, wherein the first and/or second collection portion is further provided with a leak detector spaced from the first and second collection tubes.

5. The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first opening and the second opening are provided at both end portions of the radial frame side wall in an axial direction of the radial frame, respectively.

6. The reactor of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes comprise an inlet section, an outlet section, and an intermediate section connected between the inlet section and the outlet section, each extending in a radial direction of the radial frame, the intermediate section extending in an axial direction of the radial frame.

7. The reactor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reactor comprises a plurality of heat exchange tube sets, each of the heat exchange tube sets comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a central axis of each of the heat exchange tubes of each of the heat exchange tube sets is in the same plane as a central axis of the radial frame, and lengths of the inlet section and the outlet section of each of the heat exchange tubes of each of the heat exchange tube sets in a radial direction of the radial frame and a length of the middle section in an axial direction of the radial frame are gradually reduced from inside to outside.

8. The reactor according to claim 1, wherein the upper radial frame and the lower radial frame are fixed to the outer cylinder, and a lower end of the upper radial frame and an upper end of the lower radial frame at least partially overlap and abut in a radial direction of the radial frames.

9. The reactor of claim 8, wherein the radial frame further comprises a sealing structure comprising a seal, a baffle ring, and a lap plate;

the outer diameter of the lower end part of the upper radial frame is smaller than that of the upper end part of the lower radial frame, the lap plate is fixed on one side of the upper radial frame, which is far away from the lower radial frame, and extends to the upper radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, the baffle ring is fixed on one side of the lap plate, which is close to the lower radial frame, and the sealing elements are clamped between the upper radial frame and the baffle ring and between the lower radial frame and the lap plate;

or the outer diameter of the lower end part of the upper radial frame is larger than that of the upper end part of the lower radial frame, the lap plate is fixed on one side of the lower radial frame, which is far away from the upper radial frame, and extends to the lower radial frame along the axial direction of the radial frame, the baffle ring is fixed on one side of the lap plate, which is close to the upper radial frame, and the sealing element is clamped between the lower radial frame and the baffle ring and between the upper radial frame and the lap plate.

10. The reactor of claim 9 wherein the seal is a graphite packing.