CN1087211A - Current-regulation type reactive static compensator for automatic constant voltage source - Google Patents
Current-regulation type reactive static compensator for automatic constant voltage source Download PDFInfo
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- CN1087211A CN1087211A CN 93109176 CN93109176A CN1087211A CN 1087211 A CN1087211 A CN 1087211A CN 93109176 CN93109176 CN 93109176 CN 93109176 A CN93109176 A CN 93109176A CN 1087211 A CN1087211 A CN 1087211A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of electric power reactive power static compensation device that constitutes based on energy transfer mechanism under the HF switch copped wave state, by the full-control type power electronic switching circuit of regulating and control from constant voltage source current sinusoidal ripple.This device has sine (the total percent harmonic distortion THD of electric current is less than 2%), linearity, compensates moving, stable state leading or that fall behind continuously and fast, reactive power, no overcurrent and throwing, cut transient state and impact, no power frequency energy-accumulating element, the reactive power conversion efficiency can be used for the reactive power compensation of network system, perceptual electric arc type device, milling train, power electric device and self-excitation asynchronous generating device etc. up to advantage such as 99.8%.
Description
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, be specifically related to a kind of basic circuit that is used for the device of electric power system alternating current main line or ac distribution network static compensation reactive power.
Adopt power electronic device to constitute current transformer and realize that static reactive roughly is divided into phase control type and pulse-width modulation type two big classes.
Aspect phase control type, late nineteen seventies, early eighties, the phase control type static compensator that the U.S. and Japan grow up, all adopt half control type controllable silicon (SCR) device, complicated artificial converter circuit must be set force shutoff SCR, being implemented in pilot angle α is the state operation down of plus or minus, and perception or capacitive reactive power take place.See " taking place and the control reactive power " (Reactive Power Genera-tion and Control by Thyristor Circuits) literary composition with thyristor circuit, Laszlogyugyi, U.S.'s Westinghouse Electrical Corp., IEEE Trans, IA-15, No.5,1979, P521-532; And see " electric association magazine " (day) that Suzuki is great, Vol.103, No.8,1983, P55-58.
Late nineteen eighties, the early 1990s, usefulness gate level turn-off thyristor (GTO) devices such as Luo Jizhou of Northeast China electric power institute substitute the SCR device that in the past was used for the phase control type static compensator, thereby cancelled complicated artificial converter circuit, see that notification number is the Chinese patent literature of CN20303928, and " electrician's electric energy new technology " magazine, 1992 the 1st phases, P5-8.
The common problem that exists of above-mentioned phase control type static compensator is: for reducing the bigger distortion of output waveform, must adopt multiple makeup to put the waveform superimposing technique, as the current transformer parallel connection that Japan once adopted 6 covers to repeat, this makes, and circuit structure is complicated, the cost multiplication; Aspect idle regulation and control, because the mode that adopts the phase modulation angle and transfer additional dc power supply voltage makes structure and control complicated, cost increases.
Aspect pulse-width modulation, the branch of voltage modulated and current-modulation is arranged again.The people such as Hi-rofumi Akagi of Japan once studied overvoltage source current waveform modulation type static compensator in early eighties, can not stablize because of the terminal voltage of DC side parallel capacitor eventually and fail to realize current-modulation is become sinusoidal wave purpose, and, thereby only be mainly used in the transient state reactive power compensation because current waveform seriously distorts and can not the idle formation of power frequency electric power effectively be compensated in sinusoid.See " the switching mode transient state reactive-load compensator of no energy-accumulating element " (Instan-taneous Reactive Power Compensators Comprising Switching Devices Without Energy Compo-nents) literary composition, IEEE Trans, IA-20, No3,1984, P625-630
Purpose of the present invention and task are, develop a kind of innovation, automatic constant voltage source current waveform modulation type reactive static compensator based on energy transfer mechanism under the chopping switch state, fundamentally the voltage source current waveform modulation type static compensator that solves in the past can not be kept with the idle problem of sinusoid current compensation electric power, big and the structure of the wave distortion of avoiding adopting the phase control type static compensator to bring simultaneously and control problems such as complicated, thus realize to the electric power reactive power sine, linearity, follow the tracks of continuously, fast and all compensating efficiently aspect structure and the power conversion.
The present invention is a kind of state type electric power reactive power compensation device with automatic constant voltage source current waveform modulation type.Automatic constant voltage source promptly under the situation that does not need additional DC side DC power supply, only depends on the function of this static compensator self element just can form constant dc voltage.Alleged (Hysteresis) modulation or watchman's wooden clapper watchman's wooden clapper (Ban-Ban) modulation when stagnant promptly adopted usually in current waveform modulation, is controlled at sinusoidal wavestrip in the make-break operation of switch electric current and by compensation requirement variation phase and amplitude.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, single-phase basic circuit of the present invention is made of power main circuit and control circuit two large divisions:
A, power main circuit are that a fully-controlled type semiconductor switch by the band parallel diode is (as the single-phase H bridge or the half-bridge current transformer of high power transistor switch GTR or gate level turn-off thyristor switch (GTO) formation, the DC side parallel of this current transformer has direct current capacitor (or capacitor group) C and voltage divider, one input of current transformer joins by a phase line of an inductance coil L and electric power system and another input and zero line join
B, control circuit comprise:
A, exchange phase angle--direct voltage closed-loop control unit by what dc operational amplifier 6, direct voltage control point adjustment 7, initial phase angle control point adjustment 8, phase shifter 5 and voltage transformer pt constituted;
B, current waveform modulating unit 3, switch drive unit 2, reactive requirement--Current Control converting unit 4, reactive requirement signal element 9,
The output of the output of direct voltage control point adjustment 7 and power main circuit voltage divider joins with two inputs of dc operational amplifier 6 respectively, and the output of the output of the output of initial phase angle control point adjustment 8, dc operational amplifier 6 and the voltage transformer pt that connects with phase line joins with three inputs of phase shifter 5 respectively.
The output of inactivity desired signal unit 9 and the output of phase shifter 5 are respectively with reactive requirement--two inputs of Current Control converting unit 4 join, the output of the mutual device CT of electric current that the output of reactive requirement--Current Control converting unit 4 and current transformer input are in series joins with two inputs of current-modulation unit 3 respectively, the input of the output of current-modulation unit 3 and switch drive unit 2 joins, and each output of switch drive unit 2 joins with the base stage (gate pole) of each fully-controlled type semiconductor switch respectively.
S1-S4 is the fully-controlled type semiconductor switch in the accompanying drawing 1, and B1-B4 is its corresponding base stage, and D1-D4 is a diode, and R1 and R2 are for constituting the resistance of voltage divider, and 1 is load, and 10 is AC electric power systems.
The single-phase compensator circuit of above-mentioned typical case can expand to heterogeneous (as three-phase) circuit.Primary element wherein such as fully-controlled type semiconductor switch and diode connected in parallel also all can expand (promptly by increase-volume need with string, and or connection in series-parallel constitute composition element).
The major function of each major component and control unit is as follows in the circuit:
When inductance coil L is used for current-modulation stagnant and under switch copped wave operation dc voltage is had boosting, capacitor (group) C is used to form the dc voltage source, to keep the normal running of switch loop; Has rectification with the switch S diode connected in parallel and to the effect of switch protection; Voltage transformer pt provides synchronizing signal for phase shifter 5; Current transformer CT provides the operating current signal for current waveform modulating unit 3; The d. c. voltage signal number of taking from voltage divider with amplify rear feeds by the given direct voltage of direct voltage control point adjustment 7 through operational amplifier 6 and give phase shifter 5; Phase shifter 5 is conventional analog, digital or digital-to-analogue convolution phase shifter, and it accepts the phase shift signal from the synchronizing signal of PT and operational amplifier 6 outputs, and the current reference signal of output phase shift; Reactive requirement--Current Control converting unit 4 makes from the current signal of phase shifter 5 synthetic with the signal from reactive requirement signal element 9, current waveform modulating unit 3 is accepted from reactive requirement--the output signal of Current Control converting unit 4 and from the operating current signal of CT, and after the two was compared, the common mode of modulating during by current hysteresis was to switch drive unit 2 output switching operation signals; The operating sequence of switch can have different combinations, and existing a kind of operating sequence when only to lift current transformer be single-phase H bridge is an example, and in the positive half cycle of power current reference signal, S1 and S4 carry out the switching operation in pairs simultaneously; S2 and S3 carry out the switching operation in pairs simultaneously in negative half period.
This static compensator is dropped into electric power system under bringing onto load (or switching manipulation locking) state, system voltage is set up dc voltage (if be in the bringing onto load state, dc voltage is controlled by the copped wave energy transfer mechanism) through rectifier rectification;
The current signal of current signal that reactive requirement signal--Current Control converting unit 4 is changed reactive requirement signal (from distant place power scheduling signal, the automatic tracking adjustment signal of load or terrain manual adjustments signal) unit 9 and phase shifter 5 outputs is the reference current signal of the synthetic current waveform modulating unit 3 of feeding in proportion.
Current waveform modulating unit 3 is compared the electric current that CT measures with reference current signal, go out switching operation signal and feed switch drive unit 2 with watchman's wooden clapper watchman's wooden clapper (Ban-Ban) modulation system, by the operation of its driving switch, thereby proportional to change idle output linearly big or small.
In the switching manipulation process, being subjected to energy exchange effect under the copped wave state and the dc voltage that changes is exchanged phase angle--direct voltage closed-loop control cell signal keeps constant to the effect of current-modulation, thereby keeps the normal required voltage of current waveform modulation.
When this static compensator logged off operation, directly bringing onto load excision also can reduce to idle output zero excision or still connecting system band no-load running again.
This static compensator is connected between power-supply system and the load, can be by a phase or a multi-phase operation.When pressing asymmetry compensation operation consideration, can constitute the multiphase compensation device by the type loop that is separated.In the running, the reactive requirement signal will be converted to current modulated, and then realize the idle output of control.Output current can be advanced or lag by the reactive power compensation requirement.Change with modulated current, that reactive power output will be will be linear, follow the tracks of dynamic and static load variations continuously, fast.The waveform of output current will keep sinusoid, reach the idle purpose of effective compensates electric in stable state and transient state running.
Compare with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1) regulate owing to having adopted current sinusoidal waveform modulated technology and the continuously adjustable sinusoid electric current of this amplitude being used for reactive power, thereby sine, linearity and Continuous Compensation electric power reactive power.
2) can reactive power leading or that fall behind take place by electric power system and load request.
The formed electric current of compensation power frequency reactive power will not be born in compensation during 3) for the three-phase power balance condition, DC side parallel capacitor C, and the electric current of capacitor and capacitance can be realized minimizing.
4) can limit overcurrent or short circuit current and in given sinusoidal current band, throw, cut the non-transient impact.Because adopt the current-modulation technology, electric current can (for example about 1/2 * 20KHZ=25 μ s) reach set-point fast in the half period of switching manipulation, thereby can realize quick dynamic tracking compensation.
5) because the intrinsic power consumption of device itself is very little and major loop in no pure resistive power consumption element, apparent power almost all is converted to reactive power, thereby installs reactive power conversion efficiency high (reaching 99.8% approximately).
6) device constitutes simply, is easy to realize.Structure is closely knit, volume is little.The more rotary compensation machine of unit K V-AR cost and in the past other class static compensators or switching mode frequency converter are low.
7) because the current waveform sineization can be saved the filter capacitor, the bank of inductors that are generally used for the phase control type static compensator.
8) the output reactive power can be by acyclic homologically trioial to maximum.Can under the situation that does not need output transformer, directly incorporate the fully loaded throwing of electric power system into, cut.
9) applicable scope is wide, applicable to: power system mesomeric state, transient state reactive power compensation; The quick dynamic tracking compensation of perceptual reactive load devices such as arc furnace, arc welding, milling train; Produce the compensation of the power electronic equipment that falls behind reactive power; Occasions such as the self-excitation reactive-load track compensation of magnetic field excitation devices such as asynchronous generator.
10) can be used as voltage source current waveform modulation type switchmode rectifier and inverter applications, its power factor (PF) can be adjusted to 1 or leading on demand.
Basic circuit structure figure when accompanying drawing 1 is connected to power system operation for reactive static compensator of the present invention by phase structure.
Accompanying drawing 2 is pressed the control circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of phase structure for the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is that embodiment is at the performance diagram that forms under the capacitive reactive power operating mode.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that embodiment is at the performance diagram that forms under the lagging reactive power operating mode.
Provide the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2 by the phase structure control circuit.But the those of ordinary skill in this field is according to content of the present invention described above, ownly easily proposes many variations or equivalent alternative and do not exceed scope of the present invention.Therefore specific embodiment can have multiplely, and content of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment: see accompanying drawing 2.2 is the switch drive unit among the figure, and 3 is the current waveform modulating unit, and 4 is reactive requirement--the Current Control converting unit, and 5 is phase shifter, and 6 is dc operational amplifier, and 7 is the direct voltage control point adjustment, and 8 is the initial phase angle control point adjustment, 9 is reactive requirement signal element.Each components and parts is as follows:
1, IC1, IC2, IC7--operational amplifier integrated component;
2, IC3, IC4--voltage comparator integrated component;
3, IC5, IC8--NAND gate integrated component;
4, IC6, IC11, IC12--and door integrated component
5, IC9, IC14--or door integrated component;
6, the special-purpose driver module of IC13--full-controlled switch (as TM or the EXB series module of Japan) with IGBT switch coupling;
7, IC10--D trigger integrated component;
8, R1,2--divider resistance;
9, the resistance of R3, R5-9, R19-22--and operational amplifier coupling; The R13--time delay resistance;
10, R4, R25, R14, R17--respectively with the resistance of reference potential Vr1-4 coupling;
11, the resistance of R15,16,26-29--and comparator IC3,4 couplings;
12, the resistance of R10-12--and phase shifter coupling;
13, R18--filter resistance;
14, R23,24--and or the resistance that matches of door IC14;
15, C1--phase shifter capacitor;
16, C2,3--filtering capacitor;
17, C4,5--timing circuit capacitor;
18, PT--synchronizing voltage instrument transformer;
19 ,+V ,-the positive and negative power supply of V--integrated component direct current;
20, VL--logic integrated component power supply; The reference potential that Vr1-4--is given;
21, D5--rectifier diode;
22, D6--voltage stabilizing didoe;
23, CT--current transformer;
24, IC13 lead-out terminal mark B1-4--is respectively the base stage B1-4 of switch S 1-4
B1-B4 is the base stage of S1-S4 among the figure.Each IC element, except that IC13 for the special-purpose full control switch drive module (as the TM or the EXB series module that are complementary with IGBT of Japan), be conventional type simulation and logic element.
The actual effect of this compensator is seen accompanying drawing 3-5.
Accompanying drawing 3,4 is respectively this quiet benefit device curve chart that each operation characteristic parameter changes with controlled current flow under capacitive and perceptual operating mode.Curve 1 is total apparent power of device among the figure, capacitive and lagging reactive power that curve 2 forms for device, and curve 3 is the DC side direct voltage, curve 4 is the power consumption of device.
By accompanying drawing 3,4 as seen: the equal linearity of reactive power that device forms is proportional to controlled current flow, very is convenient to the power industry reactive power compensation and regulates; Device power consumption (curve 4) is less, thereby device reactive power and apparent power value be extremely near (because curve 1,2 differences are very little, just overlapping seemingly curve) after the printing, and idle conversion efficiency is high; Direct voltage (curve 3) is subjected to closed-loop control and keeps constant.
Accompanying drawing 5 a) and b) be respectively this quiet benefit device under capacitive and perceptual operating mode alternating current Iac with respect to the oscillogram of voltage Vac.By accompanying drawing 5 as seen, electric current is modulated at the leading of reference signal generation well or is lagged behind in the about 90 ° sinusoidal waveform band of power system voltage, thereby its total percent harmonic distortion THD very little (less than 2%).
Claims (2)
1, a kind of from constant voltage source current sinusoidal ripple modulation type electric power reactive power static compensation device, it is characterized in that single-phase basic circuit is made up of power main circuit as described below and control circuit two large divisions:
A, power main circuit are that a fully-controlled type semiconductor switch by the band parallel diode is (as the single-phase H bridge or the half-bridge current transformer of high power transistor switch GTR or gate level turn-off thyristor switch (GTO) formation, the DC side parallel of this current transformer has direct current capacitor (or capacitor group) C and voltage divider, one input of current transformer joins by a phase line of an inductance coil L and electric power system and another input and zero line join
B, control circuit comprise:
A, exchange phase angle--direct voltage closed-loop control unit by what dc operational amplifier 6, direct voltage control point adjustment 7, initial phase angle control point adjustment 8, phase shifter 5 and voltage transformer pt constituted,
B, current waveform modulating unit 3, switch drive unit 2, reactive requirement--Current Control converting unit 4, reactive requirement signal element 9.
The output of the output of direct voltage control point adjustment 7 and power main circuit voltage divider joins with two inputs of dc operational amplifier 6 respectively.The output of the output of the output of initial phase angle control point adjustment 8, dc operational amplifier 6 and the voltage transformer pt that connects with phase line joins with three inputs of phase shifter 5 respectively.
The output of the output of reactive requirement signal element 9 and phase shifter 5 is respectively with reactive requirement--two inputs of Current Control converting unit 4 join, the output of the mutual device CT of electric current that the output of reactive requirement--Current Control converting unit 4 and current transformer input are in series joins with two inputs of current-modulation unit 3 respectively, the input of the output of current-modulation unit 3 and switch drive unit 2 joins, and each output of switch drive unit 2 joins with the base stage (gate pole) of each fully-controlled type semiconductor switch respectively.
2, reactive power static compensation device as claimed in claim 1, its feature also is: single phase circuit can expand to heterogeneous (as 3 phases) circuit, wherein the primary element of power main circuit also can by increase-volume need with string, and or connection in series-parallel constitute composition element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93109176 CN1031306C (en) | 1993-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Current-regulation type reactive static compensator for automatic constant voltage source |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93109176 CN1031306C (en) | 1993-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Current-regulation type reactive static compensator for automatic constant voltage source |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1087211A true CN1087211A (en) | 1994-05-25 |
| CN1031306C CN1031306C (en) | 1996-03-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93109176 Expired - Fee Related CN1031306C (en) | 1993-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Current-regulation type reactive static compensator for automatic constant voltage source |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106933290A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-07 | 郴州市东塘电气设备有限公司 | The intelligent high-precision voltage stabilizing device of self adaptation dynamic power wide |
| CN112787553A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-11 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Broken wall machine and control system thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-07-23 CN CN 93109176 patent/CN1031306C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106933290A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-07 | 郴州市东塘电气设备有限公司 | The intelligent high-precision voltage stabilizing device of self adaptation dynamic power wide |
| CN112787553A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-11 | 美的威灵电机技术（上海）有限公司 | Broken wall machine and control system thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1031306C (en) | 1996-03-13 |
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